ANSWER
the process by which food are broken down into smaller pieces.
ANSWER
ANSWER
ANSWER
in the process of digestion teeth are use to cut up the food into small
pieces.
ANSWER
1.
34 What is the difference between excretion and egestion?
ANSWER
excretion is the process by which the human body get rid of metabolic
waste products produce by the body cells, while egestion is the process
ANSWER
8. Which part of the human digestive system produce bile which is use to
ANSWER
Biodegradable
Landfill
Sewage
Pollutant
ANSWER
ANSWER
11. Explain how the proper construction and location of pit latrines
supplies.
ANSWER
If the pit latrines are build properly and at the correct locations the will be
supplies will also be safe due to the fact that the water will not be
cholera and they need information. explain the information that should be
ANSWER
cholera is cause by a bacterium call vibrio cholerae. This type of
when trying to avoid cholera you must drink only water that are
purified.
(ii) State one benefit of bones being hollow rather than solid.
ANSWER
bones been hollow means that they can produce blood cells
b. Name two raw materials required for the process of photosynthesis and
ANSWER
Product is glucose
c. Cindy de-starches (starch removed from the leaf) a variegated leaf and
34
then exposes it to light for several hours. She then tests the leaf for starch
using iodine.
What are the expected results of her experiment? Explain your answer.
ANSWER
3. a. (i) Identify the largest source of air pollutants in the world today.
ANSWER
carbon dioxide
ANSWER
Carbon dioxide
Methane
ANSWER
c. Fredrick is training for a track and field event at school. His coach tells him
ANSWER
this is the greatest amount of air that is expelled from your lungs after
increases his exercise regime and avoid smoking. Explain the effects of
Exercise
Smoking
1. Identify the structures labelled A,B and C on the diagram of the human
eye.
ANSWER
A is the sclera
B is the retina
C is the lens
34
2. If a ten year old child goes to the cinema to watch a movie with his father.
temporary blind.
ANSWER
this is because the cones will take about 5 to 10 minutes to adjusted itself to
a. Identify one function of cartilage and an area of the human body in which
it can be found.
ANSWER
cartilages are located and the ends of bones where they form a joint
ANSWER
34
tendons attach muscles to bone while ligaments join bone to bone
4. Identify one type of joint that the little boy would utilize to kick the ball.
ANSWER
5. Complete the following sentences by writing the correct answer from the
phagocytes)
34
Lymphocytes,a type of white blood cells, make substances
called antibodies and antitoxins to destroy pathogens like bacteria and
called_________________.
ANSWER
ANSWER
ANSWER
headache
diarrhea
poor appetite
ANSWER
The vaccine will contain a weaken pathogen. This weaken pathogen will
stimulate
34 the immune system of Dr brown to produce antibodies which will
ciprofloxacin
a. Aerobic respiration.
ANSWER
this is the release of energy by the body cells with the use of oxygen.
b. Anaerobic respiration.
ANSWER
this is the release of energy by body cells without the use of oxygen.
ANSWER
dioxide.
12. Your teacher, Mr Thomas, uses energy to erase the blackboard. Glucose
ANSWER
b.
34 In which cell organelle is energy released from glucose?
ANSWER
diphosphate (ADP) is formed. With the help the diagram explain the role of
ANSWER
The body normally store the energy in groups called phosphate. ATP is
energy rich hence when energy is needed a phosphate group will break
off releasing energy. ADP is formed when a phosphate group is broken off
from ATP.
14. Mr. Thomas complains that he cannot teach night classes because he
a. Name the vitamin that Mr Thomas may be lacking to cause him not to see
well at night.
ANSWER
b. Suggest two foods which Mr Thomas can get the vitamin named in (a)
above.
34
ANSWER
ANSWER
ANSWER
ANSWER
34
ANSWER
the pH level is 7
18. Explain why salivary amylase stops functioning when it reaches the
stomach.
ANSWER
function best?
ANSWER
1. Name the chemical that helps providing the ideal pH for pancreatic
ANSWER
34
ANSWER
A. ves deferens
B. penis
C. testis
2.a. Describe the trend in the population contracting the flu virus in country
X ans country Y .
34
ANSWER
as of May the amount of persons infected with flu decrease for
country X gradually for the rest of the year except for September and
October.
For country Y the number of persons infected with flu were affected by
the tourist arrival, as of June when tourist arrival dropped the number of
infected persons also dropped.
3. Peggy has been eating three meals a day and still feels weak and tired.
She goes to the clinic and her doctor tells her that she could be lacking some
vitamins and minerals.
a. List two vitamins other than vitamin A, and mineral that could be lacking
in Peggys diet.
ANSWER
the two vitamins are vitamin B and vitamin C
the mineral is iodine
4. Name a water soluble vitamin.
ANSWER
vitamin B
Vitamin C
5. Name one nutrient other than a vitamin or mineral that could be lacking
in Peggys diet which could cause her to feel weak and tired.
ANSWER
the nutrient is carbohydrate
6. Identify the end product of the digestion of the nutrient named above.
ANSWER
the end product of carbohydrate is glucose.
34
6. State one function of each of the parts labelled A and B.
ANSWER
A is the stomach
B is the ileum
7. Peggys pharmacist suggest that she may need some amino acids in her
diet so she adopts a protein -rich diet.
