Modul 3 Balok Diatas Dua Perletakan PDF
Modul 3 Balok Diatas Dua Perletakan PDF
MODUL 3
BALOK DIATAS DUA PERLETAKAN
Dosen Pengasuh :
Ir. Thamrin Nasution
Materi Pembelajaran :
1. Balok Diatas Dua Perletakan Memikul Sebuah Muatan Terpusat.
2. Balok Diatas Dua Perletakan Memikul Muatan Terpusat Sembarang.
3. Balok Diatas Dua Perletakan Memikul Muatan Terbagi Rata.
4. Balok Diatas Dua Perletakan Memikul Muatan Segi Tiga.
5. Balok Diatas Dua Perletakan Memikul Muatan Campuran.
WORKSHOP/PELATIHAN
Tujuan Pembelajaran :
Mahasiswa memahami dan mengetahui tentang gaya-gaya dalam dari struktur balok terletak
diatas dua perletakan dengan beban-beban terpusat, beban terbagi rata dan segitiga, dan
mampu melakukan perhitungan gaya-gaya dalam (M,D,N) dan mampu menggambarkannya.
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
a) Soemono, Ir., STATIKA 1, Edisi kedua, Cetakan ke-4, Penerbit ITB, Bandung, 1985.
UCAPAN TERIMA KASIH
Wassalam
Penulis
Thamrin Nasution
thamrinnst.wordpress.com
thamrin_nst@hotmail.co.id
thamrinnst.wordpress.com
Modul kuliah STATIKA 1 , Modul 3, 2012 Ir. Thamrin Nasution
Departemen Teknik Sipil, FTSP. ITMI.
BALOK DIATAS
DUA PERLETAKAN
1. Balok Diatas Dua Perletakan Memikul Sebuah Muatan Terpusat.
P = 10 ton
a=2m b=4m
A B
C
RAV RBV
L=6m
DA-C = + RAV
P
(-)
(+) DB-C = - RBV
(+)
MC = P.a.b/L
Bidang momen
Penyelesaian :
a. Reaksi Perletakan.
MB = 0,
RAV . L - P . b = 0
RAV = P . b/L
= (10 t) x (4 m)/(6 m)
RAV = + 6,667 ton ()
MA = 0,
- RBV . L + P . a = 0
RBV = P . a/L
= (10 t) x (2 m)/(6 m)
RBV = + 3,333 ton ().
Kontrol :
V = 0,
RAV + RBV P = 0
6,667 t + 3,333 t - 10 t = 0 ..(memenuhi)
b. Gaya lintang.
DA-C = + RAV = + 6,667 ton.
DC-A = + DA-C = + 6,667 ton.
DC-B = DC-A P = 6,667 10 = - 3,333 ton.
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Modul kuliah STATIKA 1 , Modul 3, 2012 Ir. Thamrin Nasution
Departemen Teknik Sipil, FTSP. ITMI.
c. M o m e n .
MA = 0
MC = + RAV . a = + 6,667 t x 2 m = + 13,334 ton.m, atau
MC = P.a.b/L
P3 = 4 t
P2 = 3 t
P1 = 2 t
o
o 60
A 45 B
RAH
C D E
RAV RBV
L=6m
a1 = 1 m b1
a2 = 3 m b2
a3 = 4 m b3
+ 3,883 t
+ 1,883 t
Bid. D
- 0,238 t
- 3,702 t
+ 0,121 t
Bid. N
-2t
+ 7,649 t.m
+ 7,411 t.m
+ 3,883 t.m
Bid. M
Penyelesaian :
a. Reaksi Perletakan.
MB = 0,
RAV . L - P1.(L a1) P2 sin 45o.(L a2) P3 sin 60o.(L a3) = 0
RAV = P1.(L a1)/L + P2 sin 45o.(L a2)/L + P3 sin 60o.(L a3)/L
= 2 x (6 - 1)/6 + 3 x 2 x (6 3)/6 + 4 x 0,866 x (6 4)/6
= 1,667 + 1,061 + 1,155
RAV = + 3,883 ton ()
MA = 0,
- RBV . L + P1.(a1) + P2 sin 45o.(a2) + P3 sin 60o.(a3) = 0
RBV = P1.(a1)/L + P2 sin 45o.(a2)/L + P3 sin 60o.(a3)/L
= 2 x (1)/6 + 3 x 2 x (3)/6 + 4 x 0,866 x (4)/6
= 0,333 + 1,061 + 2,309
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Modul kuliah STATIKA 1 , Modul 3, 2012 Ir. Thamrin Nasution
Departemen Teknik Sipil, FTSP. ITMI.
