Chng 4 : Gii Thieu Ve Phan Mem ETAP

Chng 4 :
GII THIEU VE PHAN MEM ETAP

4.1. TONG QUAT:

Phan mem Etap 4.0,phan Demo cho phep ta s dung c tat ca ac chc
nang cua phan mem nguyen ban,nhng kha nang khao sat co han che.cac
chc nang cua phan mem Etap bao gom:
Khao sat va phan tch mot he thong ien n tuyen vi nhieu nguon cung
cap.
Xay dng s o n tuyen cua HT can phan tch
Phan tch phan bo cong suat HT : phan bo cong suat ton that tren ng
day,sut ap tren ng day,qua tai tren ng day,he so cong suat tren tai,
Phan tch ngan mach HT : che o ngan mach oi xng,khong oi
xng,ngan mach mot pha cham at,hai pha cham at va ngan mach gia hai
day pha,tnh toan dong ngan mach,
ay ta ch khao sat phan tnh toan phan bo cong suat
e hieu ro phan mem Etap ta khao sat phan Etap Powerstation Index
Load flowAnalist
Chng trnh phan tch dong cong suat tai, tnh ra ien ap thanh cai, cac
cong suat nhanh, dong ien va dong cong suat i qua He Thong ien.
Chng trnh cho phep nguon nang lng dao ong ieu chnh ien the bang
nhieu dch vu va nhng lien ket vi may phat ien khac.No tac ong en hai
he thong: tan nhiet va mach dong.
Ngoai ra con nhieu phng phap giup cho ban tnh toan at hieu suat tot
nhat
Chng nay se a ra nhng nh ngha va giai thch cach s dung cong
cu khac nhau ma ban can thiet khi nghien cu ve mach tai, nen tan ly thuyet
e tnh toan cac loai mach dong khac nhau cung c noi en.
Thanh cong cu mach tai giai thch lam sao co the tnh c mach tai m va
xem bao cao cua au ra, hay la chon nhng kha nang khac.
Thanh cong cu The Load Flow Study Case Editor

giai thch bang cach nao e tao ra mot Study Case mi, thong so nao can thiet
va cach tao lap ra sao.

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The Display Option

Giai thch bang cach nao e hien th thong so he thong khoa, xet ket qua
au ra tren s o mot si va cach xep at chung.
Phng phap tnh dong tai cho thay nhng cach khac nhau cua phng
phap tnh dong tai, so sanh t le giong nhau, khac nhau da vao cac thong so
cau hnh cua he thong va mot vai ky thuat e chon la phng phap tnh toan
thch hp cung c noi en.
D lieu can thiet e tnh (Requiter Data For Calculetion):mo ta nhng
d lieu nao can thiet e tnh ra c dong va a no vao cho nao. Sau cung
Load Flow Study Ontput Report giai thch ve bao cao ket qua va hnh
thc cua no.
Load flow toolbar
Thanh load llow se xuat hien tren mang hnh khi ban m che o load flow
study.

Run load flow studyes

Chon mot so study t tren thanh study case editor
Click vao bieu tng run load flow study

e thc hien mot Load Flow Study mot hop thoai se xuat hien e ch
ro cai ten cua bao cao au ra. Neu ten file au ra c at che o frompt th
ket qua bao cao se xuat hien tren s o mot si va trong bao cao au ra.
Updataload caple load curent
(Cap nhat dong tai tren ng day)

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Chng 4 : Gii Thieu Ve Phan Mem ETAP

Chon bieu tng Up Data Cable Load Curent se chuyen d lieu

dong ien tai tren ng day trc ay th d lieu se operrating load curent
nam trong Cable Editor cho moi si cap noi vi Load Flow Study
Load flow display option
Ket qua t Load Flow Sduties c hien th t s o mot si. Muon biet
ket qua ra sau ta click vao bieu tng Load Flow Display Option va xem chi
tiet help Load Flow Display Option.
V du

Results page (Trang ket qua)

Bao gom trang ket quava trang danh cho chu giai AC,AC-DC,DC.lu y
rang mau chu giai cho moi chon la co the chon tuy y.
Color:
Chon mau cho chu giai ket qua c the hien tren s o mot si.
Voltage:
Chon tuy y kv hay % ien ap tren s o mot si.lu y rang cac % ien
the the hien ch danh thanh cai la ien ap c ban (nh mc)
Bus:
Chon ien ap tren thanh cai trong s o mot si. ien ap nay the hien
15 cap khac nhau.

