Scenarios
Florea Dinu
Lecture 6: 02/04/2014
European Erasmus Mundus Master Course
Sustainable Constructions
under Natural Hazards and Catastrophic Events
520121-1-2011-1-CZ-ERA MUNDUS-EMMC
European Erasmus Mundus Master Course
(P) A structure shall be designed and executed in such a way that it will not be
damaged by events such as :
explosion,
impact, and
the consequences of human errors, to an extent disproportionate to the
original cause.
NOTE 1 The events to be taken into account are those agreed for an individual
project with the client and the relevant authority.
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L6 B.2 Mechanical
- 2C10 properties of cast iron, mild iron and steel at historical structures
Designforfireandrobustness
European Erasmus Mundus Master Course
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L6 B.2 Mechanical
- 2C10 properties of cast iron, mild iron and steel at historical structures
Designforfireandrobustness 3
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L6 B.2 Mechanical
- 2C10 properties of cast iron, mild iron and steel at historical structures
Designforfireandrobustness 4
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- 2C10 properties of cast iron, mild iron and steel at historical structures
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L6 B.2 Mechanical
- 2C10 properties of cast iron, mild iron and steel at historical structures
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Explosions:
- Terrorist attack?
- Quantity of explosive?
- Where may be placed the explosive?
- Gas?
- Container or pipe?
- Place of the explosion?
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L6 B.2 Mechanical
- 2C10 properties of cast iron, mild iron and steel at historical structures
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European Erasmus Mundus Master Course
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L6 B.2 Mechanical
- 2C10 properties of cast iron, mild iron and steel at historical structures
Designforfireandrobustness 8
European Erasmus Mundus Master Course
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L6 B.2 Mechanical
- 2C10 properties of cast iron, mild iron and steel at historical structures
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Impacts:
- Car or truck?
- At which place?
- Speed and mass?
- Plane?
- At which place?
- Speed and mass?
-
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- 2C10 properties of cast iron, mild iron and steel at historical structures
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Hard impact
If the structure is rigid and immovable and the colliding object deforms linearly,
during the impact phase and remains rigid during unloading, the maximum resulting
dynamic interaction force is given by expression (1):
(1)
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L6 B.2 Mechanical
- 2C10 Impact
properties of cast iron, mild iron and steel at historical structures
Designforfireandrobustness model, F = dynamic interaction force
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Soft impact
If the structure is assumed elastic and the colliding object rigid, the expressions
given in (1) still apply and should be used with k being the stiffness of the
structure.
m vr 2 Fo yo
where
Fo is the plastic strength of the structure, i.e. the quasi-static limit value of the
force F;
yo is its deformation capacity, i.e. the displacement of the point of impact that the
structure can undergo.
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L6 B.2 Mechanical
- 2C10 properties of cast iron, mild iron and steel at historical structures
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Human errors:
- Collapse of a dam?
- Bad use of the equipment?
fire?
explosion?
- Underdesign?
Natural events:
- Tsunami? Hurricanee, typhoon?
- Unexpected earthquake?
- Ground settlement?
- ?
seems to have been forgotten in the Eurocodes
Actions due to local failure from an unspecified cause may be used
The amount of local damage that should be accommodated must be defined -
two alternatives are notional removal of one major load-bearing element at
the perimeter of the building or stipulating a certain extent of damage by floor
area or by volume.
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- 2C10 properties of cast iron, mild iron and steel at historical structures
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NOTE 1 The events to be taken into account are those agreed for an individual
project with the client and the relevant authority.
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L6 B.2 Mechanical
- 2C10 properties of cast iron, mild iron and steel at historical structures
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Scenarios
Their definition is made on the basis of:
The class of consequences
The specific conditions (country, region, location of
the building, political or social context, )
The cost aspects
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- 2C10 properties of cast iron, mild iron and steel at historical structures
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Fictive example
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- 2C10 properties of cast iron, mild iron and steel at historical structures
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Fictive example
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- 2C10 properties of cast iron, mild iron and steel at historical structures
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European Erasmus Mundus Master Course
Fictive example
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L6 B.2 Mechanical
- 2C10 properties of cast iron, mild iron and steel at historical structures
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Fictive example
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- 2C10 properties of cast iron, mild iron and steel at historical structures
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Risks of attacks
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- 2C10 properties of cast iron, mild iron and steel at historical structures
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European Erasmus Mundus Master Course
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L6 B.2 Mechanical
- 2C10 properties of cast iron, mild iron and steel at historical structures
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Risks of blast
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L6 B.2 Mechanical
- 2C10 properties of cast iron, mild iron and steel at historical structures
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European Erasmus Mundus Master Course
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L6 B.2 Mechanical
- 2C10 properties of cast iron, mild iron and steel at historical structures
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European Erasmus Mundus Master Course
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L6 B.2 Mechanical
- 2C10 properties of cast iron, mild iron and steel at historical structures
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Alfred P. Murrah
Building,Oklahoma City
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- 2C10 properties of cast iron, mild iron and steel at historical structures
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600
3.5
kN/m2
450 7.0
Standoff distance (m)
300
14.0
150
70.0
Risks of blast
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- 2C10 properties of cast iron, mild iron and steel at historical structures
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Identified risks:
Type
Degree of intensity
Places where the impacts or
the explosions could take place
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L6 B.2 Mechanical
- 2C10 properties of cast iron, mild iron and steel at historical structures
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European Erasmus Mundus Master Course
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L6 B.2 Mechanical
- 2C10 properties of cast iron, mild iron and steel at historical structures
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European Erasmus Mundus Master Course
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L6 B.2 Mechanical
- 2C10 properties of cast iron, mild iron and steel at historical structures
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European Erasmus Mundus Master Course
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L6 B.2 Mechanical
- 2C10 properties of cast iron, mild iron and steel at historical structures
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The SUSCOS powerpoints are covered by copyright and are for the
exclusive use by the SUSCOS teachers in the framework of this Erasmus
Mundus Master. They may be improved by the various teachers
throughout the different editions.
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- 2C10 properties of cast iron, mild iron and steel at historical structures
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florea.dinu@upt.ro
http://steel.fsv.cvut.cz/suscos