1

SECTION A
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
KEY WORDS:

CORRECT
CORRECT

BETUL/BENAR
BETUL/BENAR

TRUE
TRUE RIGHT
RIGHT
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INCORRE
CT

SALAH/TIDAK
BENAR

FALS WRON
E G

ASCENDED
ON THE RISE
MENINGKAT/KENAIKAN INCREMENT
INCREASE

DESCENDED
DROPPED
MENURUN/PENURUNA
PLUNGED
N
LESSENING
DECREASED
DECLINED

COMMON PHRASES MAKSUD

which of the following statement is... mana satukah antara pernyataan
berikut...
the most suitable... yang paling sesuai...
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the best... yang terbaik...

we know that... kita tahu bahawa
we understand that... kita faham bahawa
we can say that... kita boleh katakana bahawa...
talking about... memperkatakan tentang...
complaining about... mengadu tentang...
tells us that... memberitahu kita bahawa...
suggests that... mencadangkan bahawa...
the above --- claims that... --- di atas menyatakan bahawa...
Similar hampir sama
the word --- means... perkataan --- bermakna
the word --- in the extract refers to perkataan --- dari petikan merujuk
the... kepada...
the phrase --- means... frasa --- bermakna...
can best be replaced with... boleh digantikan dengan...
which of the following words is the manakah di antara perkataan berikut
closest in meaning to... paling hamper maksudnya dengan...
the purpose of this --- is to... tujuan ---- ini adalah untuk
the objective of the --- is to... sasaran ---- ini adalah
which of the following --- best manakah antara --- berikut paling baik
represents ... untuk mewakili...

Some common words and phrases used in:

ADVERTISEMENT

A) JOB VACANCIES
qualification Kelayakan
minimum experience Pengalaman minima
working experience Pengalaman kerja
related / relevant experience Pengalaman yang berkaitan
proficient / proficiency Tahap
...or equivalent ...atau yang setara dengannya...
curriculum vitae / resume Ringkasan pengalaman kerja
remuneration Gaji / Saraan / Pampasan
on-the-job training Latihan sewaktu bekerja
sound knowledge Pengetahuan mantap
good command of Penguasaan yang baik
communicate effectively Berkomunikasi secara berkesan
fresh graduate Graduan baru
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expected salary Gaji yang diharapkan

short-listed candidates
successful candidates
part-time / full-time
eligible/ eligibility
essential
preferable
walk-in-interview
Calon-calon yang disenaraipendek
Calon-calon yang berjaya
Separuh masa/ sepenuh masa
Layak / kelayakan
penting
Menjadi pilihan
Temuduga serta-merta

B) VEHICLES FOR SALE

negotiable / Boleh tawar-menawar
o.n.o (or near/nearest offer) Atau tawaran terdekat
accident-free Bebas-kemalangan
single owner Pemilik tunggal
tip-top condition Keadaan terbaik
good trade-in-value Nilai jual beli yang baik

C) RESTAURANTS / FOOD OUTLETS ETC

value-for-money Nilai untuk wang /berbaloi
meals Hidangan makanan
daily set lunch Set makan tengahari setiap hari
elegant setting Penetapan yang elegan
a la carte hidangan berasingan satu persatu
buffet bufet
dinner Makan malam
nightly Setiap malam
informal / formal dress code Kod pemakaian formal/ tidak formal
speedy service Perkhidmatan pantas

D) HOTELS / MOTELS / INNS

single room Bilik untuk seorang
double room Bilik berdua satu katil
twin-sharing room Bilik berdua dua katil
check in Daftar masuk
check out Daftar keluar
convenient location Lokasi yang sesuai/mudah
amenities kemudahan
valid until . Sah sehingga
for reservations Untuk tempahan
available parking Tempat letak kereta tersedia
reception kaunter
lounge Ruang hadapan hotel
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E) HOLIDAYS / TOURS
off-season package Pakej luar musim
economy rooms Bilik ekonomi
first / economy class Kelas pertama/kelas ekonomi
return ticket Tiket pergi dan balik

F) ROOMS / HOUSES TO LET

single-storey / double-storey Satu tingkat/dua tingkat
bungalow banglo
condominium / apartment Apartment/rumah pangsa
attached bathroom Bilik air di dalam bilik
roommate Rakan sebilik
privacy Privasi/ ruang peribadi masing-masing
price / rent negotiable Harga/sewa boleh dirunding
fully furnished / Perabot lengkap
partially furnished Perabot separa lengkap
unfurnished Tiada perabot
detached / semi-detached Rumah berkembar/ separa berkembar
luxurious mewah
moderate rental Sewa sederhana

G) SALES
discount / special offer / promotion Diskaun / tawaran istimewa / promosi
free / attractive gifts Percuma / hadiah menarik
while stock last Sementara stok masih ada
in a single receipt Dalam satu resit
free delivery Penghantaran percuma
rebate Rebat / potongan
promotion includes / excludes Promosi termasuk/ tidak termasuk
one-year warranty / guarantee Jaminan satu tahun
water-resistant Kalis air
festive promotion Promosi perayaan

LINES / TABLES / GRAPHS / CHARTS

trends / patterns Trend/ corak
decline / fall / deteriorate / drop / slump / penurunan
decrease / fluctuate
steadily increasing Semakin menaik
steadily decreasing Semakin menurun
sudden Secara tiba-tiba
slightly Secara sedikit
gradually Perlahan-lahan
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the least Paling sedikit

the most Paling banyak
increases / rises / goes up meningkat
great / significant besar
drastic Drastik/ mengejut
highest Paling tinggi
less than Kurang dari
more than Lebih dari
the majority of the . Majoriti daripada...
made up ..% Menyumbang kepada .....%
simultaneously serentak
composition Kandungan / terdiri daripada
well-balanced seimbang
peak Puncak / tertinggi
lowest Paling rendah

POSTERS / NOTICES / EVENTS

fee bayaran
inclusive of ...termasuk ...
limited (seats) (tempat) terhad
enrol ikut serta...
entry requirements kelayakan masuk
reservations tempahan
apply online mohon atas talian
duration tempoh
registration pendaftaran
payable boleh bayar
venue tempat 1. Look for keywords:
-cabinet for kitchen, office
Kabinet UNTUK dapur dan
pejabat
1. ADVERTISEMENT -advertiser; pengiklan

Read the advertisement and answer the question below : 2. Eliminate wrong answer:
Question 1
A. Receptionist
penyambut tetamu
A is WRONG
B. Sales Agent Ejen
penjual Maybe
C. Carpenter Tukang
Kayu Maybe
D. Chauffer Pemandu
Kereta D is
definitely wrong
So, we only have to choose
between B and C.

The correct answer is C.

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Question 2 3
Read the advertisement and answer the questions that follow :

1. Look for keywords:

-talk to someone; berckap dengan
seseorang
-solutions; penyelesaian
-problems; masalah
-help ; tolong
-offer ; tawaran

2. Eliminate wrong answer:

E. Jawapan untuk
permasalahan kamu;
MAYBE
F. A talk; sebuah ceramah
NO - WRONG
Question 4
G. Resepi kejayaan -
Read the advertisement below and answer the following question.
Heart to Heart WRONG
H. Cara mengatasi Masalah
Need to talk to someone? Hati Heart Problems
Find a solution to your problems. biasanya merujuk kepada
Call help line: 012-456 3218 masalah kesihatan hati. -
Aunt Clara will try to help you. WRONG
The correct answer is A.
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4. What does the advertisement offer?

A An answer to your troubles
B A talk about teenage problems
C Aunt Claras recipe for success
D A way to overcome heart problems

Question 5
Read the advertisement below and answer the question that follows.

HEAVENLY TRAVELS is celebrating its

25th ANNIVERSARY

40% discount Pulau Tioman and Pulau Sipadan

Offer : - First 100 customers. Grab the offer now!

5. Heavenly Travels is offering discount because

A. it is the companys 25th anniversary.
B. only 100 people will take up the offer.
C. it wants to reward those who come early.
D. the places mentioned are popular islands.

2. CARTOON / COMIC STRIPS

Question 1
Read the cartoon and answer the question that follow:
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Question 2
Read the cartoon and answer the question below :
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Question 3
Read the cartoon strip and answer the question that follow:
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3. SHORT TEXTS / ARTICLES

Question 1
Read the article below and answer the question that follows.

Ponggal, a festival celebrated by the Tamils throughout the world was given an
extensive coverage by both Malaysian Nanban and Tamil Nesan. Both the dailies had
declared a days holiday for their staff in conjunction with the occasion. The festival was
a celebration of paddy harvesting by farmers in Tamil Nadu.

1 Based on news report above, Malaysia Nanban and Tamil Nesan are
A names of societies
B names of newspapers
C celebrations of paddy harvesting
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Question 2
Read the recipe below and answer the following question.

Fruit Punch Ingredients

Fruits of your choice

2 tablespoons of sugar
glass of soda water
Lots of ice-cubes
Pieces of lemon for decoration

2 Which of the ingredients is optional?

A Sugar
B Lemon
C Ice-cubes
D Soda water

Question 3
Study the information below and answer the question that follows.

SMAT Automatic Gate

With the worlds first multi-function control panel, this smart gate comes with 5 easy-to-control key buttons on a remote control:
Button #1: Opens both sides of the gate
Button #2: Opens one side of the gate
Button #3: Switches on pillar lights
Button #4: Optional button for installation of alarm
Button #5: Motion detection (option to install own sensor)

3. Which of the following is not a function of the SMAT automatic gate?

A. It can be used to control the pillar lights.
B. The first button opens both sides of the gate.
C. It provides an option to install your own alarm.
D. The second button enables both sides of the gate to close.

Question 4
Read the article below and answer the question that follows.
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Children Arts Competition

mpetition is open to all children between the ages of 6 and 12. The campaign aims to raise awareness about endangered animals with the hope of reducing

4. Based on the information in the article, what can people do to protect endangered
animals?
A. Go and visit the zoo
B. Teach children how to draw pictures
C. Avoid buying products made from wildlife
D. Organise art competitions for children

Question 5
Read the text below and answer the following question.

MILK: THE PERFECT FOOD

In the first few months of her life, your baby will get all the nutrients she requires
from breast or formula milk.

Calories: The energy content of food is measured in calories. Infants require

around two-and-a-half to three times more calories than adults for their body weight.

Carbohydrates: These are the principal source of calories.

Protein: This is essential for building body tissue. A babys protein requirement is
three times as great as an adults on the basis of body weight.

Fats: Minute traces of fatty acids are needed for growth and cell repair.

5. Calories are
A. the basis of body weight
B. the energy content of food
C. the principal source of protein
D. the acids needed for growth and cell repair

4. TABLES & GRAPHS

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Question 1

Study the bar graph on the sales of cars for three years and answer the question that follows.

1. The bar graph shows that

A. sales for Model M increased in 2003
B. sales for Model N dropped sharply in 2003
C. sales for Model N were the highest in 2003
D. sales for Model M rose steadily from 2001 to 2003

Question 2
Study the pie chart below and answer the question that follows.

2. From the pie chart we know that

A. the boys of 5Waja prefer indoor activities to outdoor activities
B. the boys of 5Waja prefer outdoor activities to indoor activities
C. nearly half of the boys in 5Waja are not in favour of sport
D. nearly half of the boys in 5Waja are in favour of planting flowers

Question 3 - 4
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Study the weather chart below and answer the following questions.

Min(C) Max (C)

Amsterdam 02 06 Cloudy
Auckland 13 25 Partly cloudy
Bangkok 25 34 Partly cloudy
Beijing -12 -04 Partly cloudy
Berlin -06 -01 Partly cloudy
Brussels 01 04 Cloudy
Cairo 08 18 Clear
Copenhagen 00 01 Cloudy
Dublin 01 06 Partly cloudy
Frankfurt -01 03 Cloudy
Geneva -04 04 Clear
Hanoi 19 23 Cloudy
Hong Kong 17 19 Cloudy
Islamabad 03 17 Partly cloudy
Jakarta 24 28 Rain
Johannesburg 10 16 Rain
Kuala Lumpur 23 33 Clear
London -01 06 Partly cloudy

3. In which of the cities mentioned can one go out for a picnic?

A Kuala Lumpur
B Johannesburg
C Berlin
D Jakarta

4. Which city experiences the coldest temperature?

A Berlin
B Beijing
C Geneva
D Copenhagen

5. BANNERS / SIGNS / LABELS

Question 1
Read the sign below and answer the question that follows.
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YOUR MOST SUITABLE

POST
Can be found in
Mega Recruitment

3 Which of the statement best explains the sign above?

A You can post your letter here
B You can find a suitable sign post here
C You can find a suitable job in this company

Question 2
Study the sign below and answer the following question.
PARK AT YOUR
OWN RISK

4 The notice warns that

A it is risky to park here
B no one should park here at all time
C there are drug addicts around the area
D the motorists will be totally responsible for their own vehicles

Question 3
Study the sign below and answer the question that follow :

MEN AT WORK

3. This sign is usually seen at

A. an office especially for men workers
B. a place where construction work is going on
C. a place where only men are working at the time
D. an office to inform people not to disturb the men who are working
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Question 4
Study the following label and answer the question

. 4. The label on the bottle means that

A. the product is not only for young children
CAUTION! B. this product is liked by most young children
C. young children should not play with this
Keep out of
product
reach of young D. this product is specially made for young
children children

Question 5
Read the notice below and answer the question that follows.

Tickets sold are not transferable

or refundable

5. According to the notice, those who

A. buy the tickets have to use them
B. sell their tickets cannot transfer them
C. are not satisfied can get their money back
D. cannot come can pass their tickets to a friend

Question 6
Read the banner below and answer the question that follow :
WARNING
CIGARETTES CAUSE LUNG CANCER

85% of lung cancers are caused by smoking. 80% of lung cancer victims die
within 3 years

6. What is the message in the banner?

A. Stop smoking; it is bad for health.
B. Smokers will develop black lungs.
C. All smokers will die of lung cancer.
D. If you smoke, you will die within 3 years.
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6. NEWSPAPER REPORTS
Read the newspaper report and answer the question that follow :

Question 1

1. From the report, we know donors bones are used to

A. help burn victims
B. replace the cornea
C. treat vatious diseases
D. alleviate bone ailments

Question 2
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Question 5
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SECTION A (Q9-15)

RATIONAL CLOZE

TIPS AND TECHNIQUES

Try to identify the most prominent tenses

Cuba kenalpasti jenis tenses yang paling kerap

digunakan

Eliminate the wrong answers first

Pangkah mana-mana jawapan yang anda pasti

adalah salah

SOME BASIC GRAMMAR RULES

TO + ORIGINAL ; selepas perkataan to, mesti guna kata

kerja yg asal.

EXAMPLE: TO GO, TO PLAY, TO READ, TO BUY

EXAMPLE: WILL GO, SHALL BUY, MUST READ, MAY NOT

COME...

MODALS + ORIGINAL ; selepas modals, mesti guna kata

kerja asal.

CONTOH MODALS: will, will not, can, cannot, shall, shall

not, would, would not, etc

FOR + ing: for listening, for paying, for watching

BY + ing: by doing, by having, by thanking....

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EXERCISE 1
SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

The simple present tense is used to indicate

1. instructions, directions, commands
e.g. 1 Come here!
2. Add the flour to the mixture

2 Habitual actions
e.g. 1. I eat two slices of bread for breakfast.
2. Molly jogs in the park everyday.

3. Universal truths
e.g. 1. The earth moves around the sun.
2. A chicken lays eggs.

Fill in the blanks with the correct answers.

Go love crawl eat Swim Has Walks play goes drives sleep
s s s
Do sets shine walk Danc Cut Likes turn rises watch add
s e

1. I _______ everyday.
2. She ________to school everyday.
3. My brother and I _________ our homework at night.
4. We __________ when we are hungry.
5. They ________ football every Saturday.
6. John _________ in the swimming pool in Sitiawan.
7. The sun _______ in the east and _______ in the west.
8. _______ right at the junction.
9. The boys _______ the trees.
10. The teacher __________ to scold the naughty boy.
11. Ali, Ahmad and Leeli ________ a movie at the cinema.
12._________ in the eggs.
13. The moon _________ at night.
14. An elephant ________ a long trunk.
15. The children _________ gracefully.
16. My father _______ to work every morning.
17. The beggar _______ with a limp.
18. He ______ his wife very much.
19. _______ straight and _______ into Jalan Imbi.
20. The snake ________ into the house.

EXERCISE 2
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PAST TENSE

1. Past tense is used to convey a message that the incident occurred in the past.

Examples : Mr. Nathan went to California last year.

It was very quiet. Merlyn tip-toed into the house but she was
caught by her mum who was at her room.

2. Past tense is also used to talk about the general past, and about regular or
habitual actions done in the past.

Examples: Noraini migrated to New Zealand ten years ago.

Pak Mat and his friends lived by the sea when they were young.

They often faced a lot of problems during the monsoon season.

A. Complete the chart below by filling in the past tense.

Present tense Past tense
1. say
2. come
3. find
4. eat
5. drink
6. see
7. buy
8. play
9. try
10. go
11. fly
12. sing
13. stand
14. ask
15 sit

B. Fill in the blanks with the simple past tense.

1. Tunku Abdul Rahman ..( be) born on February 8, 1903.

2. The king . (travel) all over the country meeting people from all
walks of life to promote unity.

3. Tun Razak (join) the Malayan Civil Service.

4. Lieutenant Basir .(join) the Selangor Military Forces as a cadet

when he was nineteen years old.

5. Tun Hussein . (win) the general elections in 1969.

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EXERCISE 3
PREPOSITIONS
Prepositions of Place
- To indicate the position of a subject.
Against beside Between behind under
opposite outside in front of inside on
At above In next to

1. The hospital is .. our school.

2. He hid the bridge.
3. The boy leant . the tree while watching the game.
4. Amin sits .. Anuar.
5. Do not stand your partner.
6. Iskandar loves to sit his mother while watching television.
7. You can find the paper .. the books.
8. This is only .. you and me.
9. We hang the picture .. the bookshelf.
10.We went for a picnic .. the beach.
11.My father puts the key .. the table.
12.Meet me Langkasuka Parade.
13.All his money is . that wallet.
14.The wall is still wet, do not lean .. it.
15.Do not jump . the bed.
16.The boy is giving a speech .. his classmates.
17.The whales are found . the ocean.
18.Superman can fly the high building.
19.The children were locked .. the room.
20.My brother noticed someone our house.

Prepositions of Time
- To indicate when something happens.

after during Since on at

before by Within when for

1. They went home .. the seminar.

2. The students fell asleep . the boring lecture.
3. They have been working on this project .. two years.
4. You must complete the essay this week.
5. The oldest person in the world was born . February 21, 1875.
6. She has been teaching me English .. three years.
7. We have known each other . we were in college.
8. Ana left school .. she was ten.
9. I want to see you eleven oclock this morning.
10.My grandfather was alive .. the First World War.
11.Lock the door leaving the room.
12.Azman had been standing there . hours.
13.Mr Tan came back home .. a long holiday in Langkawi.
14.I have been staying here .. 1987.
15.No one is allowed to talk . the exam.
16.Please hand in your homework ten oclock in the morning.
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17.Dont forget to wash your hands . every meal.

18.The meeting was over . the time Angel came in.
19.She completed all the questions the given time.
20.I have been here . some time.

Prepositions of Direction
- to indicate where someone or something is going or moving to
from across Along up around
over into Under down towards
through to out of past

1 He swam . the bridge.

2 They rowed the boat the river.
3 Vijay is walking .. Jalan Duta.
4 They are running . the playground.
5 The frog jumped one rock to another.
6 The boy crawled the narrow tunnel.
7 The lady is running . the bridge.
8 We walked .. the waterfall.
9 The beggar is walking .. the doorway.
10 Paul walked the room.
11 The class becomes quiet when the discipline teacher walks .. the
classroom.
12 The postman slides the letter .. the door.
13 The athletes race .. the finish line after the whistle is blown.
14 We walked . the shore looking for seashells.
15 Some workers are putting the empty bottles cardboard boxes.
16 I see an aeroplane flying my house.
17 Jimmy is walking . the stairs.
18 The cat jumped .. the fence.
19 The scouts walked .. the tunnel.
20 The jet plane flew . the sky.

EXERCISE 4
LINKERS

Answer all the questions by choosing the correct answers.

1. The sky was cloudy. ___________ (Later, Furthermore)it started to rain.

2. After working hard all day, __________ (besides, finally) he fell asleep.

3. __________ (Then, Besides) my parents, my uncle is also going for the trip.

4. I dont like the colour of the dress. ____________ (Furthermore, Later) it is too small.

5. He didnt like the movie _________ (eventually, so) he left the theater.

6. We went to the field. __________(However, Then) we played football.

7. The doctor was out. __________ (Therefore, Later) we had to look for another doctor.
 25

8. Hasnul was happy. __________ (Besides, So) was Rahim.

9. Sally wanted to play. __________(Then, However) she was very sick.

10. Ah Lee did not want to go out. _________(Eventually, So) did Mrs Chee.

11. My computer broke down yesterday. __________( Finally, Thus) I was unable to send
any e-mail.

12. ________ (First, So) get an envelope. Then, paste a stamp on it.

