Umts Mobility

UMTS mobility in EVOLIUM Release R5
Functional Feature Description
This document covers the following features:
73 00 00 HANDOVER
73 00 20 Soft Handover (FDD)
73 00 40 Softer Handover (FDD)
73 00 60 Hard Handover on dedicated channels
73 00 80 Intra RNC hard Handover
73 00 85 Intra RNC hard Handover for load sharing
73 00 90 Inter RNC hard Handover
73 00 92 Inter RNC hard Handover, PS+CS
73 01 55 Dedicated Channel on Iur
73 01 70 Combined SRNS Relocation on Iur and Cell Update
73 01 75 Directed Signalling Connection Reestablishment (DSCR Procedure)
73 40 42 HCS Carrier selection based on load
Alcatel File Reference Date Edition Page

FFU80WE1.DOC v 2 3DC 21141 0080 TQZZA 26/08/2005 01 1
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Contents
1. REFERENCES.................................................................................................................................5
1.1 Alcatel References.................................................................................................................5
1.2 3GPP References ..................................................................................................................5
2. INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................................7
3. ABSTRACT ......................................................................................................................................8
4. HIERARCHICAL CELL STRUCTURE .............................................................................................9
4.1 Multi-layer management ........................................................................................................9
4.2 Measurement rules in HCS network for UE in idle mode ....................................................10
4.3 Cell reselection criteria.........................................................................................................12
4.4 Parameters for cell reselection ............................................................................................13
4.5 Counters for cell reselection ................................................................................................18
5. INTRA-FREQUENCY HANDOVERS.............................................................................................20
5.1 Soft handover.......................................................................................................................20
5.1.1 Soft handover Triggers ...........................................................................................21
5.1.2 Measurements events configuration .......................................................................21
5.1.3 EVOLIUM RNC actions on measurements reports.............................................23
5.1.4 EVOLIUM RNC in DRNC state ...........................................................................25
5.1.5 Soft handover failure ...............................................................................................26
5.1.6 Parameters .............................................................................................................27
5.1.7 Counters..................................................................................................................30
5.2 Softer handover ...................................................................................................................31
5.3 Intra-frequency hard handover.............................................................................................31
5.3.1 Intra-frequency inter-RNC preventive hard handover .............................................31
5.3.2 Intra-frequency inter-RNC emergency hard handover ............................................32
6. INTER-FREQUENCY MOBILITY...................................................................................................33
6.1 Inter-frequency Measurements and events configuration....................................................34
6.2 Inter-frequency hard handover.............................................................................................35
6.2.1 Blind inter-frequency handover ...............................................................................35
6.2.2 Measurements-based inter-frequency handover ....................................................35
6.2.3 Handover execution ................................................................................................36
6.3 Parameters ..........................................................................................................................37
6.4 Counters ..............................................................................................................................42
7. INTRA RNC HARD HANDOVER FOR LOAD SHARING FOR DCH TRAFFIC ONLY .................45
7.1 Neighbour cells list construction for load sharing ................................................................46
7.2 Measurements for load sharing ...........................................................................................46

7.3 Load sharing algorithm conditions .......................................................................................47

7.4 Parameters for load sharing ................................................................................................48
7.5 Counters ..............................................................................................................................48
8. SRNS RELOCATION.....................................................................................................................50
8.1 Directed Signalling Connection Reestablishment (DSCR) ..................................................50
8.2 SRNS relocation and DSCR interworking on Iu interface ....................................................50
8.2.1 When the CN supports SRNS relocation................................................................50
8.2.2 When the CN does not support SRNS relocation...................................................50
9. CONCLUSION ...............................................................................................................................51
10. APPENDIX A: CELL RESELECTION CRITERIA ..........................................................................52
11. ANNEX B: MAIN UMTS FDD MOBILITY REPORTING EVENTS .................................................55
Figures
Figure 1: Hierarchical Cell Structure................................................................................................................9

Figure 2: UE mobility state definition .............................................................................................................10
Figure 3: Low speed UE intra and inter-frequency measurements rules ......................................................11
Figure 4: High Speed UE intra and inter-frequency measurements rules .....................................................11
Figure 5: Soft handover in RNC ....................................................................................................................20
Figure 6: Event- triggered 1A and 1B intra-frequency measurements .........................................................22
Figure 7: Inter-EVOLIUM RNC Soft handover ...........................................................................................23
Figure 8: Soft handover with Multi-vendor Iur................................................................................................24
Figure 9: Preventive Intra-frequency hard handover scenario 1 ................................................................32
Figure 10: Preventive Intra-frequency hard handover scenario 2 ..............................................................32
Figure 11: Emergency intra-frequency hard handover ..................................................................................33
Figure 12: Threshold configuration for inter-frequency hard handover .........................................................36
Figure 13: Traffic spreading between 2 FDD carriers ...................................................................................45
Figure 14: Load sharing triggering levels.......................................................................................................46
Figure 15: Intra RNC HHO for load sharing selectivity ..................................................................................47
Tables
Table 1: Parameters for cell reselection procedure.......................................................................................18

Table 2: Counters for cell reselection procedure...........................................................................................19
Table 3: Fallback procedure is case of handover failure...............................................................................26
Table 4: Parameters for intra-frequency handover........................................................................................29
Table 5: Counters for intra-frequency handover............................................................................................30

Table 6: Parameters for inter-frequency hard handover ...............................................................................42

Table 7: Counters for inter-frequency hard handover....................................................................................44
Table 8: Main UMTS FDD reporting events ..................................................................................................55

1. REFERENCES
1.1 Alcatel References
[1] 3DC 21141 0090 TQZZA Power Control in EVOLIUM Release R4

[2] 3DC 21144 0066 TQZZA Compressed Mode in EVOLIUM Release R3
[3] 3DC 21141 0057 TQZZA 3G / 2G interworking in EVOLIUM R4
[4] 3DC 21141 0082 TQZZA Radio Resource Management in EVOLIUM Release R5
[5] 3DC 21141 0072 TQZZA HSDPA Mobility in EVOLIUM Release R5
1.2 3GPP References
3GPP TS 25.304 User Equipment (UE) procedures in idle mode and procedures for cell
reselection in connected mode
3GPP TS 25.331 Radio Resource Control (RRC) protocol specification (FDD)
3GPP TS 25.413 UTRAN Iu interface Radio Access Network Application Part (RANAP)
signalling
ABBREVATIONS
3GPP Third Generation Partnership Project

AS Active Set
CN Core Network
CPICH Common Pilot Channel
DCH Dedicated Channel
DRNC Drift Radio Network Controller
DSCR Directed signalling re-establishment
FACH Forward Access Channel
FDD Frequency Division Duplex
FP Frame Protocol
HCS Hierarchical Cell Structure
HHO Hard Handover
IE Information Element
IP Internet Protocol
LAC Location Area Code
NBAP Node B Application Part
PM Performance Management
RA Routing Area
RAB Radio Access Bearer
RAC Routing Area Code
RAT Radio Access Technology

RAT Radio Access Technology

RNC Radio Network Controller
RRC Radio Resource Control
RSCP Received Signal Code Power
SHO Soft Handover
SRNC Serving Radio Network Controller
SRNS Serving Radio Network Subsystem
TCP Transmission Control Protocol
UE User Equipment
UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
UTRAN UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network

2. INTRODUCTION
This document aims at presenting more details on the improvements intra-3G mobility features that
are introduced with EVOLIUM Release R5. A specific document [5] deals with HSDPA mobility
procedures supported in EVOLIUM Release R5. Thus this document applies to procedures
supported for UE connected on dedicated channels only.
It is organized as follows:
Section 4 presents the carrier selection based on priority with hierarchical cell structure
implementation
Section 5 describes the several intra-frequency handover procedures supported
Section 6 deals with the inter-frequency handover case
Section 7 presents the intra-RNC hard handover for load sharing
Section 8 introduces the relocation of SRNS supported and the interworking with the CN.
Compressed mode and inter-RAT mobility features are not in this documents these topics are
already covered in specific functional feature description documents [2], [3].

3. ABSTRACT
With the deployment of UMTS networks, offering value-added 3G applications to the end-user also
involves mobility with the ability of subscriber to have access to its full set of services while on the
move.
In order to ensure continuity of services, mobility management is required for UEs in idle, in a circuit-
switched voice call, packet-switched data session and even in multi-call.
In UTRAN networks, mobility management is supported thanks to cell reselection and handover
procedures. Successful handling of these mobility features is achieved thanks to a full set of
parameters available for the operators.
The EVOLIUM UTRAN Release R5 brings more flexibility in handover algorithm configuration and
optimises the usage of the resource thanks to the support of hierarchical cell structure and intra-RNC
hard handover for load sharing.
The scope of this document is to present the 3G-3G UMTS mobility procedures supported by the
EVOLIUM UTRAN in Release R5 and also to show the improvements brought with Release R5 for
operators already aware of release R4 features.
Intra-frequency and inter-frequency handovers and cell reselection overview descriptions are given.
In addition, the configurable parameters available for the operator in order to fine tune the mobility
procedure and increase overall QoS in their network are also presented. Then, counters to monitor
cell reselection and handovers success rate are listed.
Configurable parameters for tuning of compressed mode are not listed in this document, as they are
given in [2].

4. HIERARCHICAL CELL STRUCTURE
TM
In EVOLIUM Release R5, hierarchical cell structure is introduced. Thanks to the definition of
different layers and priority between these layers, the operator can tune the reselection on preferred
cells.
The HCS feature allows favouring the moving of low mobility UEs to higher priority cells.
Thus, coverage is provided thanks to macro cells for fast moving UEs, and capacity is added thanks
to the micro-cells designed for hotspots.
4.1 Multi-layer management
The procedures are the same whether the different layers are created on different frequencies or on
the same frequency.
Multilayer management is supported on different frequencies (up to 3) or on the same frequency

in EVOLIUMTM Release R5
Highest Hierarchical Level

= Highest priority
Lowest Hierarchical Level

= Lowest priority
Figure 1: Hierarchical Cell Structure
Cell selection and reselection principles remain the same as the ones that are described in the
document for R4. However, an additional parameter, HCS used is broadcast to the UE via system
information blocks messages 11/12.

