Usfos JointCapacity

USFOS
Joint Capacity
Theory
Description of use
Verification
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Table of Contents
1. INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................... 4
1.1 General ................................................................................................................ 4
1.2 MSL variants ....................................................................................................... 4
1.3 Code variants ...................................................................................................... 4
2. THEORY .................................................................................................................... 6
2.1 Joint capacity formulas ....................................................................................... 6
2.1.1 General ............................................................................................................ 6
2.1.2 Basic resistance, MSL ..................................................................................... 7
2.1.2.1 Strength factor Qu ................................................................................... 7
2.1.2.2 Chord action factor Qf ............................................................................. 9
2.1.2.3 Strength check ....................................................................................... 10
2.1.2.4 Design axial resistance for X and Y joints with joint cans ................... 11
2.1.3 Basic resistance, NORSOK N-004, Revision 2 ............................................ 12
2.1.3.1 Strength factor Qu ................................................................................. 12
2.1.3.2 Chord action factor Qf ........................................................................... 13
2.1.3.3 Strength check ....................................................................................... 14
2.1.4 Basic resistance, NORSOK N-004 Revision 3 2013 .................................... 16
2.1.4.3 Strength check ....................................................................................... 18
2.1.5 Basic resistance, ISO 19902:2007 ................................................................ 19
2.1.5.3 Strength check ....................................................................................... 21
2.1.6 Basic resistance, API RP 2A-WSD, ES3 Oct. 2007 ..................................... 22
2.1.6.3 Strength check ....................................................................................... 25
2.2 Joint classification ............................................................................................. 26
2.3 Joint behaviour and ductility limits................................................................... 26
2.3.1 Joint P-D curves ............................................................................................ 26
2.3.2 MSL Ductility limits ..................................................................................... 27
2.3.3 USFOS Specific adjustments ........................................................................ 28
3. DESCRIPTION OF USE .......................................................................................... 29
3.1 General .............................................................................................................. 29
3.2 Input description ............................................................................................... 31
4. VERIFICATION....................................................................................................... 36
4.1 K-Joints ............................................................................................................. 36
4.1.1 Gamma = 10, Beta =0.8, gap/T=2.5 ............................................................. 37
Joint Capacity 2014-02-16

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4.1.2 Gamma = 10, Beta = 0.8, gap/T = -0.5 ......................................................... 40
4.1.3 Gamma = 10, Beta = 0.8, gap/T = -2.5 ......................................................... 43
4.1.4 Gamma = 25, Beta = 0.8, gap/T = 6.25 ........................................................ 46
4.2 T/Y-Joints ......................................................................................................... 49
4.2.1 Gamma = 25, Beta =0.8 ................................................................................ 50
4.2.2 Gamma = 10, Beta =0.8 ................................................................................ 53
4.3 X-Joints ............................................................................................................. 56
4.3.1 Gamma = 25, Beta =0.8 ................................................................................ 57
4.3.2 Gamma = 10, Beta =0.8 ................................................................................ 60
4.3.3 Gamma = 10, Beta =1.0 ................................................................................ 65
5. REFERENCES ......................................................................................................... 68

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1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 General
The current joint capacity check included in USFOS covers simple tubular joint and is
based on capacity formulas and description of the joint behaviour developed during the
MSL Joint Industry Projects as described in /1/, /2/. In addition to the original MSL
formulations, code variants from Norsok/3/and /6/, ISO 19902 /4/ and API RP 2A WSD
/5/ are also implemented.
1.2 MSL variants

The MSL Joint Industry Projects developed several sets of capacity formulas based on a
large database of laboratory test results.
The original MSL versions you find in USFOS includes:
Mean Ultimate
Characteristic Ultimate
Characteristic First Crack
Mean Ultimate represents the statistical mean failure of the joints tested (top of the
force-displacement curve, "the most probable failure load").
Characteristic Ultimate is based on the same data, but the as the title say, the capacity is
reduced in order to account for the spreading in the test results.
Characteristic First Crack is in most cases equal to "Characteristic Ultimate" but is
further reduced in some cases in order to avoid degradation of the joint for repeated
loading. This version is recommended for structures subjected to repeated load actions,
e.g. wave loading.
1.3 Code variants

Note that the first crack characteristic capacity equations in the code variants are
implemented in USFOS excluding the safety factors given in the codes. The additional
safety level required by the code for the various limit states analysed must in USFOS be
included on the load side (by increasing the applied loads).
Norsok N-004 Revison 2, ISO: The MSL capacity check formulas have been adopted
and adjusted by Norsok (rev 2) and ISO. The code variants are based on the MSL First
Crack capacity formulas. The (Qu) expressions are nearly identical, but the correction
factor for chord utilisation differs from MSL. Also the interaction between axial force, in-

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plane and out-of-plane bending differs, the code variants put more weight on the out-of
plane bending component.
API RP 2A: The formulas are also based on the MSL database, however, the database
used to develop the latest joint capacity equations for API RP2A are extended using
results from FE analyses. API RP2A (21st edition) is currently (2009) the most updated
code with respect to joint capacity.
Norsok N-004 Revision 3: The code is aligned with APIRP2A (2009) with some
exceptions: -The basic capacity for X joints in axial tension follows OMAE2008-57650
/7/. In addition the expressions for chord utilisation factors are adjusted for X-joints.

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2. THEORY
2.1 Joint capacity formulas
2.1.1 General
The validity range for capacity equations given in Chapter 2 and implemented in USFOS
are as follows:
0.2 1.0
10 50
30 90
fy 500 MPa
g
0.6 (for K joints)
D
The above geometry parameters are defined as
d D t
= , = , =
D 2T T
Where d = brace diameter, D = Chord diameter, t = brace wall thickness, T = Chord

thickness and g = gap between the two braces (for K-joints).
t
d
T

crown crown
T
D
saddle
D
L

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dA
dB
dA dC
BRACE A dB B
tA A tB C
tB
tA tC
BRACE B
g
B
T A C
A
T B
D
D
g AB g BC
Figure 2-1 Definition of joint geometry parameters
2.1.2 Basic resistance, MSL

The resistances for simple tubular joints are defined as follows:
f yT 2
N Rd = Qu Qf
sin
f yT 2d
M Rd = Qu Qf
sin
Where
NRd = the joint axial resistance
MRd = the joint bending moment resistance
fy = the yield strength of the chord member at the joint
For braces with axial forces with a classification that is a mixture of K, Y and X joints, a
weighted average of NRd based on the portion of each in the total action is used to
calculate the resistance.
2.1.2.1 Strength factor Qu

Qu varies with the joint and action type, as given in Table 2-1 to Table 2-3.

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Table 2-1 Values for Qu, MSL Mean Ultimate
Brace action
Joint Axial Tension Axial Compression In-plane Out-of-plane
Classification Bending bending
K 1.3(1.9 + 19 ) Q0.5
Qg Qyy 1.3(1.9 + 19 )Q0.5 5.5 0.5
Qg Qyy
2
4.2 0.5
Y 42.3 + 17.6 1.27(1.9 + 19 )Q 0.5
5.5 0.5 4.2 0.5
2
X 37.3 + 6.6 for 0.9 1.16(2.8 + 14 )Q 5.5 0.5

2
4.2 0.5
40 + ( - 0.9 )(37.6 364) for > 0.9
Mean Ultimate represents the statistical mean failure of the joints tested (top of the
force-displacement curve, "the most probable failure load").
Table 2-2 Values for Qu, MSL Characteristic Ultimate

Brace action
Joint Axial Tension Axial In-plane Out-of-plane
Classification Compression Bending bending
K (1.9 + 19 ) Q 0.5
Q g Q yy (1.9 + 19 )Q0.5 QgQyy 4.5 0.5 2
3.2 0.5
Y 42 4.1 (1.9 + 19 )Q0.5

4.5 0.5 3.2 0.5
2
X 41 2.2 for 0.9 (2.8 + 14 )Q 4.5 0.5

2
3.2 0.5
35 + ( - 0.9 )(32 285) for > 0.9
Characteristic Ultimate is based on the same data as for Mean Ultimate, the capacity is
reduced in order to account for the spreading in the test results.
Table 2-3 Values for Qu, MSL Characteristic First Crack
Brace action
K (1.9 + 19 ) Q 0.5
Q g Q yy (1.9 + 19 )Q0.5 QgQyy 4.5 0.5 2
3.2 0.5
Y 30 (1.9 + 19 )Q0.5
4.5 0.5 3.2 0.5
2
X 23 for 0.9 (2.8 + 14 )Q 4.5 0.5

2
3.2 0.5
21 + ( - 0.9 )(17 220) for > 0.9
Characteristic First Crack is in most cases equal to "Characteristic Ultimate" but is
further reduced in some cases in order to avoid degradation of the joint for repeated
loading. This version is recommended for structures subjected to repeated load actions,
e.g. wave loading.
Q is a geometric factor defined by:


