C1 Revision (higher)
74 minutes
74 marks
Page 1 of 31
Q1. The picture shows a diamond ring.
(1)
(b) A gold atom has an atomic number of 79 and a mass number of 197.
Complete the table to show the name and number of each sub-atomic particle in this gold
atom.
Name Number
Proton 79
Electron ....................
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(3)
(c) The bar chart shows the composition of this gold ring.
Page 2 of 31
(i) Give the percentage of the other two metals in this gold ring.
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(2)
(Total 7 marks)
Page 3 of 31
(a) What is meant by an alloy?
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(2)
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(1)
(c) Give one advantage of using this alloy instead of pure iron.
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(1)
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(1)
(Total 5 marks)
Q3. The hip joint between the femur and pelvis sometimes has to be replaced.
Early hip replacement joints were made from stainless steel.
Page 4 of 31
(a) Use the particle diagram to complete the percentages of metals in this stainless steel.
Iron, Fe 72
Chromium, Cr
Nickel, Ni
(2)
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(1)
(ii) Suggest why pure iron would not be suitable for a hip replacement joint.
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(1)
(iii) Use the particle diagram to help you to explain why stainless steel is harder than
pure iron.
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(2)
(Total 6 marks)
Page 5 of 31
Q4. The diagram shows a ballpoint pen.
(a) Give one advantage and one disadvantage of recycling the materials from this type of
ballpoint pen.
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(2)
Give two reasons why alloys are used in the ballpoint pen.
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(2)
Page 6 of 31
(c) Decane (C10H22) can be used to produce poly(ethene).
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(2)
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(2)
styrene poly(styrene)
(2)
(Total 10 marks)
Page 7 of 31
Q5. The chart below shows the metals which are present in a coin.
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(1)
Page 8 of 31
(b) The mass of the coin is 2.5 g.
Calculate the mass of copper in this coin.
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(2)
(c) Suggest what properties would make an alloy suitable for making a coin.
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(3)
(Total 6 marks)
Page 9 of 31
Q6. Iron is produced from the ore haematite (iron oxide).
Iron Titanium
(a) The production of low-carbon steel uses oxygen but the production of titanium uses argon.
Explain why.
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(3)
Page 10 of 31
(b) There is less titanium than iron in the Earths crust.
Apart from titaniums scarcity, explain why titanium costs much more than iron.
Use the two flow diagrams above to help you to answer this question.
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(3)
(c) Many chemical reactions take place in the production of both metals.
Titanium can be used to produce iron from iron oxide. The chemical reaction is:
Use these three reactions and the Chemistry Data Sheet to answer this question.
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(2)
(Total 8 marks)
Page 11 of 31
Q7. The flow diagram shows the main stages used to extract a metal from its ore.
(a) Use the information in the table and your knowledge and understanding to help you to
answer the questions.
(i) Suggest why purifying the copper ore produces large quantities of waste.
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(1)
(ii) Suggest why the annual world production of iron is forty times greater than that of
aluminium.
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(1)
Page 12 of 31
(b) Aluminium is used for drinks cans.
Aluminium is extracted from its purified ore by electrolysis.
(i) Suggest why the aluminium produced in the electrolysis cell is a liquid.
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(1)
(ii) In this electrolysis, aluminium and oxygen gas are produced from the aluminium
oxide.
Use the information in the diagram to suggest why most of the waste gas is carbon
dioxide and not oxygen.
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(2)
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(2)
(Total 7 marks)
Page 13 of 31
Q8. Rutile is an ore of titanium. Rutile contains titanium dioxide.
The flow chart shows how titanium metal is extracted from titanium dioxide.
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(1)
(b) Name the only waste product shown on the flow chart.
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(1)
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(2)
Page 14 of 31
(d) The air is removed from Reactor 2. An atmosphere of argon is used for the reaction
between titanium chloride and magnesium metal.
Explain why.
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(2)
950 kg of titanium chloride was mixed with 240 kg of magnesium metal. The mixture was
heated and produced 950 kg of magnesium chloride.
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Mass = ....................................................... kg
(1)
Page 15 of 31
(f) The graph shows the mass of titanium metal produced from a pure rutile ore and from an
impure rutile ore.
The difference between the two lines represents the amount of waste rock in the impure
ore.
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Mass = ....................................................... kg
(1)
(Total 8 marks)
Page 16 of 31
Q9. Steels are used to make cars, bridges and knives.
The main element in steel is iron.
(a) Iron is extracted from an ore that contains about 60% iron oxide, Fe2O3
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(1)
(ii) In a blast furnace, iron oxide reacts with carbon monoxide to produce iron.
The word equation for this reaction is:
(iii) Name the type of reaction that produces a metal from its metal oxide.
