Chapter 2 BASIC SOLUTIONS FOR CONCENTRATED LOADING 2.1.2 BOUSSINESQ PROBLEM Point load acting on the surface of a seni- infinite mass (Fig.2.2) 2.1 Point Loading 2.1.1. KELVIN PROBLEM Point load acting within an infinite elastic mass (Fig.2.1). . P 16.2.1 a} Ne I" | Ne i" % PIG.2.2 Pp at, ays 2 come Ut SE] Gan - ses (2.28) oe oe SB -crew) ww. 28) P pedte | (1-B0R. 2" Rw we o, so gar (AGE + GR) a (2.20) PUN) 2 (a2ye z % 7 ae ++ Qt9 og = “ER UF asl se 2.20) = aig aw wes Qed) o - Gum see (2.24) te? Hear Bee]. ue) - Be see (@e2e) mew wR a PI z Ly) & 0, = Site (s-e+8) |. ean 0, = PAH) [ecw + see (2.28) PU), ve er taagh og = ABD aE. Getvley athe p *- Gati-viE* FT 162.1.3. CERUTTI'S PROBLEM Horizontal point load acting along the surface of a semi-infinite mass (Fig.2.3). 2 soak rs. 23 o, - ces (25a) og el + abe BE geen) 3x2, = 2 BE + br or - 2-2 see (2.30) 0 = aye see 2.38) 4 Gen 2Rzt cy 7 BEBE ce Ry (Rta)? -@.39 yy, = Se ve 30) Bes*z a, = esp Piaey) pze y (ist 9, ~ "lap lie + “ie G58 FP Ue ire oy GE ail vn 59 Paw) (a. Gate ee en 2.1.4 “MINDLIN'S PROBLEM NO.1 Vertical point load acting beneath the surface of a semi-infinite mass. (Mindlin, 1936). (Fig.2.4). a eR LUeBwilene) _ sa* (ene) mi ‘= (I=9) RL ¢ CoB) 15 ere)-tv¢ ste) % Saco)? 7 _ S(Sctv)2* (2-0) 60240) (1-20) 2-290 g ~ Hezte(ste) _ (1-0)! z F, (#242) see (24a) 2 2. *t-grgaar” il Pesce Tot Fie, 204 (4-20) (ze) _ 5y? (a-a) = plea EES. 4p GeBv){3lzco)ntvlste)) BA _ Stes) (2c0)-to( to) (1-89) 2-090) xy _ Maviate) _ sawtt-B) , HR, fate) *0- gatas BI ase (204) ea [- (2-20) (aro) ,((A-Bv) (2-0) a R B 3(3-4v)2(ate)* ~Se(zte) (Sa-c) zl wes R40)Py 4 18¥_ Hare)? ye" att | a ROR = Hdstuelate) State). stox{ga}*) 2 zr 2 ses Qh) + Hao}? as” Bice | ~ “RF # _ MSctv)2(ste)~JelSste) _ Ies(ste)? B zy vs Qute) “ iy | ME - eee surface of a semi-infinite mass. (Fig. GU) 1. Ly Ringsted) Gare * i - Sox(ste) | a . [ astuufeced zw (t70) 7 ater | z |, eam) _ see) Raia) a «¢ SoldeBv)(2te)*80¥( ye ane ~ Wertz(are) see Qedg) Re a, a -EUDY, [22 , (tv) (ate)nt0 ea [mt _ flv) _, golate)* _ get sto) Rimeered tgs CB on (2.4) » ater a _ SSv)a(ate)-So(set0) _ % sextgse/* | Be er) be | me, envio) = ater [ e+ Se ~ Papeete) aay , ev, 8(1-v)?-(3-40) Re 4 Soztete): + Sexiest ce (24) °, = Tey Lace)? , (3040) (240)* ~202 wR z Influence factors for oz, and Gp and Og on ds have been tabulated by Geddes’ (1956). 2.1.5. MINDLIN'S PROBLEM NO.2. Horizontal point load @ acting beneath the (Qlindlin, 1936). 