American Water Works Association

ANSI/AWWA B302-00
(Revision of ANSI/AWWA B302-95)

AWWA STANDARD
FOR
AMMONIUM SULFATE

Effective date: January 1, 2001.

First edition approved by AWWA Board of Directors July 15, 1949.
This edition approved June 11, 2000.
Approved by American National Standards Institute October 6, 2000.

AMERICAN WATER WORKS ASSOCIATION

6666 West Quincy Avenue, Denver, Colorado 80235

Copyright 2000 American Water Works Association, All Rights Reserved

 AWWA Standard
This document is an American Water Works Association (AWWA) standard. It is not a specification.
AWWA standards describe minimum requirements and do not contain all of the engineering and
administrative information normally contained in specifications. The AWWA standards usually
contain options that must be evaluated by the user of the standard. Until each optional feature is
specified by the user, the product or service is not fully defined. AWWA publication of a standard
does not constitute endorsement of any product or product type, nor does AWWA test, certify, or
approve any product. The use of AWWA standards is entirely voluntary. AWWA standards are
intended to represent a consensus of the water supply industry that the product described will
provide satisfactory service. When AWWA revises or withdraws this standard, an official notice of
action will be placed on the first page of the classified advertising section of Journal AWWA. The
action becomes effective on the first day of the month following the month of Journal AWWA
publication of the official notice.

American National Standard

An American National Standard implies a consensus of those substantially concerned with its scope
and provisions. An American National Standard is intended as a guide to aid the manufacturer, the
consumer, and the general public. The existence of an American National Standard does not in any
respect preclude anyone, whether that person has approved the standard or not, from manufactur-
ing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the
standard. American National Standards are subject to periodic review, and users are cautioned to
obtain the latest editions. Producers of goods made in conformity with an American National
Standard are encouraged to state on their own responsibility in advertising and promotional
materials or on tags or labels that the goods are produced in conformity with particular American
National Standards.

CAUTION NOTICE: The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) approval date on the front
cover of this standard indicates completion of the ANSI approval process. This American National
Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. ANSI procedures require that action be taken
to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this standard no later than five years from the date of publication.
Purchasers of American National Standards may receive current information on all standards by
calling or writing the American National Standards Institute, 11 W. 42nd St., New York, NY 10036;
(212) 642-4900.

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any
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Copyright 2000 by American Water Works Association

Printed in USA

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Copyright 2000 American Water Works Association, All Rights Reserved

 Committee Personnel
The AWWA Standards Committee on Disinfectants, which reviewed and
approved this revision, had the following personnel at the time of approval:

Robert D. Harriger, Chair

Gary F. Trojak, Vice-Chair

Consumer Members

B.S. Aptowicz, Philadelphia Water Department, Philadelphia, Pa. (AWWA)

J.B. Breitenstein, Fort Lauderdale Public Service, Fort Lauderdale, Fla. (AWWA)
H.F. Hanson, Professional Services Group, Woodbridge, Va. (AWWA)
J.T. Harvey, Little Rock Municipal Water Works, Little Rock, Ark. (AWWA)
A.A. Khan, Pepsico, Arlington, Texas (AWWA)
H.L. Plowman Jr., Philadelphia Suburban Water Company, Media, Pa. (AWWA)
Stephen Poole, Aqualta Engineering, Edmonton, Alta. (AWWA)
D.L. Saenz, Los Angeles Department of Water and Power, Sylmar, Calif. (AWWA)
A.T. Segars, MiamiDade Water and Sewer Authority, Hialeah, Fla. (AWWA)

General Interest Members

J.H. Buckler,* St. Louis County Water Company, St. Louis, Mo. (AWWA)
P.E. Cote, Earth Tech, Cumberland, Maine (AWWA)
D.J. Gates, Citrus Heights, Calif. (AWWA)
R.D. Harriger, Eaglebrook Inc., Williamsburg, Va. (AWWA)
S.J. Posavec,* Standards Liaison, AWWA, Denver, Colo. (AWWA)
K.B. Stark, NSF International, Ann Arbor, Mich. (AWWA)

Producer Members

David Hildebrand, Vulcan Chemicals, Wichita, Kan. (CI)

W.B. Huebner, Capital Controls Company, Colmar, Pa. (AWWA)
P.A. Ross, Dow Chemical USA, Freeport, Texas (AWWA)
G.F. Trojak, The Chlorine Institute Inc., Washington, D.C. (CI)

*Liaison, nonvoting

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Copyright 2000 American Water Works Association, All Rights Reserved

 Contents

All AWWA standards follow the general format indicated subsequently. Some variations from this format may be
found in a particular standard.

