Chapter 1
Introduction
Statement of
the Problem
Conceptual/
Theoretical
Framework
Hypothesis
Scope and
Delimitation
Significance of
the Study
Definition of
Terms
Chapter 2
Review of
Related
Literature and
Studies
Essence of Validating of Instructional Materials Used in Physical Education Subject of
By Jennylyn A. Poo
January, 2017
CHAPTER I
The Problem and Its Background
Introduction
gives instructions in the development and care of the body rending from simple
human movement where many of educational objectives are achieved by means of big
In order to achieve its objective, every teacher needs supplies and resources to
have a successful classroom. Using instructional materials can really help to introduce
Instructional materials are materials which assist teachers to make their lessons
explicit to learners. They are also used to transmit information, ideas and notes to
learners (Ljaduola, 1997). These are the tools used in educational lessons, which
includes active learning and assessment. It includes both visuals and audiovisuals such
as pictures, flashcards, posters, charts, tape recorder, radio, video, television and
computers. Basically, any resource a teacher uses to help him teach his students is an
instructional material.
According to Hitchens (1963), instructional materials help to improve the
intellectual power of the teacher. As the teachers studies the instructional materials it
will help to build their intellectual power and help them to impact the knowledge on
students.
Abdulahi (2008) on the other hand, stated that instructional materials help
teachers to make use of the working model. The teacher will properly organize in
This study aims to find out the essence of validating of instructional materials
used in physical education subject of senior high school students at Rizal Technological
University.
in terms of:
physical education?
3. What are the common problems met by the physical education teachers in
in teaching?
Hypothesis
in teaching.
Conceptual Framework
This research was initiated in order to find out the essence of validating of
-Professional
2. Years of teaching
experience in physical
education
3. Number of seminars
attended
The researcher used the Input, Process, Output Method or the IPO Model
The findings of this study rely on the perceptions of the respondents as obtained
from the questionnaires. The respondents of this study consist of physical education
Students. this study will pose as an informative basis for their studies in relation
validate and develop instructional materials. It may also serve as a reference for
education subject. Future researchers may also conduct another study using other
variables.
Definition of Terms
The following terms are defined for the benefit of the readers. This will serve as
Instructional Materials. These are materials that can be used to illustrate the
content of instruction so as to make teaching and learning more effective and efficient.
materials.
CHAPTER II
In an attempt to define the term instructional material, the two key words
Instructional Materials as the name suggests, are materials of visual and audio-visual
category that helps to make concepts abstracts and ideas concrete in the teaching or
learning process. They are also materials which the teacher uses in supplementing his
instructional content or function that is used for teaching purposes including books,
supplementary reading materials, audio-visual and other sensory materials, script for
audio and television instruction, programme for manage sets of materials for
facilitate teaching and learning. The use of instructional materials does not only
encourage teachers and students to work collaboratively but also results in more
meet the needs of students and fit the constraints of the teaching and learning
information and responses to be evoked. The use of instructional material provides the
teacher with interesting and compelling platforms for conveying information since they
through which information passes for usage of educational situation in conjunction with
observed that the understanding behind the use of instructional material is to aid
teaching. They need materials for background information on the subject they are
teaching. Young teachers usually have not built up their expertise whenever they enter
into the field. Teachers often use instructional materials for lesson planning. These
materials are also needed by teachers to assess the knowledge of their
students. Teachers often assess students by assigning tasks, creating projects, and
administering exams. Instructional materials are essential for all of these activities.
Teachers are often expected to create their own lesson plans. This can be
subject. Teachers are expected to have a wide variety of expertise in many different
fields. Often, they need instructional aides to supplement their knowledge. Instructional
materials can help provide background knowledge on the subject the teacher is
planning for, and offer suggestions for lesson plans. Lesson planning is often the most
stressful aspect of teaching. Teachers are usually dependent on them to do their job
properly.
Instructional materials can offer some insight into the best methods of creating exams.
These materials can also help teachers create assignments and project ideas for
students. Teachers are required to use several different methods for assess their
often provide innovative and creative ways to assess students performance. It is hard to
imagine any teacher who is capable of teaching effectively without the accompaniment
importance-of-instructional-materials-in-teaching)