4.2 Measurement rules in HCS network for UE in idle mode
When HCS is used, the UTRAN controls the range of the measurements on candidate cells
depending on the cell priority level and also depending on the speed of the UE.
A UE is considered as a fast moving UE when the number of reselections during a predefined time
exceeds the pre-defined value given in the system information.
Cell reselections
Low speed Low speed

UE UE
Fast moving Fast moving

UE UE
NCR
TCRmax TCRmax
TCRmaxHyst TCRmaxHyst
Figure 2: UE mobility state definition
When HCS used information is sent in SIB 11/12 to the UE, the following measurements rules for
intra-frequency and inter-frequency apply for the UE, depending on the value of broadcast
parameters SsearchHCS, Sintersearch, Sintrasearch, and the measured values for Squal and Srxlev,
as defined in section 10.

Low speed UE
No Measurements on all intra-frequency and

SsearchHCS in SIB or SinterSearch in SIB
inter-frequency cells
Yes
Srxlevs <= SsearchHCS or Squal <= SinterSearch No Measurements on all intra-frequency and
Yes
No Measurements on all intra-frequency cells

SintraSearch in SIB and on inter-frequency cells of higher
priority level than the serving cell
Yes
Measurements on intra-frequency cells and
Squal > SintraSearch No
inter-frequency cells of higher priority level
than the serving cell
Yes
Measurements on intra-frequency cells and inter-
frequency cells of equal or higher priority level than
the serving cell
Figure 3: Low speed UE intra and inter-frequency measurements rules
High speed UE

SsearchHCS in SIB or SinterSearch in SIB
Yes

Srxlevs <= SsearchHCS or Squal <= SinterSearch
Yes
Measurements on intra-frequency cells and inter-

frequency cells of equal or lower priority level than the
serving cell
Figure 4: High Speed UE intra and inter-frequency measurements rules

4.3 Cell reselection criteria
Cell reselection is controlled by the UE as defined by 3GPP TS 25.304 and TS 25.331. The UTRAN
broadcasts the information for cell selection and reselection to the UE through the system
information messages SIB 3/4 and SIB 11.
The candidate cells for cell reselection are the cells for which the UE has performed measurements
and that fulfil the S criterion as computed by the UE.
When HCS is used on the serving cell, an additional criterion H is used to identify target cells on a
different layer. If the quality requirement H is fulfilled, the cells belonging to the higher priority level
are included for cell reselection and ranked according to the criterion R. The HCS used information
is sent in SIB 11/12.
The cell with highest value R in the ranking list is chosen as the new cell when all criteria are fulfilled:
If an FDD cell is ranked as the best cell and the quality measure for cell selection and
re-selection is set to CPICH RSCP, the UE shall perform cell re-selection to that FDD
cell.
If an FDD cell is ranked as the best cell and the quality measure for cell selection and
re-selection is set to CPICH Ec/No, the UE shall perform a first ranking according to
the R criteria using CPICH RSCP measures, then a second ranking of the FDD cells
according to the R criteria, but using the measurement quantity CPICH Ec/No.
Following this second ranking, the UE shall perform cell re-selection to the best
ranked FDD cell.
Measurement quantity is determined by Cell selection and re-selection info for SIB3/4: IE Cell
selection and reselection quality measure. The corresponding parameter is configurable from the
OMC.
In all cases, the UE shall reselect the new cell, only if the following conditions are met:

the new cell is better ranked than the serving cell during a time interval Treselection
more than 1 second has elapsed since the UE camped on the current serving cell.
The definition of cell reselection criteria S, H and R defined in 3GPP TS 25.304 are recalled in
Appendix 10.
Thanks to the full set of parameters available to the operator, it is possible to implement several
types of multilayer networks and to inhibit cell reselections towards GSM layer for exemple.
4.4 Parameters for cell reselection
TM
In EVOLIUM Release R5, reselection class is introduced and enable to define up to 20
reselection classes with set of pre-defined values of cell reselection parameters for HCS handling.
Each cell is assigned a reselection class.
The labels of reselection class and values of parameters of reselection class are modifiable by the
operator (except for the standard class).
The set of parameters that constitute a reselection class are:
TCRmax, TcrmaxHyst, SsearchHCSflag, SsearchHCS , RATList.SlimitSearchRATHCS ,

RATList.SlimitSearchRATflagHCS, RATList.SHCSRATflag, RATList.SHCSRAT , NCR ,
HCSservCellInfoFlag , PenaltyTime, TemporaryOffset1, TemporaryOffset2.
System
Parameter Description Unit Range
Name
Quality threshold level for applying
QHCSadj prioritised hierarchical cell re-selection {0,99,1}
during cell selection/reselection.
This parameter defines the minimum
required quality level in the cell during
QqualMinAdj dB {-24,0,1}
cell selection/reselection for the
measured CPICH Ec/N0.
This parameter defines the offset
Qoffset_snGS
subtracted from the GSM carrier RSSI dB {-50,50,1}
M
of each neighbouring GSM cell during

System
Name
the cell selection/reselection procedure.
This offset is defined per couple of cells
(serving cell, neighbouring GSM cell).
NCR Maximum number of cell reselections. {1,16,1}
Duration for evaluating allowed amount
TCRmax of cell reselections during cell s
selection/reselection.
Additional time period before UE reverts
TCrmaxHyst to low-mobility measurements during s
cell selection/reselection.
Indicates whether HCS serving Cell
HCSservCellInf
Information exists during cell
oFlag
This parameter specifies the time
duration for which the
PenaltyTime s {0,60,10}
TemporaryOffsetn is applied for a
neighbouring cell
This parameter is used for the inter
RATList.SHCS
RAT cell re-selection when HCS is dB {-105,91,1}
RAT
used.
This parameter indicates whether the
RATList.SHCS
parameter RATList.SHCSRAT is used
RATflag
or not.
This parameter defines whether the
RATList.SlimitS parameter RATList.SlimitSearchRAT is
earchRATflagH used or not. This parameters is
CS mandatory in ASN1 but ignore by the
UE if HCS is not supported.
This threshold is used in the
measurement rules for cell re-selection
when HCS is used. It specifies the RAT
RATList.SlimitS
specific threshold (in dB) in the serving dB {-32,20,2}
earchRATHCS
UTRA cell above which the UE need
not perform any inter-RAT
measurements in RAT "m".
Below this limit in the serving cell, the
UE shall initiate measurements of all
SsearchHCS dB {-105,91,1}
neighbouring cells of the serving cell
SsearchHCSfla Indicates whether Ssearch HCS exists

System
Name
g during cell selection/reselection.
This parameter specifies the offset
applied to the H and R criteria for a
neighbouring cell for the duration of
TemporaryOffs
PenaltyTime. It is used for TDD and dB
et1
GSM cells and for FDD cells in case the
quality measure for cell selection and
reselection is set to CPICH
This parameter specifies the offset
applied to the H and R criteria for a
neighbouring cell for the duration of
TemporaryOffs
PenaltyTime. It is used for FDD cells in dB
et2
case the quality measure for cell
selection and reselection is set to
CPICH Ec/No
FACHMeasure This parameter indicates whether the
mentOccasion. UE should measure inter-frequency
InterFreqFDDM cells during FACH measurements
easurements occasions
FACHMeasure
This parameter indicates whether the
mentOccasion.
UE should measure inter-RAT cells
InterRATMeas
during FACH measurements occasions
urements
FACHMeasure
This parameter indicates the FACH
mentOccasion
measurement occasion cycle length {1,12,1}
CycleLengthCo
coefficient.
efficient
FACHMeasure This parameter indicates if the System
mentOccasion information contains the FACH
CycleLengthCo measurement occasion cycle length
efficientFlag coefficient.
subtracted from the CPICH RSCP of
each neighbouring cell during the cell
Qoffset_sn dB {-50,50,1}
selection/reselection procedure. This
offset is defined per couple of cells
(serving cell, neighbouring cell).
Qoffset2_sn subtracted from the CPICH Ec/N0 of dB {-50,50,1}
each neighbouring cell during the cell

System
Name
selection/reselection procedure. This
offset is defined per couple of cells
(serving cell, neighbouring cell).
This parameters defines the
CellSelect&Res measurement (CPICH Ec/N0 or CPICH
electQualMeas RSCP) to use as quality measure Q for
FDD cells during cell reselection.
This parameter defines the threshold
for inter-RATmeasurements during cell
RATList.SSear
reselection. If Squal > SintsearchRAT, dB {-32,20,2}
chRAT
the UE doesn't need to perform inter-
RAT (i.e. GSM) measurements.
for inter frequency measurements (dB)
and for the HCS measurement rules
SinterSearch during cell selection/reselection. If dB {-32,20,2}
Squal > Sintersearch, the UE doesn't
need to perform inter-frequency
measurements.
This parameter indicates whether
Sintersearch exists during cell
SinterSearchFl
reselection. If Sintersearch is not sent,
ag
the UE shall always perform inter-
frequency cell measurements.
for intra frequency measurements (dB)
and for the HCS measurement rules
SintraSearch dB {-32,20,2}
during cell reselection. If Squal >
Sintrasearch, the UE doesn't need to
perform intra-frequency measurements.
This parameter indicates whether
Sintrasearch exists during cell
SintraSearchFl
reselection. If Sintrasearch is not sent,
ag
the UE shall always perform intra-
frequency cell measurements.
This parameter corresponds to the
time-to-trigger for cell reselection. The
Treselection cell reselection is valid only if the s {0,31,1}
criteria was verified during the time
Treselection.