4) ot), (1-209 (5-40) | gat o » =z =e ati = Hityla® sty) By) Be 2, , Rpate)® 2032240) F208, 400) x(3- $e. Sztz. + (30 - (aw (ate) + =] se (2.54) so [Gbh « ceueey | at 'y * Bry # RE Meat | awia-2) RE 2,1, tate)* (aRgtat0)) « Casa) (Continued)porns zoaDznc » 8g - 4 +e a Ly, (ety) | fez ge, er Eee +e) °y * Feet lz RE + (2.50) : _ sa) (1-20) em ow RE | Meaty) | (eav) _ taco)? Bh foto) ary) | RE a ORE Hedy) (z40)® 92 pace , (Sotv(aro) ar °, * Gmacio |B nee te | Salat)? _ Sostste) , 4€t-v) (1-29) a + (e+ rau cae» SESE ) 2 eS ves 88) ses (250) 2.1.6 POINT LOAD Slace) _ (8-40) (240) eee tee fac. sco) Vercical point loa acting at te surface of 2 : : anger taste yc eek niga ae ieee ais seitlenine beta Tontletin esr oy Geediste? ee a aa +8 rem EY), 80 se eel Qf, Gagv)lare) , (1-20) (300) ona) zB # = Selged _ stseeettar) 2 Stal ste). = 82 alatela(t-2et flare) aCanayles. Se a] vee (2.5¢) a ef - e a FIG. 2.5 v" ouaw LR Rag Numerical values for the stresses and displace- = Sietylst | sw) O-B0) ents in this problen have been tabulated by Poulos EL R,(Rytatol? (0967), and aze given in TABLES 2.1 to 2.7. (2 - 2{ciatated, fh 2- Hy] Bi(Retate)” RE % 2.1.7 OTHER SOLUTIONS vee (289) (a) Point Loads Inside an Infinite Two Layer ‘Syeten - Solutions for stresses and displace ms have been given by Plevako (1968) for both vertical and horizontal point loading. = (sete he Texari-v) R () Point Load Within an Elastic Layer - A als formal solution for stresses and displacenents has been given by Shekter and Prikhodchenko +e (Sh), Mwy) x 7 (2964), but no numerical values are evaluated. a z BO” Rasa oe 50)20 TABLE 2.1 FOR VERTICAL STRESS 9, POINT “LOAD a, <1, P/anh® INFLUENCE FACTORS I, % ‘e couceNTRAreD LoaDrNeTABLE 2.2 FOR RADIAL STRESS 0, Tg, ” POINT LOAD INPLUENCE FACTORS Ig Penh? q= a2 TABLE 2.3 i FOR TANGENTIAL -STRESS oy POINT LOAD oy =I, P/anht INPLUENCE FACTORS ConcewmsareD LOADING 323255992828 28) ESaGTe eee ee 28882852598! aay HT | SIF ETSEE SRRASERRESSSSIEES ES eeecsnanssceeseaessss| 8852253898828 228283| natesssaeseterssts: 3322325333 | 3 i i + # onTABLE 2.4 INPLUGNCE FACTORS gq FOR BULK STRESS © POINT LOAD Om 14 P/aah Ty for olea"s tale V+ OF 2B‘CONCENTRATED LOADING 26 3 432g09388) 838 Fr m/e tr = avot sst0a ‘semis uvans vox “F suouovd aoNaMLINT st WML25 pore s ro zo ou ro Mr 7. war BIRT Tae OTE - snaepytasta WiEnt anak is smme/ar = 0 as ‘avo INIOd au 8 Saeed ee eae SINSHEOVTASTG GOVRINS HOS SANTVA HONAMTANT 9°2 RIV,26 2.2 Line Loading In stb-sections 2.2.1 to 2.2.7, only solutions for stress are presented, Displacements due to line Joading on or ina semi-infinite mass are only mesn- ingful if evaluated as the displacenent of one point yelative to another point, both points being located heither at the origin of loading nor at infinity. INFINITE LINE LOAD ACTING WITHIN AN INFINITE SOLID (Integrated Kelvin robles) . (Fig.2.6). 