SEC. PAGE SEC. PAGE

Foreword 2 Reference ............................................ 1

I Introduction .......................................... vi
3 Definitions .......................................... 2
I.A Background......................................... vii
I.B History. ............................................... vii 4 Requirements
I.C Acceptance. ........................................ viii 4.1 Physical Requirements......................... 2
II Special Issues. ...................................... ix 4.2 Chemical Requirements ....................... 2
III Use of This Standard........................... ix 4.3 Impurities.............................................. 3
III.A Purchaser Options and Alternatives .. ix
5 Verification
III.B Modification to Standard....................... x
5.1 Sampling ............................................... 3
IV Major Revisions..................................... x
5.2 Test Procedures .................................... 4
V Comments.............................................. x
5.3 Rejection................................................ 8
Standard
6 Delivery
1 General
6.1 Marking................................................. 9
1.1 Scope ...................................................... 1
6.2 Packaging and Shipping ...................... 9
1.2 Purpose .................................................. 1
6.3 Affidavit of Compliance...................... 10
1.3 Application............................................. 1

Copyright 2000 American Water Works Association, All Rights Reserved

 This page intentionally blank.

Copyright 2000 American Water Works Association, All Rights Reserved

 Foreword
This foreword is for information only and is not part of AWWA B302.

I. Introduction.
I.A. Background. Ammonium sulfate, (NH4)2SO4, is used by some water
utilities as a source of ammonia in the formation of chloramines and as an activating
agent in the formation of activated silica. It is readily soluble in water and consists
of rhombic crystals or fine granules, which, if pure, are colorless or white and
odorless. Commercial grades of ammonium sulfate have a pinkish to brown color as a
result of traces of iron and organic compounds contained in the source of the
material.
Ammonium sulfate used for potable water treatment is usually a by-product in
the manufacture of caprolactam, a nylon-base material. It is available at a
commercial strength of 99 percent ammonium sulfate. Ammonium sulfate obtained
as a by-product in the manufacture of coal gas and coke is no longer used in potable
water treatment.
Ammonium sulfate can be prepared free of contaminants by reacting ammonia
and sulfuric acid. Food-grade ammonium sulfate, which is used as a dough
conditioner and in yeast food, is produced in this manner. The cost of the food-grade
material is several times greater than the commercial-grade material; however, some
states require food-grade material for use in potable water treatment.
Depending on its source, ammonium sulfate material has a tendency to cake
and arc when stored in bulk. This can be prevented by the addition of a small amount
of amorphous silica (0.060.1 percent), a type of fused silica.
For safety precautions, refer to material safety data sheets (MSDS) available
from the supplier or manufacturer.
I.B. History. The first edition of this standard was prepared by the AWWA
Water Purification Division. It was approved as tentative on July 15, 1949, and made
standard on May 15, 1953, with the designation of B400-53. The second edition was
prepared by AWWA Committee 7400P and was approved on Jan. 27, 1964, with the
designation of B302-64. The third and fourth editions were prepared by the AWWA
Standards Committee on Taste and Odor Control Chemicals and were approved on
Jan. 25, 1981, and June 22, 1986, respectively. The fifth edition was prepared by the

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Copyright 2000 American Water Works Association, All Rights Reserved

