TYPES OF ORIFICE PLATE

(1)Concentric Orifice ORIFICE PLATES

Plate
Orifice
(2)Eccentric orifice plate
(3)Segmental orificeplate
(4) Quadrant Edge plate

Quadrant
Concentric Eccentric Segmental Edge
 TYPES OF ORIFICE PLATE

Concentric :Its thickness is 3.175 mm to12.70mm

It consist of circular hole in the middle.
MOC:Nickal, Phosphorous,bronze.
Accentric :
Use :When the liq. Fluid consist dissolve gases in
higher quantity, the Accentric orifice plate is
used.
DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE METERS

In order to measure rate of flow by differential pressure

there must be a method of creating two differential-
pressure. this can be accomplished by placing a
restriction in the pipe line that forces the fluid through a
reduced area.
 ORIFICE METER
PRINCIPLE: Restriction
Restriction Element
element
When the liquid, flows in the
pipe line, because of
resistant of orifice plate, Liquid

differential, pressure is Pipe

Pipe
produced while is Mercury

proportional to flow rate.

U-Tube
Manometer
 ORIFICE METER
Advantages:
(1) It is easy to carry out without
closing the process.
(2) It is used for any pipe size
& flow rate
 Venturimeter

Throat

OUT
LET
Inlet

Low pressure tap

High pressure tap
Venturi - Meter

It operated on exactly the same principle as the

orifice.
A venturi gives a definite improvement in
power loses over an orifice and is often indicated
for measuring very large flow rates.
The initial higher cost of venturi over an
orifice.
VARIABLE AREA METER ( ROTA METER )
Outlet
Outlet

Tapered glass
metering tube
Float
Ring shaped area around
float changes as float rises
or falls

Inlet
 Rotameter

Float :
Usually made allu. , brass, bronze, nickel,
s.s. etc.
Scale :
Marked on glass tube or close to metering
tube.
Installation :
Set vertically in pipe by means of
flanges along with inlet & outlet piping
supported in brackets.
 ROTAMETER

CONSTRUCTION:
Rotameter tube is made of glass or
metal.
Glass metering tube is used for low
pressure & temp. services.
Glass tube is not useful for high
pressure fluid. so in this case, metal
tube is used.
 WORKING
when no fluid through meter, float rests at bottom.
as fluid starts to flow, float rises & allows to flow
through annular space between float edge & metering
tube.
when flow rate increases, float moves up & flow rate
decreases, it fall in tube.
at certain fluid flow rate , float stabilize at certain
position.
usually float has slots. so that it rotate & centre in the
tube. so this meter is called as rotameter.
 PITOT TUBE
Impact high pressure
Connection
Static flow pressure
connection
Packing Nut Stuffing Box

Tube
Pipe
Static Opening
Impact Opening
Flow

Pitot Tube
 PITOT TUBE

PRINCIPLE:
It works on the principle of differential flowmeter.
USE:
Its main use is measurement of fluid velocity.
 PITOT TUBE

OPERATING PRINCIPLE:
When solid body is the middle of pipe is steady &
flow streaming is lower direction, flow velocity is
decrease. Due to pressure of body this
decreasement is zero at the body. This point is
known as stagnation point.
Kinetic head is lossed & static head is gain so
difference measured between normal flowline &
stagnation point
 PITOT TUBE

Advantageous of pitot tube :

(a) It is easy to remove pitot tube from pipe

line.
(b) There are no pressure loss in the pitot tube.
(c) It is easy to install.
 PITOT TUBE

Disadvantageous of pitot tube :

(a) Accuracy is very less in the pitot tube

(b) It is not use for sticky material
(c) It is sensitive for upstream disturbance.