been nor is prepared to assume them and overcome them. Since 2000 we live in a
constant state of war that increasingly takes lives of peasants, Indians, women
and children, key actors in an unprecedented humanitarian crisis whose output co
ntinues to be imposed by military means. From 2000 to 2006, what happened? FARC
had two fronts, 32 AND 48. Today we have identified eight fronts. AUC began with
the Southern Bloc of the AUC, then become the Bloque Central Bolivar (most infl
uential Mafia) with five groups and is now called the stubble. Public Force, Put
umayo region where they operate two of the major security strategies, Plan Colom
bia and Plan Patriota, which have increased military presence. There are 16 poli
ce stations, soldiers, farmers in all locations, narcotics police, a brigade wit
h five battalions XXVII, a Mobile Brigade, the Naval Forces South (a major in th
e country) and Narcotics Brigade operating from the base Tres Esquinas in Caquet
a. If something has changed in this period is poverty, which increased with the
spraying. People live with 80% of NBI, particularly the rural population. The mo
st dramatic effect of the spraying is the hunger for community. Still have inves
ted over 400 billion on social welfare of Plan Colombia. Five years have not pas
sed the dependence on the coca economy. After five years of intensive spraying (
more than 130,000 hectares in the Putumayo), we have a major replanting in the p
ast two years an estimated 40,000 ha. Ie 60,000 ha (45% of national total), was
reduced to 2003-25000 has (by the intensity of spraying), but these results were
not sustainable, moved to Ecuador and Putumayo now may be among the first three
departments with coca. Ecuador for their part, if a broker for all illicit trad
e, the area also makes the installation of crystallizing (some phones), another
new phenomenon is the tendency of young people of Ecuador to work as pickers, al
so known Ecuadorians have some coca plantations on the side of Colombia.
HUMANITARIAN CRISIS AND HANDLING One of the most dramatic manifestations of
this war, forced internal displacement of approximately 37,000 people who have l
ost their identity, territories, possessions, placing them in a situation of hig
h vulnerability. Moreover, the institutions are very weak compared to the dramat
ic situation facing military offensives by all armed actors.
For five years, the department has been the forced displacement of 7825 househ
olds, about 37 314 people. By region, the area known as the lower Putumayo (mu
nicipality of Puerto Asis, Puerto Caicedo, Orito, San Miguel-La Golden Valley Gu
amuez-La Hormiga and Puerto Leguizamo), has the highest population driven with 5
387 displaced households (25 779 people), representing 69% of the total. The M
edio Putumayo region (municipalities of Villa, Mocoa and Puerto Guzman), shows 2
4% of the total population driven with 1864 households (8950 persons). The Alt
o Putumayo (municipalities of Santiago, San Francisco, Sibundoy and Colon), by c
ontrast, is characterized as receiver and recorded a 4% (33 households, 157 indi
viduals) displaced population. Arguably, the department suffered from forced dis
placement reconfiguration of its total population. The capital of the departme
nt, is the largest reception center in the department, its relative safety and p
resence of institutions makes it appealing to vulnerable populations affected by
armed conflict, seeking shelter and emergency assistance. Since 2000 this city
has received 13 510 people (2946 cores), which represents about half of the popu
lation residing in the town (25000), Puerto Asis, in addition to being the great
est thrower, is also second in reception 10 896 displaced persons (2136 cores).
The shift in these two cities has profoundly changed social and economic dynamic
s, increased informal sector, basic needs in health and sanitation, poverty and
the emergence of slums. The above data do not reflect the reality of displacem
ent in Putumayo, is notorious for underreporting on posting interveredal and fam
ilies moving drop by drop and which are not recorded because they believe it inc
reases your risk, preventing their return and do not trust institutions. Groups
at Risk 4.2.1 Threatened Teachers Teachers are one of the few representati
ons of state and government in the most troubled and isolated areas of the depar
tment. Many of them are in the midst of conflict, vulnerable and faced with all
armed groups, guerrillas, FARC and the security forces. Most of the complaints
made by teachers are recorded as evidence to justify his threat and moving, how
ever, these statements are in themselves serious violations of human rights and
international humanitarian law, teachers in addition to promoters Rural health i
s one of the official sectors of greatest vulnerability
midst of conflict, not in vain, 167 teachers are registered as threatened from 2
000 to 2005. In 2005, the Departmental Secretary of Education, 80 teachers rep
orted threat. Most of the violations committed against teachers have to do wit
h murders, threats, accusations, take and damage to educational facilities, forc
ed recruitment of their students and forced displacement. The possession by th
e army of education facilities also jeopardizes the student population that serv
es as a human shield. Making for more than a year of high school Cuembi (La Carm
elita, Puerto Asis), by the Army for Road Infrastructure and Energy No 11 Puerto
Asis, is a dramatic event that forced the displacement of 200 families in the C
armelite to be identified as military targets by the guerrillas. And many teac
hers as well as displaced, many are still resisting in high-conflict regions aga
inst the war and the situation of food insecurity due to fumigation. Brave teach
ers risk their lives daily, trying to defend the schools of possession by the gu
errillas, the army or the paramilitaries, also to avoid forced recruitment of th
eir students and their desertion. Women and children Women in the department
of Putumayo represent half the population (46.8%) in recent years, its traditio
nal role is being transformed to new demands and social demands made by the inte
nsification armed conflict, displacement, hunger and the impact of spraying. Thi
s group has assumed a major role in preserving the social and productive fabric
of the region and has been playing items vetoed by the dirty war, human rights a
nd peace. This female force, however, has been also a victim of armed conflict
, for example, in 2002 70 women were killed, including 34 in the municipality of
Puerto Asis. From (2003) have been concerned as homicides have increased the lo
cal women leaders with high-impact processes, including mention of LUZ MARIA Ben
avidez, killed on November 25, 2003 in the municipality of Villa, after to perfo
rm the "March Against Spraying, war and the demilitarization" (initiative of the
Ruta Pacifica) and MARTHA Jamioy, Governor Ward Alpamanga indigenous municipali
ty of Puerto Guzmán, who was killed on November 23, 2004, for reporting the inva
sion of their territory by armed groups. Similarly, in recent years, threats h
ave increased and the displacement of many leaders, and their families, (being k
illed by their husbands or children, hunger produced by spraying or by preventin
g the forced recruitment of children ), moved into marginal areas
Mocoa, Pasto, Neiva Pitalito or losing all the organizational capacity and leade
rship that characterized.