6-27 A coal-buming power plant produces 300 MW of power: The amount of coal consumed during a one-day period and the rate of ar lowing through the fumace are ta be determined. Assumptions 1 The power plant operates steadily. 2 The kinetic aud potential eueray changes ate 2e0, Properties The heating value ofthe coal is given to be 28.000 kI/ka. Analysis (2) The rate and te smouat of heat inputs to the power plant are Gq = iat = Tes Oa = Gade The amount and sae of coal consumed diving this psiod are 1107 MI ig = 2a = 12107 MI fet Gay ISMTKS Igy _ 2.893108 ki Ar 2836005, (®) Noting thatthe air-fuel ratio i 12, the rate of aie flowing through the fumace is 12 ky ante fuel)(33.48kp's) = 401.8kgis. .893..10° kg ea 3.48 kes 6-41 A reftigerator is used to keep a food department at a specified temperanure. The heat gain tothe food department aad ‘the heat rejection in the condenser are given. The power input and the COP are fo be determined Assumptions The refrigerator operates steadily. “ints Te powering denied Gm we Gy | 4800 W, 0, | 300K fq 1S00KTR 6-44 The COP and the power consuunption ofa refrigerator are given, The time it will take to cool $ watermclous is to be determined. Assumptions 1 The sefsigerator operates steadily, 2 The heat gain of the refigerator through its walls. door, ete. is negligible, 3 The watermelons are the only items inthe refrigerator to be cooled, Properties The specific heat of watermelons is given to be ¢= 4.2 kIKR°C. Analysis The total amount of heat that needs to be removed from the watermelons is 21 = (eT enacts = 5 (10 kgXA2 KUkg "CA20~8)'C = 2820 kr The rate at which this reftigerator removes heat is (2.5)0.45 kW) =1.125 kW 4s0w cop=25 Thats, this effigeor cn remove 1.125 Taf heat per second Tins the ine {eauied to emove 2520 I of heats Gain> Sel ase Oy _ 28 , Or ‘This auswer is optimistic since the reiterated space will gain some eat duting this provess fiom the suroundlng air. ‘whieh will increase the work Toad. Thus, in reality, itwill tke longer to cool the watermelons.6-51 Au office tha is being cooled adequately by a 12,000 Brw/h window air-conditioner is converted to a computer room, ‘The number of additional air-conditioners that need to be installed is to be detemined. Assumptions 1 The computers are operated by 7 adult men, 2 The computers constme 40 percent of their rated power at any given time. ‘Properties The average rate of heat generation from a person seated in a room/office is 100 W (given). Analysis The amount of heat dissipated by the computers is equal tothe ‘amount of elechical eneray they consume. Therefore, Com > NS Ocsges = Rated power) « (Usaae factor Oreo =(N0.0F people) Qpesen =7% (100 W) = 700 W vat = Qos + 4060 W=13.853Bmh Qo} since | W=2.412 Btw. Then noting that each avilable air conditioner provides 7000 Bru 7000 Brwh cooling. the uumber of air-conditioners needed becomes Computer Coolinglond ___ 13853 Brwh roo ‘No.of air conditioners = Cooling capacityof AIC 7000 Btu =198»2 Air conditioners 6-58 A commercial reftigerator with R-134a as the working fluid is considered. The evaporator inlet and exit states are specified, The mass flow rate of the refrigerant and the ate of heat rejected are to be determined, Assumptions 1 The refrigerator operates steadily. 2 The kinetic and ‘potential energy changes are zero. Properties The properties of R-1349 at the evaporator inlet and exit tates are (Tables A-11 through 4-13) 00) conte y=02 ft ArH rie noe _Anatysis (0) The refrigeration load is 0, = (COP), = 0.2)(0.600 WW) = 0.72 EW ‘The mass flow rate ofthe reiigeraat is determined from, 72+0,60=4.32 KW{6-78 The claim of an inventor about the operation of a heat engine isto be evaluated, Assumptions “The heat engine operates steadily. Analysis If this engine were completely reversible, the thermal efficieney would be Tr _, 300K town =1-TE at 2PE 20555 7 ‘ee isn apie w te ante es yg 1, =(00{ 28) ye on0.sn =nonOKTR sew sso00knn Th co hn fc oft roped nt nie then aR a, ne, SHW__( 30008) yg Ma oy BOOK TR Since the thermal efficiency of the proposed heat engine is greater than that of a completely reversible heat engine which ‘uses the same isothermal eneray reservoirs, the inventor's claim is invalid. 6-82 geothermal power plant uses geothermal liquid water at LS0°C at a specified rate asthe heat source. The actual and ‘maximum possible thermal efficiencies and the rate of heat rejected from this power plant are tobe determined. Assumptions 1 The powerplant operates steadily. 2 The kinetic and potential eneray changes axe 2er0, 3 Steam properties are used for geothermal water. Properties Using saturated liquid properties, Table A~!) soe Ms = e2iskvke Logue 90°C lime =377.04 ke The actual thermal efficiency is ig ~ Lists. 8000" _ 9.4493 44.0% Ca SS580KW (©) The maxima thermal efficiency isthe thermal efficiency of «reversible heat engine operat sink temperatures between the source and 254273) K Gs0F 27K 2955 = 29.6% (© Finally, the rate of heat rejection is Oru = Gas Wann =53:580-8000 = 45,580 KW6.95 A heat pump maintains a house at a specified temperature The rate of heat loss of the house and the power ‘consumption ofthe eat pump are given, I isto be determined if this heat pump can da the job. Assumptions Tho leat pump operates steal. Analysis The power input toa heat pomp willbe a mininmm when the heat pump operates in a reversible marmer, The ‘ocfficient of performance of a reversible heat pp depends on the temperate liits in the cycle only and is determined from COP gy 2.07 KW. 6-98 The power input and the cooling load of an air conditioner are given. The rate of heat rejected inte condenser. the COP, and the rate of cooling fora reversible operation are to be determined. Assumptions The air conditioner operates steadily. Analysis (a) The rate of heat rejected is LOSS) yy 2600808) TBR TkW =34,230 kh (b) The COP is 1KW (48,000 Brwi| —*Y Sara = 1.552 Saw (©) The rate of cooling ifthe ait conditioner operated as a Camot refiigerator forthe same power input is COP... = Ty-T, GS-26(6-101 A heat pump maintains « house at a specified temperature, The rate of heat loss of the house is given, The mninsmn ‘power inputs sequited for different source temperatures ae tobe determined Assumptions The heat pump operates steadily. Analysis (a) The power inp to» heat puunp will be a minimum when the heat pump operates ina reversible manner, IE the outdoor air at ~#°C is used as the heat souree, the COP ofthe heat pump and the required power input are determined to be 1 1 COP esac = COP uray "et = ing TG ig) MeV) 55000 al owe) ETH 5.000 26 Oy $8000 18) gay 26 TOPwan 997 (36008 1 (0) Ifthe wellwater at 10°C is used a the heat susee, the COP ofthe ‘eat pnp and he remuied powcr spat ae detennined 0 be @) 1 1 COP pase ~ COP uP, = -— eis "Paras TU Tg) 1W0s KV RST arr itz and 5.000 ) ee Chan 187 eo