Topic and Local anesthetics

Institute of Biomedical Sciences

Dentist Surgeon Program

Dra. Lucero Ivonne Gaspar De Los Santos

Dr. Alfredo Nevrez Rascn
 Local anesthesia
Anesthesia to been definite like: The loss of the sensantions
in an circumscribed area of the body without presenting loss
of the conscience

Figura1 http://www.google.com.mx/
imgres?q=anestesicos+locales+en+odont
ologia
 Anesthetics works on membranes and can depress the
cardiac activity.
Hemodynamic effects may result in low blood pressure, in
high doses can cause I paralyze cardiovascular.

Nausea In the second

Vomit phase
Sickness (depressive), it but
Over doses may Fotosensibility important is the
characterized by: Conffusion respiratory
Difficulty for language depression, that
Tremblings carries to
Agitation respiratory
Convulsions unemployment.
http://www.google.com.mx/imgres?q=an
estesicos+locales+en+odontologia Naturals Cocaine

ORIGIN

Procaine
Synthetics
Lidocaine
 Topics Benzocaine

ADMINISTRATION Intravenous Mepivacaine

Prilocaine

Mixed (Topic,
Intravenous),
Lidocaine
 (1 hour)
Short Procaine

(2 hours)
TIMES OF ACTION Intermediate Lidocaine
Mepivacaine

(+ 3 hours)
prolonged Bupivacaine
Tetracaine
 Benzoic acid:
Cocaine

Esteres

PABA: Procaine,
Tetracaine

Lidocaine
CHEMICAL Amides Mepivacaine
STRUCTURE Bupivacaine
 Anesthetics of common use in
dentistry
Cocaine: It is the unique analgesic local one used in dentistry
and that not this synthesized. It was the first analgesic local
one utilized, thanks to the investigation of the Dr. Carl Koller in
1884.
Procaine: Einhorn I synthesize it for the first time in 1904. It is
absorbed quickly in the place of injection, can cause allergies
and to sensitize the patient.

http://www.google.com.mx/imgre
http://www.google.com.mx/imgres? s?q=procaina+como+anestesico+l
q=cocaina+como+anestesico+local ocal
 Tetracaine: The main use is to produce analgesia superficial.
It is but toxica that the Procaine, but relatively but sure, since
its action is of greater power and can be employed in smaller
concentration.
Lidocaine: It synthesized for the first time in 1943, is the but
used of the local anesthetics. Is extremely efficient. It is
stable, tolerates the boiling. The analgesic action is
established quickly, is two times but efficient that the Procaine
and is of greater duration (3 hours).

http://www.google.com.mx/imgres?q=lidoca http://www.google.com.mx/imgres?q=anes
ina+como+anestesico+local tesicos+locales
 Mepivacaine: Very it seemed to the Lidocaine. Has a period
of short action that is profitable in some dental procedures.
Bupivacaine: The time in which begins its effect is smaller that
the Lidocaine and Mepivacaine, but its duration is almost the
double one of the Lidocaine. It can be considered like the
anesthetic but insurance in dentistry and has been used in
cardiovascular patients without no objection. Is 4 times but
powerful that the Lidocaine.

http://www.google.com.mx/
imgres?q=bupivacana+com http://www.google.com.mx/imgres?q=an
o+anestesico+local estesicos+locales+en+odontologia
 ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES

* It lacks of acceptance of
the technique by the
patient
* Easy administration
* Difficulty to block certain
* The team that is utilized is
part of the body
minimum
* Abrasions, injured or
*Ideal in superficial and
any wound in the place of
brief operations
puncture that can
contaminate the
procedure
 Topic anesthesia

http://www.google.com.mx/im
gres?q=anestesia+topica

Definition: analgesia superficial produced by the application of

a topic anesthetic in the shape of solution, gel or ointment on
the skin, a mucous membrane or gores it.
 The anesthesia of the oral mucous membrane is produces by
application of watery solutions or gels of you leave local
anesthetics.
These anesthetics produce anesthesia of the zone where they
apply, but with a brief duration.
The local anesthetics are absorbed very fast, therefore, they
are administered with care, since always the risk of reactions
exists systemic toxics.
The topic anesthetics are of excellent utility to prevent pain
upon inserting the needle in the weavings.
 MECHANISM OF ACCION: when we place the anesthesia in
the mucous membrane this is absorbed and then exercises its
anesthetic action.
Due to that in their composition do not they contain the
absorbent portion do not they penetrate deeply in the
weavings.

Benzocaine: it is the anesthetic but utilized in dentistry

* Its period of latencia: 30 seg.
* Duration of effects: 10 to 15min
 Topics in gel, liquid and spray

Topicaine Gel
Topic anesthesia in gel with 20% of benzocaine

It utilized to eliminate temporarily the pain

during procedures just as regional, local
anesthesia, takes of impressions and x-rays

Comfortable for patients with you ulcerate and

other smaller oral irritations.
flavor strawberry
Quickly action and without retrogusto bitter
 Topicaine liquidate

Topic Anesthesia liquidates with 20% of

benzocaine
It utilized to eliminate temporarily the pain
during procedures just as regional, local
anesthesia, takes of impressions and x-rays

Comfortable for patients with you ulcerate and

other smaller oral irritations.
flavor mentions
Quickly action and without retrogusto bitter
 Topicaine spray

Topic anesthetic with 15% of lidocaine in spray

Is insurance
Virtually without absorption system
Quickly: start in 20 seconds

Anesthesia in the oral cavity, especially in local

or regional blockade, drainage of abscesses sub
mucous, extractions of teeth deciduos or
permanent, mobile and of tartraje.
 ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES

* It is absorbed too slow

* Is of easy administration
* The team that is utilized is
minimum
* Low cost
* Itself should not apply
patients with hypersensitivity
to this
*It is not convenient to use it
in children less than 2 years
 Bibliography
https://docs.google.com
http://www.slideshare.net/daniselgil/anestesicos-locales-presentation
http://bibliotecadigital.ilce.edu.mx/sites/ciencia/volumen3/ciencia3/130/html
/sec_16.html
http://www.pharmadent.com.uy/web-esp-anestesicos-topicos.htm

Libro: Anestesia local, Stanley F. Malameb