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0.3
Q = for > 0.6
(1 0.833 )
Q = 1.0 for 0.6
Qg is a gap factor defined by:

0 .5
g g
Q g = 1.9 for 2.0, but Q g 1.0
D T
g
Q g = 0.13 + 0.65 0.5 for 2.0
T
t f y,b
where =
T f y,c
fy,b = yield strength of brace (or brace stub if present)

fy,c = yield strength of chord (or chord can if present)
Qg = linear interpolated value between the limiting values of the above expressions for
g
2.0 2.0
T
Qyy is an angle correction factor defined by:
Q yy = 1.0 when t 4 c 90
110 + 4 c t
Q yy = when t > 4 c 90
200
where c and t is the angle between the compression / tension brace and the chord
respectively.
2.1.2.2 Chord action factor Qf

Qf is a factor to account for the presence of factored actions in the chord.
Q f = 1.0 U 2
where:
= 0.030 for brace axial tension or compression
= 0.045 for brace in-plane bending moment
= 0.021 for brace out-of-plane bending moment

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The parameter U is defined as follows:
2 2 2 0.5
1 P M M
U= C1 + C 2 + C 2
q N P M P ipb M P opb

where:
P = axial load in chord
M = bending moment in chord, (ipb and opb)
NP = axial capacity of chord
MP = bending capacity of chord
C1, C2 = coefficients depending on joint and load type
q = assessment factor of safety, not to be taken greater than unity
Table 2-4 Values for C1 and C2, MSL

Joint Classification C1 C2
T/Y joints under brace axial loading 25 11
DT/X joints under brace axial loading 25 43
K joints under balanced loading 14 43
All joints under brace moment loading 25 43
The chord thickness at the joint should be used in the above calculations. The highest
value of U for the chord on either side of the brace intersection should be used. Apart
from X joints with > 0.9, Qf may be set to unity if the magnitude of the chord axial
tension stress is greater than the maximum combined stress due to chord moments.
2.1.2.3 Strength check

Joint resistance shall satisfy the following interaction equation for axial force and/or
bending moments in the brace:
2 2
N Sd M y,Sd M z,Sd
+ + 1
N Rd M y,Rd M z, Rd
Where:
NSd = axial force in the brace member
My,Sd = in-plane bending moment in the brace member
Mz,Sd = out-of-plane bending moment in the brace member
My,Rd = in-plane bending resistance
Mz,Rd = out-of-plane bending resistance

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2.1.2.4 Design axial resistance for X and Y joints with joint cans
For Y and X joints with axial force and where a joint can is specified, the joint design
resistance should be calculated as follows:
2
T
N Rd = r + (1 - r ) n N
Tc can,Rd

Where
Ncan,Rd = NRd based on chord can geometric and material properties
Tn = nominal chord member thickness
Tc = chord can thickness
DT/X Joints:
r = Lc/(2.5D) for joints with 0.9
= [(4 3) Lc / (1.5D)]for joints with > 0.9
Y/T Joints:
= [(5 / 3 1) Lc / D]for joints with > 0.9
Lc = effective total length of chord can, excluding taper, see Figure 2-2
In no case shall r be taken as greater than unity.
Figure 2-2 Calculation of Lc

The reduction for short can sections is currently not implemented in USFOS, and
should be accounted for when selecting effective can section thickness.

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2.1.3 Basic resistance, NORSOK N-004, Revision 2

f yT 2
N Rd = Qu Qf
sin
f yT 2d
M Rd = Qu Qf
sin
Where

Qu varies with the joint and action type, as given in Table 2-3.
Table 2-5 Values for Qu
Brace action
K (1.9 + 19 ) Q0.5
Qg (1.9 + 19 )Q0.5 Qg 4.5 0.5
2
3.2 0.5
Y 30 (1.9 + 19 )Q0.5
4.5 0.5 3.2 0.5
2
X 23 for 0.9 (2.8 + 14 )Q 4.5 0.5

2
3.2 0.5
21 + ( - 0.9 )(17 220) for > 0.9

0.3
Q = for > 0.6
(1 0.833 )
Q = 1.0 for 0.6

0 .5
g g
Q g = 1.9 for 2.0, but Q g 1.0
D T

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g
Q g = 0.13 + 0.65 0.5 for 2.0
T
t f y,b
where =
T f y,c

g
2.0 2.0
T

Q f = 1.0 U 2
Where:

2 2 2 0.5
P M M
U = C1 + C 2 + C 2
N P M P ipb M P opb
where:
Table 2-6 Values for C1 and C2, NORSOK N-004 r2


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value of U for the chord on either side of the brace intersection should be used.

2
N Sd M y,Sd M
+ + z,Sd 1
N Rd M y,Rd M z, Rd
where:
2
T
N Rd = r + (1 - r ) n N
Tc can,Rd

Where
Ncan,Rd= NRd based on chord can geometric and material properties
Lc = effective total length of chord can, excluding taper, see Figure 2-3.

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2.1.4 Basic resistance, NORSOK N-004 Revision 3 2013

f yT 2
N Rd = Q uQf
sin
f yT 2d
M Rd = QuQf
sin
Where
fy = the yield strength of the chord member at the joint (or 0.8 of the tensile
strength, if less)

Brace action
K (16 + 1.2)1.2 Qg (16 + 1.2)1.2 Qg (5+ 0.7 )1.2 2.5 + (4.5 + 0.2 ) 2.6
but 401.2 Q but 401.2 Q
g g
Y 30 2.8 + (20 + 0.8)1.6 (5+ 0.7 )1.2 2.5 + (4.5 + 0.2 ) 2.6
but 2.8 + 361.6
X 2 [2.8 + (12 + 0.1 ) ]Q (5+ 0.7 )1.2 2.5 + (4.5 + 0.2 ) 2.6
6.4 ( 0.6 )

0.3
Q = for > 0.6
(1 0.833 )
Q = 1.0 for 0.6
Qg = 1 + 0.2[1 2.8 g D]3 for g D 0.05 , but Qg 1.0

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Q g = 0.13 + 0.65 0.5 for g D -0.05
t f y,b
where =
T f y,c

0.05 g D 0.05

P M
Qf = 1.0 + C1 C2 ipb C3 A2
N M
p p
The parameter A is defined as follows:

0.5
P 2 M ipb 2 M opb 2
A = + +
N P M P M P
and:
Mipb = inplane bending moment in chord
Mopb = out of plane bending moment in chord
C1 = coefficient depending on joint and load type, see Table 2-12

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Table 2-8 Values for C1 C2 and C3

Joint Classification C1 C2 C3
T/Y joints under brace axial loading 0.3 0 0.8
DT/X joints under brace axial loading,
compression b0.9* 0.2 0 0.5
b=1* -0.2 0 0.2
DT/X joints under brace axial loading, tension
b0.9* 0.0 0 0.4
b=1* 0.2 0 0.2
K joints under balanced loading 0.2 0.2 0.3
All joints under brace moment loading 0.2 0.0 0.4
*) Linear interpolation for 0.9 b 1.0
The chord thickness at the joint should be used in the above calculations. The average of
the chord loads and bending moments on either side of the brace intersection should be
used. Chord axial load is positive in tension, chord in-plane bending moment is positive
when it produces compression on the joint footprint.

2
N Sd M y,Sd M
+ + z,Sd 1
N Rd M y,Rd M z, Rd
where:
2
T
N Rd = r + (1 - r ) n N
Tc can,Rd


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where
Ncan,Rd = NRd based on chord can geometric and material properties

2.1.5 Basic resistance, ISO 19902:2007

f yT 2
N Rd = Qu Qf
sin
f yT 2d
M Rd = Qu Qf
sin
Where

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Brace action
K (1.9 + 19 ) Q0.5
Qg (1.9 + 19 )Q0.5 Qg 4.5 0.5
2
3.2 0.5
Y 30 (1.9 + 19 )Q0.5 4.5 0.5 3.2 0.5
2
X 23 for 0.9 (2.8 + (12 + 0.1 ) )Q 4.5 0.5

2
3.2 0.5
20.7 + ( - 0.9 )(17 220) for > 0.9

0.3
Q = for > 0.6
(1 0.833 )
Q = 1.0 for 0.6

0.5
0.5 g g
Q g = 1.9 0.7 for 2.0, but Q g 1.0
T T
g
Q g = 0.13 + 0.65 0.5 for 2.0
T
t f y,b
where =
T f y,c

g
2.0 2.0
T


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Q f = 1.0 U 2
Where:

2 2 2 0.5
P M M
U = R ,q C1 + C 2 + C 2
N P M P ipb M P opb
where:
Rq = is the partial resistance factor for yield ( set to 1.0 in USFOS)
Table 2-10 Values for C1 and C2, ISO 19902:2007
value of U for the chord on either side of the brace intersection should be used.