AWWA Standards Committee on Disinfectants and approved on June 17, 1995. This
edition was approved on June 11, 2000.
I.C. Acceptance. In May 1985, the US Environmental Protection Agency
(USEPA) entered into a cooperative agreement with a consortium led by NSF
International (NSF) to develop voluntary third-party consensus standards and a
certification program for all direct and indirect drinking water additives. Other
members of the original consortium included the American Water Works Association
Research Foundation (AWWARF) and the Conference of State Health and Environ-
mental Managers (COSHEM). The American Water Works Association (AWWA) and
the Association of State Drinking Water Administrators (ASDWA) joined later.
In the United States, authority to regulate products for use in, or in contact
with, drinking water rests with individual states.* Local agencies may choose to
impose requirements more stringent than those required by the state. To evaluate
the health effects of products and drinking water additives from such products, state
and local agencies may use various references, including two standards developed
under the direction of NSF, ANSI/NSF 60, Drinking Water Treatment Chemicals
Health Effects, and ANSI/NSF 61, Drinking Water System ComponentsHealth
Effects.
Various certification organizations may be involved in certifying products in
accordance with ANSI/NSF 60. Individual states or local agencies have authority to
accept or accredit certification organizations within their jurisdiction. Accreditation
of certification organizations may vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction.
Annex A, Toxicology Review and Evaluation Procedures, to ANSI/NSF 60 does
not stipulate a maximum allowable level (MAL) of a contaminant for substances not
regulated by a USEPA final maximum contaminant level (MCL). The MALs of an
unspecified list of unregulated contaminants are based on toxicity testing
guidelines (noncarcinogens) and risk characterization methodology (carcinogens). Use
of Annex A procedures may not always be identical, depending on the certifier.
AWWA B302-00 addresses additives requirements in Sec. 4.3.4 of the standard.
The transfer of contaminants from chemicals to processed water or the residual solids

*Persons in Canada, Mexico, and non-North American countries should contact the
appropriate authority having jurisdiction.
American National Standards Institute, 11 W. 42nd St., New York, NY 10036.
NSF International, 789 N. Dixboro Rd., Ann Arbor, MI 48105.

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is becoming a problem of greater concern. The language in Sec. 4.3.4 is a
recommendation only for direct additives used in the treatment of potable water to be
certified by an accredited certification organization in accordance with ANSI/NSF
Standard 60, Drinking Water Treatment ChemicalsHealth Effects. However, users
of the standard may opt to make this certification a requirement for the product.
Users of this standard should also consult the appropriate state or local agency
having jurisdiction in order to
1. Determine additives requirements, including applicable standards.
2. Determine the status of certifications by all parties offering to certify
products for contact with, or treatment of, drinking water.
3. Determine current information on product certification.
II. Special Issues. This standard has no applicable information for this
section.
III. Use of This Standard. AWWA has no responsibility for the suitability
or compatibility of the provisions of this standard to any intended application by any
user. Accordingly, each user of this standard is responsible for determining that the
standards provisions are suitable for and compatible with that users intended
application.
III.A. Purchaser Options and Alternatives. The following items should be
included in the purchasers specifications:
1. Standard usedthat is, AWWA B302, Standard for Ammonium Sulfate, of
latest revision.
2. Quantity of ammonium sulfate required.
3. Whether an affidavit of compliance (Sec. 6.3) is required.
4. Whether the ammonium sulfate shall contain an anticaking agent (Sec.
4.1.2).
5. Method of packaging and shipping required (Sec. 6.2).
6. Whether optional markings will be required (Sec. 6.1.2).
7. Whether the recommended compliance with ANSI/NSF Standard 60,
Drinking Water Treatment ChemicalsHealth Effects, is to be required. If this
certification is to be required, the purchasers specifications shall read, This material
shall be certified as suitable for contact with or treatment of drinking water by an
accredited certification organization in accordance with ANSI/NSF Standard 60,
Drinking Water Treatment ChemicalsHealth Effects.

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Copyright 2000 American Water Works Association, All Rights Reserved

 III.B. Modification to Standard. Any modification to the provisions, defini-
tions, or terminology in this standard must be provided in the purchasers
specifications.
IV. Major Revisions. Major changes made to the standard in this revision
include the following:
1. The acceptance clause (Sec. I.C) and the Purchaser Options and Alterna-
tives (III.A.) have been revised to approved wording.
2. A section on Product Certifications has been added.
V. Comments. If you have any comments or questions about this standard,
please call the AWWA Volunteer and Technical Support Group, (303) 794-7711 ext.
6283, FAX (303) 795-7603, or write to the group at 6666 W. Quincy Ave., Denver, CO
80235.

