MASTERING

OPENSTACK
(Episode 02)

Simple Architectures

Presentation By:

Roozbeh Shafiee

Spring 2015
IRAN OpenStack Users Group
OpenStack Simple Architectures

Agenda:

OpenStack Networking

Reasons of Choosing the Tools

Node Types

Network Connections

Iran OpenStack Community

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OpenStack Simple Architectures

OpenStack Networking
(Neutron)

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OpenStack Simple Architectures

OpenStack Networking:
A highly-available environment can be put into place if you require an
Environment that can scale horizontally, or want your cloud to continue to be
operational in case of node failure.
This example architecture has been selected based on the current default feature
set of OpenStack Havana, with an emphasis on high availability. This architecture
is currently being deployed in an internal Red Hat OpenStack cloud and used to
run hosted and shared services, which by their nature must be highly available.

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OpenStack Simple Architectures

Tools and Components:

OpenStack Release: Kilo

Host Operating System: RHEL 7.1

OpenStack Package Repository: Redhat Distributed OpenStack (RDO)

Hypervisor: KVM

Database: MariaDB

Message Queue: Qpid

Networking Service: OpenStack Networking - Neutron

Tenant Network Separation: VLAN

Image Service (Glance) Backend: GlusterFS

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OpenStack Simple Architectures

Identity Service (Keystone) Driver: SQL

Block Storage Service (Cinder) Backend: GlusterFS

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OpenStack Simple Architectures

Reasons of Choosing the Tools

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OpenStack Simple Architectures

Redhat Enterprise Linux RHEL:

An operating system that can run on all of the physical nodes

Reliability

Long-term support

Certified testing

Hardened

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OpenStack Simple Architectures

Redhat Distributed OpenStack RDO:

Easy way to download, install and deploy

Most current OpenStack release in repository

Packaged for RHEL as host operating system

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OpenStack Simple Architectures

Kernel-based Virtual Machine KVM:

Supported hypervisor of choice for Red Hat Enterprise Linux

Most compatible hypervisor with RHEL and its kernel

Feature complete

Open source

Free from licensing charges and restrictions

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OpenStack Simple Architectures

MariaDB:

Supported database of choice for Red Hat Enterprise Linux

As the database backend for all databases in the OpenStack environment

Open source

Scalable

Well memory handling

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OpenStack Simple Architectures

Neutron:

Sophisticated networking functionality

Layer 2 (L2) network segregation

Provider networks

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OpenStack Simple Architectures

Virtual Local Area Network - VLAN:

Broadcast control

Security control

Physical layer transparency

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OpenStack Simple Architectures

GlusterFS GFS:

Scalability

Add more storage nodes easily

Cost effective

An alternative to an expensive storage array

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OpenStack Simple Architectures

Node Types

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OpenStack Simple Architectures

Node Types:
A node is a physical machine that is provisioned with an operating system, and
running a defined software stack on top of it.

Controller

Compute

Storage

Network

Management

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OpenStack Simple Architectures

Controller Node:
Controller nodes are responsible for running the management software services
needed for the OpenStack environment to function. These nodes:

Provide the front door that people access as well as the API services that all other
components in the environment talk to.

Run a number of services in a highly available fashion, utilizing Pacemaker and
HAProxy to provide a virtual IP and load-balancing Disks functions so all controller
nodes are being used.

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OpenStack Simple Architectures

Supply highly available infrastructure services, such as MySQL and Qpid, that
underpin all the services.

Provide what is known as persistent storage through services run on the host
as well. This persistent storage is backed onto the storage nodes for reliability.

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Compute Node:
Compute nodes run the virtual machine instances in OpenStack. They:

Run the bare minimum of services needed to facilitate these instances.

Use local storage on the node for the virtual machines so that no VM migration
or instance recovery at node failure is possible.

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OpenStack Simple Architectures

Storage Node:
Storage nodes store all the data required for the environment, including disk images
in the Image Service library, and the persistent storage volumes created by the Block
Storage service. Storage nodes use GlusterFS technology to keep the data highly
available and scalable.

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OpenStack Simple Architectures

Network Node:
Network nodes are responsible for doing all the virtual networking needed for
people to create public or private networks and uplink their virtual machines into
external networks. Network nodes:

Form the only ingress and egress point for instances running on top of OpenStack.

Run all of the environments networking services, with the exception of the
networking API service (which runs on the controller node).

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Management Node (Optional):

Management nodes are used by internal administration staff only to provide a
number of basic system administration functions needed to get the environment up
and running and to maintain the hardware, OS, and software on which it runs.

These nodes run services such as provisioning, configuration management,

monitoring, or GlusterFS management software. They are not required to scale,
although these machines are usually backed up.

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OpenStack Simple Architectures

Network Connections

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OpenStack Simple Architectures

OpenStack Internal Network:

OpenStack management functions and traffic

Including services needed for the provisioning of nodes ( pxe , tftp , kickstart )

Traffic between various OpenStack node types using OpenStack APIs and messages

Traffic for storage data to the storage layer underneath by the Gluster protocol

Physical nodes have at least one network interface in this network

Accessible from other VLANs on port 22

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OpenStack Simple Architectures

OpenStack Public Network:

IP addresses for public-facing interfaces on the controller nodes (which end users
will access the OpenStack services)

A range of publicly routable, IPv4 network addresses to be used by OpenStack
Networking for floating IPs. You may be restricted in your access to IPv4
addresses; a large range of IPv4 addresses is not necessary.

Routers for private networks created within OpenStack

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OpenStack Simple Architectures

OpenStack Public Network Connected To:

Controller nodes so users can access the OpenStack interfaces

Network nodes to provide VMs with publicly routable traffic functionality

Management machines node so that any management services that need to be
made public (such as system monitoring) can be accessed.

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OpenStack Simple Architectures

VM Traffic Network:

A closed network that is not publicly routable

Use as a private and internal network for traffic between VMs (Floating IPs - using a
different address space to the others to clearly define the separation)

Between the VMs and the network nodes that provide L3 routes out to the
public network

Only Compute and OpenStack Networking nodes need to beconnected to
this network.

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OpenStack Simple Architectures

Basic Node Deployment:

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OpenStack Simple Architectures

Performance Node Deployment:

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OpenStack Simple Architectures

Iran OpenStack Community

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OpenStack Simple Architectures

Stay in Touch and Join Us:

Home Page: OpenStack.ir

Meetup Page: Meetup.com/Iran-OpenStack

Mailing List: OpenStack-ir@Lists.OpenStack.org

Twitter: @OpenStackIR , #OpenStackIRAN

IRC Channel on FreeNode#OpenStack-ir

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 Thank You
Roozbeh Shafiee
Iran OpenStack Community Manager
Roozbeh@OpenStack.ir
OpenStack.ir

We need to work together to build a better community