2
N Sd M y,Sd M
+ + z,Sd 1
N Rd M y,Rd M z, Rd
where:

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2
T
N Rd = r + (1 - r ) n N
Tc can,Rd

where

2.1.6 Basic resistance, API RP 2A-WSD, ES3 Oct. 2007


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f yT2
N Rd = Qu Qf
FS sin
f yT 2d
M Rd = Qu Qf
FS sin
Where
fy = the yield strength of the chord member at the joint (or 0.8 of the tensile
strength, if less)
FS = is the safety factor (Default set to 1.0 in USFOS for characteristic
capacity)

Brace action
K (16 + 1.2)1.2 Qg (16 + 1.2)1.2 Qg (5+ 0.7 )1.2 2.5 + (4.5 + 0.2 ) 2.6
but 401.2 Q but 401.2 Q
g g
Y 30 2.8 + (20 + 0.8)1.6 (5+ 0.7 )1.2 2.5 + (4.5 + 0.2 ) 2.6
but 2.8 + 361.6
X 23 for 0.9 [2.8 + (12 + 0.1 ) ]Q (5+ 0.7 )1.2 2.5 + (4.5 + 0.2 ) 2.6
20.7 + ( - 0.9 )(17 220) for > 0.9

0.3
Q = for > 0.6
(1 0.833 )
Q = 1.0 for 0.6
Qg = 1 + 0.2[1 2.8 g D]3 for g D 0.05 , but Qg 1.0
Q g = 0.13 + 0.65 0.5 for g D -0.05

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t f y,b
where =
T f y,c

0.05 g D 0.05

FS P FS M ipb
Qf = 1.0 + C1 C2 C3 A2
N M
p p
The parameter A is defined as follows:

0.5
FS P 2 FS M ipb 2 FS M opb 2
A = + +
N P M P M P
and:
Mipb = inplane bending moment in chord
Mopb = out of plane bending moment in chord
FS = is the safety factor (Default set to 1.0 in USFOS for characteristic
capacity)
Table 2-12 Values for C1 C2 and C3

Joint Classification C1 C2 C3
T/Y joints under brace axial loading 0.3 0 0.8
DT/X joints under brace axial loading b0.9* 0.2 0 0.5
b=1* -0.2 0 0.2
K joints under balanced loading 0.2 0.2 0.3
All joints under brace moment loading 0.2 0.0 0.4
*) Linear interpolation for 0.9 b 1.0

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The chord thickness at the joint should be used in the above calculations. The average of
the chord loads and bending moments on either side of the brace intersection should be
used. Chord axial load is positive in tension, chord in-plane bending moment is positive
when it produces compression on the joint footprint.

2
N Sd M y,Sd M
+ + z,Sd 1
N Rd M y,Rd M z, Rd
where:
2
T
N Rd = r + (1 - r ) n N
Tc can,Rd

where

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2.2 Joint classification
The joints are classified based on the axial force flow in the joint. This means that a brace
in a joint with a K-joint topology can be classified as a T-joint if only one of the braces
carry axial loads. Typically braces in complex joints will be classified as partly K, X and
T joints. The ultimate capacity of each individual brace is based on the classification.
The joint classification may change during an analysis if the axial force flow changes.
2.3 Joint behaviour and ductility limits
2.3.1 Joint P-D curves

The following expressions show the original MSL proposed relationship between the
joint force/moments and joint displacements/rotations as described in /2/.
2

1
P = Pu 1 A1 1 + exp B
A Q F D
f y
2

1
M = M u 1 A1 1 + exp B

A Q f F y


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Table 2-13 Coefficients A and B

Joint Load Type Coefficient
Type A B
T/Y Compression 3
(( 4) sin ) / 62 600 + 13500
Tension 0.001 12000 + 1200
IPB 0.001 9700 + 6700
OPB 0.001 8600 + 1200
DT/X Compression ( + 10) / 100 90000 0.4
Tension 0.001 3900 + 5000 for 0.9
6000000
8510 + ( 0.9) 80000

for 0.9 < 1.0
IPB 0.001 9700 + 6700
OPB 0.001 8600 + 1200
K Balanced axial ( 7) / 18 (13 + 4 )
where = 0.1 where = 320 450
but 0.025 < < 0.25 but 170 320
IPB 0.001 9700 + 6700
OPB 0.001 8600 + 1200
P, M = brace load at joint
Pu, Mu = mean strength
= strength scaling factor (Pchar/Pu)
= joint deformation (pr brace)
= joint rotation (radians, pr brace)
D = chord diameter
A = constant for given joint geometry and load type
B = dimensional constant in units of MPa for given joint geometry and load type
= D/(2T) chord diameter / (2 chord wall thickness)
= (g/D) gap between brace toes / chord diameter
2.3.2 MSL Ductility limits

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Table 2-14 show the MSL proposed ductility limits as described in /2/.
Table 2-14 Ductility limits for axial deflection
Joint Type Mean Characteristic
X
= 0.13 0.11 = 0.089 0.075
D D
T/Y
= 0.076 = 0.044
D D
K
= 0.026 = 0.015
D D
In USFOS, the ductility limit is implemented by reducing the axial joint capacity to a
small number for deformations larger than the ductility limit.
No formulations are identified for mean and characteristic fracture criteria related to other
degrees of freedom.
2.3.3 USFOS Specific adjustments
The Joint load-deformation curves described in 2.3.1 are developed with the mean
capacity in mind. The scaling factor is intended to scale the curve when characteristic
capacities are used, in a way that preserves the initial joint stiffness. However in some
cases the produced curves are much softer near the characteristic capacity and the
ductility limit is reached before the characteristic capacity. In order to avoid this, the B
factors are increased for axial tension for the Norsok, API and ISO variants. B = B 1.5 is
used.

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3. DESCRIPTION OF USE
3.1 General
When using the USFOS CHJOINT record, additional elements are inserted in the FE-
model, see Figure 3-1 The elements have properties representing both the stiffness and
capacity of the tubular joint braces according to the selected rule.
Beam Beam
Two extra nodes

Two extra
elements
Beam
Beam
Conventional joint model Joint with capacity check included

Figure 3-1 Tubular joint representation
A sample input for the joint given in Figure 3-2 is shown in

Table 3-1.
Section 3.2 describes the most relevant input records in order to include joint check in an
USFOS analysis.

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Figure 3-2 Tubular Joint
Table 3-1 Joint check input

' nodex chord1 chord2 geono CapRule CapLevel
CHJOINT 12 14 15 0 MSL FCrack
'
JNTCLASS 1 ! 0=OFF 1=ON

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3.2 Input description

Below is given a selection of the most relevant input records in order to include joint
check in an USFOS analysis.
CHJOINT nodex elnox1 elnox2 geono irule

Parameter Description Default
nodex External node number referring to the joint where shell effects should be
considered
elnox1 External element number defining one of the two elements connected to
the node
elnox2 External element number defining the second CHORD element
geono Geometry reference number defining the diameter and thickness of the 0
chord at the joint (canned joint). If omitted or equal to 0, the data for
elnox1 is used.
irule Capacity rule switch:
irule = MSL : MSL non-linear joint characteristics, (see next pages). Norsok
irule = NORSOK : Norsok N-004, rev 2 non-linear joint characteristics.
irule = NOR_R3 : Norsok N-004, rev 3 non-linear joint characteristics
irule = ISO: ISO 19902:2007 non-linear joint characteristics.
irule = API-WSD: API RP 2A WSD ES3 (non-linear joint characteristics.
Historic, not recommended:

irule = -1 : API-LRFD (no more data required)
irule = -2 : DoE (no more data required)
irule = -3 : User defined capacity and surface definition, more data
required, (see next pages).
Irule = -101 : User defined Joint Springs, more data required, (see next
pages).
With this record, the capacity of each brace/chord connection at the tubular joint will be checked
according to a selected joint capacity formulation.
This check will impose restrictions on the load transfer through each brace/chord connection at the
specified joint.
The generated capacities are printed in the '.jnt' or the .out file (Historic options), and the peak
capacities will be printed using the Verify/Element/Information option in Xact.