Copyright 2000 American Water Works Association, All Rights Reserved

 American Water Works Association

ANSI/AWWA B302-00
(Revision of ANSI/AWWA B302-95)

AWWA STANDARD FOR

AMMONIUM SULFATE

SECTION 1: GENERAL
Sec. 1.1 Scope
This standard describes ammonium sulfate for use in water supply service.

Sec. 1.2 Purpose

The purpose of this standard is to provide the minimum requirements for
ammonium sulfate, including physical, chemical, packaging, shipping, and testing
requirements.

Sec. 1.3 Application

This standard can be referenced in specifications for purchasing and receiving
ammonium sulfate and can be used as a guide for testing the physical and chemical
properties of ammonium sulfate samples. The stipulations of this standard apply
when this document has been referenced and only to ammonium sulfate used in
water supply service applications.

SECTION 2: REFERENCE
This standard references the following document. In its latest edition, this
document forms a part of this standard to the extent specified within the standard.
In any case of conflict, the requirements of this standard shall prevail.

Copyright 2000 American Water Works Association, All Rights Reserved

2 AWWA B302-00

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. APHA,*

AWWA, WEF, Washington, D.C.

SECTION 3: DEFINITIONS
The following definitions shall apply in this standard:
1. Manufacturer: The party that manufactures, fabricates, or produces
materials or products.
2. Purchaser: The person, company, or organization that purchases any
materials or work to be performed.
3. Supplier: The party that supplies materials or services. A supplier may or
may not be the manufacturer.

SECTION 4: REQUIREMENTS
Sec. 4.1 Physical Requirements
4.1.1 Form. The material supplied according to this standard shall be
homogeneous and in a fine-crystalline form suitable for feeding with dry feeders. It
shall be free from lint, chips, or other foreign matter.
4.1.2 Anticaking agent. The purchaser may require the addition of a small
amount of amorphous silica to the material. (The amount of amorphous silica added
shall be sufficiently small that it will not lower the percent of available ammonia
below the amount specified in Sec. 4.2.) No surface-active agent or detergent in any
form shall be used as an anticaking agent.

Sec. 4.2 Chemical Requirements

The ammonium sulfate supplied shall meet the following requirements.
4.2.1 Moisture content. The moisture content shall not exceed 0.25 percent.
4.2.2 Available ammonia content. The available ammonia content, expressed
as NH3, shall not be less than 25 percent.
4.2.3 Free-acid content. The free-acid content, expressed as H2SO4, shall not
exceed 0.15 percent.

*American Public Health Association, 800 I Street N.W., Washington, DC 20001.

Water Environment Federation, 601 Wythe St., Alexandria, VA 22314-1994.

Copyright 2000 American Water Works Association, All Rights Reserved

 AMMONIUM SULFATE 3

Sec. 4.3 Impurities*

4.3.1 General impurities. The ammonium sulfate supplied in accordance with
this standard shall contain no soluble material or organic substances in quantities
capable of producing deleterious or injurious effects on the health of those consuming
water that has been properly treated with the ammonium sulfate.
The ammonium sulfate shall not contain specific impurities in excess of the
following limits (by weight):
4.3.2.1 Pyridine50 mg/kg.
4.3.2.2 Ether-soluble matter30 mg/kg.
4.3.2.3 Cyanidenone detectable with the analytical method described in Sec.
5.2.8.
4.3.3 Taste and odor. The material shall contain no impurity that will
produce an unpleasant taste or odor in the water, either in the absence of chlorine or
in combination with chlorine in concentrations normally required for treatment of a
water supply.
4.3.4 Product certifications. Ammonium sulfate is a direct additive used in
the treatment of potable water. This material should be certified as suitable for
contact with or treatment of drinking water by an accredited certification organiza-
tion in accordance with ANSI/NSF Standard 60, Drinking Water Treatment Chemi-
calsHealth Effects. Evaluation shall be accomplished in accordance with require-
ments that are no less restrictive than those listed in ANSI/NSF Standard 60.
Certification shall be accomplished by a certification organization accredited by the
American National Standards Institute.

SECTION 5: VERIFICATION
Sec. 5.1 Sampling
Sampling shall be conducted in accordance with this section of the standard.
Each sample container shall be labeled to identify it and shall be signed by the
sampler. A chain-of-custody form shall accompany all samples and shall be properly
completed by the individuals collecting samples.
5.1.1 Sampling point. Samples shall be taken at the point of destination.