Describe the digestion of proteins in the stomach and small intestine.
ANSWER
8. Suggest two benefits of amino acids to piggys body.
1 Identify four functions of the Human Skeleton system.
ANSWER
Protection- for example the rib cage protect the heart and other
34 internal organs.
Produce Blood Cells for example red blood cell and white blood cells
Assist with breathing
ANSWER
humerus
ulna
radius
ANSWER
Yes Bone is a living tissue. It is living because bone produce blood cells and
they can grow.
4. Identify TWO function of cartilage and TWO area of the human body in
which it can be found.
ANSWER
ANSWER
ANSWER
ANSWER
ANSWER
This is when muscles work in pairs where on muscle contract and the
other one relax.
ANSWER
the two features of a joint that reduce friction are the present cartilage
and synovial fluid.
ANSWER
11. Identify Two parts on the human skeleton system where a ball and
socket joint can be found.
ANSWER
A ball and socket joint can be found in the shoulder and hip.
12. What is the significant difference between a ball and socket joint and a
hinge joint.
ANSWER
A hinge joint allow movement in only one plane while ball and socket
allow movement in all planes.
1. What are the different types of bones found in the human skeleton
system?
ANSWER
34
The different types of bones found in the human skeleton system are:
long bones
SHORT bones
flat bones
ANSWER
ANSWER
ANSWER
ANSWER
extreme fatigue
ANSWER
34
By doing vector control, where you kill the vector which transmit
malaria.
ANSWER
Try not to share things like towels and other bedding with someone who is
affected by ringworm. Ringworm can be treated anti-fungal creams.
1. One of your classmate has athletes foot and tell you that it is
ringworm. Suggest TWO symptoms of athletes foot.
ANSWER
1. Why objects in low light intensity are seen more clearly from the
corner of the eye?
ANSWER
This is because the center of the retina is where more cones are and the
corner of the eye is where most rods are.
ANSWER
ANSWER
The alveoli
ANSWER
Breathing is important so that we can get oxygen and get rid of carbon
dioxide.
34
1. Identify the factors which affect breathing.
ANSWER
smoke
altitude
exercise
weight
ANSWER
1. Explain the role played by the different parts of the heart in the
circulation of blood.
ANSWER:
the heart muscles generates force to push blood out of the heart
a. dengue
ANSWER
b. malaria
34
ANSWER
ANSWER:
The hormone FSH start the development of the egg in the ovaries
34
The circulatory system
The blood from the left side of the heart comes from the lungs
Now,
34
the blood that remains is called as deoxygenated blood
34
The deoxygenated blood is returned back to the right hand
side of the heart, and is sent to the lungs to get oxygenated once
again.
Double circulatory system
Beginning at the lungs, blood flows into the left-hand side of the
heart, and then out to the rest of the body. It is brought back to
the right-side of the heart, before going back to the lungs again.
The pressure applied to pump the blood all over the body is not
lost; it is returned to the heart to raise the pressure again.
The Heart
Receives deoxygenated
blood from the body and passes it
Right Atrium to the Right Ventricle
Receives deoxygenated
blood from the right atrium and
pumps it over to the lungs to
Right Ventricle get oxygenated
Receives deoxygenated
blood from the right ventricle and
pumps it over to the lungs to
Pulmonary artery get oxygenated
34
If you are exercising, then the body will need a lot of oxygen;
you soon take up an oxygen debt which causes a drop in the ph
of blood (due to the production of lactic acid)
The valve on the left hand side of the heart is made of 2 parts
and
34 thus is called the bicuspid valve
The valve on the right hand side of the heart is made of 3 parts
and thus is called the tricuspid valve
Coronary Arteries
The muscles of the heart are so thick that the nutrients and
oxygen in the blood inside the heart would not be able to diffuse
to all the muscles quickly enough.
Stop smoking
Exercise Regularly
Blood Vessels
Blood
vessel: Function Structure of wall Width of lumen
Relatively narrow
Thick and strong
Carry Varies with heart beat due
Arterie blood away fro Contains muscles and to recoiling and stretching
s m the heart elastic tissues capacity
34
Fibrinogen Liver Remains in the blood
Are biconcave disc shaped (this increases the surface area and
thus diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide)
Some of the iron from the Haemoglobin is stored, and used for
making new haemoglobin; some of it is turned into bile
pigment and excreted.
White blood cells are made in the bone marrow and in the lymph
nodes.
Can move around and squeeze out through the walls of blood
capillaries.
Phagocytes:
Remove any microorganisms that invade the body and might cause
infection by engulfing and digesting
Lymphocytes:
3. Platelets
34
Heat Muscles and abdomen Whole body
Blood clotting
Till now, we have learnt that platelets help in the clotting of blood. Lets see
how this happens now!
Fibrin causes fibres to be made in the damaged blood vessel and tissue
Help in healing
Capillaries leak! Their cell walls dont fit together properly and thus there are
small gaps between them.
Blood Plasma
So the substances that leak out from the blood capillaries are known
as tissue fluid.
Take away the waste products of metabolism out from the cells
Lymph
To make sure this happens, there are another set of capillaries in our
body called as lymphatic capillaries.
Have structures called lymph nodes where new white blood cells are
produced
The white blood cells help in destroying most toxins in the lymph
before entering the blood from the subclavian vein.
34