Budapest University of Technology and Economics

Department of Mechanics, Materials and Structures

English courses
Reinforced Concrete Structures
Code: BMEEPSTK601

Lecture no. 7:

DETAILING OF BEAMS

Reinforced Concrete 2012 lecture 7/1

Content:
1. Approximate design of the cross-sectional dimensions
2. Principles of constructing the envelope resistance shear and
moment diagrams
3. Detailing the reinforcement system of a simple supported beam
with cantilever
3.1 The shifted extreme moment diagram and the envelope
resistance moment diagram
3.2 The extreme shear diagram and the envelope shear
resistance diagram
3.3 Data and list of bars
4. Choosing the concrete cover and grade (ambiental conditions)
5. Some further constructional rules
a. The minimum anchorage length
b. Anchorage of links and bent-up bars
c. Reinforcement designed for torsion

Reinforced Concrete 2012 lecture 7/2

 1. Approximate design of the cross-sectional dimensions

Adopting b , capacity conditions for shear and flexure result in d

as follows:

1 VEd
VRd , max = bdf cd VEd bd 4
2 f cd M Ed
d
M VEd
M Rd b0,4df cd 0,7d M Ed bd 2 4 Ed
f cd

Value of l / d can then be checked for deflection, and adjusted if

necessary

Reinforced Concrete 2012 lecture 7/3

 2. Principles of constructing the envelope resistance shear and
moment diagrams

The reason of parallel shifting of the diagram of applied moments

The extent of shifting is z, if no

shear reinforcement is applied,
0,25z, at bent-up bars

shifted M

Effect of partial restraint at extreme

support:

Reinforced Concrete 2012 lecture 7/4

 Enveloping the moment and shear diagrams of a simple supported beam
m R and m +R

capacity moments attributed

to a top and bottom bar respec-
MEd tively of diameter
MEd,shifted
MR 2 bars are bent-up from 5 on
bottom (it is possible)

Design of shear reinforcement

(here links) is necessary for the
dashed area
Use of minimum links along the
Interior part af the beam

Reinforced Concrete 2012 lecture 7/5

Graphical presentation of the capacity moment attributed to each of the
longitudinal bars of an rc beam
-Example of the bar id. no. 3, bent-up on left and finished in the span on
right :

32
M Rd,3 = f yd z
4

Reinforced Concrete 2012 lecture 7/6

 Reason of using bent-up bar +,,mustache bar,, at intermediate
supports

Detail of the side view of the beam bent-up bar musta-

che bar

Detail of the shifted moment Mshifted

diagram and the envelope moment
diagram at intermediate support

Detail of the shear force diagrams

Reinforced Concrete 2012 lecture 7/7

 Shear design strategies
-Using bent-up bars -the ,,simple grading system,, (geom.
order) of bent-up bars
-design of links for max(VEd,1, 0,5VEd,max)
and maintaining its intensity in support
direction
-design of min. links from section of VRd,c

-When designing only links, if

V VRd , c
l w = Ed , max is long
pd
(greater than 1,2 m), it is more economic
to design two link intensities spacing s1
and s2 - along l w:

Reinforced Concrete 2012 lecture 7/8

 3. Detailing the reinforcement system of a simple supported
beam with cantilever
(example treated numerically in the practical lessons)

Geometrical data and loads

Reinforced Concrete 2012 lecture 7/9

 3.1 The shifted extreme moment diagram and the envelope
resistance moment diagram

Reinforced Concrete 2012 lecture 7/10

 3.2 The extreme shear diagram and the envelope shear
resistance diagram

Reinforced Concrete 2012 lecture 7/11

 3.3 Bar data and list of bars

Axis measure
External dimension

List of bars for beam G1 Reinforcement quality: B60.50

Id. pcs. length length (m)

no.
mm m 8 16
1 2 16 8,63 17,26

7 62 8 1,26 78,12
Total length (m) 78,12 64,1
Specific mass (kg/m) 0,395 1,58
Total mass (kg) 30,9 101,3
Reinforced Concrete 2012 lecture 7/12
 4. Choosing the concrete cover and grade (ambiental
conditions)

c min,b

cnom 10 mm + max c min,dur

10 mm
cmin,b is the minimum concrete cover conditioned by adequate
bound (1 to 3 bar diameter)
cmin,dur depends from conditions of the ambiente, as given in the
table below

Reinforced Concrete 2012 lecture 7/13

 Min. Min.
conc- ce- Max. Values
rete ment- w/c of
Ambiental conditions corresponding to EN 206
stren con- ratio cmin,dur
gth tent % (mm)
grade kg/m3
Ambiental
Sign Examples
conditions
C12/
X0 Dry ambient Dry indoor spaces 260 65 10
15
Indoor spaces with
Carbonization in dry
medium air humidity C20/
XC1 or constantly wet 260 65 15
content, underwater 25
ambient
structures

Reinforced Concrete 2012 lecture 7/14

 Water reservoirs,
Carbonization in
foundation structures. C25/
wet, rarely dry
XC2, Structures of open-air 30 60
ambient, or by 280 25
XC3 halls, garages, indoor C30/ 55
moderate air
spaces 37
humidity content
of high humidity
Carbonization in
Structures exposed to C30/
XC4 variable dry and 300 50 30
rain 37
humid space
Chloride corrosionStructures exposed to
C30/
XD1 by limited air atmospheric chloride 300 55 35
37
humidity content corrosion
Water-side surface of
non-insulated basins,
Chloride corrosion in
structures subjected C30/
XD2 humid, rarely dry 300 55 40
to the effect of 37
ambient
industrial water with
chloride content

Reinforced Concrete 2012 lecture 7/15

 Structures of bridges,
Chloride corrosion in pavements, parking
C35/
XD3 variable humid or house floors effected 320 45 45
45
dry ambient by chlorine containing
chemicals
Permanent effect of Basin filled with C35/
XS2 300 50 40
seawater seawater 45
Moderate water Vertical surfaces
C30/ **
XF1 saturation without exposed to rain and 300 55
37
anti-freeze frost
High water Horizontal surfaces
C30/ **
XF3 saturation without exposed to rain and 320 50
37
anti-freeze frost
C30/ 300
+
37
XA1 Slightly, moderately Structures exposed to 55
C30/ 320 **
XA2 and strongly sulphate containing + 50
37
XA3 aggressive ambient soils and groundwater 45
C35/ 360
+
45
Reinforced Concrete 2012 lecture 7/16
 5.Some further constructional rules

a) The minimum anchorage length

s
lb,min = max{10; 100 mm, min lb }
f yd

min= 0,3 for bars working in tension

min= 0,6 for bars working in compression

Reinforced Concrete 2012 lecture 7/17

 b) Anchorage of links and bent-up bars

Anchorage of links

Anchorage of bent-up
bars in the compression
and tension zone respec-
tively

Reinforced Concrete 2012 lecture 7/18

 c) Reinforcement designed for torsion

For better anchorage, use links of the type indicated below!

Longitudinal bars should ba uniformly distributed along all sides of the

section:

Reinforced Concrete 2012 lecture 7/19