1. Exhaust close to 5)
pollutant generation
2. Effective local extracts
3. Supply to the breathing 3) 4)
zone 2) High
pollution Clean area
area
4. Supply air to clean
areas
5. More extract from 1)
6)
dirty areas
6. Tranfer air from clean
to dirty areas
Mechanical Ventilation Module -Vent Dis Course Olli Seppnen
Concentration of pollutants in steady
and non-steady state
How to calulate
indoor air
G
concentration if q v, suo =
source c ida c suo
strenght,
supply air
concentration,
qv , SUP
t
G
air flows are c ida (t ) c sup = c ida (0) + 1 e V
q v,sup
r
known
Time of the
year, %
Exhaust
Bedroom
Kitchen
Hall
Perfect mixing
Bedroom
Livingroom Bathroom
Bad ventilation
Exhaust
Exhaust
Bedroom
Kitchen
Hall
Outdoor air
Outdoor air
grill
grill
Bathroom
Livingroom Bedroom
Exhaust
1)
1)
7)
6) 7)
6)
2)
2)
2)
2) 4)
5)
3)
4)
5)
Air cooled
condenser
Chilled water
tank
Water chiller
Radiator and
thermostatic valve
District heating supply
Air cooled
condenser
Chilled water
tank
Chilled beam
Water chiller
Radiator and
thermostatic
valve
Chilled water
pipes
Inspection
door
Shelf for Supply air unit
electrical for corridor
cables
Suspended ceiling
two doors 250x450
or one 600x600
m (1 L/s, m)
m (1.5 L/s, m)
m (2 L/s, m)
m (3 L/s, m)
1 2
p = v + RL
2
Mechanical Ventilation Module -Vent Dis Course Olli Seppnen Friction pressure loss R, Pa/m
Balancing of air flow
2 nd 2 nd
floor floor
1 st 1 st
floor floor
Out Out
door door
air air
Difficult to balance Easy to balance
Test pressure, Pa
Ceiling height, m
Floor area, m
m (1 L/s, m)
m (1.5 L/s, m)
m (2 L/s, m)
m (3 L/s, m)
Sewage vent
2)
3) 2) Need for freezing protection
4)
3) Supply air temperature after heat
Outdoor air recovery
4) DDsup = surface area proportional
0 100 to recovered heat
Outdoor Supply
+
+
Supply
Pressure 0
Extract
-
Mixing flow
Laminar piston
pattern
flow
Short circuiting
flow pattern Displacement flow
> 2xD
2xD
1. 2. 3.
>b
b
6 - 8 L/s
=
10 L/s
Displacement
Extract 26
C
Height above floor, z [m]
2,5
26 C
2,0
1,5 Occupied zone
24 C
1,0 24 C
0,5 Supply 18 C
18 C
0
16 18 20 22 24 26
Temperature [C]
Mechanical Ventilation Module -Vent Dis Course Olli Seppnen
Principles of controls
19 23 Te
Ventilation rate, qs
Max
Min
Ctrl
CO2 -
concentration
Min Max
(~ 600 ppm) (~ 1000 ppm)
SENSOR
CO2
ODOUR
VOC
PARTICLES
Air quality sensor
Temperature sensor