TRANSFORMERS
Lecture 3
3/2010
2/2010 TRANSFORMERS - K. Kanyimba
THE REAL TRANSFORMER (CONT.)
In Figure 5.16:
Figure 5.17.
Phasor diagram for a
real transformer on load
at a lagging power-factor.
7
THE EQUIVALENT CIRCUIT
OF A REAL PRANSFORMER (CONT.)
10
The Approximate Equivalent Circuit with
the Parallel Branch removed (cont.)
12
Simplification of the Approximate
Equivalent Circuit of a Real Transformer (cont.)
13
Simplification of the Approximate
Equivalent Circuit of a Real Transformer (cont.)
14
Simplification of the Approximate
Equivalent Circuit of a Real Transformer (cont.)
Ip Ns Ns 1
= Is = I p =
'
Is = Is
Is Np Np
Similarly
Is Np Np
= I p = Is =
'
I p = I p
Ip Ns Ns
Vp Np Np
= V = Vp =
s
'
Vs = Vs
Vs Ns Ns
Similarly
Vs Ns Ns 1
= V p = Vs =
'
Vp = Vp
Vp Np Np
Figure 5.23.
Figure 5.24.
Exercises
(Page 225 of the prescribed text book)
4.4. A 2.4-kVA, 2400/240-V, 50-Hz, step-down transformer
has the following parameters: R1 = 1.5 , X1 = 2.5 , R2 =
0.02 , X2 = 0.03 , Rc1 = 6 k and Xm1 = 8 k . It is
operating at 80% of its load at unity power-factor. Using
the exact equivalent circuit embodying the ideal
transformer, determine the efficiency of the transformer.
Also sketch its phasor diagram.
4.5. If the transformer in Exercise 4.4 delivers the rated
load at 0.8 pf lagging, determine its efficiency using the
approximate equivalent circuit as viewed from the
secondary side. Also sketch its phasor diagram.