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Load term(%U)
Line/cable
Chon phan nay the hien Uu cua day va cap tren s o mot si.
Load FDR:
Chon mot n v dong cong suat hoac cho dong ien tren danh muc e
the hien tren s o mot si.
Power flows:(Dong cong suat.)
ay ban ch nh cac dong se c the hien nh the nao:dong cong
suat, dong cong suat phc, dong ientuy y.
Unit:
Chon n v KVA hoac MVA e the hien dong cong suat tren toan s o.
KVA
Ampe
%pf
Khi nut Ampe hay nut KVA c chon ban co the kiem tra hop nay e
the hien yeu to cong suat cua dong cong suat cung vi dong ien.
Select the kW + jkvar radio button to display power flow in kW+jkvar or
MW+jMvar.
Show unit( the hien n v).
Chon nut nay e the hien dong cong suat va dong ien tren toan s o.
Elements
(Cac Yeu To)
Branch
(Mach ien)
Chon the hien dong cong suat qua tat ca cac mach cua s o mot si:
Power Startion se the hien dong cong suat tai phan cuoi cung cua nhanh.co
ngha la cai cuoi cung co c tr so kw i vao trong mach.
Gen/motor/load:
Chon no e the hien dong cong suat cua may phat, moto, tat ca cac tai,
tu ien, tren s o mot si.
Comporsit network
( Toan Bo Mang)
Chon no e chon dong cong suat cua toan bo mang.
Bracs losses:( Ton That Mach)
The hien ton that mach tren s o mot si (c trnh bay trong ngoac).
Meters:
Amperet:
The hien dong s cap cua mach ma ong ho ampe noi vao.
Voltameter:

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Chon vao nut nay th se hien th ien ap s cap cua Thanh Cai ma Volt
ke noi vao.
Multimeter:
Chon nut nay th no the hien s o ac cua nhieu ong ho: bao gom
(cong suat) ien ap Thanh Cai, dong ien trong mach dung nang lng mach
yeu to cong suat vao tan so.
Load Flow Report Manager

Bao cao au ra dong tai c the hien di hai dang file van ban ASCII
va Crystal Report : Quan ly bao cao gom co 04
trang(comlete,input,result,summary)
Branch : d lieu au vao cua mach ien
Bus : d lieu au vao cua thanh cai
Cable : d lieu au vao cua cable
Complete bao cao ket qua hoan chnh gom tat ca d lieu au vao va au
ra
Cover Title page of the output report
EqCable
LFreport Load Flow calculation results

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Chng 4 : Gii Thieu Ve Phan Mem ETAP

Losses Branch loss results

Summary Summary of load flow calculation
XFMR&X Transformer and reactor input data
Loading Branch loading results
UndrOver Bus undervoltage/overvoltage report
Load Flow Ouput Report:
Ket qua tnh toan dung mach c bao cao tren ca s o 1 si va dang
Crystal Report. S o 1 si the hien cac phep tnh ien ap thanh Cai, dong
mach nhom va sut ap, tieu hao nang lng. Ban co the s dung Desplay
Option Editor e ch nh noi dung the hien. Cung co the anh dau nhng ieu
kien thao tac bat thng nh la cap qua tai, Thanh Cai d hay thieu ien bang
cac mau sac khac nhau.
The Crystal Report
Se cung cap thong tin chi tiet. Ve phan tch dong tai, ban cung co the s
dung phan Load Flow Report Manager e giup cho ban thay c bao cao
toan dien.

day la phan ieu khien cua Report Manager khi ban click vao nut view
output report th Etap t ong m bao cao au ra tren thanh study case toolbar
theo anh tren th hnh thc bao cao au ra co ten la LF winter va hnh thc
chon la test report
Report Manager
Muon m Report Manager ch can click vao nut View Report Manager tren
thanh Load flow toolbar no se xuat hien 04 trang comlete, input,result,sumary
Mo ta cac khia canh khac nhau cua bao cao au ra Report Manager cho
phepra chon hnh thc thch hp cho nhng kieu bao cao khac nhau va thay
c no qua Crystal Report,co nhieu lnh vc va nut nhan chung cho moi
trang c mo ta sao.
Output Report Name
Lnh vuc nay the hien ra ten cua bao cao ma ban muon xem.
Project File Name
Lnh vuc nay mo ta ten cua file d an da vao o ma bao cao c thiet
lap,cung voi cac danh muc cua file d an.
Heple:
Click vao nut nay e xin tr giup
Ok/cancel:

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Click vao Ok e lam bien mat cai hien hu va xuat hien Crystal Report e
chon bao cao au ra, click vao cancel e giai tan th muc ma khong can phai
xem lai bao cao.
Input Data: d lieu au vao:
Trang nay cho phep chon la cac hnh thc e xem d lieu au vao gom

lai thanh cac nhom sau:

Branch, Bus,Cable,Cover,Eqcable , XFMR & X.

