Dinesh Kumar A N

Energy Technologist
(SHP & Building Energy Efficiency)
Energy Management Centre - Kerala

SUSTAINABLE
BUILDINGS

Sustainable, Eco friendly

and healthy

Energy Management Centre - Kerala 16.10.2016

A story
Dear Sun,
Somethings wrong.
Please got to Settings
> Display > Brightness!
And reduce it
Too Hot to Handle!!!

Dear child,
I have not changed any settings.
Check your system settings and correct it as below.
1. Increase the Number of trees
2. Reduce the carbon Emission Levels
3. Reduce the Concrete Jungles
4. Increase the number of lakes and water bodies.
BASICALLY SWITCH BACK TO SUSTAINABLE MODE
FROM CURRENT RESOURCE HUNGRY MODE
You will be fine thereafter.

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The more our world looks and functions in sync with this
natural world, the more likely we are to be accepted on this
home that is ours, but not ours alone.
Janine Benyus

Brundtland Report -1987of United Nations World Commission

on Environment and Development , describes sustainable
development as development that meets the needs of
the present without compromising the ability of future
generations to meet their own needs.

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The built environment accounts for approximately:

40% of global consumption of raw materials

39% of primary energy consumption
(operations)
66% of electricity consumption
12% of potable water consumption
40% of solid waste stream
35% of carbon dioxide emissions

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 Precedent
Building Form generated from

Climate
Function
Availability of materials
Culture

Respecting Nature !

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Precedent 16
Present

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 Contemporary Architecture
Building Form generated from

WANT and not the NEED

Ultra Urbanization

Exploiting Nature !!

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 Why Buildings: Huge Opportunities
1% 1%
Heating
5%
13% Water Heating
10%
Buildings use 71% Lighting
of electricity 6% Cooling

4% 20% Refrigeration
Electronics
Residential Wet Clean
Industry 13%
33% Buildings 21% Cooking
39% Computers
27%
Other
Transportation
28%

18% Commercial
Cooking 2% Other
Computers 3% 10%
Refrigeration 4% Lights 28%
Ventilation 7%
Cooling
26%
Office Equip 7%
Water Heat 7% Heating
3%
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Total Energy Consumption
Operational Phase Appliances and
processes
Construction and Demolition

Lifts ,Pumps etc

20%
Lighting

80% Ventilation and

Cooling

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 Approach

Priority 1: Demand Priority 2: Operational Priority 3: Recover and

Reduction using Active
Reduction Measures average cost
Offset Consumption using
using Passive Low Cost Measures Advanced High cost
Massing,
methods- basically Measures for
Orientation, choosing Enhancement of HVAC
Building Envelope Design high efficiency Design
Control on Window to Wall equipment for Thermal Storage, Heat
Ratio (WWR), operational control. Recovery etc,
Solar Heat Gain Coefficient
Renewable energy
(SHGC), Visible Light
Transmittance (VLT) & U-
Values (Choice of Materials),
Day Lighting,
Space Planning,
HVAC zoning and
lighting design
corresponding to day light 21
Early intervention in the building
design process allows tapping the
largest energy saving potential with
minimum cost increase
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 1) Orientation

What is the ideal orientation ?

East-West ?

North-South ?

Does not matter ?

Minimum East & West Exposures

uffer East and West Exposures with garages, utility rooms

B
etc.
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ENVELOPE: Window positioning and its Shading

Importance Of analysis the Sun Path in window shading and effective solar heat gain.
In India Shading for window on south, east and west make more importance.
And it help in Understanding the Shading device characteristic and VLT analysis
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 Hot and Humid Climate

(A) Resisting heat gain

Measures that are convenient to resist
unwanted heat gain are:
(a) Decreasing surface area of the building
exposed to the outside.
(b) Providing buffer spaces between the
outside and the inside.
(c) Increasing shading of the building in
general.

(B) Promoting heat loss

To promote heat lost it is essential to
ensure:
(a) Proper ventilation occurs throughout
the day.
(b) Humidity levels are reduced as much as
possible.
 Design Features for Building Envelope in Hot &
Humid Climate

Water bodies
Water bodies are not very essential as they may
tend to slightly increase the humidity.