System
Name
This parameter defines the reselection
CellReselection class of the cell, i.e. the set of
Class reselection parameters that apply for
this cell.
HCS priority level (0-7) for serving cell
HCSPRIO and neighbouring cells during cell {0,7,1}
This parameter indicates whether a UE
may select another cell on the same
IntraFreqCellR frequency if selection/re-selection
eselectInd criteria are fulfilled when cell status
"barred" is indicated. (true = allowed
and false =not allowed)
QHCS prioritised hierarchical cell re-selection {0,99,1}
This parameter defines the hysteresis
value added to CPICH RSCP of the
Qhysts1 serving cell during cell dB {0,40,2}
selection/reselection. It is used to avoid
ping-pong effect.
value added to the CPICH Ec/N0 of the
Qhysts2 serving cell during cell dB {0,40,2}
selection/reselection. It is used to avoid
ping-pong effect.
required quality level in the cell during
QqualMin dB {-24,0,1}
cell selection/reselection for the
measured CPICH Ec/N0.
required RX level in the cell during cell
QrxlevMin dBm {-115,-25,2}
selection/reselection for the measured
CPICH RSCP.
GSMCellResel class of the cell, i.e. the set of
ectionClass reselection parameters that apply for
this cell.
HCS priority level (0-7) for serving cell
GSMHCSPRIO {0,7,1}
and neighbouring cells during cell

System
Name
GSMQhcs prioritised hierarchical cell re-selection {0,99,1}
required averaged received signal level
GSMQrxlevMin dBm {-115,-25,2}
in the GSM cell during cell
CellReselection class of an external cell, i.e. the set of
ClassAdj reselection parameters that apply for
this cell.
HCS priority level (0-7) for external
HCSPRIOadj neighbouring cell during cell {0,7,1}
Table 1: Parameters for cell reselection procedure
4.5 Counters for cell reselection
The table below presents the PM counters reported by the RNC to the OMC-R.
Name Definition Network object

Cell_upd_rq This counter reports the number of received Cell
_cell_resel "Cell Update" with cause "cell reselection".
Cell_upd_comp_cell_re This counter reports the number of transmitted Cell
sel "Cell Update Confirm" due to a cell update with
cause "cell reselection".
Cell_upd_rq_rl_fail This counter reports the number of received Cell
"Cell Update" with cause "Radio link failure".
Cell_upd_comp_rl_fail This counter reports the number of transmitted Cell
"Cell Update Confirm" due to a cell update with
cause "Radio link failure".
Cell_upd_rq_peri_cell_u This counter reports the number of received Cell
pd "Cell Update" with cause "periodical cell
update".
Cell_upd_comp_peri_c This counter reports the number of transmitted Cell
ell_upd "Cell Update Confirm" due to a cell update with
cause "periical cell update".
Cell_upd_rq_RLC_unre This counter reports the number of received Cell
c_err "Cell Update" with cause "RLC unrecoverable
error".
Cell_upd_comp_RLC_u This counter reports the number of transmitted Cell
nrec_err "Cell Update Confirm" due to a cell update with

Name Definition Network object

cause "RLC unrecoverable error".
Cell_upd_rq_re_enter_s This counter reports the number of received Cell
a "Cell Update" with cause "Re-entered service
area"
Cell_upd_comp_re_ent This counter reports the number of transmitted Cell
er_sa "Cell Update Confirm" due to a cell update with
cause "Re-entered service area".
InterRNC_Cell_upd_rq_ This counter reports the number of inter-RNC Cell
Iur cell update requests with Iur connection for all
causes.
InterRNC_Cell_upd_rq_ This counter reports the number of inter-RNC Cell
no_Iur cell update requests without Iur connection for
all causes.
InterRNC_Cell_comp This counter reports the number of successful Cell
inter-RNC cell update with Iur connection for all
causes.
Table 2: Counters for cell reselection procedure

5. INTRA-FREQUENCY HANDOVERS
5.1 Soft handover
Soft handover is a major W-CDMA feature. It brings significant inter-cell interferences reduction
thanks to power control supported on several radio links. Moreover, macro diversity introduced by
selection-combining function in the RNC also improves the overall capacity of a UMTS network.
Soft handover procedure is masked to the CN with Iur interface implemented between Serving RNC
(SRNC) and Drift RNC (DRNC). The UE connected in Cell_DCH state is in the overlapping coverage
of cells belonging to sectors of different Node Bs and has a radio link established with each of these
cells, as shown in the figure below for UE-1.
From day one, the EVOLIUM RNC supports up to 15 Iur interfaces towards oather RNCs. This
allows the operator to optimise the transmission network costs versus the gain brought by soft
handover:
For long distance mobility, it is foreseen that intra-frequency hard handover with SRNS
relocation will reduce significantly the number of Iur interfaces to be implemented
without having a big impact on the capacity of the network.
In addition, the support of open Iur allows taking benefits of soft handover gains in
multi-vendor UMTS networks contexts.
Node B #2 RNC-1
Iub
Iu
UE-1
Iur Core
Network
Node B #1
Iub
RNC-2
UE-2
Node B #3
Figure 5: Soft handover in RNC

The EVOLIUM UTRAN supports intra-RNC and inter-RNC soft handover procedures. The set of
cells the UE is simultaneously connected to in soft handover are defined as the active set of the
UE.
5.1.1 Soft handover Triggers
The soft handover algorithm is based on intra-frequency measurements and on UE internal

measurements (Rx-Tx). Depending on the measurements reported by the UE, the RNC will update
the active set of the UE .
5.1.2 Measurements events configuration
The neighboring cells of a UE, also called UE monitored set, are the cells for which the UE reports
measurements. The maximum number of intra-frequency neighbour cells in the monitored set is
equal to 32.
The monitored set is calculated using adjacency information for each cell. The maximum number of
intra-frequency adjacencies for a given cell is 32.
TM
In EVOLIUM Release R5, by configuration, each adjacency relation is assigned a priority, either P0
or P1.
The RNC handles a UE near cell list of maximum 200 cells. This UE near cells list is used to update
the monitored set each time the active set changes.
Best cells from the UE near cells list are included in the monitored set depending on the following
criteria:
Number of adjacencies of the cells with cells of the active set
Priority of the adjacency
The information is sent to the UE via the intra frequency cell info list IE sent by the RNC in the
measurement control message.
The introduction of a priority level per adjacency in EVOLIUMTM Release R5 allows optimizing
the selection of the monitored cells amongst the near ones.
5.1.2.1 Measurements quantity
The EVOLIUM UTRAN configures the following quantity to be measured by the UE for intra-
frequency measurements:

Downlink Ec/I0 (chip energy per total received channel power density) measured on CPICH.
Downlink path loss.
Downlink received signal code power (RSCP) after despreading measured on CPICH.
UTRA Carrier RSSI
The configuration of event triggered intra-frequency measurements are signalled to the UE in SIB11
message or in dedicated measurement control messages.
5.1.2.2 Event triggered intra-frequency measurements
The EVOLIUM Release R5 supports the following event-triggered intra-frequency measurements

reports 1A, 1B and 1C, as defined by 3GPP TS 25.331 and definition are recalled in appendix A of
the document.
CPICH
Ec/N0
Cell
1
R1b +
R1a + H1a H1b
Cell
2
Cell
3
Time
Event 1A = Event 1B =
add cell 3 drop cell 2
Figure 6: Event- triggered 1A and 1B intra-frequency measurements
5.1.2.3 UE internal measurements
The EVOLIUM Release R5 supports the following Event-triggered UE internal measurements

reports 6F and 6G, as defined by 3GPP TS 25.331 and recalled in appendix A of this document.

5.1.3 EVOLIUM RNC actions on measurements reports
On reception of intra-frequency measurement reports from a UE, or on reception of a UE internal

measurement report (6F or 6G) from a UE, the EVOLIUM RNC in SRNC state updates the active
set of the UE.
5.1.3.1 Active set update on reception of Event 1A triggered measurement report when Iur
is connected between two EVOLIUM RNCs
Core Network
Iu
Iur
Drift
S-RNC
RNC
Iub Iub Iub
NodeB1 NodeB2 NodeB3
Figure 7: Inter-EVOLIUM RNC Soft handover
The SRNC add cells in the active set depending on the candidate cells received in UE measurement
report message and with respect to the following rules:
A maximum of 2 candidate cells can be added
The total number of cells in the active set shall be lower or equal to 6.
The total number of Node Bs in the active set shall be lower or equal to 3.
The total number of cells per Node B in the active set shall be lower or equal to 3.

For each cell to add, the SRNC determines the initial downlink transmission power to be signalled to
the Node B, based on the Ec/No measurements received from the UE on other cells in the active set.
Refer to [1] for more details.
5.1.3.2 Active set update on reception of Event 1A triggered measurement report with Multi-
vendor Iur
Core Network
Iu
Iur
Drift
S-RNC
RNC
FP FP FP
Iub Iub Iub
Figure 8: Soft handover with Multi-vendor Iur
The SRNC add cells in the active set depending on the candidate cells received in UE measurement
report message and with respect to the following rules:
The total number of cells in the active set shall be lower or equal to 6.
The total number of Frame Protocols in the active set shall be lower or equal to 3. There is one
FP per Node B.
The total number of cells per Node B in the active set shall be lower or equal to 3.
First, SRNC triggers the addition of candidate cells controlled by Node Bs already under SRNC or
already used DRNCs. Then, candidate cells controlled by Node Bs or DRNC not used yet in the
active set can be added according to the rules stated previously.
The EVOLIUM acting as SRNC supports Diversity Combination and thus supports NBAP/RNSAP
Diversity Control Field and Diversity information IE on Iub and Iur interfaces.