13. Ali reported the theft to the police. __________ (However, Consequently) the thief was
caught.

14. The teacher is very helpful. ___________ (Then, As a result) many students like her.

15. Kamal broke the vase. His mother scolded him. ___________ (In addition, Thus) he had
to do the housework for a week.

16.Hafizul doesnt like Mathematics. He never does his homework. ___________ (As a
result, First) the teacher punishes him.

17. Dalila brought the kitten home. _________ ( So, Later) she gave it some milk.

18. If you eat too much sweets, you will spoil your teeth. ___________ (However,
Furthermore) you will gain weight.

19. Kim Moi switches off all the lights. ________ (Then, However) she locks the door before
she goes to work.

20. Gopal saved some money every month. __________ (Eventually, Furthermore) he was
able to buy a lorry.

EXERCISE 5
PHRASAL VERBS
Example:
Verb + Adverb is called a phrasal verb.
Sit ( verb ) + down ( adverb ) = come down
Sentence : The little girl sits down on the floor and cries.

eat up hand in put out seek for give up

switch on broke into paid off take away stop by
wake up put on turn up catch up turn in
put up check out ask out come over knocked
down

Underline the correct answers.

1. You must study very hard. You must not (give up/give away) easily.
 26

2. My effort has (paid up/paid off) well.

3. Please (switch on/ close off) the lights.

4. The windscreen (broke into/broke out) pieces last night.

5. I will give you a pill to (take away/pull out) the pain.

6. Ali must (come over/turn up) early for the football practice this afternoon.

7. All students should (put on/put out) proper shoes during practice.

8. I ( wake up/wake on) early every morning.

9. Aminah will (give over/come over) later for a cup of coffee.

10. The lorry (knocked down/knocked out) the old man when he was crossing the road.

11. When do we have to (hand out/hand in) our work?

12. Susie (put on/put up) at Marys place for a few days while she searched for a place to
rent.

13. You better run and (catch up/catch on) with him or you have to wait until tonight to
see him.

14. (Eat in/Eat up) while the food is hot.

15. Rajesh wants to (ask out/ask up) Vasanthi on a date, but he is afraid she will say no.

16. If you have the time, why dont you (come over/cross over) to my house tomorrow?

17. Its getting late. I think I want to (turn in/turn on) now because I am tired.

18. The police (seeks out/seeks in) information about the kidnapping.

19. We will (check off/check out) of the hotel at noon.

20. The firemen managed to (put away/put out) the fire.

EXERCISE 6
CONJUNCTIONS

Choose and underline the best answer.

1. He is old ( and, but) he is still active.

2. Amin waited for Musa for more than an hour. (Since, However) Musa did not turn
up.
3. Mr. Tan could not recognize me (if, as) he has not seen me for two years.
4. Please do not call me at home (so, unless) it is an emergency.
 27

5. The coach (besides, as well as) his players are confident of winning the game
tonight.
6. You can (either, neither) wear the cotton shirt (or, nor) the silk shirt.
7. (Yet, Since) it is a holiday, we are going to the beach for a swim.
8. (Although, Since) he did not sleep well last night, he still go to work early.
9. You cannot see the man now (although, because) he is hidden by the trees.
10.Pn. Hasnah likes to cook (but, because)she does not like to wash dishes.

Complete the sentences by choosing a suitable conjunction from the box.

and since that or because until

while but so unless

1. Do you want pencils _____ pens?

2. My new pet is small _____ cute.
3. He is very handsome ______ he is so rude.
4. I was late this morning ______ I woke up late.
5. Lets have a party ______ its the last day of school.
6. I was such in a hurry _____ I forgot to call you.
7. Ramlah reads a book _____ waiting for the rice to cook.
8. She will not go ______ her father let her.
9. It was very hot, ______ she switched on the fan.
10.I will keep on trying _____ I can get the answers.
PERSONAL REFLEXIVE POSSESIVE
Subject (A) Object (B)
I me Myself My / mine EXERCISE
you you Yourself / yourselves Your / yours 7
he him Himself His RULES OF
she her Herself Her / hers
it it Itself Its
we us Ourselves Our / ours
they them Themselves Their / theirs

PRONOUNS

Fill in the blanks with the most suitable pronouns.

A few of the singers and dancers had seen a strange man in the Opera House. The
man always wore a black cloak. ____(1)____ always wore a white mask over ___(2)_____
 28

face. ___(3)_____ never spoke to anybody. The singers and dancers named ____(4)____,
The Phantom of the Opera.
Have ___(5)_____ seen ___(6)_____? a young dancer asked one of the singers.
Yes, ___(7)_____ saw ___(8)_____ last week, the singer replied.
Tell ___(9)_____ about ___(10)_____, said the dancer.
___(11)_____ was tall and thin, said the pretty singer. ___(12)_____ was wearing a
black cloak.
Was ___(13)_____ ugly or was he handsome? asked the dancer.

___(14)_____ dont know, the singer said. ___(15)_____ was wearing a white mask
over ___(16)_____ face. There were two holes in the mask, but I couldnt see ___(17)_____
eyes.

Were ___(18)_____ frightened? asked the dancer.

Yes, ____(19)____ was very frightened! said the singer quickly. ____(20)____ eyes
were shining. ___(21)_____ was very excited.

Adapted from The Phantom of the Opera, Just English,Vol. 3 Issue 4

EXERCISE 8
RULES OF ARTICLES

ARTICLES USAGE
Is used with words beginning
A with a consonant sound
(b,c,d,f,h,j,k,l,m,n,p,q,r,s,t,v,w
,x,y,z)
Before a silent H
An is used with words
AN beginning with a vowel of
a,e,i,o,u
Refer to class
Refer to countries
Refer to specific thing or
person
THE Refer to a noun mentioned a
second time
Used before nouns only one
of their kind
Before superlatives
Before name of places
Before a musical instrument

Fill in the blanks with the most suitable pronouns.

VITAMIN C ALL DAY LONG

Vitamin C, ___(1)____ water soluble vitamin, cannot be stored in ___(2)____ body.
With __(3)_____ plasma half life of only half ___(4)____ hour, vitamin C is rapidly
eliminated from the body via ___(5)____ urine.
 29

To obtain ___(6)____ benefits of vitamin C in the same way our ancestors did, we
would have to suck an orange all day long or take small doses of vitamin C several times
___(7)____ day.
This is of course impractical. ___(8)____ solution is to take a high strength sustained
release tablet of vitamin C.
Sustained-release tablets, also called time-release tablets, are formulated to
release their contents over a period of time.
In ___(9)____ case of sustained-release vitamin C, ___(10)____ active ingredient is
embedded in __(11)_____ insoluble matrix. ___(12)____ vitamin C is then slowly released
through ___(13)____ holes in this matrix.
This means fewer tablets to take whilst maintaining ___(14)____ constant supply of
vitamin C to ___(15)____ body. It will then be receiving vitamin C all day long in
___(16)____ same way our ancestors did.
Besides these obvious benefits, sustained-release tablets of vitamin C also results
in less gastric irritation and better bioavailability.
Conventional tablets dissolve rapidly once taken and results in ___(17)____ high
concentration of vitamin C in ___(18)____ stomach for ___(19)____ very short time.
__(20)_____ resulting high acidity causes gastric irritations in sensitive individuals.
Taken from New Straits Times,Tuesday,May 22,2007

Rational Cloze (A)

Read the following passage and choose the best answer. Then circle the answer A
, B , C or D.

That morning, my friend Muthu and I cycled to Bukit Indah. There was a long
and winding stretch of road ..(1).. the top. It was surely a hard and tiring uphill
yet an enjoyable one. The ..(2).. we went, the steeper it got. The view here was
just spectacular. The cool mountain air ..(3).. us as we reached the summit.

We spent our time relaxing in a small park there. Then it was time to ..(4)
.. The ride was easier now as we ..(5).. downhill. I really felt like a
professional racer as I negotiated each sharp bend. I challenged Muthu to a race to
the foothills. I pedalled as fast as I could. I felt the cold wind rushing towards ..(6)
.., forcing my cheeks to cling to the bones so tightly that I had to grit my teeth as
we pushed on; faster and faster down the road.

I was like the wind, knowing no ..(7)... Just ahead, yet another bend. I
slowly applied the brakes. To my horror, the brakes did not respond.

TIPS! > What type of passage is it?

> Is the verb used in the first sentence present or past tense?
> Read the sentence before and after the blanks.

1. A. to 4. A. return 7. A. bounds
B. by B. returns B.
C. on C. returned challenge
D. at D. was returning C. danger
D. memory

2. A. high 5. A. went
B. higher B. had gone
 30

B. highest C. would go
C. too high D. were going

3. A. greet 6. A. I
B. greets B. me
C. greeted C. my
D. had greeted D. mine

Rational Cloze (B)

Read the following passage and choose the best answer. Then circle the answer A
, B , C or D.

Cautiously, I opened the door and peered into the darkness. I was surprised
..(1).. I remembered leaving a light on. Now everything was in darkness. Then I
heard the sound of a metal object dropping ..(2).. the floor. I grabbed a
torchlight which was lying in a corner of my room. ..(3).. I tiptoed downstairs.
The sound seemed to have come from the sitting-room. As I opened the door, the
lights ..(4).. came on. I was momentarily blinded but that didnt stop me. I felt
someone in front of me and ..(5).. hit out with the torchlight using all my
strength. There was a thud, followed by a howl of pain. Too late! I recognized my
father. He was holding the arm ..(6).. I had hit. My mother was standing behind
my father, looking shocked.

Apparently, my parents had just come back to ..(7).. the house in

darkness. I apologised for my mistake but my parents were glad I was alert enough
in their absence.

TIPS! > What type of passage is it?

> Is the verb used in the first sentence present or past tense?
> Read the sentence before and after the blanks.

1. A. or 5. A. I
B. but B. me
C. and C. my
D. because D. mine

2. A. to 6. A. that
B. of B. why
C. on C. when
D. by D. where

3. A. First 7. A. find
B. Then B. finds
C. Meanwhile C. found
D. Afterwards D. was finding

4. A. completely
B. suddenly
C. certainly
 31

D. quietly
 32

Rational Cloze (C)

Read the following passage and choose the best answer. Then, circle A, B, C or D on
the answer sheet.

Shaking hands is a widely recognized custom. Some people do it on

[9]_________ conceivable occasion; others avoid it as if afraid of being tainted with
some unexplained incurable skin disease or some other unexplained reason. There
are [10]________ forms of greeting like a bear hug, kissing the cheeks or exchanging
bows and curtseys but then , to each his own. The habit of shaking hands is not
[11]_________ its perils. Hearty hand shakers will propel your hand up and down like
a pump and [12]_________ wrench your arm from its socket. Others will seize your
fingers in an octopus-like grip which leaves them numbed for hours on
[13]__________, and if you should be unfortunate enough to be wearing a ring, it can
prove to be a most painful experience. It is not unknown for slender fingers to be
[14]_________. Some appear reluctant to release a hand once they possess it and
resist all efforts to withdraw it. Then there are those who withdraw their hand too
quickly for you just to glance off your fingertips against theirs. It is sometimes
claimed that you can assess a person's character by the pressure of the clasp
exerted, a strong handshake being indicative of trustworthiness and dependability
[15]_________ a sloppy one of weakness and insincerity. As my wrist is encased in
plaster as a consequence of one of the more vigorous forms of greeting, I reserve
my comments.

9. A Each 13. A ends

B Every B ending
C One C end
D All D ended

10. A Alternate 14. A break

B Alternatives B broke
C Alternative C broken
D Alternating D breaking

11. A With 15. A and

B For B so
C Of C then
D Without D besides

12. A also
B so
C then
D almost
 33

SECTION B : INFORMATION TRANSFER

TIPS AND TECHNIQUES
TIPS AND TECHNIQUES

Read and understand the given text clearly.

Baca
Baca dan fahami petikan/
dan fahami petikan/ bahan
bahan rangsangan
rangsangan dengan
dengan jelas.
jelas.

Read and understand the questions well.

Baca
Baca dan
dan fahami
fahami soalan
soalan dengan
dengan baik
baik

Make sure you know what the questions ask for.

Pastikan anda faham kehendak soalan

Do
Do not
not be
be hasty
hasty in answering as
in answering as there
there may be many
may be many close
close answers
answers

Jangan tergesa-gesa memilih jawapan kerana mungkin banyak jawapan yg

hampir sama.

Look for the key words in the given text, appropriate to the questions.

Cari kata kunci dalam petikan, yang sesuai dengan soalan.

Transfer the answers as required by the questions.

Pindahkan jawapan seperti

Pindahkan jawapan seperti yang
yang diminta dlm soalan.
diminta dlm soalan.

Answers
Answers should
should be
be brief
brief and
and short.
short.

Jawapan
Jawapan perlu
perlu pendek
pendek dan
dan ringkas
ringkas

Make sure there are no spelling errors.

Pastikan tiada kesalahan ejaan.

Use
Use capital
capital letters
letters for
for the
the Proper
Proper Nouns
Nouns

Gunakan huruf besar untuk Kata Nama Khas

Common Keywords
 34

Consolation
Entrance fee
Venue - Organiser - Prizes -
Date - Tarikh - Bayaran
Tempat Penganjur Hadiah
masuk
Saguhati
Registration
Benefits /
fee - Duration - Sponsors - Partners -
advantages
Bayaran tempoh Penaja Usahasama
- Kelebihan
pendaftaran
Some important details to take note:

Numbers Nombor / bilangan

Telephone numbers Nombor telefon
Date Tarikh
Number of Days Bilangan hari
Places Tempat
Price Harga
Cost Kos
Name Nama
Number of people Bilangan orang
Time Masa
Activities Aktiviti
Details of item Huraian item
Address Alamat
Emails/sites Email/laman

ANALYSIS OF PAST YEAR QUESTIONS

Year Text Task Task Type
Type
2005 One text Book review Completing
table,
A book review is given. Students have
to complete a table using information Completing
from the book review. sentences

2006 One text Poster Diagram/

A poster is given. Students have to Table/

complete a table using information
from the poster. Mapping

2007 Multi text Different types of Mushrooms Completing

s table,
Information on the different types of
mushrooms and their benefits Completing
 35

sentences

2008 Multi text History of Olympics Completing

s table,
Information on the history of the
Olympics is given. Students have to Completing
complete a table using information on sentences
the history of the Olympics.

2009 One text Book review Completing

table,
A book review is given. Students have
to complete a table using information Completing
from the book review. sentences

2010 One text Poster Diagram/

A poster is given. Students have to Table/

complete a table using information
from the poster. Mapping

2011 One text Advertisement Diagram/

Advertisement of a resort and its Table/

services is given. Students have to
complete a table using information Mapping
from the advertisement.

2012 One text The Role of Fluids Completing

table,
Information on the role of fluid is
given. Students have to complete a Completing
table using information on different sentences
roles of fluids.

2013 One text Poster Science World Digest Completing

table,
A poster is given. Students have to
complete a table using information Filling in the
from the poster. blank

2014 One text Bungalow Unit

A passage advertising bungalow units. Completing

Students have to complete the
 36

timetable given. table

 37

SET 1
Questions 1-10

Readthefollowingmoviereviewandcompletethetablethatfollow

Thor: The Dark World

(Action & Adventure, Science Fiction & Fantasy)

Directed by: Alan Taylor

Starring: Chris Hemsworth, Natalie Portman, Tom Hiddleston
Music composed by: Brian Tyler
Written By: Christopher Yost, Christopher Markus, Stephen McFeely, Don Payne
Running time: 120 minutes
Prequel: Thor
Rating: PG-13
US Box Office Collection: 147 Million Us

Storyline:
The adventures of Thor, the Mighty Avenger, continue as he battles to save Earth and all
the Nine Realms from a shadowy enemy that predates the universe itself. In the aftermath
of Marvel's "Thor" and "Marvel's The Avengers," Thor fights to restore order across the
cosmos but an ancient race led by the vengeful Malekith returns to plunge the universe
back into darkness. Faced with an enemy that even Odin and Asgard cannot withstand,
Thor must embark on his most perilous and personal journey yet, one that will reunite him
with Jane Foster and force him to sacrifice everything to save us all.

Reviews:

1. Thor: The Dark World is better than the original hybrid of science fiction and fantasy
powered by a pair of magnetic performances and leavened with a number of truly witty
moments.

2. Worth watching it for the few emotional moments that really work, and advancement of
the Marvel world. Tom Hiddleston proves to be good in playing the role as Loki in
every scene he's in.
Questions 1-10
 38

Using the information from the movie review, write short answers in the spaces provided.

DO NOT WRITE;
Director 1. Alan Taylor - Directed by Alan Taylor
- by Alan Taylor
- alan taylor
2. Action & Adventure, Science Fiction & Fantasy
Type of movie
--- you can choose just one type or list down all the types

3. Christopher Yost, Christopher Markus, Stephen McFeely,

Don Payne
Writers
--- you must list down the name of all the WRITERS

4. Chris Hemsworth, Natalie Portman, Tom Hiddleston

Lead actor
--- you can choose one ACTOR or list down all the ACTORS

Music composer 5. Brian Tyler

Storyline:

Thor must fight against 6. Malekith and his race of Dark Elves to protect all the nine realms and
to 7. restore order across the universe. However, Thor must undergo the most 8. perilous and
personal journey before he could be with Jane Foster and save us all.
- Look at the words before
and after the blanks and
try to match them with
Reviewers opinion of the movie: information or words
from the poster.

It is worth watching the movie for the 9. few emotional moments, engaging
performances, sweeping and smartly paced story.

10. Tom Hiddleston gave an impressive performance in the movie.

(10marks)
 39

SET 2
Questions 1-10

Read the following poster and complete the organizer that follows.

FREE FREE
ENTRY GIFT

The 2nd Malaysia International Food & Beverage Festival

18 - 20 January 2013
Mid Valley Exhibition Centre,
BUY &
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Noodles & Pastas LUCKY
WIN DRAW

Sauces & Convenient &

Seasoning Instant Food

Sweet & Meat & Poultry

Confectionery

Endorsed by:
Brought to you by:
Fairs & Events Management

Tel : 03 5636 1788

Ministry
Fax: 03 5637 2788 of Tourism and Culture of
enquiries@femsb.com Malaysia

Strategic Partners:

Fabulous Food 1Malaysia

ifc
ipoh food channel

THE FOOD SHOW YOU CANT MISS

 40

Question 1 -10

Using the information from the poster given, complete the graphic organizer below.

MALAYSIA FOOD
FESTIVAL 2013

Organiser: Entrance fee:

1. ___________________________ 4. ___________________________

Venue: Supported by:

2. ______________________________ 5. ______________________________
______________________________ ______________________________

Duration: How to contact the organiser:

3. ___________________________ 6. _____________________________

7. _____________________________

Partners:

8. ______________________________________________

9. ______________________________________________

Slogan:

10. ______________________________________________________

(10 marks)
 41

SET 3 10
Read the following brochure and answer the questions that follow.

ATTRACTIONS
The Beginning

The LEGOLAND experience starts at The Beginning, the entrance area to the park. The Big Shop offers
the largest selection of LEGO toys in Asia.

Miniland Imagination
(Asia in LEGO Bricks) (Where LEGO knows no limits)

The miniature world of Miniland turns children
into giants and is the centrepiece of every
LEGOLANDPark. Asias most famous countries,
cities and landmarks are recreated on a scale of
1:20, using more than 30 million LEGO bricks.
All of the models are animated, so visitors can
bring LEGO figures, trains and aeroplanes to
life at the touch of a button.
At the Build and Test Centre, LEGO inventors can
bring their imagination to life and find out if their
creations really could work. There are thousands of
LEGO bricks for experimenting, testing, and building.
Inventors can construct and race cars, and test their
buildings on the earthquake table. Children in particular
will love DUPLO Express, The Observation Tower,
DUPLO Playtown and The Kids Power Tower.

LEGO Technic LEGO Kingdom

(High speed rides and high tech LEGO ) (Where legends come to life in LEGO)

The highlight is taking a test drive on the Parks
fastest ride, Project X, a roller coaster with a
steep switchback track. Each car takes 4 riders
on a wild ride up to 18 metres above the ground.
The Technic Twister lets visitors spin a wheel to
control how crazy their ride will be. Its twelve
colourful LEGO pods can take 60 people at a
time on a highly geared whirlwind ride.
The Dragon roller coaster takes riders deep inside the
royal castle on a journey into the Middle Ages. With two
fire-breathing dragons to ride, up to 600 visitors each
hour can take on its twists and turns. The Dragons
Apprentice offers younger guests a taste of what to
expect when they are big and brave enough to ride The
Dragon.

