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Economia si managementul turismului

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Maria Oroian Marinela Gheres

Dimitrie Cantemir University of Tirgu-Mures, Ro Babe-Bolyai University
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 Maria Oroian Marinela Ghere

ECONOMIA I MANAGEMENTUL
TURISMULUI

Casa Crii de tiin

Cluj-Napoca, 2013
Coperta: Vasile Brguanu

Editur acreditat CNCSIS (24)

autorii, 2013

Descrierea CIP a Bibliotecii Naionale a Romniei

OROIAN, MARIA
Economia i managementul turismului / Maria Oroian, Marinela Ghere. -
Cluj Napoca : Casa Crii de tiin, 2013
Bibliogr.
ISBN 978-606-17-0310-4
I. Ghere, Marinela
65.012.4:338.48+796.5
CUPRINS

Prefa ......................................................................................................................9
Capitolul 1. Coordonate generale ale turismului................................................11
1.1. ASPECTE CONCEPTUALE ALE TURISMULUI .......................................................12
1.2. FORME ALE ACTIVITII TURISTICE .................................................................15
1.3. EVOLUIA TURISMULUI INTERNAIONAL I TENDINELE ACTUALE ................19
1.4. FACTORI DE INFLUEN AI FENOMENULUI TURISTIC .......................................24
Capitolul 2. Impactul economico-social al turismului........................................35
2.1. IMPACTUL MACROECONOMIC AL TURISMULUI .................................................36
2.2. EFECTUL MULTIPLICATOR AL TURISMULUI ......................................................45
2.3. TURISMUL I OCUPAREA FOREI DE MUNC .....................................................48
2.4. TURISMUL INTERNAIONAL I ECHILIBRAREA BALANEI DE PLI EXTERNE ...50
2.5. IMPACTUL SOCIO-CULTURAL AL TURISMULUI ..................................................54
Capitolul 3. Organizarea i conducerea turismului ..........................................62
3.1. ORGANIZAREA I COORDONAREA ACTIVITILOR TURISTICE ........................63
3.1.1. Structuri organizatorice ............................................................................63
3.1.2. Rolul statului n turism .............................................................................66
3.1.3. Forme de integrare....................................................................................67
3.1.4. Lanul de distribuie a produselor turistice ..............................................71
3.2. ORGANISME INTERNATIONALE DE TURISM .......................................................76
3.3. COOPERAREA INTERNAIONAL N DOMENIUL TURISMULUI ...........................77
3.4. ASPECTE ALE ORGANIZRII TURISMULUI N ROMNIA ....................................78
Capitolul 4. Formele de turism i circulaia turistic.........................................87
4.1. FORME DE TURISM ............................................................................................88
4.1.1. Caracterizarea unor forme moderne de turism .........................................93
4.2. MSURAREA CIRCULAIEI TURISTICE ..............................................................98
4.2.1. Metode de nregistrare a circulaiei turistice ............................................99
4.2.2. Indicatori de cuantificare a circulaei turistice .......................................102
Maria Oroian, Marinela Ghere

Capitolul 5. Piaa turistic ..................................................................................109

5.1. CONINUTUL I CARACTERISTICILE PIEEI TURISTICE ...................................110
5.2. CEREREA I CONSUMUL TURISTIC ..................................................................114
5.3. OFERTA I PRODUCIA TURISTIC ..................................................................119
5.4. PREURILE PRODUSELOR TURISTICE ..............................................................121
Capitolul 6. Potentialul turistic ..........................................................................130
6.1. CONINUTUL I STRUCTURA POTENIALULUI TURISTIC .................................131
6.1.1. Clasificarea atraciilor turistice (potenialului).......................................132
6.1.2. Structura potenialului turistic ................................................................134
6.2. PRINCIPALELE ATRACII TURISTICE ALE ROMNIEI.......................................136
6.2.1. Potenialul turistic natural ......................................................................136
6.2.3. Potenialul turistic antropic ....................................................................138
6.3. VALORIFICAREA POTENIALULUI TURISTIC ...................................................139
Capitolul 7. Baza tehnico-materiala a turismului.............................................146
7.1. CONINUTUL I ROLUL BAZEI TEHNICO-MATERIALE .....................................147
7.2. STRUCTURA I EVOLUIA BAZEI TEHNICO-MATERIALE N ROMNIA ............149
7.3. DISTRIBUIA TERITORIAL A BAZEI TEHNICO-MATERIALE A TURISMULUI ....155
7.4. INVESTIIILE N TURISM..................................................................................156
Capitolul 8. Resursele umane n turism ............................................................163
8.1. PARTICULARITILE MUNCII N TURISM.........................................................164
8.2. EVOLUIA I STRUCTURA PERSONALULUI OCUPAT N TURISM.......................166
8.3. PRODUCTIVITATEA MUNCII LUCRTORILOR DIN TURISM ...............................169
8.4. COINTERESAREA PERSONALULUI ...................................................................171
Capitolul 9. Serviciile turistice ...........................................................................177
9.1. CONINUTUL I CARACTERISTICILE SERVICIILOR TURISTICE .........................179
9.2. TIPOLOGIA SERVICIILOR TURISTICE ................................................................182
9.2.1. Modaliti de clasificare a serviciilor turistice .......................................182
9.2.2. Servicii turistice de baz i suplimentare ...............................................184
Capitolul 10. Transporturile turistice................................................................191
10.1. TRANSPORTURILE I DEZVOLTAREA TURISMULUI ........................................192
10.2. FORME DE TRANSPORT UTILIZATE N TURISM ..............................................194
10.2.1. Locul formelor de transport de transport n structura traficului
turistic...................................................................................................194
10.2.2. Transporturile turistice aeriene.............................................................196

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 Economia i managementul turismului

10.2.3. Transporturi turistice rutiere.................................................................201

10.2.4. Transporturile turistice feroviare..........................................................204
10.2.5. Transporturi turistice navale.................................................................206
Capitolul 11. Industria ospitalitii i managementul ei ..................................214
11.1. INDUSTRIA HOTELIER I MANAGEMENTUL EI .............................................216
11.1.1. Importana i particularitile industriei hoteliere ................................216
11.1.2. Structura serviciului de cazare hotelier...............................................217
11.1.3. Tipuri de uniti de cazare ....................................................................219
11.1.4. Sistemul de franchising n industria hotelier ......................................225
11.1.5. Clasificarea hotelurilor .........................................................................226
11.1.6. Procesul managerial n domeniul hotelier ............................................228
11.2. ALIMENTAIA PUBLIC I MANAGEMENTUL EI ............................................235
11.2.1. Alimentaia public - coninut, rol, particulariti ................................235
11.2.2. Dinamica serviciilor de alimentaie public .........................................238
11.2.3. Tipuri de uniti de alimentaie public................................................239
11.2.4. Managementul activitilor desfurate n cadrul restaurantelor..........245
11.2.5. Managementul sectorului de servire.....................................................247
11.2.6. Managementul sectorului de producie ...............................................250
11.2.7. Managementul realizrii unei activiti de alimentaie profitabile .......252
11.3. AGREMENTUL TURISTIC ................................................................................255
11.3.1. Tipologia serviciilor de agrement.........................................................256
11.3.2. Managementul activitilor de animaie hotelier ................................257
Bibliografie...........................................................................................................273

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