Pipes:

1. For laminar flow conditions, what minimum size of pipe will deliver 6 liters/s of
medium oil having a kinematic viscosity of 6.101062/ ?

2. Oil with dynamic viscosity of 0.10 Pas and specific gravity of 0.85 flows through
3000m of 30cm cast-iron pipe at the rate of 44 liters/s. Find the head lost due to
friction.

3. Determine the type of flow occurring in a 30cm diameter pipe when:

(a) Water at 60F ( = 1.131062/ ) flows at a velocity of 1 /.
(b) Heavy oil at 60( = 2.051042/ ) flows at a velocity of 1 /.

4. Compute the lower critical velocity for 10 cm pipe carrying heavy oil where ( =
895 kg/3and = 4.461052/ ) .

5. A pump 80% efficient delivers heavy oil ( = 912kg/3 ; = 2.051042/)

through 500m of 5cm diameter pipe to a storage tank whose oil level is 3m higher
than that of the supply tank. For a flow of 4liters/s determine the input power of the
pump.

6. A tank used to store commercial oil ( = 950 kg/3 ; = 21032/) is 15m

diameter and contains 1000m3 of oil. A 20cm pipe 50m long connected to the bottom
of the tank has its discharge end 6m below the bottom. A gate valve (K v = 0.20 when
fully opened) is located near the discharge end. Find the laminar flow in the pipe
when the valve is fully opened. Check the Reynolds number Re.

7. A new cast-iron pipe 400m long and 15cm in diameter carries 42liters/s of water.
Determine the frictional loss of head.

8. Determine the discharge of water through a 5cm wrought-iron pipe if the frictional
loss is 80KPa per 30m of pipe.

9. What diameter of new cast-iron pipe 1.6km long is required to discharge

0.1253/ of water with a loss of head of 17J/N?

10. Points A and B are 4.8Km apart along a 60 cm new cast-iron pipe carrying water.
A is 10cm higher than B. If the pressure at B is 140KPa greater than at A, determine
the direction and amount of flow.

11.If the roughness of the pipe in problem 10 increases 10% of its original value
each year ,what percent of increases in the necessary pressure at A can be
expected after 10 years of service ?

12. Oil with specific gravity of 0.902 flows through 1.20m long of 6.35mm glass
tubing with a head loss of 16.5cm of oil. The measured discharge is 6.81073/.
Determine the dynamic viscosity.
13. A new cast-iron pipe 20cm in diameter and 30m long having a sharp-cornered
entrance draws water from a reservoir and discharges into the air. What is the
difference in elevation between the water surface in the reservoir and the discharge
end of the pipe if the flow is 140liters/s?

14. A new cast-iron pipe 30cm in diameter and 1600m long carries water from a
reservoir and discharges into the air. If the entrance is 3m below the water level in
the reservoir and the pipe is laid on a downgrade of 1m per 500m, find the discharge

15. A new cast-iron pipe 30cm in diameter and 30m long connects two reservoirs,
both ends sharp-cornered and submerged. Determine the difference in elevation
between the water surfaces in the two reservoirs if the discharge is 0.45m 3/s.

16. What diameter of smooth concrete pipe 1000m long will carry 1.40m 3/s between
two reservoirs under a head of 1m, both ends of the pipe having a sharp-corner and
submerged?

17. Three new cast-iron pipes are connected in series as shown in Fig. A. If the
discharge is 230 liters/s determine the head lost: (a) neglecting minor losses (b)
considering minor losses.

18. Three new cast-iron pipes connected in series are shown in Fig. B. determine the
total frictional losses if the discharge is 200 liters/s. find also the difference between
the water surface in the reservoir and the discharge end of the third pipe.

19. Determine the discharge through three new cast-iron pipes connected in series,
having the diameters as shown in Fig. C. the total frictional loss, excluding minor
losses, is 5J/N. use n = 0.011 for all pipes.