2.2.1 open imam INFINITE VERTICAL LINE LOAD ON THE 2.2.2 ‘SURFACE OF A SEMI-INFINITE YASS (Integrated Boussinesq problem) (Fig.2.7). fit tenain FIG. 2.7 CONCENTRATED LOADING o, = 2 + @.70) 4° BE w+ G7) - mE ve (2.70) 2 we 2.78 Principal stresses: % s+ 2.88) y= 0 sos (2.86) Trae s+ @.8e) Loci of constant oy, 0 and trax fare circles tangent to x-axis at 0. Trajectories of o2 ‘are radial Lines through 0. Trajectories of o2 are a family of semi-circles, centres at 0. Trajectories of. tar fare two orthogonal families of equi- ‘angular spirals intersecting the radial Lines at 245°. For the case of a vertical line load of finite length, influence values for dz are tabulated by Lysner’and Duncan (1969). HORIZONTAL LINE LOAD ACTING ON SURFACE OF SEMI-INFINITE MASS (Intograted Cerruti Problem) (Fig.2.8). 2.2.8 s/n wg 1 Ne vo, 28nave + tat ses 2.98) = ae ses @.9b) y 7 ee s+ G90) ‘es 7 fais aes (2.94) 2.2.4 HELAN'S PROBLEM 1 Vertical line loading p/unit length beneath the surface of @ semi-infinite mass (Fig.2.9). = 2 [pe (Cnet, Craectonsty - ast ola Oe ™ Weegee mated 8d , tasty ses (2-100) voapiwe 7 ape eee Bda(dia)*, mol (1 1, daldes) ee tae Geet ae) ] ses (2105) we 2.2.5 MBLAN'S PROBLEM TT Horizontal line load q/unit length acting beneath the surface of a semi-infinite mass (Fig.2.9). Ly (and)*_ dPnz*+6e Be eSB CSE. Soeae e “Bk a 84]. enim g [mt eget aatyces ” * ame - sedge gw 2.2.6 VERTICAL LINE LOADING ON QUARTER-SPACE (Figure 2.10). FIG. 2.10 Solutions for the stresses within the quarter- space have been given by Shepherd (1935). Hetenyi (1960) has obtained solutions for the stresses on the Boundaries due to both a vertical and a horizontal Tine 102d.concewreareD LoaprNG 26 Values of stresses obtained by Shepherd are given in Table 2.8. Polar coordinates are used as ‘the problem originally considered was that of an infinite sector. TABLE 2.8 ~ STRESSES IN A QUARTER-SPACE (After shepherd, 1935) Stress x/a 0.358 0.504 0.710 1.0 1.409 1.985 2.796 be o 0 © 0 *# 09 0 0 1S 0.02 0.29 2.63 14.83 1.50 0.09 -0.06 50 013 12 4146 6.59 2.30 0.27 9.01 45 0.29 1.36 3.03 3.36 1.52 0.34 0.08 Brag 60 0.19 0184 156 1:55 0.80 0.21 0.01 P96 75 0:10 0.23 0.41 0.36 0.22 0.05 -0.06 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0,88 -1.26 -1.61 © 1S 0.04 0.75 1.37 -1.06 30 0.22 0.31 -0.82 -0.32 45 0.04 0.03 -0.24 0.48 Bra, 60 0.02 0:09 0.46 1.16 PCr 75 -0.16 0.35 0.45 1.56 90 0.64 -0.48 0.25 1.45 oo 0 1S -0.09 0.26 30 0.05 0.48 45 0.02 0.01 2B, 60 0.01 -0.5 P 8 75 -0:01 -0.2 9 oO 2.2.7 LINE LOADING AT THE APEX OF AN INFINITE WEDGE (Fig.2.11) Michel1 (1900) gives the following solutions: = [ gosbecet sind eins ee Loar einae * la ~ ein soe (Qul2a) % - 8 ses 2126) te? ses Qul2e) 2.2.8 VERTICAL LINE LOAD ON FINITE LAYER (Fig.2.12) Values of stresses and displacements are given in TABLES 2.9 to 2.15 (Poulos, 1966). » [omit langtn FIG, 2.12LINE voaDING 29 TALE 2.9 INFLUENCE