H = 0,
RA-H + P2 cos 45o P3 cos 60o = 0
RA-H = P2 cos 45o + P3 cos 60o = 3 x 2 + 4 x = 2,121 + 2
= 0,121 ton ()
Kontrol :
V = 0,
RAV + RBV P1 P2 sin 45o P3 sin 60o = 0
3,883 t + 3,703 t 2 t 2,121 t 3,464 t = 0
7,586 t 7,585 t = 0,001 0 ..(memenuhi)
b. Gaya Lintang.
DA-C = + RAV = + 3,883 ton.
DC-D = + RAV P1 = 3,883 2 = + 1,883 ton.
DD-E = + RAV P1 P2 sin 45o = 3,883 2 3 x 2
= 3,883 2 2,121 = 0,238 ton.
DE-B = + RAV P1 P2 sin 45o P2 sin 60o
= 3,883 2 3 x 2 4 x 0,866 = 3,883 2 2,121 3,464
DE-B = 3,702 ton.
DE-B = RBV = 3,703 ton.
c. Gaya Normal .
NA-D = + RAH = + 0,121 ton (tarik).
ND-E = + RAH P2 cos 45o = + 0,121 3 x 2 = + 0,121 2,121
= 2 ton (tekan).
NE-B = + RAH P2 cos 45o P3 cos 60o = + 0,121 2 x 2 4 x
= 0,121 2,121 2
NE-B = 0 ton.
c. M o m e n .
MC = + RAV . a1 = + 3,883 x 1 = + 3,883 ton.m.
MD = + RAV . a2 P1 . (a2 a1) = + 3,883 x 3 2 x (3 1) = 7,649 t.m.
ME = + RAV . a3 P1 . (a3 a1) P2 sin 45o . (a3 a2)
= + 3,883 x 4 2 x (4 1) 3 x 2 x (4 3)
= + 15.532 6 2,121
ME = + 7,411 t.m.
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Modul kuliah STATIKA 1 , Modul 3, 2012 Ir. Thamrin Nasution
Departemen Teknik Sipil, FTSP. ITMI.
A B
X QR
RAV x RBV
L=6m
Dx -qL
Bid. D
+qL
2
+ 1/8 q L
Mx
Bid. M
Penyelesaian :
a. Reaksi Perletakan.
QR = q . L = (3 t/m) x (6 m) = 18 ton.
MB = 0,
RAV . L - QR . L = 0
RAV = q . L2/L
RAV = q . L ..(1)
= x (3 t/m)/(6 m)
RAV = + 9 ton ()
RBV = RAV = q . L = 9 ton. (simetris)
b. Gaya lintang.
DA-B = + RAV = + 7 ton.
DB-A = + RAV q . L = - RBV = - 9 ton.
c. M o m e n .
Momen maksimum terjadi ditengah bentang,
Mmaks. = + RAV . L q . L . L
= q L . L 1/8 q L2 = q L2 1/8 q L2
Mmaks. = + 1/8 q L2
Mmaks. = + 1/8 x (3 t/m) x (6 m)2 = + 13,5 t.m.
d. Tinjau tampang X.
Momen pada tampang X, dihitung dari kanan kekiri,
Mx = RAV . x q . x . x
Mx = RAV . x q x2 ..(2)
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Modul kuliah STATIKA 1 , Modul 3, 2012 Ir. Thamrin Nasution
Departemen Teknik Sipil, FTSP. ITMI.
= q L/q = L = x 6
x = 3 m (ditengah bentang).
Gaya lintang,
Dx = d(Mx)/dx = RAV q . x ..(5)
5.000
Dx
0.000 X
0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0
-5.000
-10.000
A B
M o m e n (ton.m')
2
Mx = 1/2 q L x 1/2 q x
16.0000
14.0000
12.0000
10.0000
Mx
8.0000
6.0000
4.0000
2.0000
0.0000 X
0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0
A B
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Modul kuliah STATIKA 1 , Modul 3, 2012 Ir. Thamrin Nasution
Departemen Teknik Sipil, FTSP. ITMI.
qx (t/m)
2/3 x 1/3 x
q = 3 t/m
A B
QX X QR
RAV RBV
x
2/3 L 1/3 L
L=6m
Penyelesaian :
a. Reaksi Perletakan.
QR = q . L = (3 t/m) x x (6 m) = 9 ton.
MB = 0,
RAV . L QR . 1/3 L = 0
RAV = + 1/3 QR = + 1/3 q . L
RAV = 1/6 q L
= 1/6 x (3 t/m)/(6 m)
RAV = + 3 ton ()
MB = 0,
RBV . L + QR . 2/3 L = 0
RBV = + 2/3 QR = + 2/3 q . L
RBV = 1/3 q L
= 1/3 x (3 t/m)/(6 m)
RBV = + 6 ton ()
Kontrol :
V = 0,
RAV + RBV QR = 0
3 ton + 6 ton 9 ton = 0 (memenuhi)
b. Gaya lintang.