Land of Adventure LEGO City

(A daring journey into ancient LEGO worlds)
(A LEGO world where children really take control)

Dino Island takes visitors on a canoe voyage
through a forgotten time. Explorers pass rocky
outcrops, man-eating plants and a dinosaur
lagoon. A twelve-metre high waterfall is the only
way down, and theres no escape without getting
wet. In Lost Kingdom everyone can play the role
an adventure hero in a laser-blasting hunt for
hidden treasure.
Teams of families race each other to put out the fire in
the Rescue Academy. This is a worldwide LEGOLAND
favourite, where fire-fighters big and small power their
trucks by pumping levers up and down. At LEGOLAND
Malaysia there are now police vehicles as well as fire
trucks. The Driving School offers children a unique
chance to drive on a true-to-life traffic circuit. They have
to steer their LEGO cars past signs, traffic lights and
other drivers to qualify for their very own licence.

Questions 1 5
Using the information from the brochure, complete the table below.
 42

Themed Area Attraction Activity

1. ______________________ The Big Shop 4. ______________________

LEGO City The Driving School Obtaining a driving licence

LEGO Kingdom 3. _____________________ Taking rides

2. ______________________ Dino Island Canoeing

Imagination The Build and Test Centre 5. ______________________

[5 marks]
Questions 6 10
Based on the information given, write short answers in the spaces provided.

6. What is the major attraction in LEGO Technic?

[1 mark]

7. Where would a competitive family go for a good fun?

..
[1 mark]

8. Which activity allows one to experience the adventure of a treasure hunter?

..
[1 mark]

9. Why would a child go to The Driving School?

..
[1 mark]

10. How does a person control The Technic Twister?

..
[1 mark]

SET 4
Questions 1 10
 43

Read the following biography and answer the questions that follow.

Steve Jobs was the co-founder and CEO of Apple and formerly Pixar. He was born in San
Francisco, California to Joanne Simpson and a Syrian father. Paul and Clara Jobs of
Mountain View, California then adopted him. In 1972, Jobs graduated with a diploma from
Homestead High School in Cupertino, California and enrolled in Reed College in Portland,
Oregon. One semester later, he had dropped out.

Steve Jobs had a deep-seated interest in technology, so he took up a job at Atari Inc, then a
leading manufacturer of video games. He struck a friendship with fellow designer Steve
Wozniak and attended meetings of the Homebrew Computer Club with him. After saving
up some money, Jobs took off for India in the search of enlightenment. Once he returned,
he convinced Wozniak to quit his job at Hewlett Packard to join him in his venture that
concerned personal computers. They sold items like scientific calculators to raise the seed
capital.

In 1976, Jobs and Wozniak founded Apple Computer in the Jobs family garage. The first
personal computer was sold for $666.66. By 1980, Apple had already released three
improved versions of the personal computer. It had a wildly successful IPO, which made
both founders millionaires many times over.

A tiff with the Apples Board of Directors and John Scully led to Jobs resignation. Steve
Jobs decided that he wanted to change the hardware industry. The company was called
NeXTStep, which produced the NeXT Computer. The machine was not very successful but
helped with future work in object-oriented programming, PostScript, and magneto-optical
devices. Jobs returned to his original company after Apple acquired NeXT in 1996. Using
his own aesthetic philosophy, he turned its fortunes around with the release of the iMac, the
iPod, the iPhone and the iPad. The companys software music player, iTunes, evolved into
an online music.

Steve Jobs also started Pixar, which has produced multiple blockbuster films, including Toy
Story (1995); A Bugs Life (1998); Toy Story 2 (1999); Monsters, Inc. (2001); Finding Nemo
(2003); and The Incredibles (2004).

In 2004, Jobs was diagnosed with a malignant tumor in his pancreas, which was
Questions 1 - 5
 44

Using the information from the biography, write short answers in the spaces provided.

BIOGRAPHY OF STEVE JOBS

1.
Place of birth ____________________________________________________
_
2.
Foster parents ____________________________________________________
_
3.
Academic background ____________________________________________________
_
4.
Co-founders of Apple
____________________________________________________
Computers
_
5.
Cause of death ____________________________________________________
_
[5 marks]

Questions 6 10
Complete the sentences below based on the information given.

6. In 1976, Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak

[1 mark]

7. They had to
in order to finance the set up of their company. [1 mark]

8. Steve Jobs left Apple Computer after

[1 mark]

9. ....................... is one of the products released by Apple.

[1 mark]

10. After Steve Jobs resigned as CEO of Apple, he became ...

....
[1 mark]
 45

SET 5
Questions 1 10
Read the following poster and answer the questions that follow.

SLEEP

SLEEP is a very important part of our life and no one can do without sleep.
Generally, it is believed that good sleep is crucial for peak intellectual performance
and helps a person to achieve his or her mental potential.

The need for sleep varies with age. A newborn may sleep 16 to 20 hours throughout
a day and an infant and a toddler need 10 to 13 hours with most of the sleep at
night. Schoolchildren need 9 to 10 hours of sleep. Normal adults need 6 to 10 hours
of sleep. It usually takes an adult about 10 to 20 minutes to fall asleep. Most of
those who have less than 5 to 6 hours of sleep are probably not getting enough
sleep.

Sleep deprivation and effects

Sleep has a restorative function so deprivation leads to short and long term serious
consequences. There are significant effects of sleep deprivation on brain functions
like memory, concentration and mood. Effects of sleep deprivation depend on the
length of sleep deprivation.

Sleeping well
Getting a good nights sleep is vital for everyone. There are several ways of
achieving this.

You need to have a routine to facilitate sound sleep. This means going to
bed and getting up at about the same time everyday.
Make sure that you have an early and light dinner. The digestive system
goes to sleep about 7.00 pm
Avoiding caffeine after lunch is helpful as caffeine keeps one awake.
Try to avoid afternoon naps. The afternoon nap may be what keeps one
awake at night.
Avoiding light can be helpful. One may not be able to sleep off immediately
after turning off the television. This is because melatonin, which is the
hormone that helps a person sleep, is produced in the dark.
 46

Questions 1 - 10
Using the information from the poster given, complete the graphic organizer below.

Sleep Deprivation: Importance of Sleep:

It significantly affects (6) It is important for (1) ________

_________
_________________________
___________________________
__ It helps an individual to

Its effects vary according to (7) (2) _____________________

___________________________ ________________________
_

SLEEP

Ways to Help One Sleep Well: Required Duration of Sleep:

A (8) _____________ facilitates A newborn :

(3) _____________________
sound sleep.
An early and light dinner is helpful.
(4) _____________________
Avoid caffeine after lunch because 10 to 13 hours
(9) ________________________
___________________________ Schoolchildren :
_ (5) _____________________
Avoiding light can be helpful
Adults: 6 to 10 hours
because
(10)__________________, the
sleep hormone, is produced in the
 47

(10 marks)
SET 6
Questions 1 10
Read the following advertisement and answer the questions that follow.

MOTHERSDAYCELEBRATION
atLevel2,MidinMall
organizedbytheFamilyPlanningUnit,MinistryofHealth
Extracted from KELANTAN SPM TRIAL
2013
The carnival will be held from 9.00 am until 4.00 pm at Midin Mall.
Its purpose is to draw attention to the role of mothers and their
responsibilities.

A series of events has been arranged for the whole family. You can
enjoy games, musical shows, good food and entertainment for the
whole day. Najwa Latif will make a special appearance to sing
melodious songs!

Informative talks on parenting and social issues among teenagers

have been arranged to increase mothers knowledge on moulding
successful teenagers with good moral values.

Every shopper with a receipt for purchases of a minimum of

RM200.00 is entitled to one lucky draw ticket. It may be your lucky
day to take home a new 42 inch LG Smart TV.

th
Seeyouon12 MAY2013atMidinMall

SPONSORS

BeautyGiftGallerySriMuslimahBoutiqueKenchanaTimurSdn.Bhd
 48

Questions 1 - 10
Using the information from the advertisement given, complete the graphic organizer below.

1. Organiser: 2. Time: 3. Venue:

__________________________ __________________________ __________________________

__________________________ __________________________ __________________________

6. One of the sponsors: MOTHERS DAY

__________________________ CELEBRATION 4. Date:
__________________________ __________________________
__________________________ __________________________

7. Lucky Draw prize:
__________________________
__________________________
__________________________
__________________________
ACTIVITIES
5. Aim:
__________________________
__________________________
__________________________
__________________________

Talks Entertainment
Games Enjoying
Food

Musical Guest
Shows Artiste

8. 9. 10.
_______________________ _______________________ _______________________
_______________________ _______________________ _______________________
_______________________ _______________________ _______________________

(10 marks)

SET 7
 49

Questions 1 10
Read the following newspaper report and answer the questions that follow.
Extracted from NEGERI SEMBILAN SPM TRIAL
2013

Questions 1 - 10
Using the information from the newspaper report, complete the graphic organizer below.

6.
Actions taken by
the sibling 7.

By 8.
Body
discovery 9.
Location

4.
Investigating officer 10.
5.

Possible causes 2.
3.
1.
ofHeadline
Victim
Place
accident
 50

(10 marks)

SET 8
Questions 1 10
Read the following book review and answer the questions that follow.

KEBAYA TALES
Adapted from: In A Capsule The Sun, Wednesday, February 2, 2011.

This is a delightful book of short stories revolving around the culture of Babas and
Nyonyas. It features a host of interesting characters, unexpected Extracted from
twists PERAK
and turns, SPM TRIAL 2011
cultural
rituals, beliefs and superstitions, and poignant events in the life of the Peranakans.
This book authored by Lee Su Kim highlights the Babas and Nyonyas, or the Straits
Chinese, who make up a colourful, flamboyant and unique community which is still in
existence today, mostly in Malacca, Penang and Singapore.
They are the descendants of Chinese traders who married local
women, leading to a rare and beautiful culture that is a blend of
Chinese and Malay, with elements from Java, Sumatra, Thailand,
Burma, India, Portugal, The Netherlands as well as England. Their
origins are detailed in this book as part of the preface.
The book also offers beautiful pictures of kebayas with their
intricate designs and embroidery, beaded shoes, the kerongsang or
brooches that fasten the kebayas, and belts and jewellery favoured by
the Nyonyas.
The book, published by Marshall Cavendish, contains stories
that are amusing, interesting and at times, heart-warming. They are
based on or inspired by real-life events as told to the writer by Babas
and Nyonyas of Jonker Street.
This book is definitely an interesting read.

Reviewed by: Sharon Wong

10.

Questions 1 - 10
Using the information from the review on Kebaya Tales, complete the graphic organizer below.

KEBAYA TALES
 51

AUTHOR MAIN THEME PUBLISHER

1. ___________ 2. _________________ 3. _____________ SOURCE
_____________ ___________________ _______________ 4. _________________
___________________ _______________ CONTENTS
___________________
___________________

(10 marks)

Fascinating Features Pictures in Book General Comments

5. ___________________ 7. ___________________________ 9. ___________________
____________________ _____________________________ ____________________
6. ___________________ 8. ___________________________ 10. __________________
_____________________ _____________________________ _____________________

SET 9
Questions 1 10
Read the following descriptions and answer the questions that follow.
 52

Extracted from SBP SPM TRIAL 2013

Questions 1 - 10
Based on the descriptions given, complete the graphic organizer below.
 53

TYPES BENEFITS HELP TO PREVENT

16. 17.
. .
Walking

. .

18. ... 19.

. Tiredness

.

20. ... 21.

Improves blood flow .

.

22. ... 23.

Relieve pain without stressing the
.
joints

.

24. 25.
. .
Tai-chi

. .

(10 marks)

SECTION C
READING COMPREHENSION
 54

TIPS AND TECHNIQUES

1. Understanding Wh Questions:

Wh- Question Answer

Who / Whom /Whose (Siapa / Siapa punya) People
Where (Di mana ) Place
When (Bila) Time / Situation
Why ( Kenapa) Reason
How (Bagaimana) Way
What (Apa) Thing / Incident
How long (Berapa lama) Time span / Duration
Which (yang mana satu) To choose
How much (Berapa harga) price

2. Vocabulary Question

Question Answer
Word
e.g. Give a similar word One word answer ONLY
Which word in paragraph suggests that?
Which word tells us that?

Phrase
e.g. Give the meaning of the phrase MORE than one word
Which phrase shows that? DO NOT COPY the whole
Which phrase suggests that? sentence

Sentence
e.g. Which sentence reveals( menggambarkan) A COMPLETE (lengkap)
that sentence
Which sentence describes (menerangkan) .

TIPS : Answers should be in the same form. For example :

Present Tense deliver send
delivers sends
Past Tense screamed shouted
caught arrested
Continuous Tense spreading expanding

Nouns nation country

nations countries

3. Understanding the question

Types of Questions Suggested Answers

In what way did Dengan cara apakah
e.g. In what way did the writer save the little e.g. The writer saved the little girl by pulling

girl?
What happened when
e.g. What happened when cancer patients
lose confidence and hope?
Describe how the writer
e.g. Describe how the writer deals with his
problem?
Give evidence to suggest that..
e.g. Give evidence to suggest that Ali was
scared.
Why do you think
e.g. Why do you think that Ali went to the
library?
Why didmake / do
e.g. Why did Siti make a dress for her mother?
Explain in your own words, why
e.g. Explain in your own words why the writer
kept quiet.
Which line suggests
e.g. Which line suggests that the cat was
dead?
Give two reasons why
e.g. Give two reasons why the two children
needed RM100?
What effect did
e.g. What effect did the medicine have on
children?
Mention two possible causes for
e.g. Mention two possible causes for students
playing truant.
In your opinion, do you think
e.g. In your opinion, do you think boys should
learn to cook?
How does the writer describe
e.g. How does the writer describe Cameron
Highlands?
State two roles of
e.g. State two roles of prefects in school.
Identify two contributions of
e.g. Identify two contributions of Ali to his
family.
Whose
e.g. Whose advice should a teenager follow?
55
her out of the water.
Apa terjadi apabila
e.g. The patients become depressed.
Terangkan bagaimana penulis
e.g. He seeks advice from the counselor.
Berikan bukti yang menunjukkan bahawa
e.g. He was pale and his hands were cold.
Mengapa kamu berfikir bahawa
e.g. Because he wanted some information for
his project.
Mengapakahbuat
e.g. Because it was her mothers birthday.
Terangkan mengikut pengertian kamu, kenapa..
e.g. Because he was afraid of his father.
Baris yang manakah mencadangkan
e.g. Line 4- (copy the whole sentence)
Berikan dua sebab mengapakah
e.g. They had to pay the school fees and buy
the school uniform.
Apakah kesan
e.g. The medicine made the children sleepy.
Nyatakan dua kemungkinan yang
menyebabkan
e.g. i)The students maybe bored in class.
ii)The students follow their friends.
Pada pendapat anda, adakah
e.g. Opinion : Yes, I agree. /No, I do not agree.
Reason : They can help their wives. /
They are too tired after work.
Bagaimana penulis menggambarkan
e.g. Amazing (MUST USE Adjectives)
Nyatakan dua peranan
e.g. Prefects carry out the assembly and
maintain discipline among students.
Kenalpasti dua sumbangan
e.g. Ali helps his father to sell Nasi Lemak at
the stall and takes care of his siblings.
Siapa punya
e.g. A teenager should follow his mothers
 56

Name one characteristic of
e.g. Name one characteristic of Siti that
helped her achieve success.
What does refer to?
e.g. What does the phrase painful memories
refer to?
Give one word to describe
e.g. Give one word to describe the trip to
Port Dickson.
advice.
Nyatakan satu ciri
e.g. Hardworking. (MUST USE Adjectives)
merujuk kepada apa?
e.g. The phrase painful memories refer to
Alis experiences at his mothers funeral.
Berikan satu perkataan menggambarkan
e.g.Peaceful (MUST USE Adjectives)

SAMPLE PARAGRAPHS AND QUESTIONS

Read the texts below. Based on the tips given, try to answer the following questions. The first
text
had been done for you.
Text 1
1 Interest in wildlife has been steadily growing until the
present days environmental movement, whereby most people
have far-reaching concerns for wildlife. Television and
magazines bring wildlife issues into our homes so vividly that
we have become concerned about elephants being over- 5
hunted in Africa whales being exterminated on the high seas.
2 We have laws that protect our game animals, game birds
and sport fish. However, laws are not the only one way to
protect wildlife. Every fish, bird or mammal requires water,
food and cover to survive and produce young. The place 10
where an animal lives is called its habitat and without habitat,
there can be no wildlife. Wildlife habitat also refers to the
land and water that provide the food, shelter and opportunities
for reproduction that wild creatures need to survive. The loss
of habitat and not overhunting is the biggest threat to wildlife 15
today. Developments like power line or pipeline corridors,
highways, housing, landfills and industrial expansion that
3 may conflict with wildlife habitat.
Some species have demanded habitat requirements for
their continued survival, for example, undisturbed sand 20
beaches, islands or caves. Other species are capable
withstanding habitat changes and may, in fact, thrive when
these changes bring about habit conditions more favourable to
them. Often different species share a habitat. And some
habitats are used for only short periods, such as during the 25
nesting season or just before migration while other habitats
are required the year round.

1. From paragraph 2, explain what the writer means by saying laws are not the only one way
to protect wildlife?
There are other ways to protect the wildlife.
 57

2. From paragraph 2, what does wildlife habitat refer to?

Wildlife habitat refers to the land and water that provide the food, shelter and opportunities
for reproduction that wild creatures need to survive.

3. In your opinion, name two agents that destroy wild habitat.

a) Development
b) Pollution

Text 2
1 However, Jan seemed to be getting worse instead of recovering. By
evening, she was running a high fever and in greater pain. In spite of
his best efforts, Bob could not manage to ease her suffering. And then
suddenly, she started to lapse into unconsciousness. It was then obvious
that she was seriously ill. What could Bob do? He had no experience in 5
treating the sick and Jan was getting worse by the minute. He knew that
there was an old doctor in town but he lived three miles away,
downhill. Pot-bellied and obese, there was no way the doctor could
2 make it up to their cabin.
Something had to be done quickly! Bob racked his brains but to no 10
avail. The only thing left to do was to go to the doctor. In Jans
condition, she could never walk that far in the waist-deep snow. Bob
would have to carry her! Bob searched his mind for a way to move
poor, sick Jan. Then, he remembered. He had once made a sledge so
that they could ride together over the mountain. They never got around 15
to using it though, because the whole mountain was thickly covered
3 with rocks and trees. He had never found a safe way down, not even
once.
Well, he thought, looks like Im going to have to try it
anyhow, as he dug out the sledge from the storeroom. Jan may die 20
unless I get her to the doctor, and life means nothing to me without
her. With this thought in mind, Bob gently tucked Jan into the sledge,
got in the front, and with a short prayer for safety, pushed off. How
they got through that ride alive, Bob has never figured out. As trees
loomed up in front of him and just as quickly whizzed by his side, 25
close enough to touch, he felt relieved that Jan was not awake to
experience the ride. It was all he could not do to scream as collision
seemed imminent, time and again, with only inches to spare.

1. From paragraph 1, state two problems that Bob faced when Janes condition worsened?
a) Bob had no experience in treating the sick.
b) It was impossible for the doctor to come to the cabin

2. From paragraph 1, which phrase shows that Jan had fainted?

lapse into unconsciousness

3. From paragraph 3, what was the best option to get to the doctor?
 58

Using the sledge

4. From paragraph 4, give one word to describe the journey on the sledge?
scary/ frightening / fast

Text 3

1 Spotty came into my life ten years ago, the second dog to
arrive in what became a steady stream of dogs. A neighbor was
moving to the city and they could not bring him along. I took
care of him but I guarded myself from feeling too much. I did
not want to get attached. Id been there before. Yet, we became 5
friends. There was something irresistible about this mongrel. He
had white fur with spots of brown and I named him Spotty. He
had the largest ears Ive ever seen. He followed me everywhere
I went and before I knew it, he had become my second shadow.
He did not follow sheepishly behind like my other dogs. 10
Instead, he jumped all over me, went ahead and came back for
2 me, as if to tell me that my path was clear.
We shared a lot of time together. Spotty would come
whenever I was outside. He would help me dig the garden and
sit beside me while I weed or tend to my plants. He also loved 15
to roam the woods alone. Each morning, he would disappear for
an hour or so. He would bring back something to play, a
discarded shoe, an empty can and even a monkeys skull. One
morning, he brought back a starving wild cat. He hovered
anxiously while I gave it some milk. Then, he carried it into the 20
garage and they became best of pals from that day onwards.
3 They made a funny picture together, a white shaggy mongrel
and a skinny wild cat.
I would look forward to seeing him running joyously down
the road to meet the bus again. Whenever I felt down or 25
depressed, he had uncanny way of sensing my unhappiness. He
would sit as close to me as possible and lay his head on my lap.
Through the years, he became more than a dog to me as I threw
away all the walls I had built around me.