VALUES Zp, FOR VERTICAL STRESS ¢, UNE vos TET > weaed [oo 8 5 a Toy Bt os aa a os on oa 9 266 2.566 2.787 2.759 2.980 2.975 3.269 3.286 5.661 5.655 5.157 5.127 9.801 9.899 2iss9 21560 2.787 21965 5.025 S115 31312 3.391 3.704 5.772 $0201 S254 9.905 9.911, 2.873 2,505 2.715 2.682 2.885 2.877 3.118 3.122 3.485 5.452 4.516 4.505 5.946 5.952 2ia7l 2.508 2.702 2.774 2.920 3.001 2.171 3.245 3.498 3.562 4.585 4.586 5.957 5.960 2.400 2.551 2.505 2.471 2.627 2.614 2.778 2.775 2.988 2.954 5.251 3.217 2.341 2.347 2 2201 2.512 2.477 2.528 2.682 2.703 2.819 2.867 21990 3.040 31283 3.305, ous 2144 2.078 2.203 2.162 2.261 2.240 2.311 2.302 2.555 2.553 2.099 2.081 “5 plot 2.023 2.145 2.170 2.265 2.279 2318 21349 21352 2385 21117 21128 0.4 16840 1.774 1.855 1.810 1.857 1.828 1.751 1.741 1.301 1.257 4 alma Les 1.773 1.766 Lalo 1815 Lind 1.758 1.307 1.307 0.5 1525 1.462 1.508 1.455 1.465 1.429 1.265 1.287 0.803 0.774 -S 41359 1135011597 11365 1.387 1.365 1231 1.223 0.792. 0.786 0.6 1223 1168 1179 1130 1.117 1.077 0.889 0.867 0.497 0.445 *$ 1092 1.039 1.061 1.008 1.021 0.978 0.837 0.814 0.475 0.466 0.7 0-954 0.906 0.898 0.850 0.827 0.785 0.61 0.588 0.308 0.270 “7 9.830 0.71 0.774 0.711 0.718 0.661 01543 01509 0.276 0.266 0.8 0-721 0.6853 0.661 0.619 0.592 0.553 0.408 0.379 0.188 0.124 0161S 01883 01547 01478 01485 01421 02335 01298 0.150 0.157 0.9 0-536 0.507 0.879 0.885 0.417 0.580 0.267 0.287 0.108 0.068 “2 9.447 0:300 0.375 0.309 0-514 0.251, 0.192 0:070 0.057 1.0 0-357 0.338 0.306 0.279 0.254 0.228 0.144 0.045 -0,020 “9 9.204 0.241 0.224 0.162 0.167 0.106 0.075 0010 -0.005 1.25 0-121 0.125 0.091 0.082 0.062 0.087 0.015 =0.016 -0.057 “28 9:111 0.079 0.089 0.020 0.020 -0.023 -0.028 70.037 -0.057 1.5 0.010 =0.005 0.003 -0.018 -0.016 ~0.085 -0.040 -0.035 -0.097 “$0045 0-011 -0.015 0.014 -0.082 702040 -0:070 -0.035 -0.061 1.75°0-050 ~0.036 -0.019 -0.040 -0.029 ~0.039 ~0.052 -0.064 “759.028 (0.008 -0.006 -0.010 -0.027 701026 701021 -0.047 2.9 -0-082 ~0.042 -0.019 0.041 -0.022 0.035 ~0.025 -0.131 0.025 (0.015 0.010 0.006 -0-005 0:05 70-005 -0.026 2.5 “0-025 -0.003 -0.022 -0.004 -0.019 -0.008 0.085 ~0.006 -0.042 “5 “91027 0.034 0.022 0.027 0.018 0.020 0-011 0.007 -0:000 3.9 -0-010 0.004 -0.007 0.008 -0.005 0.004 0.000 0.005 0.005 ° 0.022 0.082 0.018 0.028 0.017 0.023 0.012 0.008 0.008 ° ‘4.9 9-006 0.008 0.006 0.005 0.007 0.004 0.008 0.009 0.005 0. 