*See Sec. I.C of the foreword.

Copyright 2000 American Water Works Association, All Rights Reserved

4 AWWA B302-00

5.1.2 Amount of shipment to be sampled. If the material is packaged, 5 per-

cent of the packages shall be sampled. No sample shall be taken from a broken
package. In the case of bulk shipments, a composite sample should be taken from
each truck or railroad car carrying the material.
5.1.3 Composite sample from bulk shipments. A composite sample from bulk
shipments will include a single grab sample from near the center of each sector or
bay of the shipping vessel. A minimum of three grab samples will be taken. Five or
more grab samples, depending on shipment size, are recommended.
5.1.4 Sampling device. Ammonium sulfate may be sampled using a sampling
tube that is at least 3/4 in. (19 mm) in diameter. The sample may be taken from bulk
shipments in trucks or railroad cars or from packages. If the ammonium sulfate is
handled by conveyor or elevator, a mechanical sampling arrangement may be used.
5.1.5 Sample size. A gross sample weighing at least 10 lb (4.5 kg) shall be
taken. It shall be thoroughly mixed and divided to provide three 1-lb (0.45-kg)
material samples. These shall be sealed in airtight, moistureproof glass containers.
Each sample container shall be labeled, and the label shall be signed by the sampler.
5.1.6 Sample distribution. One of the sealed material samples is for use by
the purchaser for testing in accordance with Sec. 5.2 of this standard. The remaining
two material samples are for use in accordance with Sec. 5.3.1 of this standard, if
needed.

Sec. 5.2 Test Procedures

5.2.1 Sampling and laboratory examination. Sampling shall be conducted in
accordance with Sec. 5.1 of this standard. The laboratory examination of the sample
by the purchaser shall be completed within five working days after receipt of
shipment.
5.2.1.1 Test samples. Test samples shall be obtained from the sealed material
samples delivered to the laboratory. Material samples shall be unsealed only when it
is necessary to remove quantities of the material for testing.
5.2.1.2 Sample preparation. The material sample shall be thoroughly mixed
and divided to provide a test sample of approximately 100 g. The test sample shall be
stored in an airtight glass container. The sample container shall be unsealed only
when it is necessary to remove quantities of the material for testing. This shall be
accomplished quickly to avoid change in moisture content. The test sample shall then
be resealed for future use.

Copyright 2000 American Water Works Association, All Rights Reserved

 AMMONIUM SULFATE 5

5.2.1.3 Sample retention. Test samples shall be retained for at least 30 days
after the date of receipt before they are discarded.
5.2.1.4 Test procedures. Methods of testing ammonium sulfate shall conform
to the procedures presented in the following sections. Alternative procedures can be
used only with the written approval of the purchaser. In any case of conflict, the
methods of this standard shall prevail.
5.2.2 Test procedure for moisture.
5.2.2.1 Procedure. Accurately weigh 10 g (to the nearest 1 mg) of the sample
into a short weighing bottle, then dry to constant weight in an oven at 103C.
5.2.2.2 Calculation.

loss in weight, in grams

percent moisture = -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 100
weight of sample, in grams (Eq 1)

5.2.3 Test procedure for available ammoniaformaldehyde method.

5.2.3.1 Reagents.
1. 1.0N sodium hydroxide, carbonate free.
2. 30 percent solution of formaldehyde that has been neutralized with sodium
hydroxide using phenolphthalein indicator. (This must be freshly prepared.)
3. Methyl orange indicator, aqueous solution.
5.2.3.2 Procedure.
1. Dissolve 1.0 g of the sample in boiled and cooled deionized water, and
neutralize the acidity with sodium hydroxide to the methyl orange indicator end
point. The amount of sodium hydroxide is not recorded.
2. Add 5 mL of formaldehyde (Sec. 5.2.3.1(2)) and gently shake several times.
3. Titrate with 1.0N sodium hydroxide to the phenolphthalein indicator end
point.
5.2.3.3 Calculation.

mL 1.0N NaOH 0.01703

percent NH3 = -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 100 (Eq 2)
weight of sample, in grams

5.2.4 Test procedure for available ammoniaalternative method.

5.2.4.1 Reagents.
1. 1.0N sodium hydroxide.
2. 1.0N sulfuric acid.

Copyright 2000 American Water Works Association, All Rights Reserved

6 AWWA B302-00

3. 0.1N sodium hydroxide.