1. From paragraph 1, how did the writer get Spotty, his second dog?

2. From paragraph 2, explain the term second shadow.

_________________________________________________________________________
 59

3. From paragraph 3, what characteristic of the dog made him the writers perfect friend?

Text 4

1 However, by this time, Miss Wong had hauled us up about

a certain rumour that we had printed. So, the fourth issue was
heavily censored and we would have suffered a loss if not for the
special interview we had with the rap group. However, we had to
treat our classmate, a close cousin of the group, to one week ice 5
kacang for securing the interview.
2 During this time, we also discovered that we were
neglecting our studies and our grades were dropping as fast as our
profits were increasing. We held a meeting and decided to divide
the editorial team into two teams. Each team would take turns to 10
run the magazine while the other would concentrate on their
studies. That idea worked for a while but it was difficult to keep
the two teams apart for long for ideas were aplenty when they
were together. However, these ideas soon ceased and all our
writers were having writers block. Every issue of interest had 15
been looked into and exhausted. Thus, our magazine died a
3 natural death.
About this time, the examination was around the corner and
we had to call it a day. The Editorial Board met for the last time,
thanking everyone who had worked so hard. The Treasurer 50
reported that we had made a handsome profit of one hundred and
eighty ringgit. However, the duplicating machine had to be sent
for overhaul due to our enthusiastic printing. The Board agreed
that we had to bear the cost of the repair.

1. From paragraph 1, how did the team manage to interview a rap group?

_________________________________________________________________________

2. From paragraph 2, why did the team split the Editorial Board into two teams?
_________________________________________________________________________

3. From paragraph 3, explain the phrase to call it a day in line 48.

_________________________________________________________________________

4. From paragraph 3, what happened to their handsome profit?

_________________________________________________________________________
 60

Text 5
1 A tiger came and attacked my goats. It escaped with one of
my goats, Ayakannu said with urgency. Did you hear anything?
Murthi asked. Yes, but I could not do anything. I came to ask you
for your help for you are the only man who can. I will give you one
hundred ringgit if you can kill the tiger. Three hundred, Murthi 5
insisted. Finally, they agreed on the price with a few goats thrown
2 in.
Later, Murthi carefully loaded his rifle and strapped his
tapping knife. The children hovered around him excitedly. The
women whispered around themselves, giving him appreciative 10
glances. They worshipped him. Murthi sauntered passed the
women, savouring the moment. When he reached the place where
the tiger had been, he examined the marks carefully. The imprint
told him it was a huge cat and it had an injured right front paw.
Murthi could feel the villagers eyes upon his back. They were 15
looking at the expert at work for no one had ever dared to venture
into the tigers territory. So the people were in awe of Murthi. He
could hear the collective sigh of admiration as he stepped through
3 the broken gate.
Once in the jungle and out of the villagers sight, Murthi 20
underwent a complete transformation. The show was over and
another was about to begin. He became very alert. He knew that a
good hunter must be alert at all times, otherwise even his rifle could
not save him. Impressing the villagers was one thing; hunting a
tiger was another. He moved softly and from time to time, he 25
glanced at the ground before him. An occasional branch or two
snapped under his feet. Then he saw a distinct trail. There was an
occasional drop of blood from the dead goat, some paw prints in
soft places. Within the first fifty metres, Murthi had learnt a lot
about this tiger.

1. From paragraph 1, why was Murthi so sure that Ayakannu would come to him for help?

_________________________________________________________________________

2. From paragraph 2, how did the women in the village regard Murthi?

_________________________________________________________________________

3. Murthi sauntered past the women, savouring the moment. (line 10)
Explain what actions are described in the line above and what these actions reveal about
Murthis feelings.

_________________________________________________________________________

4. Murthi underwent a complete transformation. Describe the transformation.

 61

_________________________________________________________________________

Text 6

1 At ten, I could tell that Mei Hua strained my parents

marriage. They would argue about her all the time. They were
desperate to find a suitable place for her. One day, Father told us
that Mei Hua would be going to a better home. I could tell that
Mother was greatly relieved that Mei Hua was going away. I could 5
still remember the day Mei Hua left. She had no idea what was
2 going on.
Initially, we used to visit Mei Hua every weekend. The trips
were very upsetting to all of us. The place where she lived was full
of kids with funny eyes. They were uglier than Mei Hua but as 10
before she had nothing to say to us. There was no way of telling
what difference our presence made. Eventually, the trips stopped
3 and we went only during Christmas.
Over the years, Mei Hua faded out of our lives. It happened
with unexpected ease as we were all growing up. I was surprised 15
that Mother was so indifferent. It was as if Mei Hua had been a
bad omen in her life and she was desperate to be rid of her.

1. From paragraph 1, I could tell that Mei Hua strained my parents marriage. What
evidence was there to show this?
___________________________________________________________________________

2. From paragraph 1, why do you think the writers mother was greatly relieved that Mei Hua
was going away?
___________________________________________________________________________

3. From paragraph 2, give two reasons why they stopped visiting Mei Hua.

___________________________________________________________________________

4. From paragraph 3, which word means do not care?

___________________________________________________________________________

SUMMARY WRITING
Here are some useful words to help you understand your questions
for summary writing.

N FUNCTION MEANING NO FUNCTION MEANING

O WORDS WORDS
 62

1 saw and did nampak dan 19 significance kepentingan

buat
2 the changes perubahan 20 roles peranan
3 achievements pencapaian 21 what happened apa terjadi
and dreams dan impian
4 characteristic ciri-ciri 22 advantages / kelebihan /
s disadvantages kelemahan
5 felt / feelings berasa / 23 factors faktor-faktor
perasaan
6 attitude sikap 24 tips tip
7 actions and tindakan dan 25 strategies strategi-strategi
reactions reaksi
8 decisions keputusan 26 dangers bahaya
9 description penerangan 27 approaches pendekatan-
pendekatan
10 opinions pendapat 28 views pandangan
11 developments perkembanga 29 effects kesan
n
12 qualities kualiti 30 problems masalah
13 behaviour tingkahlaku 31 causes sebab
14 examples contoh 32 symptoms tanda gejala
15 ways / cara 33 treatment rawatan
methods
16 damages kerosakan 34 difficulties kerumitan
17 uses kegunaan 35 importance kepentingan
18 threats ancaman 36 how (ways) bagaimana
(cara)

WRITING TIPS FOR SUMMARY:

1. Change the pronouns - I to he / she

me to him / her
we to they
my to his / her
our to their
2. Do not copy examples.

3. Change direct speech to indirect speech ( Tukar cakap ajuk kepada

cakap pindah)
Example: I saw a man chasing the little boy. Murthi shouted. (direct
speech)
Murthi informed that he saw a man chasing the boy. (indirect
speech)
 63

SAMPLE TEXT OF SUMMARY WITH ANSWER.

Note: This is an extract from a full text. Therefore there are only nine points to be identified.
1 Come festive season, like Hari Raya and Chinese
New Year, we Malaysians embark on our balik kampong
ordeal. Most of us resort to driving during this time can be
really stressful, be it in the city traffic, on wide- open
2 highways or lazy country roads. 5
Handling other drivers on these rods can be a tow on
us. They tend to be rude and arrogant when driving. These
selfish drivers adopt the I dont care attitude which
actually turns out to be an obstacle to other obedient
3 drivers. Hence, the drivers who go by the rules end up in 10
nasty accidents and sometimes it ends up fatal.
So, if you fall into this obedient category, the best
advice is, no matter what others do to you, just remain
4 calm. If you are calm and cool, your chances of safely
getting out of a difficult situation increases greatly. Dont 15
compound another drivers foolish driving manoeuvre by
making your own.
5 When encountering a tail-gaiter, someone cutting
you off, a car a car swerving in towards you from the side,
the surprise turner who never signals, or the vulgar 20
gesture directed at you, try to remain focused on
maintaining a buffer or safety your car and the events
around it.
When times are bad, even the best driver can get
6 unlucky behind the wheel. So, know what to do if you were 25
to meet with an accident. Please ensure your passengers
and all others are safe. This action is vital. Never leave the
scene, instead wait till the police arrives. During this wait,
exchange driver and car information. A very important tip
7 to remember is, do not speak or admit fault about the 30
accident to anyone except your insurance company or a
police officer.
Another important consideration is always keep a
well-stocked emergency kit for you and your car. Your first-
aid kit should include bandages, tapes, dry cloth and a 35
typical antiseptic. For your motoring needs, you should
include engine oil, transmission and brake fluids, basic
tools, signal flare, flashlights and duct tape.
If you are taking a long driving trip, sleep can be
your best defensive driving weapon. Long hours behind the
wheel especially at night, will make you feel drowsy, less
alert to danger and increase your response time. Dont
push yourself. Take a nap, drink some coffee and when you
 64

feel tired, call it a night. Your vacation will be more

enjoyable and safer if you take it a little slower and easier.

Adapted from Drive AAM, vol 16

May /June 2008
Write a summary on
the steps taken to avoid accidents during long distance driving.

Your summary must :

be in continuous writing (not in note form)
use materials from line 10 to 35
not be longer than 130 words, including the 10 words given below

Begin your summary as follows :

When driving long distance, we should always remember to remain

ANSWER SCHEME FOR SAMPLE TEXT FOR SUMMARY

NO POINTS
1 Remain calm no matter what happens.
2 Try to remain focused in maintaining a distance between your car and other cars or
obstacles.
3 Please ensure your passengers and others are safe if you meet with an accident.
4 Never leave the scene, wait until the police arrives.
5 Exchange driver and car information.
6 Do not speak or admit fault about the accident to anyone except your insurance
company or a police officer.
7 Always keep a well-stocked emergency first aid kit in your car.
8 Sleep can be your best defensive driving weapon for a long driving trip.
9 Take it slower and easier.

1 No matter what others do to you, just remain calm.

2 When encountering a tail-gaiter, someone cutting you off, a car a

swerving in towards you from the side, the surprise turner who
never and

signals, or the vulgar gesture directed at you, ^try to remain

focused on maintaining a buffer or safety your car and the
events around it.

3 When times are bad, even the best driver can get unlucky behind
the wheel. So, know what to do if you were to meet with an
accident.
Then,
^Please ensure your passengers and all others are safe.
 65

4 Never leave the scene, instead wait till the police arrives.
During this wait,
Next,
^exchange driver and car information. A very important tip
to remember
and
is, ^
do not speak or admit fault about the accident to
anyone except your insurance company or a police officer.

5 Another important consideration is always keep a well-stocked

emergency kit for you and your car.

6 If you are taking a long driving trip, sleep can be your best
defensive driving weapon. Long hours behind the wheel
especially at night, will make you feel drowsy, less alert to danger
and increase your response time. Dont push
Finally,
yourself. ^ Take a nap, drink some coffee and when you feel
tired, call it a night. Your vacation will be more enjoyable and safer
if you take it a little slower and easier.

FINAL SUMMARY

When driving long distance, we should always remember to remain calm and try to remain
focused on maintaining a buffer or safety between your car and the events around it. Then, please
ensure your passengers and all others are safe. Never leave the scene, instead wait till the police
arrives. Next, exchange driver and car information and do not speak or admit fault about the
accident to anyone except your insurance company or a police officer. Always
keep a well-stocked emergency kit for you and your car. If you are taking a long
driving trip, sleep can be your best defensive driving weapon. Finally, take a nap,
drink some coffee and when you feel tired, take it a little slower and easier.
( 122
words)

Note:
Notice the bold words underlined in the summary.
They are known as linkers and sequence connectors.
Here are more linkers that you can use :

Firstly Moreover
 66

Secondly Finally
Next Furthermore
Then Besides

You can usually find the points in the first and last sentence of the
paragraphs.

Short practices for summary writing.

Write summaries for the texts below. Each summary should not be longer than 65
words.
Read the summary question carefully before you begin.

TEXT 1.

1 Recalling the incident, Salim said that it was the first time in his twenty
years as a fisherman that he was attacked by a crocodile. On that day, I was
casting my net with my friend, Abu. When the net was caught by some
obstacles, I waded in and tried to grope around for it.
2 I thought I touched something like a log. It was partly covered with mud. 5
The net was entangled over it. Suddenly, it moved and snapped over my hand. It
happened so fast. Before I could do anything, I felt myself being dragged into the
water. It was so aggressive. However, I struggled and managed to come out of
the water. I could feel a sharp pain in my hand.
3 Luckily, Abu was nearby. He pulled me with all his might and eventually, 10
the crocodile gave up and disappeared into the river. It was indeed a narrow
escape. I will never catch fish in the river again even if the crocodile is caught or
killed.

Based on the extract given, write a summary on:

how the crocodile attacked Salim
how Salim was saved

Begin your summary as follows:

It was the first time in his twenty years as
 67

TEXT 2.
1 The first step to breaking a bad habit is to become
conscious of it. If you usually spend too much money
shopping, begin focusing on the purchase you make, pay
attention to the amount of money you spend each time
you buy something, and keep a mental tally of the total. To 5
save money, take notice of which purchases you could live
without. Once, if youre more aware of the damage the
2 habit is causing you, you will have a clearer picture of what
you need to do.
Next, plan out how you will break the habit. By being 10
prepared for everything that could happen during your
efforts, and determining how to deal with those situations,
you will have a better chance for success. For example, if
you want to cut down on junk food, decide how you go
3 about cleaning out your kitchen of unhealthy food, what 15
food you will have instead when you have cravings, and
any positive habits, such as exercise, that you could do
during ties when you normally eat the most junk food.
Following that, you need to change your behaviour.
You may still have a tendency to fall into old behaviours, 20
but with conscious effort, you can change and choose to
do something else that is more constructive. For instance,
if your goal is to stop biting your nails, get a manicure or
give yourself one, to trim away any areas that would tempt
you to bite. Two things to help your mental thought
process reject the old behaviour and accept the new are
imagery and thought control. Every day, as needed, think
of your life without the feeling of the bad habit. Then make
that life a reality.

Based on the extract given, write a summary on:

how one can break a bad habit
Begin your summary as follows:
 68

The first step to breaking a bad habit is being

TEXT 3.

1 Parents may first notice that their child is not

developing motor skills normally such as the baby may
have delayed rolling over or the baby may be late to sit,
crawl or walk. Or in the case of sight or hearing problems,
the child does not seem to be looking at his surroundings 5
2 or be aware of the noise around him.
Rarely are cerebral palsy children completely blind. But
it is quite common for these children to have disordered
movements of the eye muscles resulting in squint.
Usually, minor corrective surgery can take care of this. 10
Spastic children may also have short sight and need
spectacles. A baby with vision problems perceives the
3 world differently from the way we do. Objects appear hazy.
The child cannot be sure if you are smiling or frowning. He
becomes more responsive to sounds and touch. 15
A spastic child may have hearing loss due to damage to
nerves from the ear to the brain. This is called sensor
neural hearing loss and is difficult to remedy. Another kind
of hearing impairment is caused by interference in the
4 sending of sound waves to the inner ear as in the case of 20
ear blocks due to infection. This can be treated. Children
with hearing loss are likely to have speech difficulty too.
So speech therapy should begin early. Lip reading and sign
 69

language have to be mastered.

A child who lives in a silent world sees people around
him being responsive to each other but not to him. So he
is likely to demand attention. Aggressive behaviour and
temper tantrums are the results of this demanding
behaviour.

Based on the extract given, write a summary on:

the causes and effects of cerebral palsy
Begin your summary as follows:
A child who has sight or hearing problems may not

TEXT 4.

1 It was on the sixth day after the storm, when I was

exploring on south beach that I heard the birds. Stew Cat
was with me, as usual, and he growled when they first
screeched. Their cries were angry and I guessed that seven
or eight might be in the air. I stood listening to them; 5
wondering what they were. Then, I felt a beat of wings past
my face, and an angry cry as the bird dived at me. I lashed
out at it with my cane, wondering why they were attacking
me. Another dived down, screaming at me, and his bill
2 nipped the side of my head. For a moment, I was confused, 10
not knowing whether to run for cover under the trees, or try
to fight them off with my cane. There seemed to be a lot of
birds.
 70

Then one pecked my forehead sharply, near my eyes. I

3 felt blood run down my face. I started to walk back towards 15
camp. I had taken no more than three or four steps when I
tripped over a log. I fell onto the sand and felt a sharp pain in
the back of my head. I heard a raging screech as a bird
soared up again. Then another bird dived at me.
I heard Stew Cat snarling and felt him jump onto my 20
back. His claws were digging into my flesh. There was
another wild screech, and Stew Cat left my back, leaping into
the air. His snarls and the wounded screams of the bird filled
the stillness of the day. I could hear them fighting on the
sand. Then I heard the death caw of the bird. I lay still and
felt around for the birds body. My hand touched a piece of
warm broken shell. Realisation struck me. The birds were
protecting their eggs and nests.

Based on the extract given, write a summary on:

how the birds attacked the writer
how the writer was saved
Begin your summary as follows:
On the sixth day of the storm, as he was

TEXT 5.
1 He listened again. He stood up silently and crouched
low. He threaded his way through the brush towards the road.
But he did not step onto the road. Kino crept into the cover of
 71

a thorny tree and peered out along the way he had come.
Then he saw them moving along. His body stiffened and he 5
2 drew down his head and peeked out from under a fallen
branch.
In the distance he could see three men, two on foot and
one on horseback. Terrified, he knew what they were. Kino lay
rigid on the ground. He barely breathed. He looked to the 10
place where he had tried to sweep away his tracks. Even the
3 sweeping might be a message to the trackers. They were
inland trackers who were as sensitive as hounds. Kino slowly
drew his big knife in his hand. He dug his toes in the sand so
that he could be ready to leap without warning. 15
When the trackers came near, Kino could see only their
legs. The trackers stopped at the swept place and studied it.
4 The horseman stopped. Kino was not breathing, but his back
5 arched a little. The muscles of his body and legs stood out
with tension. A line of sweat formed on his upper lip. For a 20
6 long time, the trackers bent over the road studying the
ground. Kino slipped backwards. He sneaked back to where
Juana was hiding with their baby.
Trackers!
You have the pearl! Give it to them. This is the only
way they will let us live! Juana pleaded.
Her words struck Kino. His lips snarled and his eyes
were fierce again. Come! We will go into the mountains.
Maybe we can lose them there.

Based on the extract given, write a summary on:

Kinos actions and reactions towards his enemies
the decisions he made during that dangerous moment
Begin your summary as follows:
On the sixth day of the storm, as he was
 72

Thats all for Section C.Good Luck!

 73

SECTION D

LITERATURE COMPONENT: POEMS

The Living Photograph

My small grandmother is tall there,

straight-back, white broderie anglaise shirt,
pleated skirt, flat shoes, grey bun,
a kind, old smile round her eyes.
Her big hand holds mine,
white hand in black hand.
Her sharp blue eyes look her own death in the eye.

It was true after all; that look.

My tall grandmother became small.
Her back round and hunched.
Her soup forgot to boil.
She went to the awful place grandmothers go.
Somewhere unknown, unthinkable.

But there she is still,

in the photo with me at three,
the crinkled smile still living, breathing.

Jackie Kay

The Charge of the Light Brigade

(an extract)

Half a league, half a league,

Half a league onward,
All in the valley of Death
Rode the six hundred.
Forward, the Light Brigade!
Charge for the guns! he said.
Into the valley of Death
 74

Rode the six hundred.

Forward, the Light Brigade!

Was there a dismayed?
Not though the soldier knew
Some one had blundered.
Theirs not to make reply,
Theirs not the reason why,
Theirs but to do and die.
Into the valley of Death
Rode the six hundred.

Cannon to right of them,

Cannon to left of them,
Cannon in front of them

Volleyed and thundered;

Stormed at with shot and shell,
Boldly they rode and well,
Into the jaws of Death,
Into the mouth of Hell
Rode the six hundred.

Alfred, Lord Tennyson

What Has Happened To Lulu?

What has happened to Lulu, mother?

What has happened to Lu?
There's nothing in her bed but an old rag-doll
And by its side a shoe.

Why is her window wide, mother,

The curtain flapping free,
And only a circle on the dusty shelf
Where her money-box used to be?

Why do you turn your head, mother,

And why do tear drops fall?
And why do you crumple that note on the fire
And say it is nothing at all?

I woke to voices late last night,

I heard an engine roar.
Why do you tell me the things I heard
Were a dream and nothing more?
 75

I heard somebody cry, mother,

In anger or in pain,
But now I ask you why, mother,
You say it was a gust of rain.

Why do you wander about as though

You don't know what to do?
What has happened to Lulu, mother?
What has happened to Lu?

Charles Causley
A Poison Tree

I was angry with my friend;

I told my wrath, my wrath did end.
I was angry with my foe:
I told it not, my wrath did grow.

And I watered it in fears,

Night and morning with my tears:
And I sunned it with smiles,
And with soft deceitful wiles.

And it grew both day and night.

Till it bore an apple bright.
And my foe beheld it shine,
And he knew that it was mine.

And into my garden stole,

When the night had veiled the pole;
In the morning glad I see;
My foe outstretched beneath the tree.

William Blake

SECTION D: LITERATURE
POEMS
The Living The Charge of the What Has A Poison Tree
Photograph Light Brigade Happened to Lulu?