32
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Beam Beam
Two extra nodes

Two extra
elements
Beam
Beam
Conventional joint model Joint with capacity check included

33
________________________________________________________________________
CHJOINT nodex elnox1 elnox2 geono CapRule CapLevel Qf_SafetyCoeff
nodex External node number referring to the joint where joint capacity and non-
linear joint behaviour should be considered
elnox1 External element number defining one of the two CHORD elements
connected to the node
elnox2 External element number defining the second CHORD element
geono Geometry reference number defining the diameter and thickness of the
chord at the joint (canned joint). If omitted or equal to 0, the data for
elnox1 is used.
CapRule Capacity rule:
MSL: MSL non-linear joint characteristics
CapLevel Capacity level or capacity multiplier. mean

mean : use mean ultimate joint capacities
char : use characteristic ultimate joint capacities
fcrack : use characteristic first crack joint capacities
scalfact : joint capacities are set to mean value capacities

multiplied by scalfact, (where scalfact is a positive real number).
This option is only available with the MSL joint formulation.
Qf_Safety The Qf factor for joint capacities includes a safety factor (or partial safety coefficient) in the chord 1.0
stress utilization factor.
Coeff
With this record, the capacity of each brace/chord connection at the tubular joint will be checked according to a selected joint capacity
equation
This check will impose restrictions on the load transfer through each brace/chord connection at the specified joint, and the non-linear
joint characteristics will be included in the USFOS analysis.
Extra elements will be introduced in the FE model, and the behavior of these elements assigned according to the selected joint capacity
rule or specified joint capacity, and the FE formulation selected for the joint elements.
The joint capacity rule or joint capacity is specified by the CHJOINT record(s).
The FE formulation for the joint elements is selected automatically. (JNT_FORM record is not needed to specify).
-

34
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JOINTGAP Gap NodeID Brace1 Brace2
Gap Actual Gap specified in current length unit

NodeID Actual Joint, (CHJOINT must be specified for this joint)
Brace_i The actual gap should be applied to the Braces (Elem IDs) specified.
. NOTE 1: If no node is specified, all joints defined get the actual gap.
. NOTE 2: If no braces are specified, all braces get the actual gap.
With this record the user may override the gaps between braces, which are computed based on the
structural model, (member coordinates and offsets).
This is a useful option if the structural model does not describe correct gaps (f ex a model without
member eccentricities/offsets).
This record may be repeated.
Gap (NodID)
Example 1: JOINTGAP 0.050
This will force a gap = 0.050 to be used in all relevant capacity calculations for all joints with
CHJOINT applied (does not influence T/Y capacities).
Gap NodID
JOINTGAP 0.070 1010
JOINTGAP 0.070 2010
JOINTGAP 0.070 3010
This will force a gap = 0.050 to be used in all relevant capacity calculations for all joints except for
joints 1010, 2010 and 3010, which will use a gap of 0.070.
Gap NodID Brace1 Brace2 Brace3

JOINTGAP 0.070 1010 20100 20101 20102
This will force a gap = 0.050 to be used in all relevant capacity calculations for all joints except for
joint 1010, where the braces 20100, 20101 and 20102, which will use a gap of 0.070. The other
braces connected to joint 1010 will use a gap of 0.050.
Gap NodID Brace1 Brace2 Brace3

Example 4: JOINTGAP 0.070 1010 20100 20101 20102
This will force a gap=0.070 to be used for joint 1010, braces 20100, 20101 and 20102. The other
braces connected to joint 1010 as well as all other joints with ChJoint specified will use the gap
computed on basis on the structural model (coordinates and eventual offsets).

35
________________________________________________________________________
JNTCLASS interval
interval Joints will be (re)classified according to geometry and force state at 1

specified intervals during the analysis. The joint capacities will be
updated according to the revised classification, P- curves for each joint
degree of freedom and the Qf factor will be updated.
0 : No joint classification.
1 : Continuous joint (re)classification. Joint capacities, non-
linear joint characteristics and the Qf factor will be updated
at every step in the USFOS analysis.
n >1 : Joints will be (re)classified at every nth step. Joint
capacities, non-linear joint characteristics and the Qf factor
will be updated at every nth step in the USFOS analysis.
If the record is not given, the default value of one (classified every step) is used for the
MSL, Norsok, ISO and API-WSD variants.
This record is given once

36
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4. VERIFICATION
4.1 K-Joints
P
P
Ax
gap
Figure 4-1 Simple K-Joint with gap

37
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4.1.1 Gamma = 10, Beta =0.8, gap/T=2.5

Table 4-1 Joint data
Input Value
Joint type K
Geometry [mm]
db 320
tb 20
Dc 400
Tc 20
theta 90
gap 50
Material [MPa]
fyb 350
fy 350
Chord loads [N]
-Axial -1.30E+06
Chord Capacity
Np 8.357E+06
Mp 1.012E+09
Table 4-2 Expected capacities [N, mm]

Results for K
Joint Type:
MSL Mean MSL Char MSL NORSOK ISO API NORSOK

Fcrack R2 R3
Nrd.c 5.103E+06 3.925E+06 3.925E+06 3.925E+06 3.934E+06 3.164E+06 3.164E+06

Qf 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.95 0.95
Nrd.c*Qf 5.017E+06 3.859E+06 3.859E+06 3.831E+06 3.868E+06 2.999E+06 2.999E+06
Nrd.t 5.103E+06 3.925E+06 3.925E+06 3.925E+06 3.934E+06 3.164E+06 3.164E+06

Qf 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.95 0.95
Nrd.t*Qf 5.017E+06 3.859E+06 3.859E+06 3.831E+06 3.868E+06 2.999E+06 2.999E+06
Mipb 6.233E+08 5.100E+08 5.100E+08 5.100E+08 5.100E+08 4.113E+08 4.113E+08

Qf 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.94 0.94
Mipb*Qf 5.953E+08 4.871E+08 4.871E+08 4.871E+08 4.871E+08 3.883E+08 3.883E+08
Mopb 3.931E+08 2.995E+08 2.995E+08 2.995E+08 2.995E+08 2.750E+08 2.750E+08

Qf 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.94 0.94
Mopb*Qf 3.849E+08 2.932E+08 2.932E+08 2.932E+08 2.932E+08 2.596E+08 2.596E+08

38
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Table 4-3 USFOS results [N, m]
NODE Capacity Chord Chord Chord

ID rule diameter thickness yield str.
12 MSL mean 4.000E-01 2.000E-02 3.500E+08
Brace Angle Conn Facing Gap Axial MipB MopB

ID (deg) Type brace Cap/Qf Cap/Qf Cap/Qf
11 90 71% K 12 0.050 5.103E+06 6.233E+05 3.931E+05
29% T 3.224E+06 6.233E+05 3.931E+05
100% => 4.552E+06 6.233E+05 3.931E+05
0.99 0.97 0.99
12 45 K 11 0.050 7.113E+06 8.815E+05 5.560E+05
0.99 0.97 0.99

12 MSL characteristic 4.000E-01 2.000E-02 3.500E+08

11 90 71% K 12 0.050 3.925E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
29% T 2.538E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
100% => 3.519E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
0.99 0.97 0.99
12 45 K 11 0.050 4.720E+06 7.213E+05 4.236E+05
0.99 0.97 0.99

12 MSL first crack 4.000E-01 2.000E-02 3.500E+08

11 90 71% K 12 0.050 3.925E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
29% T 2.538E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
100% => 3.519E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
0.99 0.97 0.99
12 45 K 11 0.050 4.720E+06 7.213E+05 4.236E+05
0.99 0.97 0.99

12 Norsok N-004 Rev2 4.000E-01 2.000E-02 3.500E+08

11 90 71% K 12 0.050 3.925E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
29% T 2.538E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
100% => 3.519E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
0.98 0.97 0.99
12 45 K 11 0.050 5.263E+06 7.213E+05 4.236E+05
0.98 0.97 0.99

12 ISO 19902 2007-12-01 4.000E-01 2.000E-02 3.500E+08

11 90 71% K 12 0.050 3.925E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
29% T 2.538E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
100% => 3.519E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
0.99 0.97 0.99
12 45 K 11 0.050 5.258E+06 7.213E+05 4.236E+05
0.99 0.97 0.99

12 API RP2A-WSD 21st ES3 4.000E-01 2.000E-02 3.500E+08

11 90 71% K 12 0.050 3.164E+06 4.113E+05 2.750E+05
29% T 3.135E+06 4.113E+05 2.750E+05
100% => 3.155E+06 4.113E+05 2.750E+05
0.95 0.96 0.96
12 45 K 11 0.050 4.387E+06 5.817E+05 3.889E+05
0.96 0.96 0.96

39
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12 Norsok N-004 R3 4.000E-01 2.000E-02 3.500E+08

11 90 71% K 12 0.050 3.164E+06 4.113E+05 2.750E+05
29% T 3.135E+06 4.113E+05 2.750E+05
100% => 3.155E+06 4.113E+05 2.750E+05
0.95 0.96 0.96
12 45 K 11 0.050 4.387E+06 5.817E+05 3.889E+05
0.96 0.96 0.96

40
________________________________________________________________________
4.1.2 Gamma = 10, Beta = 0.8, gap/T = -0.5

Input Value
Joint type K
Geometry [mm]
Db 320
Tb 20
Dc 400
Tc 20
Theta 90
gap -10
Material [MPa]
fyb 350
fy 350
Chord loads [N]
-Axial -1.30E+06
Chord Capacity
Np 8.357E+06
Mp 1.012E+09

Results for K
Joint Type:

Fcrack R2 R3
Nrd.c 6.467E+06 4.974E+06 4.974E+06 4.974E+06 4.974E+06 5.761E+06 5.761E+06

