LEE KIAN KEONG STPM MATHEMATICS (T) 17: Hypothesis Testing

17 Hypothesis Testing
1. [STPM ]
A random sample of 40 batteries produced by a company is found to have a mean lifespan of 17 months and
standard deviation of lifespan of 4 months. Determine, at 5% significance level, whether the mean lifespan of
the batteries produced by the company is less than 18 months. [6 marks]

[Answer : Test statistic=1.581 > 1.645]

2. [STPM ]
A random sample of 80 voters in an area showed that 57 voters supported party Y . Test, at 2% significance
level, the claim by party Y that more than 65% of the voters in that area supported them. [7 marks]

[Answer : Test statistic=1.172 < 2.054]

3. [STPM ]
A company sells two brands of batteries A and B. For a random sample of 50 brand A batteries, its lifespan (in
X50 X50
months), are summarised by xi = 1600 and x2i = 51641. For a random sample of 40 brand B batteries,
i=1 i=1
40
X 40
X
its lifespan (in months), are summarised by yi = 1240 and yi2 = 39064.
i=1 i=1

(a) Calculate the unbiased estimate of the mean and variance of the lifespan for brand A battery and brand B
battery. Explain what is meant by unbiased estimate. [7 marks]

[Answer : (a) 32 , 9 ; 31 , 16]

4. [STPM ]
A box contains a large number of identical beads of various colours. The proportion of white beads is p. A
random sample of size 100 is taken to test the null hypothesis H0 : p = 0.5 against the alternative hypothesis H1
: p < 0.5. If the significance level is fixed as 1%, determine the critical region. [5 marks]

[Answer : p < 0.3837]

5. [STPM ]
Random variable X is normally distributed with mean and variance 36. The significance tests performed on
the null hypothesis H0 : = 70 versus the alternative hypothesis H1 : 6= 70 with a probability of type I error
equal to 0.01. A random sample of 30 observations of X are taken and sample mean X taken as the test statistic.
Find the range of the test statistic lies in the critical region. [8 marks]

[Answer : x < 67.18, x > 72.82]

6. [STPM ]
The mean and standard deviation of the yield of a type of rice in Malaysia are 960 kg per hectare and 192 kg
per hectare respectively. From a random sample of 30 farmers in Kedah who plant this rice, the mean yield of
rice is 996 kg per hectare. Test, at the 5% significance level, the hypothesis that the mean yield of rice in Kedah
is more than the mean yield of rice in Malaysia. Give any assumptions that need to be made in the test of this
hypothesis. [8 marks]

[Answer : Test statistic=1.027<1.645]

7. [STPM ]
In a survey on the quality of service provided by a bank, 12 out of 150 customers think that the service is
unsatisfactory while the other 138 customers think otherwise.
Test the hypothesis that the proportion of customers who think that the service is unsatisfactory is 0.10

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LEE KIAN KEONG STPM MATHEMATICS (T) 17: Hypothesis Testing

(a) by using a 99% confidence interval, [7 marks]

(b) by carrying out a significance test at the 1% significance level. [6 marks]

Comment on methods (a) and (b) used in the test of the hypothesis. [2 marks]

[Answer : (a) (0.0229, 0.1371)]

8. [STPM ]
The lifespan of a type of bulb is known to be normally distributed with standard deviation 150 hours. The
supplier of the bulbs claims that the mean lifespan is more than 5500 hours. The lifespans, in hours, of a random
sample of 15 bulbs are as follows.

5260 5400 5820 5530 5380 5460 5510 5520

5600 5780 5520 5500 5360 5620 5430

(a) State the appropriate hypotheses to test the suppliers claim and carry out the hypothesis test at the 5%
significance level. [8 marks]
(b) If the true mean lifespan is 5550 hours, find the probability that the test gives a correct decision. [4 marks]

[Answer : (a) Test statistic=0.328<1.645 ; (b) 0.3617]

9. [STPM ]
The mean mark of an English test for a random sample of 50 form five students in a particular state is 47.7. A
hypothesis test is to be carried out to determine whether the mean mark for all the form five students in the
state is greater than 45.0. Using a population standard deviation of 13 marks, carry out the hypothesis test at
the 10% significance level. [6 marks]

[Answer : Test statistic=1.469]

10. [STPM ]
The proportion of fans of a certain football club who are able to explain the offside rule correctly is p. A random
sample of 9 fans of the football club is selected and 6 fans are able to explain the offside rule correctly. Test the
null hypothesis H0 : p = 0.8 against the alternative hypothesis Hl : p < 0.8 at the 10% significance level.[6 marks]
11. [STPM ]
A random sample of 48 mushrooms is taken from a farm. The diameter in centimetres, of each mushroom is
48
X 48
X
measured. The results are summarised by xi = 300.4 and xi 2 = 2011.01.
i=1 i=1

(a) Calculate unbiased estimates of the population mean and variance of the diameters of the mushrooms.
[3 marks]
(b) Determine a 90% confidence interval for the mean diameter of the mushrooms. [4 marks]
(c) Test, at the 10% significance level, the null hypothesis that the mean diameter of the mushrooms is 6.5cm.
[6 marks]
(d) Relate the confidence interval obtained in (b) with the result of the test in (c). [2 marks]

[Answer : (a) 6.2583 , 2.787 ; (b) (5.862,6.655)]

12. [STPM ]
A farmer claims that 95% tomatoes produced in his farm meet the food safety specifications. A random sample of
100 tomatoes is taken from the farm and it is found that 92 tomatoes meet the food safety specifications. Carry
out a test, at the 5% significance level, whether the tomatoes from the farm meets the food safety specifications.
[7 marks]

[Answer : Insufficient evidence to reject the farmers claim]

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