NAME: NOOR AFIFAH BINTI ABU BAKAR
STUDENT ID: 2013251146
TITLE: EFFECT OF SONICATION ON THE EXTRACTION OF ESSENTIAL OIL OF AGARWOOD BARK
Background of agarwood
Taxonomy and
botanical profile
Agarwood use and
trade
Pharmacological
activities
Effects of pre-treatment with
ultrasound on the extraction of
agarwood oil
Essential oil yield increases
Give higher percentage of
hexadecanoic acid (fatty acid) in
the extracted oil
Oil becomes solid at ambient
temperature with yellow in colour
Give higher composition of
chemicals such as -guaiene, -
guaiene and lower composition of
guaia-3,9-diene and Selina-
3,7(11)-diene as compared to oil
extraction without ultrasound pre-
treatment
Sonication definition
The act of applying Conventional method for
sound energy to agitate agarwood oil extraction
mixture in a sample
(e.g.: ultrasound) Hydro distillation
Steam distillation
Disadvantages:
Long extraction time
(15 20 days)
Effect of sonication High energy
on the extraction of consumption
Low product yield
essential oil of
agarwood bark
Alternative method for agarwood
oil extraction
Ultrasonic extraction
Pre-treatment with ultrasound Advantages:
200 grams of ground agarwood is Ability to penetrate the
soaked with 1800 millilitres of cellular wall
water Reduce the particle size
The soaking sample is placed in Increase the mass transfer
ultrasonic cleaning bath between cell walls and
Ultrasound power is 44 - 46 kHz solvent
Treatment time is 35 hours before
undergoing hydro distillation