5.1.3.3 Active set update on reception of Event 1C triggered measurement report Iur is
connected between two EVOLIUM RNCs
When the RNC receives Event 1C from Measurement Report message, the RNC performs Radio
Link Addition/Deletion procedures for the reported cells. If the downlink tx power of the worst active
cell is superior to the one of the best reported cell, the worst active cell is deleted and the best
reported cell is added.
5.1.3.4 Active set update on reception of Event 1C triggered measurement report with Multi-
vendorIur
The SRNC replaces the worst cell of the active set by the best ranked candidate cell received in UE
measurement report message and with respect to the rules already stated for event 1A.
If the candidate cell has a better quality than the cell having the worst quality in the active set, then
SRNC adds only this new cell while respecting the rules given for Event 1A. Otherwise, the
Measurement Report will be ignored.
If the total number of FPs is equal to 4 after the new cell addition, the SRNC will delete all cells
controlled by the Node B having the cell with the worst radio quality.
5.1.3.5 Active set update on reception of Event 1B triggered measurement report
When the RNC receives Event 1B from Measurement Report message, the RNC performs some
Radio Links Deletion procedures for the reported cells.
5.1.3.6 Active set update on reception of UE internal measurement report
When the RNC receives an UE internal measurement report message (Event 6F and Event 6G), the
RNC performs a Radio Links Deletion for the reported cell. The Event Results information elements
include Primary CPICH Information of Active Set Cells for which the UE Rx-Tx time difference is
larger (event 6F) or is less (event 6G) than an absolute threshold.
5.1.4 EVOLIUM RNC in DRNC state
When the SRNC belongs to another vendor, if a cell controlled by the DRNC needs to be added to
the active set of the UE, the EVOLIUMRNC in DRNC state establishes radio links with Node Bs
under its control on reception of RNSAP RADIO LINK ADDITION REQUEST or RADIO LINK
ADDITION SETUP message.
In EVOLIUM RNC acting as DRNC, no diversity combination is performed if Radio Links are
handled by different Node Bs. Therefore, the SRNC shall establish as many AAL2 connections as
there are Not Combined RLs over Iur.

5.1.5 Soft handover failure
TM
In EVOLIUM Release R5, the RNC triggers a hard handover in case of soft handover failure.
A soft handover failure is considered when the number of failures of a new radio link establishment
exceeds a configured threshold. The new radio link establishment success depends on the radio
admission control described in [4].
The threshold is different following the type of RAB:
One threshold for AMR
One threshold CS or Streaming PS and multi RAB CS + PS
One threshold for single PS RAB
The table below summarizes the procedure steps and fallback procedures handled when there is a
SHO failure, per RAB type:
AMR Single RAB CS Single PS RAB Multi-RAB CS+PS

Single PS RAB
Streaming
Failure Nb new radio link Nb new radio link Nb new radio link Nb new radio link
detection establishment failure> establishment failure> establishment failure> establishment failure>
RLAdditionFailureThr RLAdditionFailureThre RLAdditionFailureThr RLAdditionFailureThr
eshAMR shStreaming eshPS eshStreaming
First Inter-frequency HO Inter-frequency HO Bit rate reduction until Inter-frequency HO

Fallback with emergency cell with emergency cell AV_4 for PS with emergency cell
procedure
Second UMTS to GSM CS None Inter-frequency HO None

Fallback handover with emergency cell
procedure
Third None None Cell Change order None

Fallback procedure
procedure
Table 3: Fallback procedure is case of handover failure
In EVOLIUMTM Release R5, service continuity is ensured to the end-user thanks to the trigger
of inter-frequency or eventually inter-RAT hard handover when Radio admission control
algorithm leads to a SHO failure.

5.1.6 Parameters
TM
In EVOLIUM Release R5, the configuration of soft handover parameters is modifiable per SHO
class: There are 20 SHO classes supported .The operator can then finely tune the network according
to the geographical area of the cell.
Each cell is configured with a SHO class, thus parameters dedicated to soft handover can be
changed real time while the UE active set is updated.
The table below presents the telecom parameters available to the operator to tune soft handover
procedure.
System Parameter Name Description Unit Range

This parameter defines the SHO class of
CellSHOClass the cell, i.e. the set of SHO parameters
that apply for this cell.
This parameter defines the SHO class of
CellSHOClassAdj an external RNC cell, i.e. the set of SHO
parameters that apply for this cell.
This parameter defines the maximum
number of times the event 1a is reported
Event1a.AmountRep
to the network when it was not taken into
account
Event1a.Hysteresis {0,7.5,0.5}
used for event 1a
Event1a.RepDeactThresh number of cells allowed in the active set {0,7,1}
to report the event 1a.
This parameter defines the interval of
periodical reporting when such reporting
Event1a.RepInterval is triggered by an intra-frequency events. ms
A zero value indicates that event triggered
periodical reporting shall not be applied.
This parameter defines the Reporting
Event1a.RepRange Range to trigger an event 1a. It enables to dB {0,14.5,0.5}
control the Soft-handover rate.
This parameter defines the minimum time
during which the event criterion has to be
Event1a.TimeToTrigger ms
verified before reporting the event 1a
(same purpose as time hysteresis)
This parameter defines the weighting
Event1a.W {0,2,0.1}
factor W used to trigger an event 1a


Event1b.Hysteresis {0,7.5,0.5}
used for event1b
This parameter defines the Reporting
Event1b.RepRange Range to trigger an event 1b. It enables to dB {0,14.5,0.5}
control the Soft-handover rate.
Event1b.TimeToTrigger ms
verified before reporting the event 1b
This parameter defines the weighting
Event1b.W {0,2,0.1}
factor W used to trigger an event1b
number of times the event 1c is reported
Event1c.AmountRep
to the network when it was not taken into
account
Event1c.Hysteresis {0,7.5,0.5}
used for event 1c.
Event1c.RepActThresh number of cells required in the active set {0,7,1}
to report the event 1c.
This parameter defines the interval of
periodical reporting when such reporting
Event1c.RepInterval is triggered by an intra-frequency events. ms
A zero value indicates that event triggered
periodical reporting shall not be applied.
Event1c.TimeToTrigger ms
verified before reporting the event 1c
number of intra-frequency measurement
IntraFreq.AmountRep
report messages, in case of periodic
reporting.
This parameter defines the coefficient
IntraFreq.FilterCoef used to filter the intra-frequency
measurements
This parameter defines the time interval
between intra-frequency measurement
IntraFreq.RepInterval ms
report messages, in case of periodic
reporting.
This parameter defines which
IntraFreqMeasQuant
measurement quantity the UE shall report


on the intra-frequency. It should be fixed
as CPICH Ec/Io practically.
Number of time SHO is performed before
RLAdditionFailureThreshA
trying a Inter Frequency HO for AMR {0,5,1}
MR
services
RLAdditionFailureThreshP
trying a Inter Frequency HO for PS {0,5,1}
S
services
RLAdditionFailureThreshSt
trying a Inter Frequency HO for streaming {0,5,1}
reaming
services
Table 4: Parameters for intra-frequency handover

5.1.7 Counters
The counters listed below allow to compute percentage of users that have 1,2, 3 or 4 cells in the
active set, as well as the number of users that are connected in the same time to one Node B, two
Node Bs or at least three Node Bs. Thanks to this counters, soft handover rate in the RNC can be
calculated.
Counter Name Definition

This counter reports the number of radio link addition request during the RRC Active
Branch_add_rq
Set Update procedure.
This counter reports the number of radio link addition success during the RRC Active
Branch_add_comp
This counter reports the number of radio link deletion request during the RRC Active
Branch_del_rq
This counter reports the number of radio link deletion success during the RRC Active
Branch_del_comp
users_3_radio_Lks_c It counts the number of users per cell that have three cells in their Active Set.
This counter reports the number of users that are connected to three Node B at the
User_3_radio_Lks_trans
same time.
This counter reports the number of users that are connected to two Node B at the
User_2_radio_Lks_trans
same time.
This counter reports the number of users that are connected to one Node B at the
User_1_radio_Lk_trans
same time.
It counts the number of users per cell that have one cell in their Active Set. It is
users_1_radio_Lk_c
reported for the cells of the own RNC.
This counter reports the number of users per cell that have two cells in their Active
users_2_radio_Lks_c
Set. It is reported for the cells of the own RNC.
"It counts the number of users per cell that have at least four cells in their Active Set.
users_4more_radio_Lks_c
It is reported for the cells of the own RNC.
It counts the number of users per cell that have one cell in their Active Set. It is
users_1_radio_Lk_o
reported for the cells of the other RNCs but declared as neighboring cell in SRNC.
This counter reports the number of users per cell that have two cells in their Active
users_2_radio_Lks_o Set. It is reported for the cells of the other RNCs but declared as neighboring cell in
SRNC.
It counts the number of users per cell that have three cells in their Active Set. It is
users_3_radio_Lks_o
reported for the cells of the other RNCs but declared as neighboring cell in SRNC.
It counts the number of users per cell that have at least four cells in their Active Set. It
users_4more_radio_Lks_o
is reported for the cells of the other RNCs but declared as neighboring cell in SRNC.
Table 5: Counters for intra-frequency handover

5.2 Softer handover
Softer handover procedure is a specific case of soft handover, for which radio links are controlled by
the same Node B. The EVOLIUM A9100 MBS performs combining in uplink and splitting in
downlink.
The parameters to configure intra-frequency measurements are the same as the ones given in the
soft handover section 5.1.2.
5.3 Intra-frequency hard handover
Intra-frequency hard handover is supported between the source and the target RNC in case of partial
Iur mesh. The hard handover is supported in conjunction with a SRNS relocation procedure
described in section.
The EVOLIUM RNC is able to trigger an inter-RNC intra-frequency hard handover in

preventive and emergency scenari.
5.3.1 Intra-frequency inter-RNC preventive hard handover
The preventive handover is triggered by the EVOLIUM RNC in SRNS state when following
conditions are met:
When at least one neighbouring cell of the UE is controlled by a RNC without Iur interface
towards the SRNC:
Core Network
Preventive
SRNS
Iu relocation Iu
Iur Drift
S-RNC
RNC0
Defined as
Iub Iub Iub neighbour cell by
DRNC0
Iub
NodeB4 Drift
RNC1

Figure 9: Preventive Intra-frequency hard handover scenario 1
When there is only one cell in the active set of the UE and this cell is not controlled by the
SRNC:
Core Network
Preventive
SRNS relocation
Iu Iu
Iur
Target
S-RNC
RNC
Iub
NodeB3
Figure 10: Preventive Intra-frequency hard handover scenario 2
5.3.2 Intra-frequency inter-RNC emergency hard handover
The emergency intra-frequency inter-RNC hard handover is triggered when the UE reports a
measurement report with Event 1A or 1C, requesting to add a neighbouring cell controlled by a RNC
which has no Iur interface with the SRNC, and if the target cell is not controlled by SRNC.
The figure below depicts the emergency handover triggered case where the target cell is the best cell
reported by UE measurements and a neighbour cell belonging to DRNC1 (with which SRNC does
not have Iur interface) is defined.