Open spaces and built form

Buildings should be spread out with large open
spaces in between for unrestricted air movement.

Orientation and Planform

An unobstructed air path through the interiors is
important to ensure proper ventilation.
 Design Features for Building Envelope in Hot &
Humid Climate

Heat and moisture producing areas like toilets and

kitchens must be ventilated and separated from the
rest of the structure.

In multistoreyed buildings a
central courtyard can be
provided with vents at higher
levels to draw away the rising
hot air.
Energy Efficiency Design Measures for Building
Envelope
Reducing cooling demand (need for air conditioning)
Controlling solar gains by avoiding excessive glazing
Designing suitable shading devices
Selecting glazing with best combination of Visual Light Transmission (VLT), low U-factor and
low Solar Heat Gain Coefficient (SHGC)
Selecting office equipment with reduced heat output
Using thermal mass and night ventilation to reduce peak loads
Reducing lighting loads and installing effective lighting controls

Reducing Heating Demand

Limiting the area exposed to outdoors
Improving air tightness
Selecting efficient heating systems with effective controls

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 Building Envelop

High useful Light with Glass & glazing ...

How much glazing ?

High glazing means...

Higher day lighting & Higher Heat
ingress

Need to balance!!!

Low heat entry High VLT (Visual Light Transmittance)

Provision of recessed windows, Side fins and over hangs

And if it is a must --- Provide High performance glass & glazing

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 Walls & Roofs
Walls
Heat absorption & Transmittance

Concrete Roof

Efficient roof in a flat building

Prevent Heat entry

Provide ceiling/Attics

Cavity brick wall with/without
insulation
Glass wool stuffed
Thermocol

Extruded Polysterene

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 Wind Towers

Advantages

Hot air automatically goes

off in updraft

Requires little / no energy

Indoor air quality good

Fresh air entry

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 Energy Conservation Building Code (ECBC)
The objective of ECBC is to provide minimum requirements for energy
efficient design and design of buildings and their systems

The Energy Conservation Building Code (ECBC) launched by BEE in 2007

(amended 2010) under the Energy Conservation Act 2001

The rules relating to Energy Conservation Building Codes can be notified

under clause (a) of section 15 of clause (l) of sub-section (2) of section 56, for
buildings with a connected load of 100
100kW
kW or contract demand of 120 kVA and
above and intended to be used for commercial purposes.

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 Steps to meet ECBC compliance

4.2 ENVELOPE
Building Applying For
ECBC Compliance
5.2 HVAC

Compliance 6.2 SERVICE HOT

Approaches WATER & PUMPING

Meet Mandatory 7.2 LIGHTING

Provisions of
8.2 ELECTRICAL
Sections 4-8 POWER

balance of some low performance

components with other higher
Prescriptive performance components Whole Building
Method -Trade off method Performance
(for ENVELOPE only) Method

Provides minimum Flexibility in meeting or exceeding energy

performance requirements efficiency requirements (as compared to a
ECBC baseline building)
Compliance

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GREEN BUILDINGS

Green building or Sustainable building refers

to a structure using process that is
environmentally responsible
Resource-efficient throughout a building's life-cycle
From siting to design, construction,
Operation, maintenance, renovation
Demolition

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 Surprisingly !!!
The various
features of a
typical Kerala
Nalukettu
House, takes
care of all the
said
requirements in
an energy
efficient Green
building.

Is it accidental or
did the
traditional
craftsmen knew
all these..
Culture & Architecture of Kerala
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The successful adoption of green building
strategies can maximize both economical and
environmental performances of building

Green buildings are designed to reduce the overall

impact of the built environment on human health and
the natural environment by:

Efficiently using energy, water, and other resources

Protecting occupant health and improving employee

productivity

Reducing waste, pollution and environmental

degradation.
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 THANK YOU
Dinesh Kumar A N
Energy Technologist E1

Energy Management Centre- Kerala

+91 94460 75212

dinesh@keralaenergy.gov.in