A. Who Siapa
* The answer must be person/people
 76

1. Who is the persona 1. Who gives the 1. Who is the 1. Who eats the apple?
in the poem? order to the brigade persona? The personas foe
Grandchild in stanza 2? Lulus sibling /
The commander Lulus brother /
Lulus sister
2. Who does she 2. Who made the 2. Who died in the
refer to in stanza 3? blunder? 2. Who ran away? end?
Grandmother The commander Lulu The personas foe

3. Who went to the

awful place? 3. Who crumpled the
Grandmother note?
Lulus mother

B. Where Di mana
* Answer must refer to place

1. Where did the 1. Where were the 1. Where was the 1. Where did the
grandmother go? soldiers going? money box kept? personas foe die?
Awful place / Into battle / War Shelf Beneath the tree
Somewhere unknown,
unthinkable
2. Where were the
cannons?
To the left, right and
front of the soldiers

C. Why Kenapa
* Answer must give reason

1. Why was the 1. Why do the 1. Why does the 1. Why is the persona
small grandmother soldiers not to mother crumple the able to forget his anger
tall in the make reply and not note? towards his friend?
photograph? to reason why? She is angry / sad / Because he tells his
She was not hunched They have to follow disappointed friend about his anger
order without and deals with it.
questioning / They
have to do and die

2. Why is the curtain

2. In stanza 3, why is flapping free? 2. Why does the
the smile still living Because the window enemy sneak into the
and breathing? is wide open. garden at night?
Because she is alive To steal the apple.
in the personas
 77

memory although she

has died

D. What Apa
* Answer must related to nouns

1. What is the 1. What is the name 1. In stanza 4, what 1. What grew both day
personas of the brigade? had caused the and night?
grandmother Light Brigade persona to wake up Tree / Hatred / Anger
wearing? that night?
White shirt/pleated Voices / The roar of
skirt/flat shoes the engine

2. What are the 2. In stanza 1, what 2. What made the

2. What is the soldiers riding? is found on the bed? enemy die?
persona looking at? Horses An old rag doll The poisonous apple
Photograph
3. What weapons
were the enemy
using?
Cannons

4. What was the

blunder?
A wrong command

E. Word perkataan (1 sahaja)

Phrase Frasa / Rangkai kata (lebih daripada 1 perkataan)
Line - Baris

1. In stanza 2, which 1. In stanza 2, which 1. In stanza 4, which 1. In stanza 1, which

word shows that the word shows that the word describes a word shows great
grandmother became command was a very loud sound? anger?
small? mistake? Roar Wrath
Hunched. Blundered

2. In stanza 2, which 2. In stanza 2, which 2. Which phrase in 2. Which line shows

phrase shows that the line tells you the stanza 3, suggest the that the persona
grandmother became soldiers were not mother is crying? pretends that he is
small? scared? The tear-drops fall friendly with his
Round and hunched. Line 11 Not enemy?
though the soldiers Line 7 And I sunned
 78

knew it with smiles

3. In stanza 2, which 3. Which line in
line shows that the stanza 3, suggest the 3. Which line in the
grandmother became mother is crying? poem shows that the
small? Line 10 And why persona plans cunning
Line 10 - Her back do the tear-drops tricks?
round and hunched. fall Line 8 And with soft
deceitful wiles
4. Which line in
stanza 2 shows the
grandmother is
forgetful?
Line 11 - Her soup
forgot to boil

F. Possible questions to show opinions a) In your opinion,

b) Why do you think,
c) What do you think of,
d) How would you describe,
e) Do you agree / disagree,
f) Would you if
h) How do you think,

1. She went to the 1. What do you 1. In your opinion, 1. Why do you think
awful place think happened to why does the mother the persona did not tell
grandmothers go. all the 600 soldiers? crumple the note? his foe about his
Do you agree it is an They all died. Because she is sad / wrath?
awful place? Give a disappointed / angry He was very angry /
reason for your He couldnt anticipate
answer. his foes reaction / Any
Yes, because it is other acceptable
where dead people reason.
go. 2. If you were a 2. What do you
soldier, would you think of Lulus
2. Do you think the follow a command action running away 2. In your opinion,
persona misses her which is a blunder? from home? Explain. what is the idea
grandmother? Why? Give reason to I think it is wrong to suggested by
Yes, because she support your answer. do that because it watered and
always looks at the Yes, that is a duty of will hurt your sunned?
photo of her a soldier. familys feeling. Anger is compared to
grandmother. No, I dont want to a tree which can be
die. nurtured by water and
the sun.
3. How would you
describe the
3. How do you think mothers feeling,
 79

the persona keep the when Lulu ran away

memory of her dead from home?
grandmother alive? Angry / disappointed
Looking at the / sad / worried
photograph

G. Word Reference

1. In stanza 1, where 1. In stanza 3, who 1. In stanza 1, what 1. In stanza 2, what

does there does them refer does its refer to? does it refer to?
suggest? to? Old rag-doll / bed Anger / wrath
In the photograph Soldiers
2. Who is I in the
2. In stanza 1, what 2. Who is he in poem?
does the word stanza 1? The persona / Lulus
mine refer to? The commander sibling
The personas hand

H. Situation based

1. Some of our loved 1. Teenagers 1. Lulu has left 1. Why do you think
ones have died. How nowadays lack the home. Imagine you that sometimes it is
do we keep their spirit of patriotism. are Lulus younger hard to tell our wrath
memories alive? Suggest two ways to brother, what would to our foes? Give two
Suggest two ways. instil patriotism you say to Lulu to reasons.
Suggestion 1: Keep among teenagers. persuade her to Reason 1: They may
their favourite things. Suggestion 1: return? Give two get angrier.
Suggestion 2: Talk Singing the national points. Reason 2: They may
fondly about them. anthem. Point 1: Lulu, use words that make
Suggestion 2: Obey mother is very sad. us angrier than before.
the rules and laws Please come back.
of the country. Point 2: Lulu, we
must be ready to
forgive and forget.
2. Your old
grandmother is dying. 2. Do you think that 2. If you are very 2. What would you do
What would you do war is necessary? angry with your if you have a
to make her last days Give a reason for parents, what would misunderstanding with
memorable? Suggest your answer. you do to calm your friend?
one way and give a Yes, because a yourself? Give a Why?
reason. powerful country reason for your Action: Try to talk
Action: Spend more can get wealth and action. nicely to him / her.
time with her. property through Action: Enjoy myself Reason: To avoid
Reason: That would war. by watching movies further argument.
 80

make her happy. No, because with friends

innocent people will Reason: It can
die from it. reduce my anger and
forget what has
happened.

\SPM SAMPLE QUESTIONS

The Living Photograph
a) What is the colour of the grandmothers eyes?

. [1 mark]
b) Why had the tall grandmother become small?


[1 mark]
c) What does the line her sharp blue eyes look her own death in the eye suggest?

.
[1 mark]
d) What is the most important thing in keeping a family together? Give a reason for your answer.
Criteria:

..
[1 mark]
Reason:

..
[1 mark]

The Charge of the Light Brigade

a) How many soldiers are there in the Light Brigade?
.
[1 mark]
b) Where are the soldiers heading to?

[1 mark]

c) Theirs not to make reply,

Theirs not to reason why.
Explain these two lines in your own words.
 81

.
[1 mark]

d) Malaysia has gained independence through the sacrifice of people who have fought for this country.
How can we show our appreciation to them? Suggest two ways.

Suggestion 1:

. [1
mark]
Suggestion 2:

. [1
mark]

What Has Happened to Lulu?

a) Why was the mother crying?

.
[1 mark]
b) In stanza 2, what did Lulu take with her?

[1 mark]
c) How did Lulu get out of her room?

.
[1 mark]
d) The number of teenagers running away from home is on the rise. What could be the factors that
contribute to this?
Factor 1:

[1 mark]
Factor 2:
..

[1 mark]
A Poison Tree
a) In stanza 1, who were people the persona angry with?

.
[1 mark]
b) What happened to the personas anger from day to night?
 82

.
[1 mark]
c) Which line in the poem suggests that he had defeated his foe?

.
[1 mark]
d) Everybody makes mistakes in life. What are the common mistakes made by people? Give two
examples.
Example 1:

[1 mark]
Example 2:

NOVEL
SECTION D: LITERATURE
Novel: Sing to the Dawn
 83

Characters
Dawan - She is loving.
Sample question
In the novel that you have read
which character in the novel
would you choose for a friend.
Give reasons and evidences from
the text to support your answer.

Important Incidents
1. Dawan and Kwai are siblings. They supported and loved each other.
2. Kwai asked his father to let Dawan to go to the village school.
3. When Dawan won the scholarship to study at the City, Kwai in the
beginning was frustrated. He showed his disappoinment towards
Dawan.
4. Dawan and Kwai had an argument at the market. During the
argument, Dawan accidentally fell and hurt her ankle.
5. Kwai went back and sat near the river in the rain.
6. Dawan saw him and gave her umbrella to him.
7. Then Dawan went home, limping. This shows how strong her love
towards her brother is.
8. After the incident, Kwai helped Dawan by persuading their father to
let her study at the City.
9. Kwai helped her by telling his father that he would not go if Dawan
did not go and let the 3rd place winner, Thaksin took his place.
10. Then his father gave his permission.
11. This strong love helps them to overcome any problem in their
lives. This proves that love is important in a family.

Moral Values
We must love our family
members.
Sample Question
In the novel you have read, what
lesson have you learnt from any
one of the characters? Give
reasons and evidences from the
text to support your answer.
Theme
Love
Sample Question
Love is important in a family. Choose
a character from the novel that
demonstrates this quality. Give
reasons and evidences from the text
to support your answer.

PAPER 1
 84

SPEECH / TALK

1. When writing the speech, candidates should include (format) :

1.1 Greet the audience (Introduction)
Examples:
- A very good morning to the principal of SMK Sungkai, teachers and friends
- A very good morning I bid to the principal of SMK Sungkai, teachers and friends

1.2 Introduce yourself to the audience (your name, position)

Examples:
- My name is Saidatul Akma, the President of the English Society
- I am Saidatul Akma,, the president of the English Society

1.3 Introduce the topic

Examples:
- I am here to give a speech on how to improve English proficiency among students.
- Today I would like to talk about ways to improve English proficiency among students.
- The topic of my speech today is to improve English proficiency among students.

1.4 Present the main points and their elaborations

- Use all the points given
- Elaborate on all the points (Tips for elaboration: give examples, reasons, advice,
suggestions and WH questions)
- Use facts, figures and examples to support the main points.
Use Sequence Connectors to show the different ideas. Examples: Firstly, Next, Lastly

1.5 Presenting the ideas (Body/Content)

Introducing your argument relate to the topic of the question
Present at least two arguments in a paragraph. Each argument should have an
elaboration (include examples where necessary)
Candidates should write at least three paragraphs for the body/content.

1.6 Conclusion
Candidates should sum up their speech in one paragraph.

1.7 End the Speech

Examples:
- Thank you for listening
- Thank you for lending me your ears
- Thank you for your attention

QUESTION
You are the President of the Career and Guidance Club of your school and you have just
returned from a three-day workshop on how to excel academically. Your teacher
advisor has asked you to give a speech during the assembly on ways to study effectively.
 85

Use the notes below to write your speech.

- pay attention in class

- homework

- revision

- ask teacher

- short notes

- personal timetable

- study group

- extra class

- well-balanced diet

- exercise

When writing the speech, you should:

- use an appropriate greeting

- state the purpose of the speech.

- include all the points given

- use an appropriate closing

- suggest two other ways to study effectively

Note:
For your speech, you will receive up to 15 marks for the format and content points and
up to 20 marks for the quality of your writing.

Sample essay
A very good morning to the principal of SMK Sungai Pinang, teachers and friends. My name
is Saidatul Akma, the President of the Career and Guidance Club. Today I would like to talk about
ways to study effectively.
 86

Ive just returned from a three-day workshop on how to excel academically. I learned a lot of
great tips from the speakers at the camp. Let me tell you what Ive learnt. Firstly, you must pay
attention in class. It is important because you can understand your lesson easily.
Secondly, you should do all the homework given to you. In this way you can be excellent in
your lessons.
Thirdly, do revision every day at home so that you can easily remember your lessons.
Aside from that, you should ask your teachers for clarification. It can increase your
understanding and expand your knowledge.
Other than that, you should make short notes. It could make you remember the subjects
easier.
Then, you must have a personal timetable. When you have a personal timetable, you can divide your
time between your study and leisure activities.
On top of that, you must also form a study group. You could learn with your friends.
When we learn in a group, you could share ideas, information and improve your knowledge in studies
with your friends.
Besides that, you should attend extra classes. This tip is to improve your knowledge for the
coming SPM examination. I know that you are lazy to attend extra classes but you should attend the
classes to get excellent results.
Other than that, you must eat well-balanced diet. I know that you love to eat fast and fatty
foods especially KFC and Domino Pizza but you have to cut down on all of that. To stay healthy, you
must eat more fruits and vegetables.
Apart from that, you should exercise regularly. I know you dont like to exercise. But you
can do exercises like cycling, swimming or jogging. From the activities, you can avoid stress.
In addition, always remind yourself to spend time with your family. Enjoy quality time with
them by doing outdoor activities such as jogging, biking or playing badminton together.
Last but not least, you must have enough sleep. You should sleep no later than 10 oclock.
Do not sleep late. You must sleep 8 hours per day.
Well, these are all the tips that I have for you. I bet if you do everything I have told you to do,
youll pass every exams with flying colours.
Thank you for your attention.

Exercise 1
Fill in the blanks with suitable answers.
Sequence Point Elaboration
connectors

Firstly, 1.You must pay attention in It is important because you can

class.
your lesson well.

2.You should all In this way you can be excellent

.. the homework given to you In your lesson
 87

Thirdly, 3.You should It is important because it can increase

revision every day at your understanding and expand your
.. knowledge.

Moreover, 4.You should ask your In this way you can easily remember
teachers for your lessons.

Besides, 5.You should make short This is because it could make you
notes remember
the subject ..

6.You must .. a
. personal timetable

7.You must also a

.. study group

..

..

8.You . attend extra

.. classes

..
 88

9.You must eat well-balanced

.. ..

10.You should exercise

.. .

11.
. .
.

12.
..
.

..

EXERCISE 2
Provide one example for each step of the speech.

Greet A very good morning I bid to the principal, Puan Hajah Noraini,
the
audien teachers and friends.
ce
 89

Introd
uce the ..
topic

..

State
the ..
purpos
e of
speech ..

End
the ..
speech

EXERCISE 3 - Writing The Essay

Greet The
Audience

Introduce
The Topic

State The
Purpose Of
Your
Speech
Introduce
The
Argument
Point 1 +
Elaboration

Point 2 +
Elaboration

Point 3

Point 4

Point 5
 90

Point 6

Point 7

Point 8

Point 9

Point 10

Point 11

Point 12

End The
Speech
ARTICLE
Discuss the statements below and tick the appropriate column.
no Statement True False
1 An article is a piece of writing written for school magazines,
newsletters or newspapers.
2 The tone of an article is formal.
3 The writers name is optional.
4 An article is written in one paragraph only.
5 The language used is formal.
6 The main ideas in an article need not be elaborated.
7 An article needs to have an introduction and a conclusion.
8 An article does not require a title.

EXERCISE 3
Fill in the blanks with the correct answer given in the box.
hot polluted chopped dump
Are extinction cleared suffer
Destroyed losing environment

1. Trees are being .. down.

2. Land is being ...
3. Forests being destroyed.
4. Many species of flora and fauna are being
 91

5. Flora and fauna will soon face .

6. They are their natural habitat.
7. Land, air and water are badly .
8. Factories and industrial sites .. toxic waste in the waterways.
9. Open burning has helped in destroying the
10. The land will be so . that people will .. and even die.

QUESTION
#Write an article on Care for the Environment based on the short notes given below.
1. Man responsible destroying the environment
Trees chopped down
Land cleared
Forest destroyed
2. Flora, fauna destroyed
Face extinction losing natural habitat
3. Land, air, water polluted
Factories dumping toxic waste
Destruction of marine life
4. Climatic changes harsh
Hot people suffer die
Not enough trees, forests
Open burning and toxic fumes

Vocabulary builder
Destroying damaging and ruining
Extinction complete destruction
Dump throw away
Toxic poisonous
Marine sea
Harsh severe
Fumes vapours, smoke

# This is merely for classroom practice for the weak students. It does not follow the SPM format

Exercise
Care for the environment
Man is responsible for slowly .. the environment.
More and more trees are being , land is being
. and forests are being ..
 92

In doing so, many species of flora and fauna are destroyed and will soon face .
because they are losing their ...
Land, air and water are badly ... Factories and industrial sites
in the waterways. This has led to the widespread destruction of marine life
including our beautiful corals. Furthermore,.. and toxic fumes have helped
in destroying the environment.
will soon be harsh. The land will be so hot that
people will suffer and even die because of the heat.
It is up to us to do something about this and show that we care for our environment.
Otherwise we will ..

Sample answer
Care for the environment
Man is responsible for slowly destroying the environment.
More and more trees are being chopped down, land is being cleared and forests are being
destroyed.
In doing so, many species of flora and fauna are destroyed and will soon face extinction
because they are losing their natural habitat.
Land, air and water are badly polluted. Factories and industrial sites dump toxic waste in the
waterways. This has led to the widespread destruction of marine life including our beautiful corals.
Furthermore, open burning and toxic fumes have helped in destroying the environment.
Climatic changes will soon be harsh. The land will be so hot that people will suffer and even
die because of the heat.
It is up to us to do something about this and show that we care for our environment.
Otherwise we will pay dearly for our actions.

HELPFUL PHRASES TO REMEMBER

IT IS. PHRASES
1 It is interesting to know something different.
2 It is vital for us to learn something new every day.
3 It is very precious and valuable.
4 It is good for our health.
5 It is the best thing to do for our country.
6 It is a great and fantastic thing to do.
7 It is essential that we drink at least 8 glasses of water.
8 It is important in our life.
9 It is our responsibility to report the matter to the police.
10 It is our duty to act smartly.

THERE ARE / IS .. PHRASES

1 There was an accident in front of the school.
2 There are many advantages that we may get from it.
3 There is a boy waiting for you.
4 There is a place where you can relax and unwind.
5 There are times when things can go wrong.
6 There were several men buying tickets at the counters.
 93

7 There are some cases of bullies in my school.

8 There is a nice place for you to hang out.

WE SHOULD .. , WE MUST. WE HAVE TO PHRASES

1 We should make sure that everything is fine
2 We should work together as a team.
3 We have to do our best to make things better.
4 We have to think about the matter seriously.
5 We should write to the authority.
6 We must inform the principal immediately.
7 We must not take anything for granted.
8 We have to stop it.

IT IS/ IT CAN./ IT + VERBS PHRASES

1 It can improve the quality of life.
2 It enriches our experiences.
3 It is good for our country.
4 It encourages co-operation.
5 It is for the next generation.
6 It is important for our survival.
7 It reflects on our culture and identity.
8 It helps to generate new ideas.

FORMAL LETTER
Things to remember when writing a formal letter:
1. Give the letter the formal layout
2. Understand the purpose for writing
3. Strike the appropriate tone
4. Use appropriate greetings, opening and closing expressions
5. Get to the point immediately
6. Be polite
7. Arrange the content in a neat and logical order
8. Use short words and simple terms
9. Be concise but accurate in conveying the message

Format of a Formal Letter

1. The senders address - not your name - at the top left hand corner
2. A line across
3. The recipients address
 94

4. The date - month must be spelled out in capital letters.

5. The greeting or salutation.
The first letter of Sir in Dear Sir should be spelt in capital.
6. The subject heading (the title - underline )
7. The body of the letter depends on the points given
8. Note of thanks
9. Complimentary close.
For complimentary close, only Yours faithfully can be used in a formal letter. The word yours
is spelt with a small s. Put a comma after the word faithfully.
10. Signature of writer
11. Name of writer (in capital letters)

Useful guidelines in formal correspondence

1. Salutations (Greetings)
Examples: Dear Sir,
Dear Madam,
2. The opening of the letter
Example: The above matter is referred.
Avoid beginning the letter with the participle form.
Example: Referring to the money .
3. The body of the letter
- Convey your message in a simple, clear and concise manner
- Discuss one point in one paragraph
- Elaborate all the points
- Ensure that your language is grammatically correct
- Use clear-cut and straightforward sentences
- Use sequence and logical connectors such as other than that, furthermore, besides that,
nevertheless, whereas to present your ideas
- Avoid vague expressions, jargon and colloquial language such as I like to build a pond
also, You want to see our school progress, right?

4. The end of the letter

- A carefully expressed statement can round off your letter satisfactorily
 95

- Avoid expressions in the participle form

Example: Hoping that my suggestions will be taken into consideration
- Use this expression
Example: I hope that you will take my suggestions into consideration

Exercise 1
Read the situations given. Identify the recipient and write the appropriate subject/title for each
situation.

a) You have visited the National Museum. You discovered that the staff were rude and unfriendly.
Write a letter to the curator to ask him to look into the matter urgently.

Recipient
Title

b) You have just finished your university education. You read an advertisement from a company
looking for an assistant research officer. Write a letter applying for the post.

Recipient
Title

c) Your mother had just been discharged from a hospital. You are very pleased with the excellent
care and services from the medical staff. Write a letter, praising them for a job well done.

Recipient
Title

d) You have read about a very interesting resort in Pulau Pangkor. You decided to spend your
school holidays with your family there. Write a letter to the resorts management to ask for
further details so you can plan your trip there.