Core Network Best cell

reported in UE
measurements
Emergency
SRNS relocation
Iu Iu
Iur Drift
S-RNC
RNC0
Defined as
Iub Iub Iub neighbour cell
by DRNC0
Iub
NodeB4 Drift
RNC1
Figure 11: Emergency intra-frequency hard handover
6. INTER-FREQUENCY MOBILITY
In EVOLIUM Release R5, inter-frequency handovers are triggered on radio quality conditions
Several cases of handovers are supported by the EVOLIUM UTRAN for UE in Cell_DCH state:
Intra-RNC intra/inter Node B hard handovers, inter-RNC hard handovers for PS, CS and 1CS+1PS
calls.
When the quality of the current carrier is decreasing, the RNC triggers an inter-frequency handover
towards another FDD carrier, based on measurements reports received from the UE, or, in case of
quick radio degradation, the RNC triggers an emergency handover towards a pre-defined emergency
cell.
The EVOLIUM UTRAN offers a full set of features in order to propose a strategy to use
compressed mode based or blind inter-frequency handover, for an optimum usage of radio
resources.

6.1 Inter-frequency Measurements and events configuration
The neighbouring cells of an UE, also called UE monitored set, are the cells for which the UE reports
measurements. The maximum number of inter-frequency neighbour cells in the monitored set is
equal to 32. It is configurable by the operator. The construction of the monitored set is handled the
same way as described in paragraph 5.1.2.
There is one list of adjacent inter-frequency neighbour cells per carrier configured for each cell and
one emergency cell configured per cell for inter frequency blind HO.
TM
In addition, in EVOLIUM Release R5, other parameters are taken into account in the building of the
monitored set and more detailed are given in document [3]:
in case of RAB combination CS + PS, the UE and the network capability with respect to
Dual Transfer Mode are taken into account in the building of monitored set, depending on
DTMCapabilityCheck flag. If the flag is ON, then no GSM cell without DTM capability should
be included in the monitored set.
In case of PS RAB I/B, the monitoring set should not include GSM cells not supporting
GPRS (depending on the GPRSEnabled parameter of the GSM cell).
In EVOLIUM Release R5, up to 2 FDD carriers can be monitored by the UE.
The handover preparation phase consists mainly in configuring inter-frequency measurements:
The configuration of the inter-frequency measurement events to trigger emergency

handover if emergency handover is configured depending on operator choice:
Either two events 2d_em with different measurement quantities (i.e. Ec/Io and
RSCP)
Or one event 2d_em (with one measurement quantity) and one event 6a_em.
The configuration of inter-frequency measurements to trigger compressed mode for UE

supporting compressed mode (refer to [2] for further details) depending on operator
choice:
Either Two events 2d_cm with different measurement quantities (i.e. Ec/Io and
RSCP)
Or one event 2d_cm (with one measurement quantity) and one event 6a_cm

The configuration of the inter-frequency measurements (events 2b) used to trigger the hard
handover for radio reason. This part is applicable for both UE requiring compressed mode
and UE with dual receiver. The operator can configure two events 2b with different
measurement quantities
The configuration of the events 2f and 6B used to stop the inter-frequency measurements 2b
when they are configured with compressed mode. This part is applicable for UE requiring
compressed mode (refer to [2] for further details). The operator can configure two events 2f
with different measurement quantities
The compressed mode activation for UE requiring compressed mode.
For the configuration of all these measurements events, the value of threshold offsets is configured
depending on DL/UL physical channel type. This mechanism gives possibility to the operator to
configure the measurements events differently depending on the service (e.g., threshold for an AMR
call will be lower than in case of a PS 384 call).
Measurements events defined in 3GPP TS 25.331, are used and recalled in Annex 11
In EVOLIUMTM Release R5, thanks to the flexibility offered for the configuration of
measurements events hard handover procedure are optimised and adapted to any field condition.
6.2 Inter-frequency hard handover
The EVOLIUM UTRAN supports several cases of inter-frequency hard handover described in this
paragraph.
6.2.1 Blind inter-frequency handover
When blind handover is configured, on reception of event 2d-em or event 6A-em from the UE, the
SRNC triggers a hard handover towards a pre-defined emergency cell.
TM
In addition, from EVOLIUM Release R5 onwards, it is also possible to inhibit compressed mode
and to force a blind handover even if the UE requests compressed mode. This is configurable by the
operator.
6.2.2 Measurements-based inter-frequency handover
The handover towards another FDD frequency cell is triggered when event 2b is received, as shown
in the figure below. For a UE supporting compressed mode, compressed mode is activated at
reception of the event 2d-cm or 6A-cm as described in [2] and allows performing measurements on
another carrier. In the inter-frequency measurement event result, the inter-frequency cell id IE is set
to the FDD cells that triggered the event.

In addition, EVOLIUM allows tuning event 2b threshold value per downlink physical channel type.
At RAB establishment, an offset is added automatically to the 2b event threshold depending on the
service. This mechanism gives possibility to the operator to configure the inter-frequency handover to
be triggered sooner in case of an AMR call than in case of a PS 384 call. In case of sudden fast radio
degradation (event 2d-em or 6A-em), and if the UE has not enough time to perform measurements
on the other FDD carriers, an emergency inter-frequency handover towards a pre-defined emergency
cell is triggered. In case no emergency cell has been defined, it can be calculated by the RNC using
the coverage indicator attribute of the neighbour cell.
CPICH Ec/N0 (dB)
Limit at the cell boundarie

s
in multi cell environment
Limit for link maintenance

-12
in CELL_DCH
-15
-17
Measurements 2b
t
Call drop
2d_cm 2b 2d_em
CM activation AMR Blind_ho_radio = ON
Blind_ho_radio = OFF Emergency_ho = GSM or UMTS
Blind_ho_service = OFF
2b
PS call
Figure 12: Threshold configuration for inter-frequency hard handover
For emergency hard handover, the EVOLIUM UTRAN allows to configure whether the
emergency cell is a UMTS or a GSM cell on operators choice.
6.2.3 Handover execution
The inter-frequency intra-RNC hard handover procedure is initiated by the UTRAN via a PHYSICAL
CHANNEL RECONFIGURATION message sent to the UE.
If the handover is an inter-RNC hard handover, a SRNS relocation (refer to section 8) is performed
prior to the sending of the RADIO BEARER RECONFIGURATION message. The RRC message
contains the carrier frequency and all the cell information on which the UE has to connect. Timing re-
initialised hard handover and timing maintained hard handover are supported in this release.

6.3 Parameters
The table below gives the list of parameters available to the operator for the configuration of inter-
frequency hard handovers.
TM
In EVOLIUM Release R5, measurements based parameters are HHO class parameter. There are
20 HHO classes supported. Each cell (own and external) is assigned a HHO class.
Uni
System Parameter Name Description Range
t
This parameter defines the HHO class of the cell, i.e.
CellHHOClass
the set of HHO parameters that apply for this cell.
This parameter defines an offset per DL physical
Event2b.ThresholdOffset dB {0,115,1}
channel on the event 2b activation threshold
Event2b.ThresholdOffset.Oth
channel on the second event 2b activation threshold dB {0,115,1}
erMeasQuant
(with other measurement quantity)
Event2dcm.ThresholdOffset dB {0,115,1}
channel on the event 2d_cm activation threshold
Event2dcm.ThresholdOffset.
channel on the second event 2d_cm activation dB {0,115,1}
OtherMeasQuant
threshold (with other measurement quantity)
Event2dem.ThresholdOffset dB {0,115,1}
channel on the event 2d_em activation threshold
Event2dem.ThresholdOffset.
channel on the second event 2d_em activation dB {0,115,1}
OtherMeasQuant
threshold (with other measurement quantity)
Event2f.ThresholdOffset dB {0,115,1}
channelon the event 2f activation threshold
Event2f.ThresholdOffset.Oth
channelon the second event 2f activation threshold dB {0,115,1}
erMeasQuant
(with other measurement quantity)
This parameter defines the HHO class of an external
CellHHOClassAdj RNC cell, i.e. the set of HHO parameters that apply
for this cell.
This parameter enables to activate the blind handover
BlindHORadio
radio option.
This parameter enables to activate the blind handover
BlindHOService
service option.
Activation of the emergency handover option in order
EmergencyHO to face dead zone situation. For UE supporting GSM,
this parameter gives a priority to the UMTS or the

Uni
t
GSM emergency cell.
Identification of the CM template associated to a
CMTemplateNumber
given HHO class
This flag is meant to allow the operator to choose
MultipleEvent2Dand2Factivat whether to have 2 events 2d/ 2f with different
ionFlag measurement quantities instead of 1 measurement
2d/2f and one measurement 6a/6b
This flag is meant to allow the operator to choose
whether to have one measurement 2b (with only one
MultipleEvent2BactivationFla
measurement quantity chosen by the operator) or 2
g
measurement 2b (with different measurement
quantity)
This parameter defines the hysteresis used for event
Event2B.Hysteresis dB {0,14.5,0.5}
2b.
Event2B.Hysteresis.OtherMe This parameter defines the hysteresis used for the
dB {0,14.5,0.5}
asQuant second event 2b (with other measurement quantity).
This parameter defines the absolute threshold that
applies for the non used frequency for reporting an dB
Event2B.ThresholdnonUsed
event 2b. (Note that the range -115dBm to -25dBm is m/d {-115,0,1}
Frequency
used with CPICH RSCP and the range -24dB to 0dB B
is used with CPICH Ec/N0)
applies for the current frequency for reporting an dB
Event2B.ThresholdUsedFreq
event 2b. (Note that the range -115dBm to -25dBm is m/d {-115,0,1}
uency
used with CPICH RSCP and the range -24dB to 0dB B
is used with CPICH Ec/N0)
applies for the current frequency for reporting the
dB
Event2B.ThresholdUsedFreq second event 2b (with other measurement quantity).
m/d {-115,0,1}
uency.OtherMeasQuant (Note that the range -115dBm to -25dBm is used with
B
CPICH RSCP and the range -24dB to 0dB is used
with CPICH Ec/N0)
This parameter indicates the period of time between
Event2B.TimetoTrigger the timing of event detection and the timing of ms
sending Measurement Report with event2b.
Event2B.TimetoTrigger.Othe the timing of event detection and the timing of
ms
rMeasQuant sending Measurement Report with the second
event2b (with other measurement quantity).
Event2B.WnonUsedFrequen This parameter defines the weighting factor W used
{0,2.0,0.1}
cy on the other frequency for triggering an event 2b.