20. Two pipes with C1 = 120 (Hazen-Williams constant) connected in series,

discharge 4.75ft3 / s. with a loss of head of 27 ft. each pipe has a length of 1000ft . If
one has a diameter of 18 in. determine the diameter of the other, neglecting minor
losses.

21. Fig. D shows a pipe system in parallel with a total flow of 400 liters/s. determine
the division of flow and the loss of head from A to B. Use n = 0.011 for both pipes.

22. In Problem 21, if the head loss from A to B is 4 J/N, determine the total flow.

23. The discharge of the pipe system shown in Fig. E is 440 liters/s. Determine the
head loss from A to D. Use f= 0.020 for all pipes.

24. A 15cm pipe leaves a straight 10cm pipe at a point A, and later joins it again at
point B. The distance AB on the straight 10cm pipe is 700m. How long will the 15cm
pipe have to be in order that the flow in the two pipes maybe the same? Assume f =
0.020 and neglect minor losses.
25. The pipe system shown in Fig. F serves two towns C and D. The highest building
in town C is at EL 21m and that in town D at EL 18m. If f = 0.020 for all pipes, what is
the flow in each pipe? If the per capita consumption in the two towns is 0.0035
liters/s, how many persons could be served in each town?

26. Fig. G shows a pipe system serving towns C and D. the population of town C is
20,000 while that of town D is 30,000. Daily per capita consumption is 0.0035 liters/s.
The proposed pipe line has f = 0.020. Design the system.

27. Determine the flow into or out of each reservoir in the pipe system shown in Fig.
H. Use n = 0.011 for all pipes.

28.A pipeline 7600 m long and 1.5 m in diameter supplies 8 nozzles(Cv=C=0.95)with

water from reservoir 180 m above the nozzles . each nozzles has a tip diameter of
7.5 cm. Assuming f=0.017,find the aggregate power available in the jets.

29. What commercial size of new cast-iron pipe (f= 0.019) shall be used to carry 280
liters/s of water with a head loss of 2 J/N per kilometer of pipe?

30. The pipe system of Fig. I has the following given properties At point A: a vacuum
of 36cm of mercury; at point B: a pressure of 400KPa; At the 90 -- bend; Kb = 0.35;
at the 60 .Bend Kb = 0.20. If the discharge is 60liters/s and f= 0.018, determine the
pumps output power.

31. A pump is used to raise water to a reservoir through 800m of 20cm diameter pipe
with f = 0.033.if the pipe is to be replaced with a new one having the same length but
with a diameter of 25cm and f = 0.022., determine the power saved if the flow is to
be maintained at 70 liters/s.

32. In Fig. J is shown a 15cm diameter cast-iron pipe discharging at an elevation

higher than the oil surface. If the oil has a kinematic viscosity of = 2.101062/
and specific gravity of 0.84, determine the pressure on the surface to cause a
discharge of 13 liters/s in the pipe.

33. Shown in fig. K are two reservoirs connected by 500m of 10cm pipe with f =
0.020. Determine the time, after opening the valve (K v = 0.40), when the water
surfaces in the reservoirs will be at the same elevation.

34. The turbine shown in Fig. L is located in the 35cm line. If the turbine efficiency is
90%, determine the output power of the turbine under the following given conditions:
L1 = 1220m D1= 35cm f1= 0.018
L2 = 610m D2= 15cm f2= 0.024
L3 = 2440m D3= 30cm f3= 0.020 Q3 = 230 liters/s
35. What power is delivered by the pump shown in the pipe system of Fig. M?
L1 = 300m D1= 30cm f1= 0.018
L3 = 1000m D3= 20cm f3= 0.023
L3 = 1500m D3= 25cm f3= 0.020 Q3 = 140 liters/s

36.A new 45 cm cast iron pipe 600 m long carries 260 liters from reservoir
A,discharging into two new cast iron pipes each 500 m long . One pipe is 3o cm in
diameter and leads to reservoir B,in which water surface is 5 m lower than in A . If
the water surface in C is 7 m lower than that at A ,determine the diameter of the pipe
leading to C ,use n=0.011