Inflation is defined as a sustained increase in the general level of prices for goods and services.

It is measured as an
annual percentage increase.

Depletion is the reduction in the number or quantity of something.

a recession is a negative economic growth for two consecutive quarters.

Depreciation- a reduction in the value of an asset with the passage of time, due in particular to wear and tear.

T-Bill - Short-term (usually less than one year, typically three months) maturity promissory note issued by a national
(federal) government as a primary instrument for regulating money supply and raising funds via open market operations.

Bank Note - a piece of paper money, constituting a central bank's promissory note to pay a stated sum to the bearer on
demand.

check is a written, dated and signed instrument that contains an unconditional order from the drawer that directs a bank to
pay a definite sum of money to a payee.

coupon rate is the yield paid by a fixed-income security; a fixed-income security'scoupon rate is simply just the
annual coupon payments paid by the issuer relative to the bond's face or par value.

Devaluation- means official lowering of the value of a country's currency within a fixed exchange rate system, by which the
monetary authority formally sets a new fixed rate with respect to a foreign reference currency.

deflation is a decrease in the general price level of goods and services. Deflation occurs when the inflation rate falls below
0% (a negative inflation rate).

Inflation is defined as a sustained increase in the general level of prices for goods and services. It is measured as an
annual percentage increase.

Annuity- a fixed sum of money paid to someone each year, typically for the rest of their life.

Debt- something, typically money, that is owed or due.

amortization refers to spreading payments over multiple periods.

Monopsony- a market situation in which there is only one buyer.

monopoly is a market structure in which there is only one producer/seller for a product.

Oligopsony - a state of the market in which only a small number of buyers exists for a product.

Oligopoly - a state of limited competition, in which a market is shared by a small number of producers or sellers.

Perpetuity - a thing that lasts forever or for an indefinite period, in particular.

Ordinary annuity is a series of equal payments made at the end of each period over a fixed amount of time.

Annuity due is a repeating payment that is made at the beginning of each period. It has the following characteristics: All
payments are in the same amount (such as a series of payments of $500).

Deferred Annuity- an annuity that commences only after a lapse of some specified time after the final purchase premium
has been paid.

Balance Sheet - a statement of the assets, liabilities, and capital of a business or other organization at a particular point in
time, detailing the balance of income and expenditure over the preceding period.
SG&A (alternately SGA or SAG) is an initialism used in accounting to refer to Selling, General and Administrative
Expenses, which is a major non-production cost presented in an income statement.

The stock (also capital stock) of a corporation constitutes the equity stock of its owners. It represents the residual assets of
the company that would be due tostockholders after discharge of all senior claims such as secured and unsecured debt.

In economics, a good is a material that satisfies human wants[1] and provides utility, for example, to a consumer making a
purchase while getting an enough-satisfying Product.

Supply is a fundamental economic concept that describes the total amount of a specific good or service that is available to
consumers.

In economics, demand is the utility for a good or service of an economic agent, relative to his/her income.

Proprietorship is a business that is owned by a single individual who has full control and authority in running this kind of
business. The owner, called proprietor, owns all the assets and is solely responsible for all the liabilities of the company.

Partnership is a business that is owned by two or more individuals or partners. Under the Civil Code of the Philippines, a
partnership is considered as juridical person, having a separate legal personality from that of its owners (partners).

Corporation is a business that is owned by its shareholders (natural or juridical persons). A corporation is composed of
juridical persons established under the Corporation Code and regulated by the SEC with a personality separate and distinct
from that of its stockholders.

In financial accounting, a liability is defined as the future sacrifices of economic benefits that the entity is obliged to make to
other entities as a result of past transactions or other past events,

An asset is a resource with economic value that an individual, corporation or country owns or controls with the expectation
that it will provide future benefit.Assets are reported on a company's balance sheet, and they are bought or created to
increase the value of a firm or benefit the firm's operations.

Market Value- the amount for which something can be sold on a given market.

scrap value is associated with the depreciation of assets used in a business. In this situation, scrap value is defined as the
expected or estimated value of the asset at the end of its useful life. Scrap value is also referred to as an asset's
salvage value or residual value.

Salvage value is the estimated resale value of an asset at the end of its useful life.Salvage value is subtracted from the
cost of a fixed asset to determine the amount of the asset cost that will be depreciated.

Book value is the value at which an asset is carried on a balance sheet. To calculate, take the cost of an asset minus the
accumulated depreciation.