WORKSHEET 4.

REPRODUCTION

Asexual and Sexual Reproduction

1. What is the main difference between sexual and asexual reproduction?
2. Most jellyfish pass through two life phases during their cycle. Make a drawing to illustrate this.
3. Say if the following statements correspond to sexual (S) or asexual (A) reproduction:
a. The descendants are identical to the progenitor.
b. This requires two organisms.
c. Formation of gametes.
d. Fertilisation must occur.
e. The descendants characteristics are a mix of both progenitors.
f. Diversity among individuals of a species.
g. An individual organism can generate many descendants.

Reproduction in animals
4. Describe animal gemmation and fragmentation.
5. The male and female of many animals have different names. Put the following words into the
correct column.

horse cock bull nanny goat cow billy goat lioness sow hen
tigress wild sow lion pig ewe tiger wild boar sheep mare

Male Female
horse mare

6. Is external fertilisation more advantageous than internal fertilisation?

7. Explain the differences between oviparous and ovoviviparous animals.
8. Complete the text about embryonic development in viviparous animals:
The __________ undergoes cellular changes to become an embryo. The embryo grows inside
the ____________ , in an organ called the __________. The ___________ provides the embryo
with food. Embryonic development ends with_____________.
9. What advantage do viviparous animals have over oviparous animals?
10. Write one of the following words beside each definition: zygote, birth, fertilisation, uterus,
internal fertilisation, placenta.
a. The union of an ovum and a spermatozoon:
b. A fertilised egg cell:
c. The fusion of the gametes which occur inside the body:
d. The organ in which the embryo develops:
e. The organ which feeds the embryo through the umbilical cord:
f. The final stage of embryonic development in mammal:
11. Answer the questions:
a. Why do oviparous animals incubate their eggs?
b. What is unusual about seahorses?
c. What is unusual about ovoviviparous animals?

Reproduction in plants

12. Do you think new plants created from the cuttings of a parent plant will look very much like the
parent plant? Explain your answer.
13. Match each plant with the organ from which it develops: moss, grass, tulip, potato, strawberry.
14. Write the names of the parts of a flower in the following picture:
 15. Observe these flowers:

a) Which one is pollinated by the wind? What characteristics favour this type of pollination?
b) Which one is pollinated by insects? What structures favour this type of pollination?
c) What is one advantage of insects pollination over wind pollination?

16. Complete the sentences with the following words: pistil, fruit, cotyledons, nectar, stamen, calyx.
a. The ___________ is made up of green sepals.
b. The sweet ___________ attracts insects to facilitate pollination.
c. The ___________ is the male reproductive organ.
d. The ___________ is the female reproductive organ.
e. The ______________ protects the seed.
f. The _____________ are leaves which contain the food reserves for the new plant.

Revision
17. Complete the map with examples of the different types of reproduction:
18. Circle the correct answer:
a. New living beings generated by a progenitor are called
i. Embryos
ii. Organism
iii. Descendants
b. Fragmentation involves
i. Growing a new bud
ii. Sharing two parents
iii. Growing a new organism from a piece of the parent.
c. Most animals are
i. Asexual
ii. Unisexual
iii. Hermaphrodite
d. The male gonads are the
i. Testicles
ii. Spermatozoa
iii. Ovaries
e. Fertilisation is
i. The development of an embryo
ii. The union of a male and a female
iii. The union of a male and a female gamete.
f. Copulation involves
i. The transmission of male sperm into the female reproductive system
ii. The fragmentation of a parent
iii. The creation of a zygote
g. The placenta feeds the embryo through
i. The uterus
ii. The umbilical cord
iii. The ovaries
h. Bulbs are
i. Aerial stems
ii. Spores
iii. Underground stems
i. The male reproductive organ of a flower is
 i. The stamen
ii. The corolla
iii. The pistil
j. In flowers, the pollen is stored in
i. The anthers
ii. The carpel
iii. The stigma