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M.E. (Civil) Examination November-2016

Project Planning, Scheduling & Controls [618CCM/MCTL 925]
Time: Three Hours Max. Marks: 70

Note: Attempt all five questions. Part a, b, and c of each question is compulsory and carries
2, 2, and 3 marks respectively. Out of parts d and e (7 marks each) any one of them is
to be attempted. Missing data, if any, may be assumed suitably.
1. a. Name any two types of project plans required for project planning process.
b. Enumerate various phases of a construction project.
c. What is meant by project scheduling and what are its constraints?
d. The following project is to be represented by a bar chart. The duration for each activity is
in days. These are the actual work days. The project commences on Wednesday,
OCTOBER 14, with the five work-days a week. Draw the bar chart with the horizontal
scale denoting calendar dates.

Activity A B C D E F G H

Duration(days) 9 5 7 9 3 3 14 19

Activities A and B can occur concurrently. Activity C can take place after activity B is
completed. Activities D, F, and C can occur concurrently. Activity H can start 4 days after
the commencement of activity F. Activity G should follow activity E. Activity E can begin
concurrently with activity H. On what calendar date can we expect the project to be
completed?
e. What is work breakdown structure (WBS)? A security guards goomty having a plinth
area of 19 m2 and consisting of load bearing walls, RCC Slab, Internal and external plaster
with two coats of paint and IPS Flooring is required to be finished in 15 days. Identify the
activities and draw a network diagram.

a. Early start time and late start time of an activity.

2. b. Explain clearly the difference between an activity and an event.
c. Write two basic shortcomings of CPM as used in construction management?
d. Derive expressions for total float, free float and independent float.
e. Determine the total float, free float and independent float of each activity of a project
having following schedule:

Activity Time in weeks Predecessors

P 5 None
Q 4 P
R 6 P
S 7 Q
T 9 R
U 7 S

f. Figure 1 is a NETWORK chart drawn to show the development of a system. If person

working on task C tells the project manager he can't start work until three days after the
scheduled starting date. What impact would this have on the completion date of the
project? Why?

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 (The activity and its duration in days are shown on arrow)
Fig.1 Network Diagram

a. Name three time estimates used in PERT to estimate expected activity duration.
3. b. Define earliest event time and latest event time.
c. What is the significance of slack in a PERT network. How is it computed?
d. How do you compute the variance of an activity and standard deviation of a project?
e. A construction company has sublet a sub-project as detailed below. For various activities
of the project the three time estimate (i.e. optimistic t o, most likely tl and pessimistic
tp in days are as follows. Determine the probability of completing this project in 48
days.

Activity 0-1 1-3 1-2 2-3 1-4 3-4 4-5

to-tl-tp 9-11-13 7-9-11 4-5-6 11-21-31 7-8-9 3-5-7 4-6-8

f. A precedence diagram network is shown in Figure 3 below with activities durations

marked inside of each node. Compute the early/late start/finish times for each activity
assuming that no splitting is allowed.

Z Z 3 , 5 im p lie s S S = 3 & F F = 5 FS 0
E FF 7
9
ZZ 3 , 5 S F 2 ,1 0
SS 8
D FS 0 F G
A B
12 11 10
12 10

S F 7 ,1 4
FF 5
C
SS 3
18
SS 8

FF 3

I
FS 7 H 7
11 FF 3

Fig.2 Precedence Network

a. Draw a typical direct cost v/s duration curve for a construction project.
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4. b. What is meant by optimum duration of a project?
c. Draw a typical time- cost curve of an activity.
d. A project consists of seven activities A, B, C, D, E, F, and G. as shown in Figure 3. The
cost slope (in Rs. / day) of all activities is given in the parentheses adjacent to the activity
name. The normal and crash duration (in days) of each activity is given under the arrow.
The critical path is 1-2-4-5-6. Consisting of activities A, C, E and G with project duration
of 16 days. Determine the optimum schedule of activities if the project is to be completed
in 14 days.

3
F(1 5 0 0 )
B (2 0 0 0 )
2 (1 )
4 (2 )
A (2 0 0 0 ) D (4 0 0 0 ) G ( N IL )
1 2 5 6
4 (3 ) 5 (5 )
3 (2 )
C (4 0 0 0 ) E(3 0 0 0 )
3 (1 ) 5 (2 )
4

Fig.3 Project Network

e. Describe complete algorithm for contraction of a project to be completed on or before a

specified deadline by crashing appropriate activities.

a. Explain scheduling with limited resources.

5. b. What is meant by resource smoothening?
c. Explain Resource Leveling.
d. A project consists of nine activities as detailed below. Prepare manpower schedule based
on early start of activities.
Activities Duration(days) Manpower required
1-2 4 3
2-3 9 4
2-5 12 5
2-4 3 5
3-4 4 4
3-7 10 4
5-6 10 3
6-7 7 4
4-7 5 2

e. Discuss in detail Burgess leveling Procedure for resource smoothening in a project.

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