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(1)
Stage 1 blowing oxygen into molten iron from the blast furnace.
(i) In Stage 1, suggest how the oxygen removes most of the carbon from the molten
iron.
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(2)
Page 17 of 31
(ii) Stage 2 produces different steels.
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(1)
(c) Old 5p and 10p coins in the UK were made from cupro-nickel.
Cupro-nickel is 75% copper and 25% nickel.
New 5p and 10p coins in the UK are now made from nickel-plated steel and not from
cupro-nickel.
Explain why.
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(2)
(Total 9 marks)
(a) Complete the table to show the number of atoms of each element in the formula of zinc
carbonate.
Zinc, Zn 1
Carbon, C
Oxygen, O
(2)
Page 18 of 31
(b) Draw a ring around the correct answer to complete the sentence and the word equation.
water is added.
when cooled.
heated.
(1)
carbon dioxide
oxygen
(1)
Page 19 of 31
(c) Another ore contains a mixture of zinc carbonate and lead carbonate.
The metals zinc and lead are produced from this ore in two stages:
Stage 1 decomposing the carbonates to produce a mixture of zinc oxide and lead oxide.
(i) Draw a ring around the correct answer to complete the sentence.
The reaction between carbon and oxygen that heats the
combustion.
evaporation.
(1)
Page 20 of 31
(ii) Tick ( ) one reason why carbon reacts with zinc oxide to produce zinc.
Reason Tick ( )
(1)
Suggest why.
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(2)
(Total 8 marks)
Page 21 of 31
M1. (a) 2,4
allow electrons in any position on correct shells
1
(b) (electron) 79
1
neutron
allow phonetic spelling
1
118
1
(b) steel
allow stainless steel
1
Page 22 of 31
(d) copper and zinc
1
[5]
in correct order
(Nickel =) 8
accept Chromium = 8 and Nickel = 20 for 1 mark
1
so it is difficult for layers / atoms / particles to slip / slide (over each other)
accept layers cannot slip / slide
1
[6]
Page 23 of 31
any one disadvantage from:
or
mixed with steam (1)
at a (very) high temperature (1)
iftemperaturequoted,mustbe500C
join / bond
allow addition polymerisation for second mark
1
OR
monomers / ethene molecules (1)
form chains or very large molecules (1)
if no other mark awarded allow double bond breaks / opens up or
double bond forms a single bond for 1 mark
Page 24 of 31
(d)
M6. (a) (because to produce low-carbon steel) oxygen is needed to react with / oxidise carbon
accept (to produce low-carbon steel) oxygen removes carbon as
carbon dioxide
1
Page 25 of 31
(b) for titanium:
it = titanium
ignore references to abundance / usefulness / temperature /
amounts / relative reactivity / equipment
allow converse arguments for iron
(c) titanium is below magnesium and above iron (in the reactivity series of metals)
allow similar position to aluminium or carbon or zinc
1
because magnesium removes chlorine from titanium chloride and titanium removes
oxygen from iron oxide
allow magnesium displaces titanium and titanium displaces iron
1
OR
magnesium more reactive than titanium because it removes chlorine from titanium
chloride (1)
accept magnesium more reactive than titanium because it
displaces titanium
titanium more reactive than iron because it removes oxygen from iron oxide (1)
accept titanium more reactive than iron because it displaces iron
[8]
M7. (a) (i) low percentage / very little of metal (in the ore)
accept only 0.5% metal in the ore or over 99% waste in the ore or
nearly 100% waste in the ore
ignore reference to percentage of metal in the Earth's crust or
energy used or pollution
1
Page 26 of 31
(ii) any one from
(it = iron)
iron is stronger
ignore harder
easier to extract
1
landfill problem
accept aluminium does not corrode
Page 27 of 31
M8. (a) any one from:
ignore references to cost / mining / availability
because oxygen / nitrogen (in air) would react with the magnesium
or
would produce magnesium oxide / nitride
1
whereas argon is inert / unreactive or argon does not react with magnesium
ignore argon is in Group 0 / noble gas
1
(e) 240
1
(f) 250
allow range 245 to 250
1
[8]
Page 28 of 31
(Fe2O3) (+) ....3....(CO)
(iii) reduction
accept redox
1
(b) (i) oxygen reacts with the carbon to produce carbon dioxide
allow carbon monoxide for carbon dioxide
1
OR
(oxygen =) 3
1
Page 29 of 31
(c) (i) combustion
1
lead does not boil / (only) melts in the furnace / boils above 1300C
if no other mark awarded allow zinc has a lower boiling point or lead
has a higher boiling point
or they / zinc and lead have different boiling points for 1 mark
1
[8]
Page 30 of 31
Page 31 of 31