Assignment #6
V1=1 m/s
D1 = 3 m
V2=7 m/s
D2 = 0.429 m
water
1 2
Solution:
The forces acting on the control volume include:
Force of gravity, W
Friction force, F f
Components of R x and Ry
of reaction force from gate
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M.Bahrami ENSC 283 Assignment
#6
Hydrostatic pressure distribution on vertical surface
Pressure distribution along the bottom surface (not shown)
CV
V1=1 m/s
D1 = 3 m
V2=7 m/s
D2 = 0.429 m
water
1 2
Ry
p1 ( y) Rx
W
Ff p2 ( y)
Assumptions:
Ff
Friction force is negligible.
No body force in x direction.
Steady flow.
Incompressible flow.
Uniform flow at each section.
Hydrostatic pressure distribution at sections 1 and 2.
Then,
F R 1 + F R 2 + Rx =(V 21 w D1 ) + ( V 22 w D2)
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M.Bahrami ENSC 283 Assignment
#6
we can integrate the gage pressure distribution on each side to
compute the hydrostatic forces F R 1 and F R 2 ,
D1 D1
D21
F R 1= p1 ( y ) dA=w gydy=gw
0 0
2
2 D2 2
D2
F R 2= p2 ( y ) dA=w gydy=gw
0 0
2
Hence,
gw 2
R x =w ( V 22 D 2 V 21 D 1 ) ( D1D 22)
2
Part (a):
D 2=0 V 2=0
When gate is closed, and . From mass conservation
V 1=0
R x g D 21
=
w 2
2
Rx m (3 [ m ])
w
kg
m [ ] [ ]
=999 3 9.81 2
s 2
=44.1 kN
Part (b):
V 1=1[m/s ] , and V 2=7 [m/ s] , hence,
[ ] [( [ ]) ]
2 2
Rx
w
kg
=999 3 7
m
m
s
( 0.429 [ m ] ) 1 ( [ ])
m
s
1
2 [ ] [ ]
kg
m
m
( 3 [ m ] ) 999 3 9.81 2 [ ( 3 [ m ] ) ( 0.429 [ m ] ) ]=25
s
2 2
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M.Bahrami ENSC 283 Assignment
#6
Note: As can be seen, the force on the open gate is significantly
less than the force on the closed gate as the water accelerates
out under the gate.
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M.Bahrami ENSC 283 Assignment
#6