CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF SANTIAGO DE GUAYAQUIL

FACULTY OF ARTS AND HUMANITIES

SUBJECT
ENGLISH VI

ESSAY
TOPIC:
DIABETES

TEACHER:
CARLOS VALLE

INTEGRANT :

ROSA OSORIO LEN

MARIUXI VARGAS ORTIZ

2017
GUAYAQUIL- ECUADOR
 DIABETES

Diabetes is a disease that affects the population without differentiating condition

or age group; people with diabetes are at a higher risk of developing a series of

serious health problems. To be a chronic non-transmissible, it is incurable and

progressive without a proper treatment. Diabetes also called diabetes mellitus is

a metabolic disease characterized by the increase in blood glucose levels

normal is greater than 110 mg/dl. Is classified into two types: type 2 diabetes

type 1 (DM1) diabetes type 2 (DM2)

Type 1 diabetes usually begins in youth (before the age of 30 years) causing

the destruction of the cells in the pancreas that are responsible for the formation

and release of the hormone insulin. Insulin is necessary for glucose to the blood

from food to be absorbed and used by all cells. If there is not enough insulin are

increased (blood sugar) levels leading to complications in the short and long

term, such as: Retinopathy: is the effect of the eye and can lead to blindness;

Nephropathy: is the effect of the kidney and may result in kidney failure;

Neuropathy: insensitivity to the nerve endings which leads to skin conditions

(finger, heels), tingling, muscle problems, etc.; Heart problems and brain.

The symptoms of diabetes type 1 are: intense thirst (polydipsia), increase the

amount of urine (polyuria), excess appetite (POLYPHAGIA), weight loss,

Exhaustion, prone to infection.

Diabetes Type 2 affects, above all, to older adults, for what used to be known as

diabetes senile. The pancreas is able to release insulin, however, the cells of

the body that need it have less sensitivity, so the insulin not being used is going

to stay in the blood thus raising the blood glucose levels.

You can remain asymptomatic for a long time and go unnoticed until they

appear late effects. Some of the symptoms we have: Increased thirst and

hunger, frequent urination, Weight Loss, Vision Blurred, Feeling tired, infections

in the skin, gums, or bladder, healing of injuries or bruises slower than usual

The treatment of diabetes can be pharmacological (oral hypoglycemic agents or

insulin) and nutritional status. Type 1 diabetes requires insulin administration on

a regular basis to compensate for the lack of this hormone. In contrast, people

with diabetes type 2 can be improved by changing your lifestyle, exercising

regularly, maintaining a normal weight and following a balanced diet by

improving the level of glucose in the blood.

Insulin is necessary for cells to be able to absorb and transform the glucose

from food. It is formed in the cells of the pancreas. After a meal, the pancreas

releases insulin into the blood to pass the glucose from food if this is not the

case stays in the blood and blood glucose levels increase and the cells are

unable to use their main source of energy.

Diabetes mellitus is a very common disease that affects more people in the

world. Most of these people are diabetic type 2 and only about 5% are diabetics

type 1. As well, the World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that diabetics

type 2 represents the 90% of the world population with diabetes, attributing it to

a large extent to the physical inactivity and, above all, to overweight and

obesity. According to data from the WHO, in 2012, at least 1.5 million people

died from diabetes, it is estimated that in 2030 diabetes is the seventh leading

cause of death in the world.

Between 40 and 60 years there are more men than women with diabetes type

2, but after 60 years it reverses the proportion and in adults older than 75 years

of age, the prevalence is around 41% in women and 37% in men. The chances

of having diabetes increases with age. It is the non-communicable chronic

disease that has had a greater increase in incidence in the 21st century.

Diabetes type 2 is associated with obesity in the majority of cases. On the other

hand, experts do not rule out that the economic crisis has induced changes in

lifestyle and diet, as well as other aspects such as anxiety, insomnia, stress,

and the frequency of psychiatric illnesses that facilitate obesity and insulin

resistance.

Another of the causes of diabetes mellitus type 2 is caused when cells do not

respond to or do not produce insulin due to an excessive contribution food

causing the cells to capture less glucose from the blood, maintaining high levels

of the same and thus closing a vicious circle.

The diagnosis of diabetes mellitus is established on the basis of the glucose

levels in the blood, urine, and the symptoms. Through some tests such as

analysis of the urine or also. Glucose tolerance test.

A healthy diet is very important for all people with diabetes, especially for

diabetics type 2. The overweight is often a cause of the disease. In diabetes, a

balanced diet and regular exercise reduce weight, which improves the levels of

glucose in the blood. It is better to eat several small meals a day (between five

and six) that few large meals, because the fluctuations of the need of insulin

throughout the day are smaller.

A low-fat diet combined with plenty of fruit and vegetables is beneficial. The

wholegrain products released the carbohydrate more slowly and thus contribute

to ensure a level of glucose in the blood. You should avoid foods that contain

carbohydrates that are easy to digest, such as pure glucose or sugar for

cooking; use stevia sweeteners such as alcohol consumption should be limited

as it increases the risk of hypoglycemia.

 BIBLIOGRAFA

Rodelgo, D. T. (11 de noviembre de 2016). Diabetes. Obtenido de omeda punto

es. para tu salud: http://www.onmeda.es/enfermedades/diabetes-mas-
informacion-1725-9.html

Cmo Prevenir las Complicaciones de la Diabetes Tipo 2. (s.f.). Obtenido de

United Healthcare Services: https://www.uhclatino.com/content/lat-
muhclati/oxford/es/mantenerse-saludable/consejos-de-salud-al-
instante/consejos-de-salud/como-prevenir-las-complicaciones-de-la-
diabetes-tipo-2.html

Julia Alvarez | Jefe de Seccin de Endocrinologa y Nutricin Noelia Pelez |

Mdico Adjunto de la Seccin de Endocrinologa y Nutricin. (s.f.).
Fundacin para la diabetes. Obtenido de Recomendaciones
nutricionales:
http://www.fundaciondiabetes.org/infantil/208/recomendaciones-
nutricionales

Sant Joan de Deu Hspital Barcelona. (s.f.). Obtenido de Guia de Diabetes tipo
1: http://www.diabetes-cidi.org/es/diabetes-tipo-1/debut/ejercicio