Qf 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.96 0.96
Nrd.c*Qf 6.402E+06 4.924E+06 4.924E+06 4.903E+06 4.924E+06 5.541E+06 5.541E+06
Nrd.t 6.467E+06 4.974E+06 4.974E+06 4.974E+06 4.974E+06 5.761E+06 5.761E+06

Qf 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.96 0.96
Nrd.t*Qf 6.402E+06 4.924E+06 4.924E+06 4.903E+06 4.924E+06 5.541E+06 5.541E+06
Mipb 6.233E+08 5.100E+08 5.100E+08 5.100E+08 5.100E+08 4.113E+08 4.113E+08

Qf 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.96 0.96
Mipb*Qf 6.065E+08 4.962E+08 4.962E+08 4.962E+08 4.962E+08 3.946E+08 3.946E+08
Mopb 3.931E+08 2.995E+08 2.995E+08 2.995E+08 2.995E+08 2.750E+08 2.750E+08

Qf 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.96 0.96
Mopb*Qf 3.882E+08 2.957E+08 2.957E+08 2.957E+08 2.957E+08 2.638E+08 2.638E+08

41
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Table 4-6 USFOS Results [N, m]
12 MSL mean 4.000E-01 2.000E-02 3.500E+08

11 90 71% K 12 -0.010 6.467E+06 6.233E+05 3.931E+05
29% T 3.224E+06 6.233E+05 3.931E+05
100% => 5.517E+06 6.233E+05 3.931E+05
0.99 0.97 0.99
12 45 K 11 -0.010 9.958E+06 8.815E+05 5.560E+05
0.99 0.97 0.99


11 90 71% K 12 -0.010 4.974E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
29% T 2.538E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
100% => 4.261E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
0.99 0.97 0.99
12 45 K 11 -0.010 7.035E+06 7.213E+05 4.236E+05
0.99 0.97 0.99


11 90 71% K 12 -0.010 4.974E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
29% T 2.538E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
100% => 4.261E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
0.99 0.97 0.99
12 45 K 11 -0.010 7.035E+06 7.213E+05 4.236E+05
0.99 0.97 0.99

12 Norsok N-004 Rev2 4.000E-01 2.000E-02 3.500E+08

11 90 71% K 12 -0.010 4.974E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
29% T 2.538E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
100% => 4.261E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
0.98 0.97 0.99
12 45 K 11 -0.010 7.035E+06 7.213E+05 4.236E+05
0.98 0.97 0.99

12 ISO 19902 2007-12-01 4.000E-01 2.000E-02 3.500E+08

11 90 71% K 12 -0.010 4.974E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05

29% T 2.538E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
100% => 4.261E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
0.99 0.97 0.99
12 45 K 11 -0.010 7.035E+06 7.213E+05 4.236E+05
0.99 0.97 0.99


11 90 71% K 12 -0.010 5.761E+06 4.113E+05 2.750E+05

29% T 3.135E+06 4.113E+05 2.750E+05
100% => 4.992E+06 4.113E+05 2.750E+05
0.95 0.96 0.96
12 45 K 11 -0.010 8.147E+06 5.817E+05 3.889E+05
0.96 0.96 0.96

42
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12 Norsok N-004 R3 4.000E-01 2.000E-02 3.500E+08

11 90 71% K 12 -0.010 5.761E+06 4.113E+05 2.750E+05

29% T 3.135E+06 4.113E+05 2.750E+05
100% => 4.992E+06 4.113E+05 2.750E+05
0.95 0.96 0.96
12 45 K 11 -0.010 8.147E+06 5.817E+05 3.889E+05
0.96 0.96 0.96

43
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4.1.3 Gamma = 10, Beta = 0.8, gap/T = -2.5

Input Value
Joint type K
Geometry [mm]
db 320
tb 20
Dc 400
Tc 20
theta 90
gap -50
Material [MPa]
fyb 350
fy 350
Chord loads [N]
-Axial -1.30E+06
Chord Capacity
Np 8.357E+06
Mp 1.012E+09
Table 4-8 Expected Capacities [N,mm]

Results for K
Joint Type:

Fcrack R2 R3
Nrd.c 7.211E+06 5.547E+06 5.547E+06 5.547E+06 5.547E+06 6.555E+06 6.555E+06

Qf 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.96 0.96
Nrd.c*Qf 7.139E+06 5.491E+06 5.491E+06 5.467E+06 5.491E+06 6.304E+06 6.304E+06
Nrd.t 7.211E+06 5.547E+06 5.547E+06 5.547E+06 5.547E+06 6.555E+06 6.555E+06

Qf 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.96 0.96
Nrd.t*Qf 7.139E+06 5.491E+06 5.491E+06 5.467E+06 5.491E+06 6.304E+06 6.304E+06
Mipb 6.233E+08 5.100E+08 5.100E+08 5.100E+08 5.100E+08 4.113E+08 4.113E+08

Qf 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.96 0.96
Mipb*Qf 6.065E+08 4.962E+08 4.962E+08 4.962E+08 4.962E+08 3.946E+08 3.946E+08
Mopb 3.931E+08 2.995E+08 2.995E+08 2.995E+08 2.995E+08 2.750E+08 2.750E+08

Qf 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.96 0.96
Mopb*Qf 3.882E+08 2.957E+08 2.957E+08 2.957E+08 2.957E+08 2.638E+08 2.638E+08

44
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12 MSL mean 4.000E-01 2.000E-02 3.500E+08

11 90 71% K 12 -0.050 7.211E+06 6.233E+05 3.931E+05

29% T 3.224E+06 6.233E+05 3.931E+05
100% => 6.043E+06 6.233E+05 3.931E+05
0.99 0.97 0.99
12 45 K 11 -0.050 1.110E+07 8.815E+05 5.560E+05
0.99 0.97 0.99


11 90 71% K 12 -0.050 5.547E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
29% T 2.538E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
100% => 4.666E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
0.99 0.97 0.99
12 45 K 11 -0.050 7.845E+06 7.213E+05 4.236E+05
0.99 0.97 0.99


11 90 71% K 12 -0.050 5.547E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
29% T 2.538E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
100% => 4.666E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
0.99 0.97 0.99
12 45 K 11 -0.050 7.845E+06 7.213E+05 4.236E+05
0.99 0.97 0.99

12 Norsok N-004 Rev2 4.000E-01 2.000E-02 3.500E+08

11 90 71% K 12 -0.050 5.547E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
29% T 2.538E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
100% => 4.666E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
0.98 0.97 0.99
12 45 K 11 -0.050 7.845E+06 7.213E+05 4.236E+05
0.98 0.97 0.99
12 ISO 19902 2007-12-01 4.000E-01 2.000E-02 3.500E+08

11 90 71% K 12 -0.050 5.547E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
29% T 2.538E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
100% => 4.666E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
0.99 0.97 0.99
12 45 K 11 -0.050 7.845E+06 7.213E+05 4.236E+05
0.99 0.97 0.99


11 90 71% K 12 -0.050 6.555E+06 4.113E+05 2.750E+05
29% T 3.135E+06 4.113E+05 2.750E+05
100% => 5.553E+06 4.113E+05 2.750E+05
0.95 0.96 0.96
12 45 K 11 -0.050 9.269E+06 5.817E+05 3.889E+05
0.96 0.96 0.96

45
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12 Norsok N-004 R3 4.000E-01 2.000E-02 3.500E+08

11 90 71% K 12 -0.050 6.555E+06 4.113E+05 2.750E+05
29% T 3.135E+06 4.113E+05 2.750E+05
100% => 5.553E+06 4.113E+05 2.750E+05
0.95 0.96 0.96
12 45 K 11 -0.050 9.269E+06 5.817E+05 3.889E+05
0.96 0.96 0.96

46
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4.1.4 Gamma = 25, Beta = 0.8, gap/T = 6.25

Input Value
Joint type K
Geometry [mm]
db 320
tb 8
Dc 400
Tc 8
theta 90
gap 50
Material [MPa]
fyb 350
fy 350
Chord loads [N]
-Axial -1.05E+06
Chord Capacity
Np 3.448E+06
Mp 4.303E+08
Table 4-11 Expected Capacities [N,mm]

Results for K
Joint Type:

Fcrack R2 R3
Nrd.c 8.164E+05 6.280E+05 6.280E+05 6.280E+05 6.295E+05 7.232E+05 7.232E+05

Qf 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.94 0.96 0.91 0.91
Nrd.c*Qf 7.845E+05 6.035E+05 6.035E+05 5.930E+05 6.049E+05 6.589E+05 6.589E+05
Nrd.t 8.164E+05 6.280E+05 6.280E+05 6.280E+05 6.295E+05 7.232E+05 7.232E+05

Qf 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.94 0.96 0.91 0.91
Nrd.t*Qf 7.845E+05 6.035E+05 6.035E+05 5.930E+05 6.049E+05 6.589E+05 6.589E+05
Mipb 1.577E+08 1.290E+08 1.290E+08 1.290E+08 1.290E+08 1.234E+08 1.234E+08