0:08 0.019 0.006 0.017 0.005 0.015 0003 0.001 0:08 °. %.9 0-005 0,000 0.008 0.000 0.005 0.000 0.000 0.005 0.000 0.005 0.000 0.008 0.000 “9,000 0.006 -0.000 0.005 -0:000 0.008 0.004 -0,001 0.004 -0.001 0.003 -0.001 0.002 8.0 0-002 0.002 -0.000 0.002 -0.001 0.002 -0.001 0.002 -0.001 0.002 -0.001 0.002 -0.001 ® 7001 0-001 0-000 0.001 0.000 -0.001 0.000 -0:001 0.000 -0.001 -0.000 -0.001 -0.001CONCENTRATED LOADING 30. TABLE 2.10 INFLUENCE VALUES I, FOR BULK STRESS 6 LINE LOAD EO OE = 0d | 0-5 in (eae [0.5] mite 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.4 0.2 g 21634 5.789 2,546 5.567 2.569 5.508 2.706 3.611 2.986 3.902 4.292 5.419 8.885 10.92 51923 7.739 5.419 6.953 5.145 6.433 5.120 6.217 5.522 6.295 6.846 7.709 13.02 14.12 0. 273 $707 2.492 5.499 2.512 3.441 2.657 5.550 2.887 5.786 5.975 5.042 6.647 8.250 "1 51766 7.524 5.294 6.761 5.012 6.291 4.997 6.075 5.162 6.121 6.590 7.217 9.880 10.76 0.2 2400 5.436 2.538 5.267 2.352 5.214 2.444 5.272 2.620 5.445 5.255 4.165 5.759 4.768 +2 51346 6.936 4.960 6.318 4.726 5.903 41673 5.685 4.755 5.651 5.371 6.116 5.848 6.432 ous 2144 5.065 2.107 2.947 2.115 2.900 2.166 2.920 2.256 2.997 2.458 5.206 1.961 2.605 +3 47g 61068 4.447 5.652 41216 51818 4.188 5.106 4.176 41997 41226 4.875 3.326 3.737 0.4 1-840 2.559 1.829 2.558 1.852 2,504 1.847 2.492 1.962 2.490 1.770 2.365 0.970 1.413 4 31992 51068 5.847 4.840 5.718 4.620 3.635 4.434 3.553 4.272 5.259 3.803 1.952 2.275 0.5 16525 26142 1.536 1.536 1.524 2.075 1.489 2.021 0.423 0.754 +S 3240 4.050 3.206 sz 3.087 3.739 2.937 3.565 11183 11476 0.6 1-223 1.685 | 1.249 1,249) 1.221 1.662 1.157 1.583 0.844 1.220 0,107 0.370 6 2isag 5.117, 2.599 21568 21517 3.079 2.390° 2.919 1.868 2.308 0.754 1.045 0.7 0-954 1.302 0.989 1.549 0.989 1.352 0.955 1.513 0.879 1.228 0.539 0.867 -0.070 0.153 -7 1937 21316 2.045 21484 2.037 21533 2.026 2.486 1.910 2.362 1.423 1.820 0.499 0.808 0.8 0-721 0.949 0.759 1.008 0.760 0.724 0.987 0.647 0.909 0.350 0.590 -0.175 0.020 8 11436 11661 1.575 11890 1.612 1,608 1.975 1.514 1.887 1.100 1.452 0.360 0.679 0.9 0-537 0.696 0.574 0,756 0.575 0.541 0.747 0.470 0.679 0.207 0.409 -0.224 ~0.048 -9 104g 1117111195 11409 1.230 1,265 11560 11194 1/514 0.858 1.191 0.279 0.610 0.557 0,594 0.390 0.451 0.392 0.362 0.457 0.300 0.409 0.080 0.213 -0.258 -0.098, 0.685 0.724 0.837 0.972 0.901 0.936 1.160 0.895 1.150 0.651 0.956 0.254 0.565 0.121 0.079 0.142 0.112 0.142 0.122 0.127 0,082 0.109 -0.052 0.029 -0.242 -0.090 0.288 0.238 0.373 0.417 0.411 01484 0.619 0.483 0.666 0.389 0.634 0.212 0.514 'g 0-010 -0.014 0,020 0,002 0.018, (0.004 0,013 0.020 0.009 -0.097 -0.017 -0.200 -0.055 “S$ 0;101 0.079 0.176 0.229 0.214 0.268 0.355 0.285 0.405 0.272 0.475 0.222 0.465 1,75°0-030 -0.021 -0.027 -0.015 0,030 70.039 -0.009 0.055 -0.009 -0.095 -0.014 -0.148 -0.020 “780,056 0.055 0-102 0.141 0.142 (0170 0.252 0-191 0.299 0.211 0.376 0.217 0.419 2.0 70-042 -0.022 -0.045 -0.018 0.047 0.052 -0.015 -0.060 -0.012 -0.081 -0.013 -0.105 -0.013 "01058 0.072 0.084 0.118 0.110 01130 0.205 0.149 0.243 0.179 0.311 0.206 0.568, 2.5 “0-025 -0.005 -0.027 -0,004 -0.030 0.033 -0.001 -0.036 -0.000 -0,041 0.002 -0.045 0.005 *§ "9.062 0,102 0.073 0.124 0.086 0.097 0.170 0-108 0.193 0.151 0.238 0.152 0.281 ‘3.0 -0-010 0.005 -0.012 0.005 -0.013 =0.015 0.006 -0.016 0.007 -0.017 0.009 -0.019 0.013 +0 "0.052 0.097 0.058 0.111 0.064 0.073 0.139 0.079 0.154 0.093 0.182 0.105 0.208 9 9-006 0.007 0.005 0.007 0.005 0.004 0,007 0.004 0,007 0.004 0.007 -0.000 0.cos 0:018 0.058 0.021 0.064 0.026 0.027 0.075 0.029 0.081 0.034 0.091 0.037 0.101 6.0 0-005 0,001 0.005 0,001 0.005 (0.005 0.001 0.005 0.001 0.005 0.001 0.003 0.000 © 0.000 0.017 0.001 0.018 0.001 0,002 0.021 0.003 0.022 0.004 0.025 0.004 0.027 8.0 0-002 -0.001 9.002 -0,001 0.002 (0.002 -0.001 0.002 -0,001 0,002 0.001 0.002 -0.001 +0. .0:002- 0.002 -0-002 0.002 -0.002 0.001. 0.003. -0.001. 0.003. -0.001 0-004 0.001. 0.004.INE zoapIne a TABLE 2.11 INFLUENCE VALUES Iz, FOR HORIZONTAL SHEAR STRESS LINE LOAD = s 0d | va0-S See 7 oh Mag 10 9 0.8 0.7 on 0. ; - 0.6 0.4 0.2 o fo Oo oO oO oo oo oO oo a) o 0 oo o 0 oo Cn) o 0 0.1 OMS 0.195 0.164 0,193 0.219 0.254 0.509 0.315 0.447 0.448 1.081 1.026 2.914 2.906 +1 97266 01330 0.223 0.250 0.242 0.248 0.510 0.307 0.436 0.427 1.008 0.999 2.888 2.888 0.2 0-265 0.364 0,300 0.357 0.591 0.422 0,536 0.550 0.744 0.747 1.441 1.432 2.250 2.215 +2 91496 0.617 0.416 0.468 0.439 0.453 0.542 0.537 0.725 0.710 1.396 1.380 2.181 2.178 0.5 0348 0.485 0.388 0.470 0.490 0.536 0.63 0.665 0.845 0.849 1.522 1.509. 1.224 1.205 +3 91666 0.850 0.554 0.630 0.563 0.588 0.657 0.655 0.820 0.803 1.260 1.238 1.155 1.147 0.4 0-591 0.554 0.427 0.529 0.517 0.578 0.645 0.676 0.792 0.802 1.008 0.994 0,658 0.612 +4 9.765 0.960 0.635 0.752 0.616 0.655 0.671 0.677 0.771 0.787 0.936 0.911 0.553 0.541 0.5 0391 0.572 0.421 0.539 0.489 0.561 0,576 0,615 0.660 0.676 0.694 0,680 0.525 0.205 5 97799 11007 0.660 0.775 0.610 0.666 0.617 0.634 0.646 0.640 0.617 0.594 0.227 0.215 0.6 0-367 0.552 0.385 0.514 0.427 0.510 0.476 0.524 0.510 0.552 0.448 0.455 0.155 0.122 6 9.780 0.995 0.644 0.774 0.571 0.643 0.554 0.567 0.508 0-516 0.372 0.358 0.080 0.045 0.7 0-319 0.506 0,332 0.465 0.353 0.442 0.370 0.370 0.597 0.270 0.258 0.059 "7 9.724 0,935 0-600 0.740 0.511 0.599 0.444 0.380 0.404 0.198 0.198 0.048, 0.8 0-268 0.446 0.271 0.407 0.275 0.372 0.275 0.256 0.290 0.150 0.141 +8 9.649 0.849 0.540 0-688 0.847 0.850 0.363, 0.280 0.324 0.086 0.105 0.9 0-212 0.583 0.215 0.548 0.210 0.307 0.197 0.169 0.205 0.072 0.066 "9 9.567 0.757 0.475 0.627 0.385 0.500 0.295 0.208 0.267 0.018 0.055 1.0 0-152 0,505 0.148 0.274 0.159 0.254 0.119 0.185 0.090 0.129 0.014 0.010 +9 97460 0.636 0.392 0.544 0.312 0.438 0.226 0.529 0.159 0.222 -0.028 0.034 2g 0-055 0.177 0.054 0.161 0.046 0.151 0.030 0.092 9,010 0,049 -0.026 -0.028 +25 g’2g5 0.440 0.252 0.401 0.199 0.338. 