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Trang nay cho phep chon la hnh thc e xem phan ket quadong tai cua bao
cao au ra

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A. Summary: Tong Ket

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Trang nay cho phep chon la nhng phan tong ket dong tai khac nhau e
tham khao.nen nh tong ket nay ch co c khi ban chon muc ac biet,chan
han chon Critical and Marginal

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4.2. GII THIEU CACH S DUNG PHAN MEM ETAP V DU MAU

4.2.1. V du mau
Cho mach ien vi s o sau:

15kv AC-95 (z = 0.3099 + j0.4)

2km 5km 3km 8km

105+j107 112+j114 224+j229 70+j71.4

4.2.2. Dung cong thc tnh toan
(511+j521.4) (406+j414.4) (294+j300.4) (70+j71.4 )
1 2 3 4
15kv A
0.6198+j0.8 1.595+j2 0.9297+j1.2 2.4792+j3.2

U = U+ U

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PX QR
U = << U
U
PR + QX
U= (1.4)
U
0.6198 * 511 + 0.8 * 521.4
U 1 = = 48.92V
15
1.5495 * 406 + 2 * 414.4
U 2 = = 97.193V
15
0.9297 * 294 + 1.2 * 300.4
U 3 = = 42.25V
15
2.4792 * 70 + 3.2 * 71.4
U 4 = = 26.8V
15
U = U 1 + U 2 + U 3 + U 4

= 48.92 + 97.193 + 42.25 + 26.8

= 215.162V
4.2.3. Tnh lai v du tren bang phan mem Etap.
Cach Ve S o Tren Etap
Giao dien phan mem

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Cach ve(click vao cac bieu tng tren thanh cong cu)

Thanh cai
May bien ap 2 cuon day
ng day

Bo nguon

Tu bu
Tai

Sau o lap at cac bieu tng theo s o thc te :

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S o etap theo v du mau:

Cach nhap d lieu vao s o phan mem Etap :

Nhan up vao bo nguon ta thay man hnh hien len nh sau.sau o ta
cai at gia tr ien ap.

Phan tram ien ap.

ien ap danh nh.

Goc pha ien ap.

To au day
thay oi tuy theo
tnh chat cua he thong.

Cong suat ngan

Mach he thong

T so tong tr ngan mach

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Nhan up vao bus1 ta thay mang hnh hien len nh sau.

Thanh cai th nhat

ien ap danh nh

Nhan up vao line1 ta thay mang hnh hien len nh sau.sau o ta vao
info cai at chieu dai cua ng day

Chieu dai ng day

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Impedance cai at gia tr ien tr va ien khang cua day dan nh hnh
ve.

ien tr n v.
Tr khang n
V.

Tong tr th t 0.
Nhiet o chuan.
/km.

e cai at he so mang tai cua phu tai theo tng thi iem ( % cao
iem, thap iem, bnh thng) ta thc hien cac bc sau :

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Nhan up vao tai ta thay man hnh hien len nh sau :

Thay oi tuy
theo tai 1 pha
hoac 3 pha

Sau o vao Loading cai :

ien ap nh mc,cong suat tai (co the thay oi n v sau cho phu hp :KVA
hoac MVA),he so cos (%PF),to au day(co the thay oi sao cho phu hp vi he
thong li),at he so mang tai vao bang Loading Category.

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ien ap nh mc
Cong suat nh mc
He so cong suat

Sau khi cai at tat ca cac thong so tren s o n tuyen ta thc hien
viec tnh toan ton that nh cac bc sau :
Bc 1 : nhan vao man hnh se xuat hien.

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Bc 2 : nhan vao chng trnh se tnh toan ton that.

Bc 3 : nhan vao e thay oi ien ap % hoac kv.

Bc 4 : nhan vao xuat

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hien ca so sau,sau o ta chon complete roi chon ok e xuat ra ket qua.

e kiem tra ket qua cac thi iem ta thc hien cac bc sau:
Click vao v tr con tro di ay (man hnh xuat hien)

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Sau khi thay oi cac thi iem tuy y click chng trnh se ghi

nhan s thay oi o tiep en click chng trnh se tnh ton that cua thi
iem mong muon(cao iem hoac thap iem).
Ton that ien ap sau khi phan mem tnh toan la:

Ub = 15000-14787 = 213V.

15 14.787
Ub% = * 100% = 1.42%
15
4.2.4 Ket Qua So Sanh gia Tnh Tay Va ETAP :

Ket qua Tnh bang tay Tnh bang ETAP

U 215.162 213
U% 1.43 1.42

KET LUAN :
T v du tren ta thay gia hai phng phap co s sai lech ve ket qua
khong ln (do sai so tnh toan).qua o cho ta thay phan mem Etap cho ket
qua tng oi hp ly nen ta co the s dung tnh toan vi mach ien co chieu
dai ln v viec tnh bang tay rat phc tap.

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