Qf 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90
Mipb*Qf 1.412E+08 1.155E+08 1.155E+08 1.155E+08 1.155E+08 1.113E+08 1.113E+08
Mopb 8.433E+07 6.425E+07 6.425E+07 6.425E+07 6.425E+07 5.604E+07 5.604E+07

Qf 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.90 0.90
Mopb*Qf 8.021E+07 6.111E+07 6.111E+07 6.111E+07 6.111E+07 5.054E+07 5.054E+07

47
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12 MSL mean 4.000E-01 8.000E-03 3.500E+08

11 90 71% K 12 0.050 8.164E+05 1.577E+05 8.433E+04
29% T 5.158E+05 1.577E+05 8.433E+04
100% => 7.284E+05 1.577E+05 8.433E+04
0.95 0.89 0.95
12 45 K 11 0.050 1.257E+06 2.230E+05 1.193E+05
0.95 0.88 0.94


11 90 71% K 12 0.050 6.280E+05 1.290E+05 6.425E+04
29% T 4.061E+05 1.290E+05 6.425E+04
100% => 5.630E+05 1.290E+05 6.425E+04
0.95 0.89 0.95
12 45 K 11 0.050 8.879E+05 1.825E+05 9.087E+04
0.95 0.88 0.94


11 90 71% K 12 0.050 6.280E+05 1.290E+05 6.425E+04
29% T 4.061E+05 1.290E+05 6.425E+04
100% => 5.630E+05 1.290E+05 6.425E+04
0.95 0.89 0.95
12 45 K 11 0.050 8.879E+05 1.825E+05 9.087E+04
0.95 0.88 0.94

12 Norsok N-004 Rev2 4.000E-01 8.000E-03 3.500E+08

11 90 71% K 12 0.050 6.280E+05 1.290E+05 6.425E+04
29% T 4.061E+05 1.290E+05 6.425E+04
100% => 5.630E+05 1.290E+05 6.425E+04
0.94 0.89 0.95
12 45 K 11 0.050 8.882E+05 1.825E+05 9.087E+04
0.94 0.89 0.95

12 ISO 19902 2007-12-01 4.000E-01 8.000E-03 3.500E+08

11 90 71% K 12 0.050 6.280E+05 1.290E+05 6.425E+04
29% T 4.061E+05 1.290E+05 6.425E+04
100% => 5.630E+05 1.290E+05 6.425E+04
0.95 0.89 0.95
12 45 K 11 0.050 8.882E+05 1.825E+05 9.087E+04
0.96 0.89 0.95


11 90 71% K 12 0.050 7.232E+05 1.234E+05 5.604E+04
29% T 6.270E+05 1.234E+05 5.604E+04
100% => 6.950E+05 1.234E+05 5.604E+04
0.88 0.90 0.90
12 45 K 11 0.050 1.023E+06 1.745E+05 7.925E+04
0.90 0.90 0.90

48
________________________________________________________________________
12 Norsok N-004 R3 4.000E-01 8.000E-03 3.500E+08

11 90 71% K 12 0.050 7.232E+05 1.234E+05 5.604E+04
29% T 6.270E+05 1.234E+05 5.604E+04
100% => 6.950E+05 1.234E+05 5.604E+04
0.88 0.90 0.90
12 45 K 11 0.050 1.023E+06 1.745E+05 7.925E+04
0.90 0.90 0.90

49
________________________________________________________________________
4.2 T/Y-Joints
Ax
Figure 4-2 Simple T/Y-Joint

50
________________________________________________________________________
4.2.1 Gamma = 25, Beta =0.8

Input Value
Joint type T/Y
Geometry [mm]
db 320
tb 8
Dc 400
Tc 8
theta 90
gap 0
Material
fyb 350
fy 350
Chord loads [N]
-Axial -1.03E+06
Chord Capacity
Np 3.448E+06
Mp 4.303E+08

Results for T
Joint Type:

Fcrack R2 R3
Nrd.c 5.158E+05 4.061E+05 4.061E+05 4.061E+05 4.061E+05 6.270E+05 6.270E+05

Qf 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.84 0.84
Nrd.c*Qf 4.809E+05 3.787E+05 3.787E+05 3.787E+05 3.787E+05 5.254E+05 5.254E+05
Nrd.t 1.152E+06 6.608E+05 5.376E+05 5.376E+05 5.376E+05 5.376E+05 5.376E+05

Qf 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.84 0.84
Nrd.t*Qf 1.074E+06 6.162E+05 5.013E+05 5.013E+05 5.013E+05 4.505E+05 4.505E+05
Mipb 1.577E+08 1.290E+08 1.290E+08 1.290E+08 1.290E+08 1.234E+08 1.234E+08

Qf 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90
Mipb*Qf 1.417E+08 1.160E+08 1.160E+08 1.160E+08 1.160E+08 1.115E+08 1.115E+08
Mopb 8.433E+07 6.425E+07 6.425E+07 6.425E+07 6.425E+07 5.604E+07 5.604E+07

Qf 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.90 0.90
Mopb*Qf 8.035E+07 6.122E+07 6.122E+07 6.122E+07 6.122E+07 5.066E+07 5.066E+07

51
________________________________________________________________________
Table 4-15 USFOS results [N, m] (compression)

12 MSL mean 4.000E-01 8.000E-03 3.500E+08

11 90 T 5.158E+05 1.577E+05 8.433E+04
0.92 0.85 0.93


11 90 T 4.061E+05 1.290E+05 6.425E+04
0.92 0.85 0.93


11 90 T 4.061E+05 1.290E+05 6.425E+04
0.92 0.85 0.93

12 Norsok N-004 Rev2 4.000E-01 8.000E-03 3.500E+08

11 90 T 4.061E+05 1.290E+05 6.425E+04
0.93 0.87 0.94

12 ISO 19902 2007-12-01 4.000E-01 8.000E-03 3.500E+08

11 90 T 4.061E+05 1.290E+05 6.425E+04
0.93 0.85 0.93


11 90 T 6.270E+05 1.234E+05 5.604E+04
0.82 0.89 0.89

12 Norsok N-004 R3 4.000E-01 8.000E-03 3.500E+08

11 90 T 6.270E+05 1.234E+05 5.604E+04
0.82 0.89 0.89

52
________________________________________________________________________
Table 4-16 USFOS results [N, m] (tension)

12 MSL mean 4.000E-01 8.000E-03 3.500E+08

11 90 T 1.149E+06 1.577E+05 8.433E+04
0.92 0.85 0.93


11 90 T 6.593E+05 1.290E+05 6.425E+04
0.92 0.85 0.93


11 90 T 5.375E+05 1.290E+05 6.425E+04
0.92 0.85 0.93

12 Norsok N-004 Rev2 4.000E-01 8.000E-03 3.500E+08

11 90 T 5.376E+05 1.290E+05 6.425E+04
0.93 0.87 0.94

12 ISO 19902 2007-12-01 4.000E-01 8.000E-03 3.500E+08

11 90 T 5.376E+05 1.290E+05 6.425E+04
0.93 0.85 0.93


11 90 T 5.376E+05 1.234E+05 5.604E+04
0.82 0.89 0.89

12 Norsok N-004 R3 4.000E-01 8.000E-03 3.500E+08

11 90 T 5.376E+05 1.234E+05 5.604E+04
0.82 0.89 0.89

53
________________________________________________________________________
4.2.2 Gamma = 10, Beta =0.8

Input Value
Joint type T/Y
Geometry [mm]
Db 320
Tb 20
Dc 400
Tc 20
theta 90
gap 0
Material
fyb 350
fy 350
Chord loads [N]
-Axial -2.51E+06
Chord Capacity
Np 8.357E+06
Mp 1.012E+09

Results for T
Joint Type:

Fcrack R2 R3
Nrd.c 3.224E+06 2.538E+06 2.538E+06 2.538E+06 2.538E+06 3.135E+06 3.135E+06

Qf 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.84 0.84
Nrd.c*Qf 3.006E+06 2.367E+06 2.367E+06 2.367E+06 2.367E+06 2.627E+06 2.627E+06
Nrd.t 7.202E+06 4.130E+06 3.360E+06 3.360E+06 3.360E+06 3.360E+06 3.360E+06

Qf 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.84 0.84
Nrd.t*Qf 6.715E+06 3.851E+06 3.133E+06 3.133E+06 3.133E+06 2.816E+06 2.816E+06
Mipb 6.233E+08 5.100E+08 5.100E+08 5.100E+08 5.100E+08 4.113E+08 4.113E+08

Qf 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90
Mipb*Qf 5.602E+08 4.584E+08 4.584E+08 4.584E+08 4.584E+08 3.718E+08 3.718E+08
Mopb 3.931E+08 2.995E+08 2.995E+08 2.995E+08 2.995E+08 2.750E+08 2.750E+08