Recipient
Title
 96

1. WRITING A FORMAL LETTER

Writing a formal letter can be difficult for some students but with the right guidance and some
practices it can be made easy. When writing a formal letter, you must pay attention to the format or
layout of the letter. Besides, you must also keep it short and straight to the point. Also, make sure your
points or ideas are well-presented. Most importantly, pay attention to the tone and language.
A formal letter must be polite. There is no need to be rude even if you are expressing your
anger or dissatisfaction. Remember, you should not use informal letter language or contractions in a
letter of this nature.
These days, there are several formats available for writing formal letters but we will only look
at the format which is used in the Malaysian government departments and taught in the Malaysian
school system.

SAMPLE QUESTION 1

You are the Secretary of the Residents Association in your housing estate. Write a letter to the director
of the local municipal council to complain about the problems you and the other residents are facing.

In your letter, include the following details:

rubbish not collected

causes terrible stench
stray cats and dogs scatter rubbish
clogged drains
breeding ground for mosquitoes
increase in cases of dengue fever
street lights not working
cause accidents at night
increase in crime
 97

playground not well- maintained

overgrown grass
playground equipment damaged

When writing your letter, you should remember to:

set it out in the correct format
include all the points given
address the letter to the director of the local municipal council

HANDY PHRASES WHEN WRITING A FORMAL LETTER:

I am writing this letter

With regard to the above matter.
The purpose of writing this letter
..the dismal/unpleasant condition(s)..
On behalf of
I am representing..
One of the main grouses.
Another complaint is .
.the council will look into.
.take prompt action..
Yours faithfully,
Yours sincerely, mind the S and comma [,]!!

CONNECTORS ADJECTIVES
First and foremost Unpleasant
Also Dismal
So, thus Terrible
As well Stagnant
Besides, Beside that, instead of Ideal
that,
Furthermore, in addition,
additionally, moreover,
Not only.but

TIPS TO PONDER:
 98

You can always attempt to simplify and modify any essay by referring to the points given. Simplifying
and modifying processes may help you to form complete sentences based on the points given. As
possible, try to elaborate the points given in order to get better marks.

SAMPLE 1

Haliza bt Khairul,
10, Jalan Jujur,
Taman Jayadiri, senders address
35300 Tapah,
Perak

The Director,
Tapah Municipal Council,
Bangunan Mentari, receivers address
35300 Tapah,
Perak 15 JUNE 2016

Dear Sir/Madam address both if you are not sure of the receivers gender.

Poor Maintenance of Taman Jayadiri reference- issue you want to write about

I am writing this letter on behalf of the residents of Taman Jayadiri to complain about the
unpleasant conditions we have been putting up with to face for the past three months.

2. One of the main problems of the residents concerns is the uncollected rubbish (point 1).
Initially, rubbish was collected three times a week. However, since June this year the garbage
collectors have only been coming once a week. Our litter bins are always filled to the brim and
we have no choice but to leave our bags of rubbish next to the bins. The rotting waste causes a
terrible stench (point 2). Worse still, As a result, stray cats and dogs scatter the rubbish (point
3) while looking for food. This is not only unpleasant but also unhealthy.

3. Most of the drains in Taman Jayadiri are clogged (point 4) with rubbish. resulting in the water
Thus, the water become stagnant. It is not uncommon to see plastic bags, bottles and dry leaves
in these drains. There is an urgent need to clear these drains as the stagnant water is It has
become an ideal breeding ground for mosquitoes (point 5). The residents are worried as there has
been an a sharp increase in dengue cases (point 6) in the last two months.

4. The street lights along several roads are also not working (point 7). This has caused several
accidents at night. (point 8) mostly involving motorcyclists as they are unable to see in the dark.
Unfortunately, the dark streets have also led to another problem an increase in crime (point
9). Several residents, especially women, have fallen victim to snatch thieves.

5. The one and only playground in our area is also not well-maintained (point 10). The grass is
overgrown (point 11) as it has not been cut for almost three months. Besides, the playground
equipment is damaged (point 12). Many of the see-saws and swings have been spoiled by vandals.

I hope the council will look into our complaints and take prompt quick action to solve our
problems.
 99

Thank you.

Yours faithfully,
pen down your signature here and dont forget to write your name
AimanBaharom in CAPITAL LETTER in the parentheses.
(MOHD AIMAN B BAHAROM)

SIMPLIFIED VERSION 1

Haliza bt Khairul,
10, Jalan Jujur,
Taman Jayadiri, senders address
35300 Tapah,
Perak

The Director,
Tapah Municipal Council,
Bangunan Mentari, receivers address
35300 Tapah,
Perak . 15 JUNE 2016

Dear Sir/Madam address both if you are not sure of the receivers gender.

Poor Maintenance of Taman Jayadiri reference- issue you want to write about

I am writing this letter on behalf of the residents of Taman Jayadiri to complain about the
unpleasant conditions we have been putting up with to face for the past three months.
@
With regard to the above matter, I am writing this letter on behalf of the residents of Taman
Jayadiri to complain about the dismal unpleasant conditions we have been putting up with faced
for the past three months.

2. One of the main problems of the residents concerns is the uncollected rubbish (point 1).
 100

Initially, rubbish was collected three times a week. However, since June this year the garbage
collectors have only been coming once a week. Our litter bins are always filled to the brim and
we have no choice but to leave our bags of rubbish next to the bins. The rotting waste causes a
terrible stench (point 2). Worse still, As a result, stray cats and dogs scatter the rubbish (point
3) while looking for food. This is not only unpleasant but also unhealthy.

3. Most of the drains in Taman Jayadiri are clogged (point 4) with rubbish. resulting in the water
Thus, the water become stagnant. It is not uncommon to see plastic bags, bottles and dry leaves
in these drains. There is an urgent need to clear these drains as the stagnant water is It has
become an ideal breeding ground for mosquitoes (point 5). The residents are worried as there has
been an a sharp increase in dengue cases (point 6) in the last two months.

4. The street lights along several roads are also not working (point 7). This has caused several
accidents at night. (point 8) mostly involving motorcyclists as they are unable to see in the dark.
Unfortunately, the dark streets have also led to another problem an increase in crime (point
9). Several residents, especially women, have fallen victim to snatch thieves.

5. The one and only playground in our area is also not well-maintained (point 10). The grass is
overgrown (point 11) as it has not been cut for almost three months. Besides, the playground
equipment is damaged (point 12). Many of the see-saws and swings have been spoiled by vandals.

I hope the council will look into our complaints and take prompt quick action to solve our
problems.

Thank you.

Yours faithfully,
pen down your signature here and dont forget to write your name
AimanBaharom in CAPITAL LETTER in the parentheses.
(MOHD AIMAN B BAHAROM)

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ANOTHER USEFUL TIPS:

1. Make a simple introduction. Use the information in the question to write your introduction.
2. Rewrite the points given in complete sentences. Elaborate each of the points given by giving simple
details. Ask WH-questions to help you to elaborate.
3. Organise the letter into several paragraphs.
4. You should be able to differentiate between COMPLAIN[VERB] AND COMPLAINT [NOUN]
and use them correctly.
5. Make sure the correct format is used in writing the formal letter.

Haliza bt Khairul,
10, Jalan Jujur,
Taman Jayadiri,
35300 Tapah,
Perak
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Director,
 101

Tapah Municipal Council,

Bangunan Mentari,
35300 Tapah,
Perak 15 JUNE 2016

Dear Sir/Madam ,
Poor Maintenance of Taman Jayadiri

I am writing
With regard to
the above matter, this letter on behalf of the residents of Taman Jayadiri to complain about the
I am writing
Upleasant face
conditions we have to for the past three months.
Dismal endure
Terrible tolerate
problems rubbish As a result,
.
issues garbage Thus, stray cats and dogs
2. One of the is . scatter the rubbish while
Main matters the uncollected So, looking for food.
As a
consequence
3 Instead of that, most of clogged with rubbish. As a result, The
. Other than the drains in choked garbage. Thus, water
that, Taman
Besides, Jayadiri are blocked plastics. As a consequence,
bottles. So,
has become stagnant. It has an ideal breeding ground. for The
standstill. become place. mosquitoes. residents
a perfect habitat are
worried as
feared because there has been an increase in dengue cases in the last few months.

4 Additionally, working. This has caused and an

. Moreover, the streetlights functioning several accidents at as well as increase
are also not in order. night in crime.

5 Furthermore, Area are well-kept.

. not
the one and only The grass is overgrown
Other than housing well-
playground in our as it has not been
that, area maintained.

cut Besides, damaged.

for almost
trimmed Additionally, the playground ruined.
three
mowed equipment is vandalised.
months.
 102

prompt
I hope the council will look into our complaints and
quick action to solve our problems.
take
immediate

Thank you.

Yours faithfully,

AimanBaharom
(MOHD AIMAN B BAHAROM)
 103

SAMPLE 2
LETTER OF COMPLAINT

There are a few matters in your school which could be improved. You and your classmates have had a
meeting and decided to write a formal letter of complaint to the principal. As the class monitor, you
have been asked to write the letter. In your letter, include the following:

Classroom:
Unsafe wooden chairs
Fans not working

Toilets:
Broken doors
Unhygienic canteen
Limited choices of foods
High price of foods

When writing the letter, you should remember to:

Set out the letter correctly
Use all the notes given
Elaborate each note appropriately

__________________________________________________________________________________

Abdul Halim bin Hamzah,

Class 5 Kreatif,
SMK Khir Johari,
35900 Tanjong Malim.
Perak

Principal,
SMK Khir Johari,
35900 Tanjong Malim.
Perak 26 JULY 2016

Dear Sir,
COMPLAINTS ABOUT SCHOOL MATTERS

I, the monitor of 5 Indah, on behalf of my classmates, would like to

complain about a few matters that my friends and I are not happy with. Who are you? What are
We would like to highlight several issues about classrooms, toilets and you representing? Why
canteen. did you write the letter?

2. First of all, it is about the unsafe wooden chairs in our What is the issue?
classroom. We have no problems sitting on wooden chairs but the chairs
must be safe. The chairs are easily broken. Six of my classmates
 104

accidentally fell down from the unstable chairs last month. Besides, What happened?
all the fans are not working. The fans were repaired a few times but How is the situation?
they only functioned well for a few days. We really feel uncomfortable What is the effect?
especially during hot days. When?

3. Our next complaint is about the school toilets. The boys and What?
girls toilets at Block A are in a very bad condition. The doors are Which Toilets?
broken. Last week, my friends and I saw some bad-tempered students What happened to the
kick and damage the toilet doors. Moreover, all the students toilets are doors?
unhygienic most of the time. We rarely see workers cleaning the How were the doors
toilets. We cannot stand the smell anymore. broken?
How the situation of the
toilets?
What is the effect?
4. Finally, we are unhappy about the school canteen. There are Issues?
limited choices of foods. For your information, the canteen only sells What are the examples
fried rice and fried noodle. We have been eating the same foods since last foods served? Since
year. In addition, you must also know about the high prices of foods. when?
One small plate of fried rice is RM2.50 and a plate of plain noodle is How much do the foods
RM2.00. cost?

5. We really hope you will look into our complaints and take actions immediately. Thank you for
your attention and support.

Yours faithfully,
Abdul Halim
(ABDUL HALIM BIN HAMZAH)
Monitor of 5 Kreatif

Activities that may help your students:

Discuss the letter with your students.
Ask them to list the difficult words.
Help the students to simplify the above letter by suggesting other appropriate words.
Connectors can always be replaced with others suitable connectors. Help your students to choose
appropriate connectors in context with the sentences. Remember that some students tend to use
inappropriate connectors.
Remind the students that some words maybe similar in meaning but may not be used in certain
sentences.
Encourage our students to give the effects and implications of the mentioned issues/problems.
Short and brief explanations will do.
 105

PRACTICE 1

You are the Secretary of the Residents Association in your housing estate. Write a letter to the
director of the local municipal council to complain about the problems you and the other residents
are facing.

In your letter, include the details below:

rubbish not collected

causes terrible stench
stray cats and dogs scatter rubbish
clogged drains
breeding ground for mosquitoes
increase in cases of dengue fever
street lights not working
cause accidents at night
increase in crime
playground not well- maintained
overgrown grass
playground equipment damaged

When writing your letter, you must remember to:

lay out the letter correctly
(addresses date, salutation, title, closing)
include all the points given

Note:
For your letter, you will receive up to 15 marks for the format and content points and up
to
20 marks for the quality of your writing.

SAMPLE FORMAL LETTER

 106

content EXERCISE

senders _______________________________
address _______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________

The Director,
recipients __________________ Municipal Council,
address _______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________. 15 SEPTEMBER
2016
Salutation
Dear Sir,
Subject

Introductio
I am writing this letter on behalf of the residents of Taman Indah. We wish to complain
n
about___________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
____________.

2. One of the main problems of the residents concern the _______________________

(C1). Initially, rubbish was collected ________a week. However, since June this year the
garbage collectors have only been coming __________________________________.
Our litter bins are always filled to the brim and we have no choice but to leave our bags
of rubbish next to the bins. The rotting waste causes _____________________________
(C2). Worse still, ____________________________________________________ (C3)
while looking for food. This is not only unpleasant but _________________________.
 107

3. Most of the drains _________________________________________________ (C4)

resulting in the water becoming stagnant. It is not uncommon to see plastic bags, bottles
and dry leaves in these drains. There is an urgent need to clear these drains as the
stagnant water is ____________________________________________________ (C5).
The residents are worried _________________________________________________.
_________________________________________ (C6) in the last two months.

4. The street lights

along______________________________________________________(C 7). This has
caused ________________________________________________________ (C8),
mostly involving motorcyclists as they are unable _____________________________.
Unfortunately, the dark streets have also led to
___________________________________(C 9). Several residents, especially
women______________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________

5. The one and only playground in our area is _____________________________ (C10).

_______________________________________________________________________
Conclusion (C11) as it has not been cut for almost three months. Besides, _____________________
_______________damaged (C12). Many of the see-saws and swings have fallen victims
to vandals.

senders I hope
name and _______________________________________________________________________
signature _______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________

Thank you.
Yours faithfully,
..
 108

(_____________________________________)

Format of Informal Letter

123, Taman ABC, F1

25000 Kuantan. Senders address

Date
3 March 2015 F2
Salutation (Dear name)
Dear Atilia, (name)

F3
Your friend, (DO NOT USE Yours faithfully) Signing off
Betty

Useful Expressions in Informal Letter

Opening remarks :

Asking about the persons health

I. How are you? I hope you and your family are in the best of health.
II. I hope my letter finds you in the best of health.
III. I received your letter on Thank you

Asking what the reader has been doing lately

I. Did you go on a holiday to Pulau Langkawi?
II. I am happy that you have settled well in your new school.

Expressing happiness / sorrow / regret, etc

I. Thank you for the letter that I received two days ago. I am happy to know that you and
your family are doing fine.
II. I am sorry to hear that your aunt passed away.

Closing remarks :

Do write to me as soon as possible. I am looking forward to receiving a reply from you.

Do write to me when you have the time. Take care.

Do write and let me know how you did in the exam. I am waiting patiently for your reply.

I hope you will reply soon. Bye for now.

I am looking forward to hearing from you.

 109

Take care and please convey my regards to your family.

Informal Letter

You have just returned from a school trip during the school semester break recently. Write a letter to
your cousin telling him / her about your trip.
Use the notes given below to write your letter.
* destination of the trip
* date of the school trip
* the number of people went on the trip
* mode of transportation
* accommodation
* the duration of your stay
* three activities you did during your stay
* three values you learnt during the trip

When writing the letter, you should remember :

to lay out your letter correctly [address, salutation, closing]
to use all the notes given
that the letter is to your cousin

Note:
For your letter, you will receive 3 marks for the format, 12 marks for the content points, and 20
marks for the quality of your writing.

PRACTICE 1

Guideline for students

.
. F1 address
.

... 2016 Date

Dear , F2 name
Introduction
How are you? Im fine and I hope youre fine too. I have just returned
(from the
.
rubric)
So, in this letter I
will ..
C1
For my school trip, I went to C2 , C3
 110

....................................
C4
I went there on . 2016. Altogether,
students and . teachers went on this trip. After the teachers made
sure that everyone was there, we boarded ... We started
C5
. We
C6 , C7
headed straight to the Lumut jetty. At the jetty,
(activity)

Once in Pulau Pangkor, we were immediately taken to our

C8
accommodation,
(the 2nd activity)
... I
C9
stayed in one .. with .
(the 3rd activity)
friends. We stayed in .. for
days. On the first day,
..
Additional

activity, if

needed

The following day, after breakfast, we

..

Then, we also (values)

C10 , C11

C12
.
..
Closing

F3 sign off

The next morning, we went

 111

..

On our final day, before we left,

..
...

... Then, at 12pm,

...... We arrived at school at
. Overall, it was a
trip. From this trip, I learnt that
....... and
. Moreover, I learnt

Okay, I have to pen off now. I hope to

.....
Take care and goodbye.
Your cousin,
.

Model Answer
NO 4 Jalan Bahagia,
Taman Bunga Raya,
31250 Ipoh, Perak.

17 June 2016
 112

Dear Abu,

Hi, how are you? I am fine here and I hope you are fine too. I have just returned from a school
trip during the school semester break recently. So, in this letter I will tell you about my trip.

For my school trip, I went to Pulau Pangkor. I went there on 30 th May 2016. Altogether, thirty
students and four teachers went on this trip. After the teachers made sure that everyone was there, we
boarded the chartered bus. We started our journey around 7 in the morning. We headed straight to the
Lumut jetty. At the jetty, we took a ferry to Pulau Pangkor.

Once in Pulau Pangkor, we were immediately taken to our accommodation, Rasa Sayang
Chalet in Teluk Nipah beach. I stayed in one chalet with three of my friends. We stayed in Rasa Sayang
Chalet for 4 days. On the first day, we had a campfire by the beach. We told each other ghost stories
while eating snacks. Our teachers told us some stories too. We had a lot of fun.

The next day, after breakfast, we went to the beach. Much to our delight, we saw a few canoes
on the sea. We quickly put on our lifejackets and got on the canoes. An instructor taught us how to
canoe. At first it was not easy but soon we got the hang of it. We canoed until it was lunch time.

After lunch we met at the beach again. It was time to go jet skiing. My friends and I had so
much fun jet skiing. We were all disappointed when our teacher said it was time to stop. We all had
an early night.

The next morning, we went island hopping. We saw many interesting flora and fauna. I took
many pictures of the beautiful Gods creation. We only came back to Teluk Nipah in the evening. It
was a very tiring day, so we didnt do any activities at night.

On our final day, before we left, we cleaned the beach and threw all the rubbish into the bins.
We made sure that it looked the same as the day we arrived. Then, at 12pm, after packing our things,
we checked out. We arrived at school at 3.30pm. Overall, it was a tiring, yet enjoyable trip. From this
trip, I learnt that we must be independent and manage our time well. Moreover, I learnt about team
building.

Okay, I have to pen off now. Hope to hear from you soon on how you spent your semester
break. Take care and goodbye.

Your cousin,

Alisha

REPORT

Format of Report
 113

To : The Principal, SMK Kubang Pasu F1 - To

Date :
Title : Report On Vandalism F2 - Title
(Report On..)

Reported by, F3
Lee From
LEE LI LI (Reported by
Secretary & name
Sports Committee & post)

There are various reports to write:

annual reports for societies / clubs
newspaper reports
reports based on surveys, charts, graphs, and tables

How do you do it?

Step 1 : Determine the purpose and the audience of the report. Use a formal tone.
Step 2 : Plan your answer by taking into account all the points given and the elaboration needed.
Step 3 : Give a suitable title
Step 4 : End with your name and post.

WRITING A REPORT

Disciplinary cases have been an ongoing problem occurring in many schools in our country nowadays.
As the Head Prefect of your school, you have been asked by your teacher to write a report about the
problems and suggestions to solve this matter.
 114

Use the notes given below to write your report.

Problems:
smoking
bullying
gangsterism
vandalism
playing truant
theft

Suggestions
parents attention
counselling sessions
ongoing monitoring
motivational talk

When writing the report, you should remember to:

address your report to the Principal

provide a title
include your name
use all the notes given
suggest two other ways the community can contribute in solving disciplinary problems

Guideline for students

To : F1 To
(persons
Date : .. position)

Title : F2- Title

Disciplinary cases have been Introductio

n : (from
................................... the rubric)

C1
Firstly, one of the problems is C2
 115

C3
Next, the problem is .. Thirdly, the

problem is .

Furthermore, C4

.. C5
is another disciplinary case happening in school. Another problem is .
C6
... Lastly, the disciplinary

problem is
C7
One of the ways to solve the problem is by getting .

. to solve this matter. Next, this problem can be solved C8

through C9

C10

. ..

could also be done. Furthermore,

from teachers and parents should be done continuously.

C11 (own
There are two other ways the community can contribute in solving these point)

disciplinary problems. Firstly, C12 (own

point)
. Secondly,

...

Closing
In conclusion, the above are the problems of disciplinary cases and ways to (your hopes
for the
overcome them. I hope future
generation)
...

