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Telephone & addresses

Cairo Office
222, El-Hegaz St, Heliopolis 2943 El Horria (11361) Cairo
Tel. +202-21806734
Tel. +202-21806632
Tel. +202-21806778 Fax.+202-21806637
Tel. +202-21806909 Mob.+2012-23999700
Tel. +202-21806536
Tel. +202-21806537
Obour Factory
1st industrial zone (A) Section # 10, Block
Obour City, Egypt
13035 El
Tel. +202- 44810580
+202- 44810590 +2012-23908822 / 55
Fax.+202-44810259
Alex Office
4 Mohamed Masoud st, Behind Olmby Club Alexandria, Egypt
Tel. 203-4244601/2/3/5
+2012-23909922
Fax.+203-4244604
Borg El Arab Factory
2nd industrial zone block 28 Borg El Arab City,Egypt
Tel. +203-4625068/14/17
+2012-23919291
Fax.+203-4625066
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mg/(m h Pa)
W / (m C)

0,11 0,29 0,75 D400

0,1 0,34 1 D500

0,1 0,38 F35 F15 5 B2 D600


-

0,23 0,1 F50 F15 5 B3 D700

0,2 0,12 F75 F15 B5 D800

0,17 0,14 F50 F15 B7 5 D1000

0,15 0,18 B10 D1100

Properties of

lightweight concrete

John Newman and Phil Owens

2.1 Introduction

Lightweight concretes can be produced with an over-dry density range of approximately

300 to a maximum of 2000 kg/m3, with corresponding cube strengths from approximately
1 to over 60 MPa and thermal conductivities of 0.2 to 1.0 W/mK. These values can be

compared with those for normal weight concrete of approximately 21002500 kg/m3, 15

to greater than 100 MPa and 1.61.9 W/mK. The principal techniques used for producing

lightweight concrete can be summarized as follows:

Omitting the finer fraction of normal weight aggregate to create air-filled voids using

a process pioneered by Wimpey in the UK in 1924 (no-fines concrete).

Including bubbles of gas in a cement paste or mortar matrix to form a cellular structure

containing approximately 3050 per cent voids (aerated or foamed concrete).

Replacing, either wholly or partially, natural aggegates in a concrete mix with aggregates

containing a large proportion of voids (lightweight aggregate concretes).

These are shown diagrammatically in Figure 2.1.

The properties of lightweight concrete can be exploited in a number of ways from its

use as a primarily structural material to its incorporation into structures for the enhancement

of thermal insulation. This chapter is concerned mainly with lightweight aggregate concretes

and, in particular, those made with lightweight aggregates within a Portland cementbased

matrix (i.e. closed structure lightweight aggregate concretes).

2/4 Properties of lightweight concrete

2.2 No-fines concrete (NFC)

2.2.1 Production

The mix consists of cement, water and course aggregate with fines (sand) omitted. After

prior moistening with water the aggregates are mixed with the cement and mix water.

This results in each particle of coarse aggregate being coated with a layer (up to about

1.3 mm) of cement paste which bonds it to adjacent particles in point-to-pint contact to
leave interstit ial voids (Figure 2.2).

No-fines Aerated Lightweight aggregate

Figure 2.1 Basic forms of lightweight concrete.

Figure 2.2 No-fines concrete.

The voids are interconnected to produce a porous open-textured concrete with reduced

density, strength and shrinkage. Density depends mainly on the type and grading of the

aggregate. The lowest densities are achieved with single-sized coarse aggregate. Maximum

aggregate size can range from 7 to 75 mm1 but is usually from 10 to 20 mm. The

aggregate should contain no more than 10 per cent of undersized material, no particle less

than 5 mm, no flaky or elongated particles and be clean to allow good cohesion with the

cement paste. The aggregate should be gravel or hard and crushed aggregate without

sharp edges which increase the likelihood of local crushing under load. Lightweight

aggregate can be used to further decrease concrete density. For normal weight aggregates,

aggregate/cement ratios from 6 to 10 produce densities of between 1200 and 1900 kg/m3
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