Uni
t
This parameter defines the weighting factor W used
Event2B.WUsedFrequency {0,2,0.1}
on the current frequency for triggering an event 2b.
Event2B.WusedFrequency.O
on the current frequency for triggering the second {0,2,0.1}
therMeasQuant
event 2b (with other measurement quantity).
Event2D.Hysteresis dB {0,14.5,0.5}
2d.
Event2D.Hysteresis.OtherMe This parameter defines the hysteresis used for the
dB {0,14.5,0.5}
asQuant second event 2d (with other measurement quantity.
applies for the used frequency for reporting an event
dB
Event2D.ThresholdCMactivat 2d in order to trigger the compressed mode
m/d {-115,0,1}
ion activation. (the range -115 to -25 dBm is used with
B
CPICH RSCP and the range -24 to 0 dB with CPICH
Ec/N0).
applies for the used frequency for reporting an event
dB
Event2D.ThresholdCMactivat 2d (for the second measurement quantity) in order to
m/d {-115,0,1}
ion.OtherMeasQuant trigger the compressed mode activation. (the range -
B
115 to -25 dBm is used with CPICH RSCP and the
range -24 to 0 dB with CPICH Ec/N0).
This parameter defines the threshold for event 2d,
used to trigger inter-frequency or inter-RAT dB
Event2D.ThresholdEmergen
emergency handover. (Note that the range -115dBm m/d {-115,0,1}
cyHandover
to -25dBm is used with CPICH RSCP and the range - B
24dB to 0dB is used with CPICH Ec/N0)
This parameter defines the threshold for the second
event 2d (with other measurement quantity), used to
Event2D.ThresholdEmergen dB
trigger inter-frequency or inter-RAT emergency
cyHandover.OtherMeasQuan m/d {-115,0,1}
handover. (Note that the range -115dBm to -25dBm
t B
is used with CPICH RSCP and the range -24dB to
0dB is used with CPICH Ec/N0)
Event2D.TimetoTrigger the timing of event detection and the timing of ms
sending Measurement Report with event 2d.
Event2D.TimetoTrigger.Othe the timing of event detection and the timing of
ms
rMeasQuant sending Measurement Report with the second event
2d (with the other measurement quantity).
Event2D.WUsedFrequency {0,2,0.1}
on the current frequency for triggering an event 2d.

Uni
t
Event2F.Hysteresis dB {0,14.5,0.5}
2f.
Event2F.Hysteresis.OtherMe This parameter defines the hysteresis used for the
dB {0,14.5,0.5}
asQuant second event 2f (with other measurement quantity).
This parameter defines the threshold that applies for
the current frequency for triggering an event 2f. (Note dB
Event2F.ThresholdUsedFreq
that the range -115dBm to -25dBm is used with m/d {-115,0,1}
uency
CPICH RSCP and the range -24dB to 0dB is used B
with CPICH Ec/N0)
Event2F.TimetoTrigger the timing of event detection and the timing of ms
sending Measurement Report with event 2f.
Event2F.WUsedFrequency {0,2,0.1}
for triggering an event 2f.
This parameter defines the threshold that applies for
the current frequency for triggering the second event
dB
Event2F.ThresholdUsedFreq 2f (with other measurement quantity). (Note that the
m/d {-115,0,1}
uency.OtherMeasQuant range -115dBm to -25dBm is used with CPICH RSCP
B
and the range -24dB to 0dB is used with CPICH
Ec/N0)
Event2F.TimetoTrigger.other the timing of event detection and the timing of
ms
MeasQuant sending Measurement Report with the second event
2f (with other measurement quantity).
Event2F.WusedFrequency.O
for triggering the second event 2f (with other {0,2,0.1}
therMeasQuant
measurement quantity).
This parameter defines the power offset on maximum
output power of the UE used to calculate the
Event6A.ThresholdCMactivat
threshold that applies for the used frequency for dB
ionOffset {0,83,1}
reporting an event 6A in order to trigger the
compressed mode activation.
Event6A.ThresholdEmergen output power of the UE used to calculate the
dB
cyHandoverOffset threshold for event 6A, used to trigger inter-frequency {0,83,1}
or inter-RAT emergency handover.
Event6Acm.TimetoTrigger the timing of event detection and the timing of ms
sending Measurement Report with event 6Acm.
Event6Aem.TimeToTrigger
the timing of event detection and the timing of

Uni
t
sending Measurement Report with event 6Acm.
Event6B.ThresholdUsedFreq output power of the UE used to calculate the
dB
uencyOffset threshold that applies for the current frequency for {0,83,1}
triggering an event 6b.
Event6B.TimetoTrigger the timing of event detection and the timing of ms
sending Measurement Report with event 6B.
This value is the default setting assumed for the Dual
DefaultDTMCellCapability Mode Transfer cell capability of the cells that are
acquired via Iur.
This value is the default setting assumed for the
DefaultGPRSCellCapability GPRS cell capability of the cells that are acquired via
Iur.
The goal of this parameter is to allow the operator to
decide whether the DTM capability of the GSM cells
DTMCapabilityCheck should be taken into account when building the
monitoring set. If is FALSE, the DTM capability of the
UE and the network will be checked.
This parameter defines the filter coefficient that shall
InterFreq.FilterCoeficient be used to evaluate the Inter Frequency
measurements.
This parameter defines the filter coefficient that shall
be used to evaluate the Inter Frequency
InterFreq.FilterCoeficient.Oth
measurements for the second measurement types
erMeasQuant
(when the same event is activated with 2 different
measurement types).
This parameter defines the measurement quantity
used by the UE to evaluate whether an inter-
InterFreq.MeasQuantOwnFr
frequency measurement event has occurred or not,
eq
through the computation of the own frequency quality
estimate.
This parameter defines the measurement quantity
used by the UE to evaluate whether an inter-
frequency measurement event has occurred or not,
InterFreq.MeasQuantOwnFr
through the computation of the own frequency quality
eq.OtherMeasQuant
estimate. This parameter is used for the second
measurement type when 2 different measurement
types are requested for the same event
This parameter defines the maximum number of
MaxFDDcarriers {0,2,1}
UTRA FDD other carriers that the UE has to monitor.

Uni
t
It is used to prepare the inter-frequency neighbouring
cell list
MaxFDDcells UTRA FDD cells on another carrier that the UE has {0,32,1}
to monitor.
MAXGSMcells {0,32,1}
GSM/DCS cells requiring CM to monitor
This parameter defines an offset per UL Physical
Event6acm.ThresholdOffset dB {0,83,1}
channel on the event 6a_cm activation threshold
Event6aem.ThresholdOffset dB {0,83,1}
channel on the event 6a_em activation threshold
Event6b.ThresholdOffset dB {0,83,1}
channel on the event 6b activation threshold
Table 6: Parameters for inter-frequency hard handover
6.4 Counters
The counters for the inter-frequency handover procedure success rate per service type are listed in
the following table.
Name Definition
Inter_freq_HO_rq_AMR_c This counter reports the number of intra/inter RNC inter
Frequency hard handover attempt initiated by RNC for a
UE supporting AMR
RAB.
Inter_freq_HO_rq_AMR_o This counter reports the number of intra/inter RNC inter
UE supporting AMR
RAB.when the source cell is an external cell known by the
SRNC.
Inter_freq_HO_rq_AMR_u This counter reports the number of intra/inter RNC inter
UE supporting AMR
RAB when the source cell is an external unknown cell.
Inter_freq_HO_rq_CS_str_c This counter reports the number of intra/inter RNC inter
UE supporting CS streaming RAB.
Inter_freq_HO_rq_CS_str_o This counter reports the number of intra/inter RNC inter
UE supporting CS streaming RAB when the source cell is
an external cell known by the SRNC.
Inter_freq_HO_rq_CS_str_u This counter reports the number of intra/inter RNC inter
UE supporting CS streaming RAB when the source cell is
an external unknown cell.

