Verbal exchanges

Facial and body expressions

Postures
Gestures
Touching

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Know your own ethnocentrism. Are associated with persons of color.

Effective cultural competence includes The goal of Healthy People 2020 is to achieve
knowledge about ethnicity, culture, language, health equity, eliminate disparities, and
and health beliefs, as well as skills to optimize improve the health of all groups.
intercultural communication.

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Increase cultural competence. Disease is the result of abnormalities in the

Nurses learn personal biases, prejudices, attitudes, structure and function of body organs and
and behaviors. systems caused by the invasion of germs.
Increase cultural awareness. Treatment destroys the invading organism.
Calls for the nurse to reflect on any biases of ageism Prevention involves avoiding pathogens,
and racism.
chemicals, activities, and dietary agents that
Obtain cultural knowledge. are thought to cause abnormalities.
Is formally and informally obtained by the nurse.

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 Believes that supernatural entities, such as
gods, deities, or nonhuman beings that include
ghosts, ancestors, or spirits, cause illness.
Health is viewed as a blessing or reward.
Rituals, such as the laying on of hands and
prayer circles, are performed.
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Is based on the concept of balance.
Disturbances in balance result in disharmony
and, subsequently, illness.
Stems from civilizations of China, India, and
Greece.
Diagnosis requires determination of the
type/extant of imbalance
Treatments are methods to restore balance
and harmony
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Nurses listen to their clients as the nurses try to
understand the situation.
Tools are used to elicit health care beliefs.
Nurses collaborate with traditional or
alternative healers, if appropriate to the clients
culture.
Understanding the clients beliefs will provide
quality care to promote healthy aging.
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Based on mutual respect
Listening carefully
Attending to both verbal and nonverbal
communication
Understanding the meaning behind the story
Explain the nurses perception clearly without
judgment
Acknowledging differences/similarities between the
nurses perception of goals and the elders
Develop a plan that considers both perspectives
and is mutually acceptable
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Interpreter tells the older adult client what the
nurse has said and then tells the nurse what
the client has said.
A translator deals with the written word.
Communication needs to be respectful.
Eye contact is disrespectful with some cultures.
Sentences should be short.
Metaphors are avoided.
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Families are expected to care for older adults
in many cultures.
Long-term care takes place in the home,
assisted living and skilled nursing facilities, and
hospice.
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 Poverty is common in persons of color, thus
meeting basic needs (level one) is difficult.
Nurses need to be sensitive to client concerns.
Cultural identity may be a major element of
self-concept and a key to self-esteem

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