Reported by,

. F3
 116

(.) Signing off

(with name
and
position)

Model Answer:

To : The Principal, Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Paser Pinji

Date : 20 June 2016

Title : Report On Disciplinary cases

Disciplinary cases have been ongoing problem occurring in many schools in our country
nowadays. As the Head Prefect of this school, I have been asked to write a report about the problems
and suggestions to solve this matter.

Firstly, one of the problems is smoking. Next, the problem is bullying. Thirdly, the problem
is gangsterism. Furthermore, vandalism is another disciplinary case happening in school. Another
problem is playing truant. Lastly, the disciplinary problem is theft.

One of the ways to solve the problem is by getting parents attention to address this matter.
Next, this problem can be solved through counseling sessions. Ongoing monitoring could also be done.
Furthermore, motivational talks from teachers and parents should be done continuously.

There are two other ways the community can contribute in solving these disciplinary problems.
Firstly, they should report to the police if they see any crimes happening in their neighbourhood.
Secondly, campaign on good behaviour can be held in the community at least twice a year.

In conclusion, the above are the problems of disciplinary cases and ways to overcome them. I
hope we will be able to overcome this serious problem in order to produce good citizens of Malaysia.

Reported by,
amir hafiz
(AMIR HAFIZ BIN AZIZ)
Head Prefect

CONTINUOUS WRITING
Descriptive Writing
 117

INTRODUCTION
A descriptive composition is a description of certain topics with vivid details to appeal to the senses of
the reader. Such compositions can be on people, places, events, things or feelings.
Examples of types of descriptive compositions:
1. People
someone you admire or is important in your life
someone who has achieved success
a person you have to describe for a police or school report
a person with unusual features or habits who caught your attention

2. Places
a place of general or tourist interest
a place you have been to and which holds special importance
a childhood place that brings back memories
a place where an event took place

3. Events
an event you have attended or witnessed
a school, national or cultural event
a family event
an event you have to describe in a report

4. Animals or Things
a pet or an item of importance or significance
an animal or item you have to describe a report
an animal or item that catches your interest
process and procedure of preparing something

5. Feelings
for different occasions social and festive
sights of nature
people
things and animals

How To Write Well

The list showing the use of sensory details will help you to write well.
SIGHT

Swaying coconut trees Gentle waves splashing against the beach

Crystal clear blue sea water Children building sandcastles

Big colourful umbrellas Sparkling sand with white speckled

shells
 118

People relaxing on the beach Picturesque / Magnificent / Jaw -

dropping view

SOUND

Birds chirping in the trees Splashing of the waves

Splashing of swimmers Leaves rustling in the wind

Laughter filled in the air Chatter and laughter of

children

Children screaming and crying the pitter patter of feet

TASTE

Salty seawater Fresh coconut water

An icy cold drink Sweet and creamy ice

cream

Spicy curry Delicious mouth watering

dishes

TOUCH

Scorching sun Chilly

morning

Icy cold stream / water Cool sea

breeze

Sand between the toes Slippery floor

tiles
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FEELINGS

Positive feelings
on top of the world over the moon breathtaking view

magnificent building as pleased as Punch on cloud nine

in great form full of joy of spring spectacular sunset

marvelous time captivating sight superb panorama

a palpable sense of amazing discovery terrific place

excitement

Negative feelings
feel blue run out of steam miserable cold day

upsetting experience under the weather bored to death

unpleasant day awful time chaotic roads

deserted village nerve racking terrified out of your

journey wits

DESCRIPTION OF PEOPLE
 120

personality
traits

Description of physical
past event
People description

reason for
interest

What to Include When Describing a Person

1. Brief introduction a) name
of the person b) relationship with you, if any
c) age

2. Physical
Description
elegant, untidy, shabby, attractive, polite, well dressed, stylish,
a) Appearance simple, smart, chubby, unkempt

muscular, obese, tall, slim, slender, stout, well built, petite, short,
b)Height and build fat, plump, overweight, etc

dark, pale, wrinkles, oval shaped, round, pretty, broad, etc

c) Face
curly, straight, wavy, silky, blonde, crew cut, bald, shoulder
d) Hair
length, pigtails, ponytail, flat tops, spiky, bun, etc

e) Special features a scar, a beard, a moustache, a mole, a dimple, a pimple, freckles,

etc
f) Skin or
complexion freckles, fair, dark, smooth, wrinkles

g) Hands long and skinny fingers, huge, narrow, soft, tiny, rough palms, etc

muscular, skinny, flabby, etc

h) Leg or arms
crooked, sharp
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i) Nose
thin lips, thick lips, toothless smile, yellow teeth, etc.
j) Mouth

3. Personality Traits

a) Positive qualities kind, helpful, considerate, hard working, easy going, diligent,
generous, caring, sociable, confident, likeable, open minded,
thrifty, frank, jovial, humble, honest, patient, understanding,
sensible, etc
b) Negative
qualities stubborn, lazy, bossy, weird, aggressive, narrow minded, stingy,
unfriendly, snobbish, selfish, irresponsible, rude, impatient,
irrational
c) Simile
as alike as two peas
as cunning as a fox
as good as gold
as stubborn as a mule
as fit as a fiddle
as wise as an owl
as agile as a monkey
as silent as the grave
as cool as a cucumber
as brave as a lion
as white as snow
as slow as a tortoise

4. Reason for
Interest
spicy foods, interesting books, soothing music, action packed
a) Likes movies, shopping, etc

sweet and sour foods, noisy and crowded places, rough streets
b) Dislikes
laughs when alone / talks to himself / bites her nails
c) Habits
sports such as games, swimming and playing football
d) Hobbies
indoor games such as chess and board games
interest such as cooking, sewing, camping

5. Past Events sweet memories went camping together / cooked together

bitter / unhappy moments
 122

PRACTICE 1: Describe someone you consider to be your best friend.

Guideline for the students:
Introduction:
-Your expectation of I want to have a friend who is
a
_______________________________. Well, that was my idea of a best friend
friend
-Who is she / he? before I met this special girl, ___________ when we were in Form ________.
-How old is she / he?
She is ______ years old. Little did I know that she would become my best
-How long do you
know friend. I had only known her for _______ months but we bonded so well and
her / him?
so fast that we soon became inseparable / best friends.

Paragraph 1:
Physical description __________ has _____________________ hair which is
- hair and its colour __________in colour. Her biggest attraction is her _____________________
- eyes
eyes. Another feature that stands out is her __________ mouth which shows
- mouth
- elaboration her skills in talking and cracking jokes. She always
___________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

Paragraph 2:
Physical description One would think that with a _________ body like hers, she is
- body weakling. On the contrary, she has the strength of ______________. This we
- looks got to know during our sports practice. She was the one who would throw the
shot put the furthest, beating even the boys. Do not be fooled by her
__________ looks as looks can be deceiving. Have you not heard the saying,
Never judge a book by its cover?
Paragraph 3:
Personality traits __________ can be quite ___________ at times as she does
- behaviour + extraordinary things which normal people will not do. For example,
example ____________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
- qualities + _________ is also very _________________ and __________________. One
 123

examples day,
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________.
Paragraph 4:
-Similarities / There is one thing common about the two of us. We are very
Reason for Interest + _________. Both of us are
Example _______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
__
_______________________________________________________________
__
_______________________________________________________________
__ When she doesnt come to school, I will miss her a lot.

Ending:
-Hopes / wishes She may not be perfect but she is one friend I will never forget. I will
always treasure the wonderful times I have with her as she is as good as gold.

Question: Describe someone you consider to be your best friend

Sample Essay:

My best friend has to be special, talented, beautiful and smart. She also has to be popular and
liked by everyone. Does that not sound like a perfect person? Well, that was my idea of a best friend
before I met this special girl, Nadia, when we were in Form 4. Little did I know that she would become
my best friend. I had only known her for ten months but we bonded so well and so fast that we soon
became inseparable.
Nadia has curly, shoulder length hair which is black in colour. Her biggest attraction is her big
and beautiful brown eyes. Another feature that stands out is her wide mouth which shows her skills in
talking and cracking jokes. She always has something funny to say about each teacher who walks into
the class and of course that will send me into fits of laughter.
One would think that with a petite body like hers, she is weakling. On the contrary, she has the
strength of an elephant. This we got to know during our sports practice. She was the one who would
 124

throw the shot put the furthest, beating even the boys. Do not be fooled by her innocent looks as
looks can be deceiving. Have you not heard the saying, Never judge a book by its cover?
Nadia can be quite crazy at times as she does extraordinary things which normal people will not
do. For example, one day after playing a board game with a friend, she lost. One of the boys dared her
to stand up in the middle of a physics lesson and let her hair loose, and guess what? She did it. Nadia is
also very caring and sensitive. There was one Friday when she refused to talk to me. I was very hurt
but I left her alone. Later on that night, she sent me a message and apologized. She has a temper yet
she is willing to humble herself and learn from her mistakes.
There is one thing common about the two of us. We are very talkative. Both of us are the
noisiest people in class. We have a lot of fun together and we cannot help laughing at the slightest
thing. Teachers will constantly call out our names and ask us to pay attention. When she doesnt come
to school, I will miss her a lot.
She may not be perfect but she is one friend I will never forget. I will always treasure the
wonderful times I have with her as she is as good as gold.

DESCRIPTION OF PLACE

When did you

go

Description of What is it
Feelings
Place famous for

Activities

What to Include When Describing a Place

 125

1. Name of the place a) location beach, scenic island, village, city

b) background rare species of flora and fauna, cool evergreen forest,
many buildings, skyscrapers

2. What is it famous
for
fish curry, chicken curry, Penang Laksa, satay, chilli crab, tandoori
a) Food chicken

b)Scenery mountains, valleys, rivers, forests, hot springs

c) Culture Malays, Chinese, Indians, Ibans, Kadazans, Punjabi

e) Fashion
batik clothing, songket
f) Animals
eagles, monkeys, ducks

3. Activities swimming, sunbathing, snorkeling, etc.

watching birds, animals, insects, etc.
playing games football, tennis, card games, board games, etc.
eating a variety of cuisines
trekking in the hills, mountains, forests, etc.
climbing a wall, tree, mountain, etc.
shopping a wide variety of branded items, locally produced
handicraft, etc.

4. Feelings
POSITIVE NEGATIVE
a) Positive
on top of the world feel blue
magnificent building upsetting experience
b) Negative in great form unpleasant day
marvelous time under the weather
a palpable sense of awful time
excitement nerve racking journey
over the moon miserable cold day
as pleased as Punch chaotic roads
on cloud nine
in high spirits

5. Vocabulary
POSITIVE NEGATIVE
a) Positive
 126

exciting activities dull show

b) Negative breathtaking beach depressing scene
magnificent buildings disappointing show
fascinating sunsets tiring event
spectacular views eyesore
picturesque beach boring film
inspiring show deserted town
thrilling performance crowded room
panoramic view
lively town
vibrant people
mouth-watering food

PRACTICE 2 : Describe a place which you usually visit on holiday, and explain why you enjoy going
there.
Guidelines for the students

Introduction:
- Where?
For every school holidays, I love going to __________________
- Compare to your
hometown because it is so unlike my hometown, _________________. ____________ is
- What is it?
____________ that offers visitors many attractions and a place with so much of
(island,
highland, resort) calmness, unlike the hustling and bustling of __________________. There are a
few reasons as to why I enjoy going to _________________.

Paragraph 1:
What is it famous
First, there is __________________. No trip to ___________ is not
for?
- Place of interest complete without
(1)
______________________________________________________________
- Why do you like
it? _______________________________________________________________
View
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

Paragraph 2:
Another attraction that ______________ holds for me is its
- Place of interest
(2) ____________ ______________________________________. On every visit, I
- Why do you like
really look forward to
 127

it? _________________________________________________________________
Activities
___. I also love
you do
____________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
____
_________________________________________________________________
_____

Paragraph 3:
The next attraction in _______________ which I find irresistible is the
- Place of interest
(3) ___________________________ because
- Why do you like
___________________________________
it?
Share your _________________________________________________________________
memory ____. I remember one incident where I was
____________________________________ _.
________________________________________________________________
_____. I will never ever forget that incident for the rest of my life.
Paragraph 4:
- Why do you like
Finally, I can confidently say that there is no other place that offers an
it?
Food array of food than ________________. ______________________ is the
foodies paradise. My trip to _________________ is never complete without
having finger licking meals in _____________________. Not only is the food
mouth watering, but cheap.

Ending: Even though I have been to ________________ for over

100 times, I will never get bored of it. It will always be my favourite place for
vacation.

Question : Describe a place which you usually visit on holiday, and explain why you enjoy going
there.
Sample Essay:
For every school holidays, I love going to Penang because it is so unlike my hometown, Kuala
Lumpur. Penang is an island that offers visitors many attractions and a place with so much of calmness,
 128

unlike the hustling and bustling of Kuala Lumpur. There are a few reasons as to why I enjoy going to
Penang.
First, there is Penang Hill. No trip to Penang is complete without going up to the highest point
of the island by tram. It is an exciting ride as I can see monkeys on both sides as the tram goes up.
When I reach the peak, my heart beats wildly to enjoy the magnificent view. There is no place in Kuala
Lumpur that has this kind of view. By night, the view is even more spectacular because you can see all
the city lights twinkling below you. I can still remember the first time my uncle and aunt brought me
up there after a scrumptious dinner. My jaw dropped upon seeing the million dollar view.
Another attraction that Penang holds for me is its beaches of golden sand, with fringed coconut
trees. On every visit, I really look forward to sunbathing on the isolated beach near my uncle and
aunts home. I also love collecting the beautiful seashells as souvenirs and decorative items. Once, I
even sold the seashells to my friends to raise money for my Interact Club.
The next attraction in Penang which I find irresistible is the Botanical Gardens. Though I enjoy
admiring the colours and smells of the various flowers and plants, I prefer seeing the chattering
monkeys of which the Gardens are full of. I remember one incident where I was bitten by a monkey
while feeding it. My finger was bleeding profusely but I refused to go to the clinic. Luckily the injury
was not serious. I will never ever forget that incident for the rest of my life.
Finally, I can confidently say that there is no other place that offers an array of food than
Penang. Gurney Drive is the foodies paradise. My trip to Penang is never complete without having
finger licking meals in Gurney Drive. Not only is the food mouth watering, but cheap.
Even though I have been to Penang for over 100 times, I will never get bored of it. It will
always be my favourite place for vacation.
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DESCRIPTION OF EVENT

Type of event

Activities in Description of People and

the event Event involvement

Details of
events

What to Include When Describing an Event

1. Type of Event a) Name of event birthday party, independence day, festival, night
market
b) Venue house, hall, Dataran Merdeka, housing area

2. People and
Involvement Number of people

a) Birthday party / Family members, friends

festival celebration

b) Independence People from all races; Malays, Chinese, Indians

day
Hawkers, vendors, neighbourhood
c) Night market

3. Details of Events Time morning, evening, afternoon

Weather windy, sunny, gloomy, rainy
Atmosphere noisy, chaotic, quiet

4. Activities in the
Event
 130

a) Birthday party Balloon bursting, cake cutting, musical chairs, poisonous box

b) festival Cleaning, painting, decorating the house, Prayers, blessings from

celebration the elders, firecrackers

March pass, parade, national anthem song, Silat and Kungfu

c) Independence demonstration
day
Hawkers cooking/shouting out for attention, selling, housewives
bargaining
d) Night market

PRACTICE 3 : Describe a Merdeka Celebration in your hometown.

Guidelines for the students

Introduction:
Last week, ____ 31 st August, Ipoh, along with the other states of
- What event
- When Date Malaysia, ________________ Merdeka Day. As usual, the celebration was held
- Where Place
in the capital city, Ipoh, centred in the main field at Jalan Ipoh. The whole town
was ____________ decorated, national flags and buntings were
______________ from all posts in front of the government offices and schools.
Many buildings also ____________ the state flag. The whole atmosphere was
______________________________________.

Paragraph 1:
The celebration _______________ with a ____________ rally
Participation
- How many comprising ____________ school children. Though the ceremony would only
students
start at ____________a.m., the various uniformed units who were taking part in
- Time to gather
the rally had to assemble at _________________________ at least half an
- Venue
hour earlier. This was because our school faces the main field which is within
- Distance
______________________.

Paragraph 2:
The units then smartly ___________________ towards the field.
- What they did
(activities) By ________ a.m., everyone was ____________ and the combined bands
- describing the
 131

activities started playing _______________________ in readiness for the

- VIP
_____________ arrival. Just 10 minutes later, the __________________
- music / song / arrived, accompanied by his beautiful wife. The cadets __________________
National anthem
while the bands played the__________________
_____________________________________________.

Paragraph 3:
After that, there was a
- Describing
activities _______________________________________ by
- By which school?
________________________, followed by an equally mesmerizing show by
- Additional several primary school children. Other interesting shows included a
activities
_________________________________________________. The brightly
- Adjectives dressed gymnasts were so _____________. They gave a ______________
performance. This

was followed by Silat and Kung Fu demonstrations by the boys school. These
displays were wonderful to see.

Paragraph 4:
After the performance, we ________ some patriotic songs led by
- Describing
activities the State Choir. Then, at sharp _________ a.m., we all ____________ to our
respective schools for lunch before heading home. I was glad that the weather
- Describing the was ________________ on that day. It was neither too _____________, nor
weather
_________________.

Ending:
Although I was very tired, I was truly privileged to witness and
- Feelings
participate in this occasion. I am _____________ to be a Malaysian and may
the countrys unity and peace remain strong.

Question: Describe a Merdeka Celebration in your hometown.

Sample essay:
Last week, on 31st August, Ipoh, along with the other states of Malaysia, celebrated Merdeka
Day. As usual, the celebration was held in the capital city, Ipoh, centred in the main field at Jalan Ipoh.
 132

The whole town was merrily decorated, national flags and buntings were flying from all posts in front
of the government offices and schools. Many buildings also flew the state flag. The whole atmosphere
was quite festive and colourful.
The celebration started off with a grand rally comprising 1000 school children. Though the
ceremony would only start at 8.30 a.m., the various uniformed units who were taking part in the rally
had to assemble at Sekolah Menengah St Michael at least half an hour earlier. This was because our
school faces the main field which is within easy walking distance.
The units then smartly marched off towards the field. By 8.15 a.m., everyone was in position
and the combined bands started playing lively patriotic tunes in readiness for the Mayors arrival. Just
10 minutes later, the Mayor of Ipoh arrived, accompanied by his beautiful wife. The cadets presented
arms while the bands played the National Anthem, Negaraku, followed by the state anthem.
After that, there was a dazzling Malay dance performance by the Cultural Society of Sekolah
Menengah Bandar Baru Putra, followed by an equally mesmerizing show by several primary school
children. Other interesting shows included a gymnastic exhibition by three girls schools. The brightly
dressed gymnasts were so graceful. They gave a fantastic performance. This was followed by Silat
and Kung Fu demonstrations by the boys school. These displays were wonderful to see.
After the performance, we sang some patriotic songs led by the State Choir. Then, at sharp
11.00 a.m., we all went back to our respective schools for lunch before heading home. I was glad that
the weather was so beautiful on that day. It was neither too hot, nor gloomy.
Although I was very tired, I was truly privileged to witness and participate in this occasion. I
am proud to be a Malaysian and may the countrys unity and peace remain strong.

DESCRIPTION OF FEELINGS
 133

Type of
feelings

Effect of the Description of Cause of the

feelings Feelings feelings

Details of the
event

What to Include When Describing Feelings

1. Type of Feelings / Happy, contented, pleased, joyful, delighted, thrilled

memory Sad, distressing, miserable, heartbreaking, upsetting, painful
Shocking, the worst experience
Unforgettable, memorable, treasured, cherished

2. Cause of the
feelings
Exam results, family-related issue, birthday gift, etc
a) Happy
Exam results, family-related issue, death, friendship, etc
b) Sad
Accident, lucky-draw event, friendship, etc
c) Shoking
Friendship, birthday party, winning a competition, etc
d) Unforgettable

3. Details of the When did it happen?

event What happened?
Who was involved?
How did you react?
How did you feel?
 134

4. Effect of the What did you do after that?

feelings Positive effect
Negative effect
Any lesson learnt?

5. List of idioms POSITIVE NEGATIVE

as happy as a lark as clumsy as a bear

bright and breezy as cunning as a fox
forgive and forget as proud as a peacock
leaps and bounds as stubborn as a donkey
live and learn high and dry
safe and sound rant and rave
sink or swim sick and tired
thick and thin skin and bones
up and about at loggerheads
on cloud nine
on top of the world
alls well that ends well

PRACTICE 4 : Describe the worst experience of your life.

Guidelines for the students

Introduction:
I had the ____________ experience of my life while holidaying in
- Type of experience
- When & Where __________________. It happened __________ years ago. During the
December school holidays, my father decided to take us to
__________________. He promised that if I passed my examination with
flying colours, he would take us for a short ___________________. That was
my first visit to __________________. On our final night there, after a long
exhausting tour, I returned to my room. Feeling tired, I went to bed.