Inter_freq_HO_rq_conv_64 This counter reports the number of intra/inter RNC inter

_64_c Frequency hard handover attempt initiated by RNC for a
UE supporting CS 64 RAB.
_64_o Frequency hard handover attempt initiated by RNC for a
UE supporting CS 64 RAB when the source cell is an
external cell known by the SRNC.
_64_u Frequency hard handover attempt initiated by RNC for a
UE supporting CS 64 RAB when the source cell is an
external unknown cell.
Inter_freq_HO_rq_PS_c This counter reports the number of intra/inter RNC inter
UE supporting PS RAB.
Inter_freq_HO_rq_PS_o This counter reports the number of intra/inter RNC inter
UE supporting PS RAB when the source cell is an external
cell known by the SRNC.
Inter_freq_HO_rq_PS_u This counter reports the number of intra/inter RNC inter
UE supporting PS RAB when the source cell is an external
unknown cell.
Blind_HO_inter_freq_UE_p This counter reports the number of Blind/Emergency
ow_rq_AMR intra/inter RNC inter frequency handover attempt for
execution phase due to 2d_em or 6a_em, when the UE
supporting AMR RAB.
ow_rq_CS_str intra/inter RNC inter frequency handover attempt for
supporting CS streaming RAB
ow_rq_conv_64 intra/inter RNC inter frequency handover attempt for
supporting CS64 RAB.
ow_rq_PS intra/inter RNC inter frequency handover attempt for
supporting PS RAB.
Inter_freq_HO_comp_AMR This counter reports the number of Inter-Frequency hard
_c handover success initiated by RNC for a UE supporting
AMR RAB.
_o handover success initiated by RNC for a UE supporting
AMR RAB when the source cell is an external cell known
by the SRNC.
_u handover success initiated by RNC for a UE supporting
AMR RAB when the source cell is an external unknown
cell.
Inter_freq_HO_comp_CS_s This counter reports the number of Inter-Frequency hard
tr_c handover success initiated by RNC for a UE supporting
CS streaming RAB.
tr_o handover success initiated by RNC for a UE supporting
CS streaming RAB when the source cell is an external cell
known by the SRNC.


tr_u handover success initiated by RNC for a UE supporting
CS streaming RAB when the source cell is an external
unknown cell.
Inter_freq_HO_comp_conv_ This counter reports the number of Inter-Frequency hard
64_64_c handover success initiated by RNC for a UE supporting
CS 64 RAB.
64_64_o handover success initiated by RNC for a UE supporting
CS 64 RAB when the source cell is an external cell known
by the SRNC.
64_64_u handover success initiated by RNC for a UE supporting
CS 64 RAB when the source cell is an external unknown
cell.
Inter_freq_HO_comp_PS_c This counter reports the number of Inter-Frequency hard
handover success initiated by RNC for a UE supporting
PS RAB.
Inter_freq_HO_comp_PS_o This counter reports the number of Inter-Frequency hard
PS RAB when the source cell is an external cell known by
the SRNC.
Inter_freq_HO_comp_PS_u This counter reports the number of Inter-Frequency hard
PS RAB when the source cell is an external unknown cell.
Blind_HO_inter_freq_UE_p This counter reports the number of Blind/Emergency inter-
ow_comp_AMR RNC/intra-RNC handover inter-frequency success for a
UE supporting AMR RAB, due to 2d_em or 6a_em.
ow_comp_CS_str RNC/intra-RNC handover inter-frequency success for a
UE supporting CS streaming RAB, due to 2d_em or
6a_em.
ow_comp_conv_64 RNC/intra-RNC handover inter-frequency success for a
UE supporting CS 64 RAB, due to 2d_em or 6a_em.
ow_comp_PS RNC/intra-RNC handover inter-frequency success for a
UE supporting PS RAB, due to 2d_em or 6a_em.
Table 7: Counters for inter-frequency hard handover

7. INTRA RNC HARD HANDOVER FOR LOAD SHARING FOR DCH TRAFFIC
ONLY
TM
In EVOLIUM Release R5, the support of intra RNC hard handover for load sharing spreads the
load between two different FDD carriers. Thus, the operator can benefit of the addition of new carrier
and ensures a better perceived QoS to the end-user. The intra-RNC hard handover for HSDPA
procedure is also supported and described in document.
high loaded cell
Less loaded cell

Carrier f1
Carrier f2
Figure 13: Traffic spreading between 2 FDD carriers
TM
In EVOLIUM Release R5, load sharing algorithm is called at transition from idle to Cell_DCH state
and at different times depending on the establishment cause, as shown in the figure below:
Request
RRC Connection Request
DCCH Establishment
Yes
Emergency call?
No RAB Assignment Request

Yes
I/B PS?
Select RAB based on UE capability

No
Intra RNC HHO for load sharing No

I/B PS?
Yes
RAC
Intra RNC HHO for load sharing
Successful
RAC
Failed Successful
Failed
Pre-emption
Establishment of Radio link for DCCH
Load Sharing is performed before pre- DCCH/DTCH Establishment

emption
Establishment of Radio link for DTCH

Figure 14: Load sharing triggering levels
1) Load sharing algorithm is triggered at reception of RRC CONNECTION REQUEST for all
establishment causes except emergency, interactive and background causes.
2) Load sharing algorithm is triggered at reception of RAB ASSIGNMENT REQUEST for interactive
and background calls for the first RAB.
3) Load sharing is never triggered for emergency calls.
7.1 Neighbour cells list construction for load sharing
A neighbour cells list for load sharing is built for each cell. For each cell, the list is composed of one
load sharing candidate cell per carrier.
In case of an active set with several cells, the RNC considers that the current cell is the oldest cell in
the AS and considers only the neighbouring list of the current cell for the calculation of the load
sharing neighbours.
The load sharing neighbours are selected on the following criterion:
Coverage is equivalent or bigger (overlap) than the considered cell
The candidate cell chosen is the least loaded cell in the neighbouring cell list for load sharing.
7.2 Measurements for load sharing
Uplink and Downlink load estimation is computed by the RNC thanks to the following measurements
received from the Node B:
Downlink measurements: Transmitted carrier power for codes not used for HS-PDSCH or HS-
SCCH transmission
Uplink measurements: the received total wide band power.
The Load estimation for a cell is calculated as follows:
Loadcell = Load_Sharing_weighting_factor_UL_DL * LoadDLcell + (1-

Load_Sharing_weighting_factor_UL_DL) * LoadULcell
Where:

Load_Sharing_weighting_factor_UL_DL is a parameter configured by the operator and

represents the importance of DL load in the overall cell load
LoadULcell = AdmUL,cell * 100 , with AdmUL,cell as calculated by RAC algorithm (please

refer to [4]).
LoadDLcell = Transmitted carrier power for codes not used for HS-PDSCH or HS-SCCH
transmission as received by the Node B
7.3 Load sharing algorithm conditions
When conditions to trigger the intra-RNC hard handover are fulfilled as described in 7, then two
conditions need to be fulfilled in order that the RNC triggers a carrier change for load sharing:
First, the load of the current cell needs to exceed a configured threshold. Two different thresholds
are configurable, allowing the intra-RNC hard handover for load sharing algorithm to be more
selective for speech or CS 64 calls than for Interactive or background PS calls.
Secondly, a carrier change is triggered only when the load difference between the candidate cell and
the current cell exceeds a configured threshold.
Intra RNC HHO for load sharing
No
Speech call or CS 64
yes
No Load sharing HHO

Loadcell>LoadSharingThresLimitedSwitch Loadcell>LoadSharingThreshEasySwitch
not needed
yes yes
Candidate cell selection for HHO load sharing
No Load sharing HHO

Loadcell-Loadcandidatecell>LoadSharingHysteresis
not needed
yes
Radio Link setup procedure on candidate celll
Figure 15: Intra RNC HHO for load sharing selectivity

7.4 Parameters for load sharing
Load sharing configurable parameters for DCH traffic only are HHO class parameters and given in
the table below:
Name Description Unit Range

difference of load between the serving cell and
LoadSharingHysteresis a cell selected for load sharing, needed to % {0,100,1}
trigger the transition to the cell selected for
load sharing
This parameter defines the load threshold on
the serving cell used to trigger the Load
LoadSharingThreshEasySw
Sharing agorithm, which applies to calls using % {0,100,1}
itch
an establishment cause for which an easy
switch to load sharing cell is whished
This parameter defines the load threshold on
the serving cell used to trigger the Load
LoadSharingThresLimitedS
Sharing algorithm, which applies to calls using % {0,100,1}
witch
an establishment cause for which a limited
switch to load sharing cell is whished
This parameter defines the weighting factor
LoadSharingWeightingFact between UL and DL load to be taken into
{0,1,0.01}
orULDL account in the calculation of the global load of
a cell for load sharing algorithm
7.5 Counters
The counters intra-RNC hard handover for load sharing success rate per service type are listed in
the following table.
Name Definition
Inter_freq_HO_load_shar_conv_rq This counter reports the number of intra RNC hard HO
requests initiated by RNC, due to load sharing, for services
with traffic class "conversational".
Inter_freq_HO_load_shar_str_rq This counter reports the number of intra RNC hard HO
requests initiated by RNC, due to load sharing, for services
with traffic class "streaming".
Inter_freq_HO_load_shar_BE_rq This counter reports the number of intra RNC hard HO
requests initiated by RNC, due to load sharing, for PS RAB
interactive and background.
Inter_freq_HO_load_shar_conv_comp This counter reports the number of intra RNC hard HO
success initiated by RNC, due to load sharing, for services

Inter_freq_HO_load_shar_str_comp This counter reports the number of intra RNC hard HO

success initiated by RNC, due to load sharing, for services
Inter_freq_HO_load_shar_BE_comp This counter reports the number of intra RNC hard HO
success initiated by RNC, due to load sharing, for PS
interactive and background.