DA-B = + RAV = + 1/6 q L = + 3 ton.
DB-A = + RAV QR = 1/6 q L q L = 1/3 q L = RBV = 6 ton.
c. Tinjau tampang X.
Tampang X terletak sejauh x dari perletakan A, momen pada tampang X, dihitung dari
kanan kekiri,
qx = q . x/L
QX = qx . x = (q . x/L) . x qX (t/m)
2
= q x /L
Mx = RAV . x QX . 1/3 x QX
2
= (1/6 q L) . x ( q x /L) . 1/3 x 2/3x 1/3x
3 x
Mx = 1/6 q L x 1/6 q x /L ..(1)
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Modul kuliah STATIKA 1 , Modul 3, 2012 Ir. Thamrin Nasution
Departemen Teknik Sipil, FTSP. ITMI.
2.000
0.000 X
0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0
Dx
-2.000
-4.000
-6.000
-8.000
B
A
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Modul kuliah STATIKA 1 , Modul 3, 2012 Ir. Thamrin Nasution
Departemen Teknik Sipil, FTSP. ITMI.
M o m e n (ton.m')
3
Mx = 1/6 q L x 1/6 q x /L
8.0000
7.0000
6.0000
5.0000
Mx
4.0000
3.0000
2.0000
1.0000
0.0000 X
0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0
A B
P1 = 4 t P2 = 2 t QR
q = 3 t/m
A C D E B
RAV RBV
1m 1m 1m 3m
L=6m
+ 4,250 t
+ 2,250 t
x
+ 0,250 t
Bid. D
Dx = 0 - 6,750 t
+ 6,750 t.m
+ 4,500 t.m
+ 4,250 t.m
Bid. M
Mmaks = 7,59375 t.m
Penyelesaian :
a. Reaksi Perletakan.
QR = (3 t/m) x (3 m) = 9 ton.
MB = 0,
RAV . (6 m) P1 . (5 m) + P2 . (4 m) q . (3 m) . .(3 m) = 0
RAV x 6 4 x 5 + 2 x 4 x 3 x 32 = 0
RAV = (20 8 + 13,5)/6
RAV = + 4,250 ton ()
MA = 0,
RBV . (6 m) + P1 . (1 m) P2 . (2 m) + q . (3 m) . (4,5 m) = 0
RBV x 6 + 4 x 1 2 x 2 + 3 x 3 x 4,5 = 0
RBV = (4 4 + 40,5)/6
RBV = + 6,750 ton ()
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Modul kuliah STATIKA 1 , Modul 3, 2012 Ir. Thamrin Nasution
Departemen Teknik Sipil, FTSP. ITMI.
Kontrol :
V = 0,
RAV + RBV P1 + P2 QR = 0
4,250 t + 6,750 t 4 t + 2 t 9 t = 0
13 t 13 t = 0 ..(memenuhi)
b. Gaya Lintang.
DA-C = + RAV = + 4,250 ton.
DC-D = DA-C P1 = + RAV P1 = 4,250 4 = + 0,250 ton.
DD-E = DC-D + P2 = + RAV P1 + P2
= 0,250 + 2 = + 2,250 ton.
DE-B = DD-E QR = + RAV P1 + P2 QR
= 2,250 9 = 6,750 t.
DE-B = RBV (memenuhi).
c. M o m e n .
MC = + RAV . (1 m) = + 4,250 x 1 = + 4,250 ton.m.
MD = + RAV . (2 m) P1 . (1 m) = + 4,250 x 2 4 x 1 = 4,500 t.m.
ME = + RAV . (3 m) P1 . (2 m) + P2 . (1 m)
= + 4,250 x 3 4 x 2 + 2 x 1 = 6,750 t.m.
MB = + RAV . (6 m) P1 . (5 m) + P2 . (4 m) q . (3 m) . .(3 m)
= + 4,250 x 6 4 x 5 + 2 x 4 3 x 3 x x 3
= + 25,500 20 + 8 13,5
MB = 0 t.m (memenuhi).
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Modul kuliah STATIKA 1 , Modul 3, 2012 Ir. Thamrin Nasution
Departemen Teknik Sipil, FTSP. ITMI.
WORKSHOP/PELATIHAN
P1 P2 P3 P4 P5
B
A C D E F G
a1 b1
a2 b2
a3 b3
a4 b4
a5 b5
L = 4 + X/2
MA =0
RBV = P1.a1/L + P2.a2/L + P3.a3/L + P4.a4/L + P5.a5/L
= (1 t).(0,7/3,5) + (1,5 t).(1,05/3,5) + (4 t).(2,1/3,5) + (3 t).(2,45/3,5) + (2 t).(2,8/3,5)
= 0,200 t + 0,450 t + 2,400 t + 2,100 t + 1,600 t
RBV = 6,750 ton.