Qf 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.90 0.90
Mopb*Qf 3.745E+08 2.854E+08 2.854E+08 2.854E+08 2.854E+08 2.486E+08 2.486E+08

54
________________________________________________________________________
12 MSL mean 4.000E-01 2.000E-02 3.500E+08

11 90 T 3.224E+06 6.233E+05 3.931E+05
0.93 0.89 0.95


11 90 T 2.538E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
0.93 0.89 0.95


11 90 T 2.538E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
0.93 0.89 0.95

12 Norsok N-004 Rev2 4.000E-01 2.000E-02 3.500E+08

11 90 T 2.538E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
0.93 0.89 0.95

12 ISO 19902 2007-12-01 4.000E-01 2.000E-02 3.500E+08

11 90 T 2.538E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
0.93 0.89 0.95


11 90 T 3.135E+06 4.113E+05 2.750E+05
0.83 0.90 0.90

12 Norsok N-004 R3 4.000E-01 2.000E-02 3.500E+08

11 90 T 3.135E+06 4.113E+05 2.750E+05

0.83 0.90 0.90

55
________________________________________________________________________

12 MSL mean 4.000E-01 2.000E-02 3.500E+08

11 90 T 7.183E+06 6.233E+05 3.931E+05
0.93 0.89 0.95


11 90 T 4.120E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
0.93 0.89 0.95


11 90 T 3.359E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
0.93 0.89 0.95

12 Norsok N-004 Rev2 4.000E-01 2.000E-02 3.500E+08

11 90 T 3.360E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
0.93 0.89 0.95

12 ISO 19902 2007-12-01 4.000E-01 2.000E-02 3.500E+08

11 90 T 3.360E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
0.93 0.89 0.95


11 90 T 3.360E+06 4.113E+05 2.750E+05
0.83 0.90 0.90

12 Norsok N-004 R3 4.000E-01 2.000E-02 3.500E+08

11 90 T 3.360E+06 4.113E+05 2.750E+05
0.83 0.90 0.90

56
________________________________________________________________________
4.3 X-Joints
Ax
Figure 4-3 Simple DT/X-Joint

57
________________________________________________________________________
4.3.1 Gamma = 25, Beta =0.8

Input Value
Joint type X
Geometry [mm]
db 320
tb 8
Dc 400
Tc 8
theta 90
gap 0
Material
fyb 350
fy 350
Chord loads [N]
-Axial -1.03E+06
Chord Capacity
Np 3.448E+06
Mp 4.303E+08

Results for X
Joint Type:

Fcrack R2 R3
Nrd.c 4.089E+05 3.525E+05 3.525E+05 3.525E+05 3.626E+05 3.626E+05 3.626E+05

Qf 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.95 0.95 0.90 0.90
Nrd.c*Qf 3.813E+05 3.287E+05 3.287E+05 3.335E+05 3.430E+05 3.245E+05 3.245E+05
Nrd.t 8.163E+05 6.854E+05 4.122E+05 4.122E+05 4.122E+05 4.122E+05 4.934E+05

Qf 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.95 0.95 0.90 0.96
Nrd.t*Qf 7.612E+05 6.392E+05 3.843E+05 3.899E+05 3.899E+05 3.689E+05 4.757E+05
Mipb 1.577E+08 1.290E+08 1.290E+08 1.290E+08 1.290E+08 1.234E+08 1.234E+08

Qf 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90
Mipb*Qf 1.417E+08 1.160E+08 1.160E+08 1.160E+08 1.160E+08 1.115E+08 1.115E+08
Mopb 8.433E+07 6.425E+07 6.425E+07 6.425E+07 6.425E+07 5.604E+07 5.604E+07

Qf 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.90 0.90
Mopb*Qf 8.035E+07 6.122E+07 6.122E+07 6.122E+07 6.122E+07 5.066E+07 5.066E+07

58
________________________________________________________________________
12 MSL mean 4.000E-01 8.000E-03 3.500E+08

11 90 78% X 12 4.089E+05 1.577E+05 8.433E+04
22% T 5.158E+05 1.577E+05 8.433E+04
100% => 4.325E+05 1.577E+05 8.433E+04
0.93 0.90 0.95
12 90 X 11 4.089E+05 1.577E+05 8.433E+04
0.93 0.90 0.95


11 90 78% X 12 3.525E+05 1.290E+05 6.425E+04
22% T 4.061E+05 1.290E+05 6.425E+04
100% => 3.643E+05 1.290E+05 6.425E+04
0.93 0.90 0.95
12 90 X 11 3.525E+05 1.290E+05 6.425E+04
0.93 0.90 0.95


11 90 78% X 12 3.525E+05 1.290E+05 6.425E+04
22% T 4.061E+05 1.290E+05 6.425E+04
100% => 3.643E+05 1.290E+05 6.425E+04
0.93 0.90 0.95
12 90 X 11 3.525E+05 1.290E+05 6.425E+04
0.93 0.90 0.95

12 Norsok N-004 Rev2 4.000E-01 8.000E-03 3.500E+08

11 90 79% X 12 3.525E+05 1.290E+05 6.425E+04
21% T 4.061E+05 1.290E+05 6.425E+04
100% => 3.640E+05 1.290E+05 6.425E+04
0.94 0.90 0.95
12 90 X 11 3.525E+05 1.290E+05 6.425E+04
0.95 0.90 0.95

12 ISO 19902 2007-12-01 4.000E-01 8.000E-03 3.500E+08

11 90 79% X 12 3.626E+05 1.290E+05 6.425E+04
21% T 4.061E+05 1.290E+05 6.425E+04
100% => 3.719E+05 1.290E+05 6.425E+04
0.94 0.90 0.95
12 90 X 11 3.626E+05 1.290E+05 6.425E+04
0.95 0.90 0.95


11 90 79% X 12 3.626E+05 1.234E+05 5.604E+04
21% T 6.270E+05 1.234E+05 5.604E+04
100% => 4.193E+05 1.234E+05 5.604E+04
0.88 0.90 0.90
12 90 X 11 3.626E+05 1.234E+05 5.604E+04
0.90 0.90 0.90

59
________________________________________________________________________
12 Norsok N-004 R3 4.000E-01 8.000E-03 3.500E+08

11 90 79% X 12 3.626E+05 1.234E+05 5.604E+04
21% T 6.270E+05 1.234E+05 5.604E+04
100% => 4.193E+05 1.234E+05 5.604E+04
0.88 0.90 0.90
12 90 X 11 3.626E+05 1.234E+05 5.604E+04
0.90 0.90 0.90

60
________________________________________________________________________
4.3.2 Gamma = 10, Beta =0.8

Input Value
Joint type X
Geometry [mm]
Db 320
Tb 20
Dc 400
Tc 20
theta 90
gap 0
Material
fyb 350
fy 350
Chord loads [N]
-Axial -1.29E+06
Chord Capacity
Np 8.357E+06
Mp 1.012E+09

Results for X
Joint Type:

Fcrack R2 R3
Nrd.c 2.556E+06 2.203E+06 2.203E+06 2.203E+06 2.077E+06 2.077E+06 2.077E+06

Qf 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.99 0.99 0.96 0.96
Nrd.c*Qf 2.510E+06 2.164E+06 2.164E+06 2.172E+06 2.048E+06 1.989E+06 1.989E+06
Nrd.t 5.102E+06 4.284E+06 2.576E+06 2.576E+06 2.576E+06 2.576E+06 2.169E+06

Qf 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.99 0.99 0.96 0.99
Nrd.t*Qf 5.011E+06 4.208E+06 2.530E+06 2.539E+06 2.539E+06 2.466E+06 2.149E+06
Mipb 6.233E+08 5.100E+08 5.100E+08 5.100E+08 5.100E+08 4.113E+08 4.113E+08

Qf 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.96 0.96
Mipb*Qf 6.067E+08 4.964E+08 4.964E+08 4.964E+08 4.964E+08 3.947E+08 3.947E+08
Mopb 3.931E+08 2.995E+08 2.995E+08 2.995E+08 2.995E+08 2.750E+08 2.750E+08

Qf 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.96 0.96
Mopb*Qf 3.882E+08 2.958E+08 2.958E+08 2.958E+08 2.958E+08 2.639E+08 2.639E+08

61
________________________________________________________________________
12 MSL mean 4.000E-01 2.000E-02 3.500E+08

11 90 89% X 12 2.556E+06 6.233E+05 3.931E+05
11% T 3.224E+06 6.233E+05 3.931E+05
100% => 2.626E+06 6.233E+05 3.931E+05
0.98 0.97 0.99
12 90 X 11 2.556E+06 6.233E+05 3.931E+05
0.98 0.97 0.99


11 90 89% X 12 2.203E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
11% T 2.538E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
100% => 2.239E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
0.98 0.97 0.99
12 90 X 11 2.203E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
0.98 0.97 0.99


