CONTENTS

Title Page No
Acknowledgment
Abstract x

CHAPTER 1
EMBEDDED SYSTEMS 1
1.1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.2 CHARACTERISTICS OF EMBEDDED SYSTEM 3
1.2.1 Applications 3
1.2.2 Examples of Embedded Systems 4
1.3 EMBEDDED APPLICATIONS 4
1.4 BLOCK DIAGRAM 5
CHAPTER 2
GENERAL DESCRIPTION 6
2.1 POWER SUPPLY 6
2.1.1 Types Of Power Supply 7
2.1.2 Transformer 7
2.1.3 Bridge Rectifier 10
2.1.4 Smoothing 11
2.1.5 Regulator 12
CHAPTER 3
MICROCONTROLLER 13
3.1 MICROPROCESSORS VS. MICROCONTROLLERS 13
3.1.1 At89s52 Features 14
3.2 DESCRIPTION OF MICROCONTROLLER 89S52 14
3.3 PIN CONFIGURATION 16
3.4 SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTER (SFR) MEMORY 19
3.4.1 Addressing Modes
20
3.4.2 Timers And Counters
21 21

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CHAPTER 4
LCD (LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY) 25
4.1 INTRODUCTION 25
4.1.1 Features 25
4.1.2 Shapes and Sizes 26
4.2 PIN DESCRIPTION 27
4.2.1 Control Lines 27
4.2.2 Entering Text 28
CHAPTER 5
DC MOTOR (ELECTRIC MOTOR) 31

CHAPTER 6

SOFTWARE REQUIREMEN 44

6.1 INTRODUCTION TO KEIL MICRO VISION (IDE) 44

6.1.1 Concept Of Compiler 44

6.1.2 Concept Of Cross Compiler 44

6.2 KEIL C CROSS COMPILER 45

6.3 BUILDING PROJECTS AND CREATING A HEX FILES 47

CHAPTER 7
KEIL SOFTWARE 48

CHAPTER 8
OUTPUT SCREENS 56

CHAPTER 9
CONCLUSION 57

CHAPTER 10
REFERENCES 58

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 LIST OF FIGURES

Page.No
Figure 1.1.0 Embedded system design calls 2
Figure 1.1.1 V Diagram 2
Figure 1.1.2 Block diagram 5
Figure 2.1.0 Power supply 6
Figure 2.1.1 Transformer symbol 7
Figure 2.1.2 Transformer 8
Figure 2.1.3 Transformer +rectifier 9
Figure 2.1.4 Transformer +rectifier +smoothing 9
Figure 2.1.5 Transformer + rectifier + smoothing + regulator 9

Figure 2.1.6 Diode Symbol 10

Figure 2.1.7 Bridge rectifier 10

Figure 2.1.8 Single diode rectifier & output wave form 11
Figure 2.1.9 Smoothing & output wave form 11
Figure 2.2.0 Regulator 12
Figure 3.1.0 microcontrollers AT89S52 15
Figure 3.1.1 Pin Configuration 16
Figure 3.1.2 Oscillator Connections 19
Figure 4.1.0 Shapes &sizes 26
Figure 4.1.1 Electrical block diagram 26
Figure 4.1.2 Power supply for lcd driving 27
Figure 4.1.3 Pin diagram of 1x16 lines lcd 27
Figure 5.1.0 Max 232 31
Figure 5.1.1 Circuit Connection 32
Figure 5.1.2 Keypad 33

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Figure 5.1.3 Lab work 34
Figure 6.1.0 Radio frequency identifier 35
Figure 6.1.1 RFID-Tag 36
Figure 6.1.2 Rfid reader interrogator 37

LIST OF TABLES

Page.No
Table 3.1 Pin Description 17
Table 3.2 Pin Description Of Microcontroller 18
Table 3.3 Timer 2 functioning table 21
Table 3.4 Timer/counter Control Register 23
Table 3.5 Timer/counter 0 and 1 modes 24
Table 4.1 Address locations for a 1x16 line LCD 26
Table 4.2 Character details in lcd 29

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 ABSTRACT

This project aims at designing and executing the fire sensing. A

robot obstacle detection system including a robot housing which navigates with
respect to a surface and a sensor subsystem having a defined relationship with respect
to the housing and aimed at the surface for detecting the surface.
A fire sensing robot is one that has a small fire extinguisher added to it. By
attaching a small fire extinguisher to the robot, the automaton put out the fires it
detects can be achieved. The fire detection scheme to be put into use is relatively free
of false alarms, it is anticipated that it will not overreact in non-fire simulations. LCD
is used for Display
Now-a-days, Automated systems have less manual operations, flexibility, reliability
and accurate. Due to this demand every field prefers automated control systems. Especially
in the field of electronics automated systems are giving good performance. In the present
scenario of war situations, unmanned systems plays very important role to minimize human
losses. So this robot is very useful to do operations like detecting metals (conductor).

This robot is fitted with motors. A micro controller is used to control all
operations. According to the motor operations the robot will operate as specified in
program. Whenever any bomb is detected, the Buzzer will ON.

However, the microcontroller being used for the project has latched outputs
and as such one does not have to keep the buttons on remote control passed for more
than a few milliseconds. The working prototype of the land rover including remote is
designed using micro controllers at both ends with appropriate code written in "C"
language.

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