Kontrol :
V = 0,
RAV + RBV P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 = 0
4,750 t + 6,750 t 1 t 1,5 t 4 t 3 t 2 t = 0
11,5 t 11,5 t = 0 (memenuhi).
d). Momen.
Perhitungan momen lentur dari kiri ke kanan, diperoleh,
Ma = 0 t.m.
Mc = + RAV . a1 = + 4,750 t x 0,7 m = + 3,325 t.m.
Md = + RAV . a2 P1 . (a2 a1) = + 4,750 t x 1,05 m 1 t .(1,05 m 0,7 m)
= + 4,638 t.m.
Me = + RAV . a3 P1 . (a3 a1) P2 . (a3 a2)
= + 4,750 t x 2,1 m 1 t .(2,1 m 0,7 m) 1,5 t .(2,1 m 1,05 m)
= + 7,000 t.m.
Mf = + RAV . a4 P1 . (a4 a1) P2 . (a4 a2) P3 . (a4 a3)
= + 4,750 t x 2,45 m 1 t .(2,45 m 0,7 m) 1,5 t .(2,45 m 1,05 m)
4,0 t .(2,45 m 2,1 m)
= + 6,388 t.m.
Mg = + RAV . a5 P1 . (a5 a1) P2 . (a5 a2) P3 . (a5 a3) P4 . (a5 a4)
= + 4,750 t x 2,8 m 1 t .(2,8 m 0,7 m) 1,5 t .(2,8 m 1,05 m)
4,0 t .(2,8 m 2,1 m) 3,0 t .(2,8 m 2,45 m)
= + 4,725 t.m.
Mb = 0 t.m.
Keseimbangan mengharuskan,
Ma = Mb = 0
Mc = Mc ; Md = Md ; Me = Me ; Mf = Mf ; Mg = Mg
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Modul kuliah STATIKA 1 , Modul 3, 2012 Ir. Thamrin Nasution
Departemen Teknik Sipil, FTSP. ITMI.
P1 P2 P3 P4 P5
B
A C D E F G
a1 b1
a2 b2
a3 b3
a4 b4
a5 b5
L = 4 + X/2
+ 4,750 t
+ 3,750 t
Bidang gaya +2,250 t
lintang (D)
- 1,750 t
- 4,750 t
- 6,750 t
+ 7,000 t.m
+ 6,388 t.m
Bidang
Momen (M)
+ 4,638 t.m + 4,725 t.m
+ 3,325 t.m
0 t.m 0 t.m
Kunci Jawaban
No. P1 P2 P3 P4 P5
Stb. ton ton ton ton ton
-1 1.000 1.500 4.000 3.000 2.000
0 1.000 1.500 4.000 3.000 2.000
1 1.000 1.500 4.000 3.000 2.000
2 1.000 1.500 4.000 3.000 2.000
3 1.000 1.500 4.000 3.000 2.000
4 1.000 1.500 4.000 3.000 2.000
5 1.000 1.500 4.000 3.000 2.000
6 1.000 1.500 4.000 3.000 2.000
7 1.000 1.500 4.000 3.000 2.000
8 1.000 1.500 4.000 3.000 2.000
9 1.000 1.500 4.000 3.000 2.000
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Modul kuliah STATIKA 1 , Modul 3, 2012 Ir. Thamrin Nasution
Departemen Teknik Sipil, FTSP. ITMI.
No. L a1 a2 a3 a4 a5 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5
Stb. m m m m m m m m m m m
-1 3.500 0.700 1.050 2.100 2.450 2.800 2.800 2.450 1.400 1.050 0.700
0 4.000 0.800 1.200 2.400 2.800 3.200 3.200 2.800 1.600 1.200 0.800
1 4.500 0.900 1.350 2.700 3.150 3.600 3.600 3.150 1.800 1.350 0.900
2 5.000 1.000 1.500 3.000 3.500 4.000 4.000 3.500 2.000 1.500 1.000
3 5.500 1.100 1.650 3.300 3.850 4.400 4.400 3.850 2.200 1.650 1.100
4 6.000 1.200 1.800 3.600 4.200 4.800 4.800 4.200 2.400 1.800 1.200
5 6.500 1.300 1.950 3.900 4.550 5.200 5.200 4.550 2.600 1.950 1.300
6 7.000 1.400 2.100 4.200 4.900 5.600 5.600 4.900 2.800 2.100 1.400
7 7.500 1.500 2.250 4.500 5.250 6.000 6.000 5.250 3.000 2.250 1.500
8 8.000 1.600 2.400 4.800 5.600 6.400 6.400 5.600 3.200 2.400 1.600
9 8.500 1.700 2.550 5.100 5.950 6.800 6.800 5.950 3.400 2.550 1.700
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