0.136 0.263 0.069 0.186 -0.050 0.049 dis 0-012 0,098 0.004 0.075 -0.004 0,048 -0.012 0.021 -0.020 -0.025 *$ 91170 0.311 0.187 01268 0.087 0.225 0.043 0.174 -0.038 0.080 1. 75-0-014 -0,015 0.082 -0.010 0.028 -0.009 9.015 -0.000 -0.015 “759.099 0.094 01213 0.055 0.189 0.028 0.159 -0.025 0.095 2.0 0-011 0.029 -0.018 0.026 -0.004 0.020 0.003 0.013 0.021 0.000 “© g:0s4 0.172 0.083 0.169 0.038 0.186 0.017 0.139 -0.018 0.096 2. 0-002 0,017 0.005 0.018 0.015 0.016 0.025 0.014 0,048 0.010 *S g:016 0.116 0.015 0.114 0.008 0.109 -0-003 0.100 -0.02 0.075 43.0 -0-008 0,015 0.005 0.015 0.026 0.015 0.036 0.014 0.07 0.011 © "0.000 0.087 0.005 0.088 -0.011 0.079 -0.016 0.073 -0.081 0.056 ‘4.0 0-007 0,012 0,015 0.011 0,050 0.010 0.038 0.009 0.054 0.007 *° 9.020 0.045 -0.022 01040 -0.028 0.037 -0.021 0.034 -0.059 0.025 0.007 0.007 0.012 0.00§ 0,022 0.005 9.027 0.004 0.037 0.003 8.0 9,026 0.015 -0.028 0,013 -0.050 0.012 -0.032 0.010 -0.035 0.007 3.9 0-004 0,004 0.007 0.005 0,014 0.005 0.017 0.002 0.024 0.002 +9 02028 0.006 0.024 0.005 -0.026 0.004 -0.026 0.004 -0.028 0.003CONCENTRATED LOADING TABLE 2.12 2.3 Line Loading—Axial Symmetry TNFLIENCE VALUES 7... FOR SURFACE DISPLACEIENTS 2.5.1 UNIFORM VERTICAL RING LOADING ON oe SURFACE OF SEMI-INFINITE MASS 0g = Blog (Fig. 2.13) HORIZONTAL DISPLACEMENT , sm 0 0.2 0.4 Os Looe Gl W366 0.957 0.516 -0.094 sh hengn 0:2 Lads ols L217 “odes nS O's 1130 L727 o.127 “0.269 Ol4 L019 Lets L042 “07542 O's Ole 0118-01085 “0.407 016 0149 01456-01097 “01460 0:7 01646 01355 “OL151 01498 01 O1$86 01288 “01194 “01524 0901476 01227 70.225 70.558 - 1001390 0:80 “01247 “0/537 Frc. 2.13 12s. 01287 0:08-0:21 0.509 US) ol167 01026-01281 oles H7s 011 0L00s “01211 “ose easts Ge 2.0 0.074 0.001 0.175 -0.308 Cae rerls OO) y 215 010s 01002 “0.118 “0.210 3.0 0.012 -0.015 -0.067 -0.135 —seala_ see (2.138) 4001002 20002 0.026 20.053 5 Teast 610 01000 "0:080 “0/005 “0007 810 0000 0.000 0-000 0.000 wo = pe late atest ae jahea' se Qe) TABLE 2.15, aptstvieg INFLUENCE VALUES J, FOR SURFACE DISPLACEMENTS 8m least) vr @ot36) LINE 100 95° 3 ps eos @38) VERTICAL DISPLACEMENT 0, ses Qul50) sm” 0 02 04 0.5 On 5.756 5.466 2.688 1.926 02 asl 2.222 Sse 01973 ess 2.186) O's 175011555 01964 L458 O14 12u4 10601585 L132 O15 01896 01749 0.524 0.079 O16 leis 015 OLS “0-217 2.5.2 UNIFORM VERTICAL SUBSURFACE LINE LOAD 0:7 lass 01347 0104S 0.299 (ig. 2.18) Ole 01s 01218-01057 “0134 01901212 01a “oL101 “38 Xo 01126 01089 “ol1s9 “o!3s9 1125 01025 0:00 “0-146 “0.315 15° -0012 “olo2e “01112 “o!3se surtce 17s 701028 “ol025 “ol08s “o!198 20° “olo17 “0101s “olo71 “L154 21s 20!010 0/009 “o!0ss “008s 510 Z0!008 “0/001 “o!o14 “005? 