Nastran
6/5/2012 2
Hybrid Static Aeroelasticity Solution with CFD data
Use of pressures which come from an external source
(CFD analysis / Wind Tunnel Tests)
(Only available in Static Aeroelasticity Sol144 or Sol200 with ANALYSIS=SAERO option)
Nastran transforms pressure load to forces at AEGRIDs and maps them on the structure (SPLINE6/SPLINE7 Cards)
CFD
Aerodynamic Mesh extracted from NASTRAN
CFD code (AEGRID, AEQUAD..)
Rigid Aerodynamic Mesh with Target FE model with
mapped FORCEs mapped FORCEs
DMIJ Load
Fringe of Nodad forces Mapping Structural Model
CFD Results
Static Pressure Field on the Wing
6/5/2012 3
Hybrid Static Aeroelasticity Solution with CFD data
Yacovlev Yak112 UAV Model
Application Test Case - UAV TRIM Analysis Sol144
FE Model
Nastran
Structural Model
Optimization
by Sol 200
1. Aerodynamic Pressures by Fluent mesh-based CFD code - Only left Wings (Tail & Elevator by UVLM)
2. Aerodynamic Pressures by Xflow meshless CFD code - Only left Wings (Tail & Elevator by UVLM)
3. Aerodynamic Pressures by UVLM code (ZONA Technology) - Wings, Tail & Elevator (beta testing)
6/5/2012 4
Nastran FE Structural Model
MD Nastran Structural Model
Side View
6/5/2012 5
Validation - Modal tuning through Sol 200
(f f i ex )
4
The error function to be minimized is defined as: e = i
num
i =1
The chosen design variables are the elastic parameters of the orthotropic material
Density has been kept constant in order to obtain the actual mass of the UAV
6/5/2012 6
Structural Modal Tuning - Sol200
IFASD-2009-166 AEROELASTIC SYSTEM IDENTIFICATION OF A FLYING UAV IN OPERATIVE CONDITIONS
Modal tuning of the structural model via SOL 200 - Modal tracking
Correlated Structural Modes - Frequencies Modal Assurance Criterion (MAC)
Wall
Far Field
Ortho View
Cutting Plane
Three different flight conditions have been performed to create the Rigid Wing Aerodynamic data base
AOA = 0
AOA = 4 Wetted element pressures from CFD Python code Nastran DMIJ
AOA = 8 (Vector and Matrices operation Algorithm)
6/5/2012 8
Hybrid Static Aeroelasticity Solution with CFD data
CFD Model Structural Model & CFD Model
SPLINE 6
AEGRID/AEQUAD4 FE
6/5/2012 9
From CFD pressure to DMIJ
Input of CFD Aerodynamic Pressure on Rigid Aerodynamic Mesh - Validation case (0 Degrees AOA)
Fluent - Wetted elements wall Fluent - Coefficient pressure field Fluent - Force report
MIN =- 0.597
FZ = 14.167403 N
Nastran - Rigid Aerodynamic Mesh Nastran - Cp on AEGRID (DMIJ) Nastran - Aero monitor point
MAX = 0.596
FZ
61.355213 N
FZ
61.29341 N
FZ
106.68246 N
FZ
106.5416 N
Nastran support the ability to generate the rigid aerodynamic loads on one mesh while the aeroelastic
increment is generated from a second mesh. Separate Rigid and Flexible Aero Meshes needed.
6/5/2012 12
Rigid Aerodynamic TRIM with CFD pressure Data
Nastran Solution (Rigid Aerodynamic data base given by Fluent at [048])
TRIM Variables identified - AOA & Elevator Deflection
AOA
4.185
The Aircraft is in level flights at 25 m/s with an AOA of about 4.285and Elevator deflection of about 1.252
Aerodynamic Load - Aero Monitor Point on the Left Wing Rigid Aerodynamic database
FZ
63.04 N
Fluent Solution
)
Aerodynamic Load - CFD Solution ( 4.185
Hybrid Rigid-Flexible Mesh Approach (Rigid Aerodynamic given by CFD Flexible increment given by DLM)
AOA
4.44
Standard DLM Approach - (Rigid Aerodynamic given by DLM Flexible increment given by DLM)
AOA
5.86
Trim solution evaluated by using CFD data pressure leads to a value of the AOA lower
then that one given by DLM approach
Static Aerodynamic effect due to Airfoil geometry (Camber, thickness) taken into account tanks to
the Rigid Aerodynamic database
6/5/2012 14
Hybrid Static Aeroelasticity Solution with CFD data
2 CFD Analysis performed with XFlow
Ortho View
Cutting Plane
Three different flight conditions have been performed to create the Rigid Wing Aerodynamic data base
AOA = 0
AOA = 4 Vertex coefficient pressures from CFD Python code Nastran DMIJ
AOA = 8 (Vector and Matrices operation Algorithm)
6/5/2012 15
From CFD Coefficient pressure to DMIJ
Input of CFD Coefficient Pressure on Rigid Aerodynamic Mesh - Validation case (0 Degrees AOA)
FE Model XFlow - STL Geometry XFlow - Pressure Coefficient field
FZ 62.12 N
FZ
109.5 N
FZ 107.17 N
6/5/2012 18
Hybrid Aeroelastic TRIM with CFD Pressure Data
Sol144 TRIM Results Overview Comparison
Hybrid Rigid-Flexible Mesh Approach (Rigid Aerodynamic given by CFD Flexible increment given by DLM)
AOA
4.31
Standard DLM Approach - (Rigid Aerodynamic given by DLM Flexible increment given by DLM)
AOA
5.86
Trim solution evaluated by using CFD data pressure leads to a value of the AOA lower
then that one given by DLM approach
Static Aerodynamic effect due to Airfoil geometry (Camber, thickness) taken into account tanks to
the Rigid Aerodynamic database
6/5/2012 19
Hybrid Static Aeroelasticity Solution with CFD data
3 Aerodynamics performed with UVLM
Ortho View
FZ 21.3592 N
FZ 21.3583 N
FZ 60.4669 N
FZ 60.4681 N
6/5/2012 22
Hybrid Aeroelastic TRIM with UVLM Pressure Data
Sol144 TRIM Results Overview Comparison
Hybrid Rigid-Flexible Mesh Approach (Rigid Aerodynamic given by UVLM Flexible increment given by DLM)
AOA
4.28
Standard DLM Approach - (Rigid Aerodynamic given by DLM Flexible increment given by DLM)
AOA
5.86
Trim solution evaluated by using UVLM data pressure leads to a value of the AOA
lower then that one given by DLM approach
Static Aerodynamic effect due to Airfoil geometry (Camber, thickness) taken into account tanks to
the Rigid Aerodynamic database
6/5/2012 23
Concluding Remarks
It is now possible to use Aerodynamic Pressure data evaluated by a general CFD
or UVLM code in Static Aeroelasticity Analysis Sol 144
The SPLINE6/7 load mapping technology transfers correctly the aerodynamic load
to the structure
Monitor point is an important and essensial tool to check the Aero Load Mapping
A new procedure able to use external aerodynamic pressure in Static
Aeroelasticity has been verified for:
a commercial CFD mesh-based code - Fluent
a commercial CFD meshless code - Xflow MSC.Software
an UVLM code panel method - Zona Technology
A Mathematical algorithm to automatically convert pressures into DMIJ matrix
has been developed by using python programming language
Possible future applications:
Customize all the automatic procedure into SimXpert (python..)
Load mapping of the entire Aircraft
6/5/2012 24