4. Ammonia-free deionized water.
5. Methyl red indicator.
5.2.4.2 Procedure.
1. Accurately weigh 2.5 g of the sample of ammonium sulfate and put in a
Kjeldahl flask fitted with a spray trap and suitable condenser. Add 150 mL of
deionized water (Sec. 5.2.4.1(4)) and 15 mL 1.0N of sodium hydroxide solution (Sec.
5.2.4.1(1)).
2. When the sample is completely dissolved, distill at least 100 mL from the
Kjeldahl flask into 40 mL of 1.0N sulfuric acid (Sec. 5.2.4.1(2)), keeping the delivery
tube just under the receiving liquid.
3. Titrate the distillate with 0.1N sodium hydroxide (Sec. 5.2.4.1(3)) to the
methyl red indicator end point.
5.2.4.3 Calculation.

mL 1.0N H SO ( mL 0.1N NaOH 0.1 )

2 4
percent NH3 = ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 0.01703 100
weight of sample, in grams
(Eq 3)

5.2.5 Test procedure for ether-soluble matter.

5.2.5.1 Reagent.
1. Anhydrous ethyl ether.
5.2.5.2 Procedure.
1. Accurately weigh 25 g to the nearest 0.01 g of the sample after drying for
2 hr at 103C.
2. Extract for 2 hr in a soxhlet extractor using 25 to 30 mL of anhydrous ethyl
ether (Sec. 5.2.5.1).
3. Dry the residue in a moisture-free atmosphere to constant weight.
5.2.5.3 Calculation.

weight of ether-soluble residue, in grams

percent ether-soluble matter = ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 100
weight of sample, in grams
(Eq 4)

5.2.6 Test procedure for free acid.

5.2.6.1 Reagents.
1. 0.1N sodium hydroxide.
2. Methyl red indicator.

Copyright 2000 American Water Works Association, All Rights Reserved

 AMMONIUM SULFATE 7

5.2.6.2 Procedure.
1. Dissolve 24.5 g of sample in 100 mL of deionized water and filter into a
500-mL flask.
2. Rinse the beaker and wash the filter with not more than 50 mL of water.
3. Add four drops of methyl red indicator (Sec. 5.2.6.1(2)) and, if the solution
has a reddish tint, titrate with 0.1N sodium hydroxide (Sec. 5.2.6.1(1)) added
dropwise with constant shaking until a yellowish tint develops.
5.2.6.3 Calculation.

percent free acid (as H2 SO4 ) = mL 0.1N NaOH 0.02 (Eq 5)

5.2.7 Test procedure for pyridine.

5.2.7.1 Reagents.
1. 1.0N sodium hydroxide.
2. 1.0N sulfuric acid.
3. 0.1N sodium hydroxide.
4. 0.1N sulfuric acid.
5. Sodium hypobromite solution. (Dissolve 100 g of sodium hydroxide in
800 mL deionized water and cool; add 25 mL of liquid bromine and shake until all is
dissolved; make up to 1 L. This solution must be prepared just before the time of use.)
CAUTION: Liquid bromine volatilizes readily. The vapor is highly corrosive
and extremely irritating to the mucous membrane when inhaled. If the liquid comes
in contact with skin, it produces severe burns that are difficult to heal. When
working with this element in the laboratory, the analyst should use a well-ventilated
hood and take any other protective measures necessary.
6. Methyl red indicator.
5.2.7.2 Apparatus.
1. Ammonia distillation apparatus.
5.2.7.3 Procedure.
1. Dissolve 50.0 g of the sample in 150 mL of deionized water in a 1-L
distilling flask and add two drops of methyl red indicator. Add 1.0N sodium
hydroxide (Sec. 5.2.7.1(1)) to the end point and then add 5 mL in excess.
2. Distill for 30 min, using glass beads, into a 1-L flask containing 10 mL of
1.0N sulfuric acid (Sec. 5.2.7.1(2)) in 100 mL of deionized water. It is important to
keep the condenser cool.