0} Prete secs | 80 Zolo02 20000 0-007 “0/025 610 “o!000 20000 0/002 “0“008 8.0 0.000 -0.000 -0.000 0.000 FIG. 2.14(ERWE LOADING ~ AXIAL SHOGTRY 33 Geddes (1966) evaluated the following express- ions for the stresses from Mindlin's equations: zB 202 “oP * RW a 2(2-y) + 2(1-20) B + 2 a FP * r ent 4(309) 8 nt dant 240) met) + 2)"= Canton?) + - ot PSE) ont? - ae + ———— # a sss (eta) of. i [a-w nF ” Fal a G-my-10t0) 2 B+} 3 + deat F a 2 sn2anto90 0) BY P seaoetreotor t+, 4 3 etniatmt yom +2 - nn’ + + * * + aaa ge - ghz] ++ (2.140) 2 (a2) “ee > we |G entteay) (anosyoe(io 20 + 2 a0-20)-6(1-0) 2) = 6 EE aatamtve(reav)Binen)* + + 4 x font 2n?-2(1420)a? P + + daewy-nt so - ge} ] ses Que) gp eo et ne ® > a |_—E : . nn B* cooks bas ng Bt come BEG" G sD ae B + a1yta re Lam sume (met)? (C2) + 12 Be + 6)" (mtt)*E + 2)" ren? ST 6) -20-2) + omitsen" &) * P re ] + @.148) On the axis with m0 and m1.0, = otf Aw) | 2l2-v) , 202-) Keg" Gatiw [me taal * Gd + c++ (2-140) nf 2-v) _ _ én? Toa? [ 2eav(t-20) , (1-20) Ken = Neg = ET 4 Sllce)? on, tet SEP. athe + Bae x20 aes Quad) se Q4D) where n= 2/D, m= 2/D tents mt ae tn? + me )*] Bt fn? + (mt1)), Keg throughout the mass, and Kr and Xg9 oh the axis, are tabulated by Geddes (1966)-4 CONCENTRATED LOADING 2.3.3. LINEARLY VARYING SUBSURFACE LINE LOAD (Fig. 2.15) _ | New Fig, 2.15 ‘The folloving expressions for stress have been obtained by Geddes (1966): 2(542v) By + 4(5-vh —— P . inn?) 2008)" (me) ® Reena tet toed 7 orm (nton 12 Be i tect “ SIE eaten EL ¥ {(r-20)?- 6Htog Pity yet om + aCewyaeoy GEL - BS (2.150) F [ z “1 x, feet y= 0, = aby PY o's FRA 2 (I 20) ae cassia) at3e201 tots Ae BeI te) 96 2-20 "ttt 46 (OD) + B » 2 201-2) FE -80-VIm a2ggne yy? ae ee me! ? ? e an 2 2 (mb) *e4mn?=2(%)* (me)? dont? 2( 5420) 3)" (m2) Pet )* = (2-20) z eee 7 + B 2 : 2 én? =a 2 sensumtocatou ee ne ttt tot + P ot torimi-t Btn) oat mn? (n?omt)412(2) (mst) * ————— eee 7 P $ 126" n's0o(n-n2) Hroviiog, CHD vtt1-20)*-0) ¥ Bam ocz-yyca-ay) GEL ~ By tow tn, 2» BE] + top CHE) acz-wez-on) GEL, - 3] soe (2186) eee (2.158) 9 ? 2 and, ee = rai (EY pe ag patetaemin 7 Ket te E © RT| r (7-o)ntone2(1-0) 2) (at) . : + ay sed dutitocsiae E ; =" acaeny act B0)%bmtt—t Brine) cad f B 7 DE (mot) 4m! a F @ ie 2 Hatt) a2 tv)en2(5400) @) et)* # 7LINE LOADING - axraL SYim@TRY (Guay) ln) mt eros tne? ee a¢t-oy) B 44(5-v)nte12 & nz = ) + 6 (nat) *6 Balt) S42 20a + 2 at 6 Be -6 Be + tants? ~ Saectget eit _ | (2.154) On the loading axis with 11.0 2¢2-vim , 6(2-v)m | 2(7-20im? aio [2 - ES + Bibe- waves, 35] vee (2-180) = Ky Z. |22-2(1-2v) (1-v)+(1-2v) Se" "ee" OST tog OD+ (2-20)* 109, ES ~st0g, A + (eo) Bip Haat 181 ay gn? on? +m” Ta | (2.358) where n= 1/0, m= 2/D Pee nt+ m® Ae tote (mI)71 Bae ine (mt2)?) Values of Xzq throughout the mass, and pe and X9g on the axis,are tabulated by Geddes (1966). 35