Paragraph 1:
Suddenly, _________________ filled the air. At first, I thought it
- What happened?
- Explain your was just a dream. Then, the screams got even ____________. There was a loud
feelings
knock on the door, as if someone was going to break the door. I was
 135

in detail __________________ by the noise. When I opened, I was

__________________ to see my parents standing outside my room, looking
very __________________. Without a single word, they pulled my arm.
_____________________, I joined them and the other guests as they ran up the
hotel steps. Most of them were carrying their belongings in the mad rush to the
rooftop.

Paragraph 2:
The sight from the rooftop was ________________. Giant killer
- Explain what you
saw waves dashed onto the shore, destroying everything in its path. Boats, beach
heard chairs and tables were _________________. Down below, we could hear
felt
sounds of _________________________________________. It was a tsunami.
I had only read on the internet and in books about tsunami. It was a horrifying
sight to the eyes. I closed my eyes and started praying.

Paragraph 3:
We waited until the sea was ___________________. From the
- Explain the after
effects of the event rooftop, all we could see was _________________ everywhere. Wooden
structures had been _____________________ and low buildings looked like
________________________. Many people suffered __________________ in
the incident. Fortunately, my family and I escaped without any injuries.
However, my fathers brand new BMW car was
___________________________________.

Paragraph 4:
Once the situation was under control, we gathered at the lobby of
- Describing the
situation the hotel. It was ________________. I saw many ladies and children
_______________ and some were __________________ prayers.

Ending:
I was ________________ to have been one of the lucky ones to
- Feelings
escape the giant waves. I will never forget my trip to _________________. It
was the ____________________________ experience which I hope to never
encounter again.
 136

Question: Describe the worst experience of your life.

Sample essay:
I had the worst experience of my life while holidaying in Terengganu. It happened 3 years ago.
During the December school holidays, my father decided to take us to Terengganu. He promised that
if I passed my examination with flying colours, he would take us for a short family getaway. That was
my first visit to Terengganu. On our final night there, after a long exhausting tour, I returned to my
room. Feeling tired, I went to bed.
Suddenly, loud screams filled the air. At first, I thought it was just a dream. Then, the screams
got even louder. There was a loud knock on the door, as if someone was going to break the door. I was
rudely awakened by the noise. When I opened, I was surprised to see my parents standing outside my
room, looking very panicky. Without a single word, they pulled my arm. Feeling dazed, I joined them
and the other guests as they ran up the hotel steps in sheer panic. Most of them were carrying their
belongings in the mad rush to the rooftop.
The sight from the rooftop was terrible. Giant killer waves dashed onto the shore, destroying
everything in its path. Boats, beach chairs and tables were swept away. Down below, we could hear
sounds of breaking glass and frantic cries for help. It was a tsunami. I had only read on the internet and
in books about tsunami. It was a horrifying sight to the eyes. I closed my eyes and started praying.
We waited until the sea was calm again. From the rooftop, all we could see was muddy waters
everywhere. Wooden structures had been flattened and low buildings looked like hollow shells of
concrete. Many people suffered serious injuries in the incident. Fortunately, my family and I escaped
without any injuries. However, my fathers brand new BMW car was badly damaged.
Once the situation was under control, we gathered at the lobby of the hotel. It was chaotic. I
saw many ladies and children crying and some were performing prayers.
I was thankful to have been one of the lucky ones to escape the giant waves. I will never forget
my trip to Terengganu. It was the worst and the most horrifying experience which I hope to never
encounter again.
 137

CONTINUOUS WRITING

NOTES FOR TEACHERS:

As possible, encourage weak students to write narratives essays.

USEFUL GUIDE FOR STUDENTS WHEN WRITING NARRATIVE ESSAYS

THE WRITING PROCESS

Brainstorm by asking all the WH-questions.

Encourage students to use adjectives and adverbs.
Students are encouraged to use some direct speeches.
Remember to write in paragraphs.
Use simple active sentences.
Avoid too many conjunctive sentences (sentences tied together withand.) -- Break any
long sentences into two or three sentences.
Avoid starting sentences with But or And.

THE EDITING PROCESS

Check your spelling
o Pay extra attention to unfamiliar words and complicated words.
o Pay extra attention to the words that you always misspelled.
Check your tenses.
o It is better to use past tense (simple past, past continuous and past perfect)
for this type of essay.
o Check the use of modals and infinitives too
Make sure each sentence has a subject and a verb.
See if the subjects and verbs agree with each other.
o Pay attention to the singular and plural nouns
Make sure that each sentence makes sense.
Check the pronouns you use)
o Make sure you use them correctly. For example: a mother MUST be a sheand other
pronouns that can be used are her, hers, herself.

POSSIBLE TOPICS

Your proudest, happiest, or saddest moment

A triumph or failure
A "first" -- date, dance, job interview, day at work, etc.
Your funniest or most embarrassing mistake
A disaster: fire, accident, flood, storm
An argument with a relative or friend
A difficult decision
 138

WRITING STRATEGIES:
The teacher writes a target topic on the blackboard for example A Bank Robbery
The teacher conducts brainstorming session for verbs, nouns, adjectives and adverbs.
Suggested verbs, nouns, adjectives and adverbs are written on the board.

Nouns Verbs Adjectives Adverbs

robbers grabbed afraid suddenly

gunman panicked big quickly
cashier screamed quiet quietly
customers fell fierce carefully
counter hit sharp loudly
gun ran frightened fiercely
knife held
money shouted
phone shot
security guard rushed
bag entered
car saw

The teacher goes over the items and adds some of hers which she/he wishes students to use in the
composition.
Students are asked to brainstorm some simple sentences using any of the words on the board.
(Students are encouraged to form simple sentences of the subject + verb + object pattern.)
Students are encouraged to form simple sentences of the subject + verb + object pattern.

EXAMPLE:
1. Three robbers suddenly rushed into the bank.
2. One robber had a gun.
3. There was a car waiting outside.
4. They shouted at the customers.
5. The customers were afraid.
6. One robber slashed the cashier.
7. He had a sharp knife.
8. One gunman guarded the door.
9. They shot the security guard.
10. They demanded cash.
11. He put all the money in a bag.
12. They ran quickly out of the bank.
13. They drove off in their car.
14. The manager phoned the police.
 139

15. The police rushed to the bank.

The teacher goes through each sentence to correct any errors.

Students read through all the sentences and rearrange the jumbled up sentences.

NOTE: This is for students who are very weak in writing. The key to good narrative is to
bring the incident to life for your reader.

*****we can provide our students with sample essays and train them to separate compound ans
complex sentences into short sentences. It is to help them to minimise errors in their writing.

SAMPLE ESSAY 1

A Dream/ An Unexpected Visitor/Home Alone

The doorbell rang loudly. It rang again almost immediately. The sound was asking for attention, but
little
Ramya hardly heard it. She was watching a funny cartoon. Reluctantly Ramya dragged herself to the
door. Her right hand touched the knob and she found herself opening the door.
Suddenly she remembered her mothers strict instructions. Never open the door before you see
who is outside through the keyhole. It was too late. The door was pushed open and a strange man
rushed into the room. She stepped away. The man looked weird as he had very big ears like those of an
elephant. On his had he had only one eye instead of two. His neck was very long. He was only a little
taller than Ramya.
Ramya realised he was an alien. She also suddenly remembered she was alone at home. What
was she to do now? She wished she had been more careful and looked through the key-hole before
opening the door. The bell was ringing again, more insistently. Someone was also banging on the door.
The person outside was losing her patience.
Ramya woke up with a start at the ringing of the bell. She had been sleeping on the couch
watching television. She hobbled to the door. She saw through the keyhole. It was her mother. Ramya
opened the door. What a relief. It had all been a dream

SIMPLIFIED VERSION.
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The doorbell rang loudly. The doorbell rang again. Rathisa did not hear the sound. She was watching
a funny cartoon. She lazily opened the door. Her mother always told her not to open the door before
you see who is outside through the keyhole. It was too late. Someone pushed the door open. She saw a
strange man dashed into the room.
She fearfully looked at the man. The man looked weird. He was taller than Rathisa. He had two
big ears. He looked like an elephant. He had only one eye, long neck. He was taller than Rathisa.
Rathisa realised he was an alien. She was so scared. She was alone at home. What should she do now?
She wished she had been more careful before opening the door.
Suddenly, she heard the bell rang again. Someone banged on the door. The banging sounds
grew louder and louder. Rathisa woke up and found herself on the sofa. She ran to the door. She saw
through the keyhole. It was her mother. Rathisa opened the door. What a relief. It had all been a
dream.

PRACTICE 1: Now, assist and guide your students to simplify the following sample essays.

SAMPLE ESSAY 2

My Baby-Sitting Experience / An Unforgettable Experience

One day, my parents had to go off for some hours to visit a sick relative. So I was left in charge of my
baby sister. She is four years old and very mischievous. When lunch time came, I seated her at the
dining table. She spilt the food all over her and did not want me to feed her. I had to clear up the mess
and clean her up. Taking care of her was a difficult task as she was reluctant to have her dress changed.
She was also crying all the time.
Next, she wanted to sleep. So I put her in her cot but she was restless and wanted a drink. When
she finished her drink, I thought my job was over and I could have some peace. But, no, she wanted to
listen to a story and I had to read her one until she finally fell asleep. I then took the opportunity to
watch a TV programme. Unfortunately, the noise woke her up and she let out a cry. So I switched off
the TV and carried her.
Soon, it was time for her bath. She played in the water and splashed it all over me. Then the
soap got into her eyes and she cried so much that I could not handle her. Finally, I picked her up and
wrapped a towel around her. By then, she had stopped crying. I powdered her and dressed her in her
favourite frock. It was 3.00pm, so I put her to sleep while I lay on the sofa with a story book and dozed
off after a while. It was at that very moment that my baby sister woke up and came down the stairs.
She lost her balance, tumbled down, yelled and screamed.
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I rushed to her, picked her up and checked for any injuries. Just then, my parents returned,
much to my relief. I hope I shall not have to baby-sit as it is a tiresome and difficult job.

HELPFUL SENTENCES
Emotions: => Various sentences can be used to describe the same emotions.
=> As possible, avoid repeating words or expressions.

USE APPROPRIATE ADJECTIVES TO DESCRIBE ONE FEELINGS

I was happy. I was sad I was surprised
I was angry. I felt irritated. She felt pleased
I felt glad. I felt depressed. I felt alarmed
He was disappointed He was shocked He was annoyed
We were delighted We were stunned We were dejected
We were furious. They were overjoyed They were miserable
They were taken aback They were mad at me

MORE HELPFUL SENTENCES

DESCRIBING JOBS/TASKS
OCCASION/INCIDENT/EVENT It is/was easy to do the
It was a special occasion. work.
The occasion was special to us. The work is easy
It was a joyful occasion. It is/was a well done job
The occasion was a joyful one
It was an extraordinary event.
The event was extraordinary. EXPRESSING JOYOUSNESS
It was a memorable incident. That made us overjoyed.
The incident was memorable. We were overjoyed
The noise made it difficult for us to focus on because of that
our studies.
It was a terrific event.
The event was terrific.

EXPRESSING OPINION/OUTCOME

It was easy for me to understand what the teacher was teaching.

I could understand the teacher well.
That made it easy for us to understand.
It was difficult to learn how to survive.
Learning how to survive was difficult.
It was difficult to eat the horrible tasteless food.
It made us angry.
We were angry because of it.
The noise made it difficult for us to focus on our studies.
It is difficult to prevent that from happening.
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His explanation made it easy for us to know what he wanted.

They made it difficult for us to complete our work.
To recycle is to make the world a better place to live in.
It was a superb night.
The night was superb.
It is difficult to avoid accidents

5. More on Continuous Writing

This section should offer some tips for teachers to guide their students to produce better essays.
Students are to revise on the areas mentioned and work on the practices provided in each area to
help them to write essays of superb quality.

Areas of Focus:
Developing students writing skills is a challenging task. There are many aspects that should be
developed and enhanced. However, more emphasis should be given to develop students language
accuracy. This module suggests their language quality could be improved through sufficient practices
of sentence construction, error identification and vocabulary enrichment. It is also recommended that
students are given practices that would develop their ideas smoothly and convincingly. All these
practices are presented under the following sub-headings:

5.1. Accuracy in Language

5.2 Vocabulary Enrichment
5.3 Varied Sentence Structures
5.4 Generation and Development of Ideas

5.1 Accuracy in Language

5.1.1 Parts of Speech
Purpose: To enrich students language and vocabulary by exposing them to different parts of speech
namely noun, verb, adjective and adverb.

Instructions:
1. Revise subject-verb agreement and parts of speech with your teacher. Focus on how each part of
speech should be used.
2. Construct a sentence based on each of the words below. .

No. Noun Verb Adjective Adverb

1 Activity Activate Active Actively
2 Arrangement Arrange Arranged -
3 Beauty Beautify Beautiful Beautifully
4 Bravery Brave Brave Bravely
5 Care Care Careful Carefully
6 Collection Collect Collective Collectively
7 Colour Colour Colourful Colourfully
8 Comfort Comfort Comfortable Comfortably
9 Confusion Confuse Confused -
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10 Creation Create Creative Creatively

11 Development Develop Developed -
12 Diligence - Diligent Diligently
13 Generosity - Generous Generously
14 Goodness - Good Well
15 Peace - Peaceful Peacefully
16 Persuasion Persuade Persuasive Persuasively
17 Protection Protect Protective Protectively
18 Respect Respect Respected Respectfully
19 Success Succeed Successful Successfully
20 Sympathy Sympathise Sympathetic Symphathetically
21 Width Widen Wide Widely

5.1.2 Different Forms of Past Tense Verbs

Purpose:
To use different past tense verbs accurately and promote better language accuracy in narrative
essays.
Instructions:
1. Revise subject-verb- agreement, simple past tense, past perfect tense, past continuous tense
and passive verbs (past) with your teacher.
2. Ensure you get the correct meaning of the verbs below before you construct sentences.

Teachers note: PRACTICE 1-9

1. Identifying and correcting errors can be done either individually, in pairs, in groups or even as a
class discussion.
2. Extra practices should be given to consolidate students mastery of past tense verbs.

Practice 1 Practice 2 Practice 3

1. was taken 1. changed 1. were calling
2. had taken 2. was changing 2. was called
3. took 3. were changed 3. had called
4. were taking 4. had changed 4. called

Practice 4 Practice 5 Practice 6

1. wrote 1. was bought 1. ate
2. were writing 2. had bought 2. was eaten
3. was written 3. bought 3. were eating
4. had written 4. were buying 4. had eaten

Practice 7 Practice 8 Practice 9

1. were planning 1. sent 1. was visiting
2. had planned 2. were sending 2. visited
3. was planned 3. had sent 3. were visited
4. planned 4. were sent 4. had visited

Common Errors
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Purpose:
To ensure that students do not make common errors in their writing and to enable students to get a
better score in their essays by making zero % of these errors.

Instructions:
Revise the six types of common errors most students make and try to avoid making these types of
errors each time you write.

Teachers notes:
Students should be trained to spot these six types of common errors in their own essays as well as in
their friends essays. Good students can be trained to be facilitators in a workshop to help other
students to eliminate these six types of errors from their essays.

COMMON ERRORS MADE BY OUR STUDENTS

ASK YOUR STUDENTS FOR THE CORRECTED VERSION..

Subject-Verb Agreement (sv)

Correct Examples Common Mistakes Corrected Version

He runs. He do.X

It jumps It take.X

The lady speaks. The girl sayX

The activity is The activities is X

The programme The campaign have..X

has.

The scouts are. The boys plays.X

The students sing. The flowers bloomsX

Root Word / Base form.

Correct Examples for
Infinitives Common Mistakes Corrected Version
(Root Word is used after
to )
to go to gone.X

to speak to went.X

to swim to speaking.X

to run. to played.X

to jump to sees.X
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Correct Examples for

Modals
(Root Word is used after Common Mistakes Corrected Version
will, may, would, might,
shall, should, can, could,
must and other modals)
can run ..can sang.X
may bring ..will wroteX
could eat. ..may attackedX
will go. ..should congratulated.X

Past participle (PP)

Use PP in Perfect Tense ( has,have., had.)
**remind the students that most of the PP share the same words with the
PAST TENSE.

Common Mistakes Corrected Version

has tookX

have threwX

had thinkX

has ateX

Use PP in Passive Form (is., are., was, were., will be., . has
been.)

Common Mistakes Corrected Version

The book is took..X

The ball was kick..X

His friends were punish.X

The food has been ate..X

TENSES
Be consistent with your tense, stick to the tenses that you have decided.

Common Mistakes Corrected Version

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He walks along the road and (-if you intend to write using the Present tense)
saw his friend .[ X ]

(-if you are using the Past tense)

The movie was interesting . We (-if you intend to write using the Present tense)
enjoy ourselves very much.
(-if you are using the Past tense)

VOCABULARY ENRICHMENT IN NARRATIVE ESSAYS

IDENTIFY AND UNDERLINE THE ADJECTIVES

To describe places

No. Sample sentence

1 The interior design of her bedroom was attractive.
2 The scenery was beautiful.
3 We spent six hours at the big shopping mall.
4 We left the busy town after lunch.
5 The beach was clean.
6 The sea was clear.
7 The sky was cloudy.
8 The buildings were colourful.
9 The wind from the mountain was cool.
10 The stadium was crowded on Sunday.
11 The road to the apartment was dangerous.
12 It was dark outside.
13 The public toilet was dirty.
14 We stayed at a famous resort.
15 The air was fresh.
16 The hotel lobby was grand.
17 The waterfalls were great.
18 We took photos of the high tower.
19 We ran under the hot sun.
20 The camping site was isolated.
21 Our school canteen was noisy during recess.
22 The village was peaceful.
23 The air in the city centre was polluted.
24 The countryside was rough.
25 The chalets architecture was special.
26 The man-made park was strange.
27 The wooden bridge was strong.
28 The Disneyland was wonderful.
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DESCRIBING PEOPLE WITH POSITIVE PERSONALITIES

No Sample Sentence
1 She was an active student.
2 He was an adventurous person.
3 His bride was very beautiful.
4 My father was very brave.
5 We were careful in making decisions.
6 The clever boy smiled at me.
7 He was a committed employee.
8 I was confident we would win.
9 Everyone was cooperative
10 She was a famous singer.
11 The receptionist was friendly.
12 My granduncle was funny.
13 The manager was generous.
14 He led a glamorous life.
15 His son had good personalities.
16 His mother was a great lawyer.
17 The workers were hardworking.

TO DESCRIBE PEOPLE WITH NEGATIVE PERSONALITIES

No. Sample sentence

1 I hated his arrogant attitude.
2 I could not stand my bad neighbour.
3 She was a careless driver.
4 Were they crazy?
5 The cruel criminal was arrested.
6 The dishonest clerk was fired.
7 We stayed away from the evil killer.
8 He was young but very forgetful.
9 Her fussy mother-in-law was dying.
10 The village headman was greedy.
11 The lazy students were sleeping.
12 The rude boy was her cousin.
13 Their selfish attitude was bad.

YOU ARE MY CLASSMATE

1. Choose any 10 of your classmates.

2. In pairs, construct a sentence about each of them. The description could either be positive
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or negative.
3. Make sure each of your sentences has at least one sophisticated adjective. Underline the
word(s).
4. Use past tense verbs to describe your classmates.

Description of classmates
Sample 1 :
Azim was a cheerless boy in class.
Sample 2 :
Beng Hee tried to be industrious after he failed his Physics.
Classmate 1:

Classmate 2 :

Classmate 3 :

Classmate 4 :

Classmate 5 :

Classmate 6 :

Classmate 7:

Classmate 8 :

Classmate 9 :

Classmate 10:

SPM ENGLISH LANGUAGE 1119

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ENGLIS
H MADE
EASY
E N G L I S H L A N G UA G E U N I T
P P D B ATA N G PA D A N G

TABLE OF CONTENT

CONTENT PAGE
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1 MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS 1

COMMON WORDS AND PHRASES 2
PRACTICE
SHORT TEXTS/ARTICLES 10
TABLE/GRAPH 13
BANNER/SIGN/LABEL 15
NEWPAPER PAPER 17
RATIONAL CLOZE 19
PRACTICE
1 PRESENT TENSE 20
2 PAST TENSE 21
3 PREPOSITIONS 22
4 LINKERS 23
5 PHRASAL VERBS 25
6 RULES OF PRONOUNS 27
7 RATIONALE CLOZE 28
32
2. INFORMATION TRANSFER @ NOTES
PRACTICE
1 34
2 37
3 39
4 41
5 43
6 45
7 47
8 45
9 51

3 SECTION C: INFORMATION TRANSFER 53

TIPS AND TECHNIQUE 54
PRACTICE 56

SECTION D: POEMS 71
NOVEL 80

4 PAPER 1- SAMPLE ESSAY

SAMPLE ESSAY & FITRAH
WRITING A FORMAL LETTER 94
FORMAT OF AN NFORMAL LETTER

5 CONTINUOUS WRITING 114

SAMPLE ESSAY AND EXERCISE 114