Copyright 2000 American Water Works Association, All Rights Reserved

8 AWWA B302-00

3. To the cooled distillate, add about 100 mL of sodium hypobromite solution

(Sec. 5.2.7.1(5)) and shake well.
4. Distill as much as possible, using glass beads, into a 500-mL flask
containing 10 mL of 0.1N sulfuric acid, being careful to keep the receiver cool.
5. Titrate with 0.1N sodium hydroxide using methyl red indicator.
5.2.7.4 Calculation.

mL 0.1NH 2 SO4 mL 0.1NNaOH

percent pyridine = -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0.0079 100 (Eq 6)
weight of sample, in grams

5.2.8 Test procedure for cyanide.

5.2.8.1 Reagents.
1. 50 percent solution of sodium hydroxide.
2. 10 percent solution of ferrous sulfate.
3. 10 percent solution of ferric chloride.
4. 1:3 sulfuric acid, by volume.
5.2.8.2 Procedure.
1. Dissolve 2 g of the sample in a minimum amount of water in a test tube
and then add a few drops of the sodium hydroxide solution (Sec. 5.2.8.1(1)).
2. Add one drop of ferrous sulfate solution (Sec. 5.2.8.1(2)) and one drop of
ferric chloride solution (Sec. 5.2.8.1(3)) and shake.
3. Add 3 mL of the 1:3 sulfuric acid (Sec. 5.2.8.1(4)). A blue color will develop
if cyanide is present.

Sec. 5.3 Rejection

5.3.1 Notice of nonconformance. If the ammonium sulfate delivered does not
meet the requirements of this standard, a notice of nonconformance shall be provided
by the purchaser to the supplier within 10 working days after receipt of the shipment
at the point of destination. The results of the purchasers test shall prevail unless the
supplier notifies the purchaser within five working days after receipt of the notice of
nonconformance that a retest is desired. On receipt of the request for a retest, the
purchaser shall forward to the supplier one of the three sealed samples taken in
accordance with Sec. 5 of this standard. In the event that the test results obtained by
the supplier on retesting do not agree with the test results obtained by the purchaser,
the remaining sealed sample shall be forwarded, unopened, for analysis to a referee
laboratory agreed on by both parties. The results of the referee analysis shall be final.

Copyright 2000 American Water Works Association, All Rights Reserved

 AMMONIUM SULFATE 9

SECTION 6: DELIVERY*
Sec. 6.1 Marking
6.1.1 Required. Each shipment of material shall carry with it some means of
identification. Each package shall bear a legible marking stating the net weight of
the contents, the name of the manufacturer, chemical name and formula, and a brand
name, if any.
6.1.2 Optional. The container may also bear the statement, This material
meets the requirements of AWWA B302, Standard for Ammonium Sulfate, provided
that the requirements of this document are met and the material is not of a different
quality based on a separate agreement between the supplier and purchaser.

Sec. 6.2 Packaging and Shipping

6.2.1 Containers. Ammonium sulfate shall be shipped in 50-lb (23-kg) or
100-lb (45-kg) multiwall paper bags, 400-lb (180-kg) fiber drums, or other containers
specified by the purchaser. At the purchasers request, it may also be shipped in bulk
in paper-lined boxcars, in covered hopper or airslide railroad cars, or in trucks
suitable for shipping dry bulk chemicals.
6.2.2 Net weight. The net weight of packages shall not deviate from the
recorded weight by more than 2.5 percent. Any exception taken in regard to the
weight of the material received shall be based on a deviation from the certified unit
weight of not less than 5 percent of the packages shipped, selected at random from
the entire shipment.

Sec. 6.3 Affidavit of Compliance

The purchaser may require the manufacturer or supplier to provide either an
affidavit attesting that the ammonium sulfate provided complies with all applicable
requirements of this standard, or a certified analysis of the ammonium sulfate, or
both.

*Governmental marking, packaging, and shipping references reflect US requirements. Users of

B302 in Canada, Mexico, and non-North American countries should verify applicable local and
national regulatory requirements.

Copyright 2000 American Water Works Association, All Rights Reserved

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