8. SRNS RELOCATION
The EVOLIUM UTRAN triggers SRNS relocation in the following cases:
In Cell_FACH state:
For inter-RNC cell reselection
In Cell_DCH state:
In intra-frequency inter-RNC handover (preventive case and emergency case)
In inter-frequency inter-RNC handover cases
In EVOLIUM Release R4, SRNS relocation is handled as specified in 3GPP TS 25.413 and
25.423. As lossless SRNS relocation is not supported in this release, the end-to-end reliability of data
transfer will be achieved thanks to upper layers (TCP/IP) at the end-user side.
8.1 Directed Signalling Connection Reestablishment (DSCR)
DSCR is a procedure introduced by 3GPP to cover the case of a Cell Update message received in a
RNC which has no Iur interface to the SRNC indicated in the message. The RNC receiving the
message then answers to the UE that the RRC connection cannot be maintained, since the SRNC
cannot be contacted. A RRC connection release message with cause directed signaling connection
re-establishment is sent to the UE to force the UE to trigger a Routing Area Update procedure.
When receiving this error cause, the UE establishes a new RRC connection to the RNC, then tries to
re-establish the PDP context it had with the SGSN. The SGSN releases the Iu connection towards
the old SRNC.
8.2 SRNS relocation and DSCR interworking on Iu interface
8.2.1 When the CN supports SRNS relocation
The SRNS relocation is performed, the old SRNC releases the resources associated to the call, and
the new SRNC takes over the call handling. There is a short cut in the user plane path in principle
with very limited impact since the UE is in CELL_FACH state, i.e. with low rate data transfer or no
data transfer at all.
8.2.2 When the CN does not support SRNS relocation
The SRNS relocation fails, and the SRNC recovers from that situation by sending the DSCR error
message to the UE. The UE then re-establishes the connection with the target RNC, which in turn
establishes the Iu-PS interface connection. The PDP context is normally maintained.

9. CONCLUSION
The EVOLIUM Release R5, offers the full set of mobility procedures necessary to densify a UMTS
commercial network:
Hierarchical cell structure
Intra-RNC hard handover for load sharing
Improvements of the existing intra-3G mobility procedures: soft handover, hard

handover
Thanks to the introduction of 20 reselection classes, hard handover classes, soft handover classes,
the tuning of the parameters is easier for the operator. The classes allow to fine tune mobility
procedures without the need of creating a new cell class each time few parameters need to be
changed.

10. APPENDIX A: CELL RESELECTION CRITERIA
This appendix lists the criteria used for cell selection and re-selection as defined per 3GPP TS
25.304.
The cell selection criterion S is fulfilled when:
Srxlev > 0 AND Squal > 0
With:
Squal = Qqualmeas Qqualmin
Srxlev = Qrxlevmeas - Qrxlevmin - Pcompensation
Squal: Cell Selection quality value (dB)
Srxlev: Cell Selection RX level value (dB)
Qqualmeas: Measured cell quality value. The quality of the received signal expressed in
CPICH Ec/N0 (dB)
Qrxlevmeas: Measured cell RX level value. This is received signal, CPICH RSCP for FDD
cells (dBm)
Qqualmin: Minimum required quality level in the cell (dB).
Qrxlevmin: Minimum required RX level in the cell (dBm)
Pcompensation: max(UE_TXPWR_MAX_RACH P_MAX, 0) (dB)
UE_TXPWR_MAX_RACH: Maximum TX power level an UE may use when accessing the

cell on RACH (read in SIB) (dBm)
P_MAX: Maximum RF output power of the UE (dBm)
If HCS is not used in the serving cell the UE shall perform ranking of all cells that fulfil the criterion S,
among:
- all measured cells
If HCS is used in the serving cell the UE shall perform ranking of all cells that fulfil the criterion S
among:

1. when in low-mobility:
- all measured cells that have the highest HCS_PRIO among those cells that fulfil the criterion H >= 0.
- all measured cells, not considering HCS priority levels, if no cell fulfil the criterion H >= 0.
2. when in high-mobility:
- all measured cells.
The quality level threshold criterion H for hierarchical cell structures is used to determine whether
prioritised ranking according to hierarchical cell re-selection rules shall apply, and is defined by:
Hs = Qmeas,s - Qhcss
Hn = Qmeas,n - Qhcsn TOn * Ln
If it is indicated in system information that HCS is not used, the quality level threshold criterion H is
not applied.
The cell-ranking criterion R is defined by:
Rs = Qmeas,s + Qhysts
Rn = Qmeas,n - Qoffsets,n - TOn * (1 Ln)
where:
TOn = TEMP_OFFSETn * W(PENALTY_TIMEn Tn)
Ln = 0 if HCS_PRIOn = HCS_PRIOs
Ln = 1 if HCS_PRIOn <> HCS_PRIOs
W(x) = 0 for x < 0

W(x) = 1 for x >= 0
TEMP_OFFSETn applies an offset to the H and R criteria for the duration of PENALTY_TIMEn after a
timer Tn has started for that neighbouring cell.

TEMP_OFFSETn and PENALTY_TIMEn are only applicable if the usage of HCS is indicated in
system information.
The timer Tn is implemented for each neighbouring cell. Tn shall be started from zero when one of
the following conditions becomes true:
- if HCS_PRIOn <> HCS_PRIOs and
Qmeas,n > Qhcsn
Or
- if HCS_PRIOn = HCS_PRIOs and
- for serving FDD and neighbour FDD cells if the quality measure for cell selection and reselection is set
to CPICH RSCP in the serving cell, and:
Qmeas,n > Qmeas,s + Qoffset1s,n
- for serving FDD and neighbour FDD cells if the quality measure for cell selection and reselection is set
to CPICH Ec/No in the serving cell, and:
- for all other serving and neighbour cells:
Tn for the associated neighbour cell shall be stopped as soon as any of the above conditions are no
longer fulfilled. Any value calculated for TOn is valid only if the associated timer Tn is still running else
TOn shall be set to zero.
At cell-reselection, a timer Tn is stopped only if the corresponding cell is not a neighbour cell of the
new serving cell, or if the criteria given above for starting timer Tn for the corresponding cell is no
longer fulfilled with the parameters of the new serving cell. On cell re-selection, timer Tn shall be
continued to be run for the corresponding cells but the criteria given above shall be evaluated with
parameters broadcast in the new serving cell if the corresponding cells are neighbours of the new
serving cell.
Sn Cell Selection value of the neighbouring cell, (dB)

Qmeas Quality value. The quality value of the received signal derived from the averaged
CPICH Ec/No or CPICH RSCP for FDD cells, and from the averaged received
signal level for GSM cells. For FDD cells, the measurement that is used to derive
the quality value is set by the Cell_selection_and_reselection_quality_measure
information element.

11. ANNEX B: MAIN UMTS FDD MOBILITY REPORTING EVENTS
The purpose of the section is to recall the main events that are used in UMTS FDD to trigger
measurement reports (measurement quantities varies depending on the event). All the events are
described in 3GPP TS 25.331 and only a subset of these events (the most used) is addressed in this
chapter.
The following table summarizes these events:
Event name Measurement Type Definition

Event 1A Intra-frequency A primary CPICH enters the reporting range
Event 1B Intra-frequency A primary CPICH leaves the reporting range
Event 1C Intra-frequency A non-active primary CPCIH becomes better than an
active primary CPICH
Event 1D Intra-frequency Change of Best Cell
Event 2b Inter-frequency The estimated quality of the currently used frequency is
bellow a certain threshold and the estimated quality of a
non-used frequency is above a certain threshold
Event 2c Inter-frequency The estimated quality of a non-used frequency is above
a certain threshold
Event 2d Inter-frequency The estimated quality of the currently used frequency is
bellow a certain threshold. Event 2d is split into a 2d-cm
(2d-compressed-mode) event which triggers the radio
measurements, and 2d-em (2d-emergency) event which
triggers an immediate handover execution.
Event 2f Inter-frequency The estimated quality of the currently used frequency is
above a certain threshold
Event 3a Inter-RAT The estimated quality of the currently used UTRAN
frequency is bellow a certain threshold and the estimated
quality of the other system is above a certain threshold
Event 3c Inter-RAT The estimated quality of the other system is above a
certain threshold
Event 6A UE Internal The UE Tx power becomes larger than an absolute
threshold. Event 6A is split into a 6A-cm (6A-
compressed-mode) event which triggers the radio
measurements, and 6A-em (6A-emergency) event which
triggers an immediate handover execution.
Event 6B UE Internal The UE Tx power becomes less than an absolute
threshold.
Table 8: Main UMTS FDD reporting events
A UE will return an event only if it has been previously configured by UTRAN through RRC
messages.

To each event correspond a specific threshold, a timer and a hysteresis.
End of Document


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UMTS mobility in EVOLIUM Release R5

Functional Feature Description

UMTS mobility in EVOLIUM Release R5

This document covers the following features:

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7.3 Load sharing algorithm conditions .......................................................................................47

Figure 1: Hierarchical Cell Structure................................................................................................................9

Table 1: Parameters for cell reselection procedure.......................................................................................18

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Table 6: Parameters for inter-frequency hard handover ...............................................................................42

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1.1 Alcatel References

[1] 3DC 21141 0090 TQZZA Power Control in EVOLIUM Release R4

1.2 3GPP References

3GPP Third Generation Partnership Project

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RAT Radio Access Technology

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Section 5 describes the several intra-frequency handover procedures supported

Section 6 deals with the inter-frequency handover case

Section 7 presents the intra-RNC hard handover for load sharing

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4. HIERARCHICAL CELL STRUCTURE

4.1 Multi-layer management

Multilayer management is supported on different frequencies (up to 3) or on the same frequency

Highest Hierarchical Level

Lowest Hierarchical Level

Figure 1: Hierarchical Cell Structure

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4.2 Measurement rules in HCS network for UE in idle mode

Low speed Low speed

Fast moving Fast moving

Figure 2: UE mobility state definition

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No Measurements on all intra-frequency and

No Measurements on all intra-frequency cells

Figure 3: Low speed UE intra and inter-frequency measurements rules

No Measurements on all intra-frequency and

No Measurements on all intra-frequency and

Measurements on intra-frequency cells and inter-

Figure 4: High Speed UE intra and inter-frequency measurements rules

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4.3 Cell reselection criteria

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4.4 Parameters for cell reselection

The set of parameters that constitute a reselection class are:

TCRmax, TcrmaxHyst, SsearchHCSflag, SsearchHCS , RATList.SlimitSearchRATHCS ,

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Table 1: Parameters for cell reselection procedure

4.5 Counters for cell reselection

Name Definition Network object

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Name Definition Network object

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5.1 Soft handover

Figure 5: Soft handover in RNC

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5.1.1 Soft handover Triggers