11 90 89% X 12 2.203E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
11% T 2.538E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
100% => 2.239E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
0.98 0.97 0.99
12 90 X 11 2.203E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
0.98 0.97 0.99

12 Norsok N-004 Rev2 4.000E-01 2.000E-02 3.500E+08

11 90 90% X 12 2.203E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
10% T 2.538E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
100% => 2.238E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
0.99 0.97 0.99
12 90 X 11 2.203E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
0.99 0.97 0.99

12 ISO 19902 2007-12-01 4.000E-01 2.000E-02 3.500E+08

11 90 90% X 12 2.077E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
10% T 2.538E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
100% => 2.125E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
0.99 0.97 0.99
12 90 X 11 2.077E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
0.99 0.97 0.99

11 90 90% X 12 2.077E+06 4.113E+05 2.750E+05
10% T 3.135E+06 4.113E+05 2.750E+05
100% => 2.186E+06 4.113E+05 2.750E+05
0.95 0.96 0.96
12 90 X 11 2.077E+06 4.113E+05 2.750E+05
0.96 0.96 0.96

62
________________________________________________________________________
12 Norsok N-004 R3 4.000E-01 2.000E-02 3.500E+08

11 90 90% X 12 2.077E+06 4.113E+05 2.750E+05
10% T 3.135E+06 4.113E+05 2.750E+05
100% => 2.186E+06 4.113E+05 2.750E+05
0.95 0.96 0.96
12 90 X 11 2.077E+06 4.113E+05 2.750E+05
0.96 0.96 0.96

63
________________________________________________________________________

12 MSL mean 4.000E-01 2.000E-02 3.500E+08

11 90 82% X 12 4.473E+06 6.233E+05 3.931E+05
18% T 7.173E+06 6.233E+05 3.931E+05
100% => 4.999E+06 6.233E+05 3.931E+05
0.98 0.97 0.99
12 90 X 11 4.473E+06 6.233E+05 3.931E+05
0.98 0.97 0.99


11 90 82% X 12 3.511E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
18% T 4.115E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
100% => 3.715E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
0.98 0.97 0.99
12 90 X 11 3.511E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
0.98 0.97 0.99


11 90 82% X 12 2.435E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
18% T 3.358E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
100% => 2.615E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
0.98 0.97 0.99
12 90 X 11 2.435E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
0.98 0.97 0.99

12 Norsok N-004 Rev2 4.000E-01 2.000E-02 3.500E+08

11 90 86% X 12 2.548E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
14% T 3.360E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
100% => 2.667E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
0.99 0.97 0.99
12 90 X 11 2.548E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
0.99 0.97 0.99

12 ISO 19902 2007-12-01 4.000E-01 2.000E-02 3.500E+08

11 90 86% X 12 2.548E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
14% T 3.360E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
100% => 2.667E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
0.99 0.97 0.99
12 90 X 11 2.548E+06 5.100E+05 2.995E+05
0.99 0.97 0.99


11 90 86% X 12 2.552E+06 4.113E+05 2.750E+05
14% T 3.360E+06 4.113E+05 2.750E+05
100% => 2.670E+06 4.113E+05 2.750E+05
0.95 0.96 0.96
12 90 X 11 2.552E+06 4.113E+05 2.750E+05
0.96 0.96 0.96

64
________________________________________________________________________
12 Norsok N-004 R3 4.000E-01 2.000E-02 3.500E+08

11 90 86% X 12 2.161E+06 4.113E+05 2.750E+05
14% T 3.360E+06 4.113E+05 2.750E+05
100% => 2.328E+06 4.113E+05 2.750E+05
0.98 0.96 0.96
12 90 X 11 2.161E+06 4.113E+05 2.750E+05
0.99 0.96 0.96

65
________________________________________________________________________
4.3.3 Gamma = 10, Beta =1.0

Input Value
Joint type X
Geometry [mm]
Db 400
Tb 20
Dc 400
Tc 20
theta 90
gap 0
Material
fyb 350
fy 350
Chord loads [N]
-Axial -2.51E+06
Chord Capacity
Np 8.357E+06
Mp 1.012E+09

Results for X
Joint Type:

Fcrack R2 R3
Nrd.c 4.901E+06 4.225E+06 4.225E+06 4.225E+06 3.974E+06 3.974E+06 3.974E+06

Qf 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.95 0.95 1.04 1.04
Nrd.c*Qf 4.570E+06 3.940E+06 3.940E+06 3.997E+06 3.759E+06 4.141E+06 4.141E+06
Nrd.t 5.768E+06 5.390E+06 2.240E+06 2.240E+06 2.198E+06 2.198E+06 3.567E+06

Qf 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.95 0.95 1.04 0.92
Nrd.t*Qf 5.379E+06 5.026E+06 2.089E+06 2.119E+06 2.079E+06 2.290E+06 3.289E+06
Mipb 9.740E+08 7.969E+08 7.969E+08 7.969E+08 7.969E+08 6.720E+08 6.720E+08

Qf 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90
Mipb*Qf 8.754E+08 7.162E+08 7.162E+08 7.162E+08 7.162E+08 6.075E+08 6.075E+08
Mopb 7.438E+08 5.667E+08 5.667E+08 5.667E+08 5.667E+08 5.040E+08 5.040E+08

Qf 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.90 0.90
Mopb*Qf 7.086E+08 5.399E+08 5.399E+08 5.399E+08 5.399E+08 4.556E+08 4.556E+08

66
________________________________________________________________________
12 MSL mean 4.000E-01 2.000E-02 3.500E+08

11 90 94% X 12 5.768E+06 9.740E+05 7.438E+05
6% T 8.384E+06 9.740E+05 7.438E+05
100% => 5.935E+06 9.740E+05 7.438E+05
0.93 0.90 0.95
12 90 X 11 5.768E+06 9.740E+05 7.438E+05
0.93 0.90 0.95


11 90 94% X 12 5.384E+06 7.969E+05 5.667E+05
6% T 5.301E+06 7.969E+05 5.667E+05
100% => 5.379E+06 7.969E+05 5.667E+05
0.93 0.90 0.95
12 90 X 11 5.384E+06 7.969E+05 5.667E+05
0.93 0.90 0.95


11 90 94% X 12 2.240E+06 7.969E+05 5.667E+05
6% T 4.200E+06 7.969E+05 5.667E+05
100% => 2.365E+06 7.969E+05 5.667E+05
0.93 0.90 0.95
12 90 X 11 2.240E+06 7.969E+05 5.667E+05
0.93 0.90 0.95

12 Norsok N-004 Rev2 4.000E-01 2.000E-02 3.500E+08

11 90 94% X 12 2.240E+06 7.969E+05 5.667E+05
6% T 4.200E+06 7.969E+05 5.667E+05
100% => 2.348E+06 7.969E+05 5.667E+05
0.95 0.90 0.95
12 90 X 11 2.240E+06 7.969E+05 5.667E+05
0.95 0.90 0.95

12 ISO 19902 2007-12-01 4.000E-01 2.000E-02 3.500E+08

11 90 94% X 12 2.198E+06 7.969E+05 5.667E+05
6% T 4.200E+06 7.969E+05 5.667E+05
100% => 2.308E+06 7.969E+05 5.667E+05
0.95 0.90 0.95
12 90 X 11 2.198E+06 7.969E+05 5.667E+05
0.95 0.90 0.95


11 90 94% X 12 2.198E+06 6.720E+05 5.040E+05
6% T 4.200E+06 6.720E+05 5.040E+05
100% => 2.308E+06 6.720E+05 5.040E+05
0.98 0.91 0.91
12 90 X 11 2.198E+06 6.720E+05 5.040E+05
1.00 0.91 0.91

67
________________________________________________________________________
12 Norsok N-004 R3 4.000E-01 2.000E-02 3.500E+08

11 90 94% X 12 3.567E+06 6.720E+05 5.040E+05
6% T 4.200E+06 6.720E+05 5.040E+05
100% => 3.602E+06 6.720E+05 5.040E+05
0.92 0.91 0.91
12 90 X 11 3.567E+06 6.720E+05 5.040E+05
0.92 0.91 0.91

68
________________________________________________________________________
5. REFERENCES
/1/ MSL Engineering limited: "JIP Assessment Criteria Reliability and Reserve Strength of
Tubular Joints" Doc No. C14200R018 Rev0, March 1996
/2/ MSL Engineering limited: JIP Assessment criteria, reliability and reserve strength of
tubular joints. Phase II, Tubular Joints Nonlinear modelling algorithms for frame
analysis. Final Report. Doc Ref C20400R014 rev 1 November 2000.
/3/ NORSOK: N-004 Design of Steel Structures, rev2, October 2004
/4/ ISO: Petroleum and natural gas industries Fixed steel offshore structures, ISO
19902:2007
/5/ API: Recommended Practice for Planning, Designing and Constructing Fixed Offshore
Platforms -Working Stress Design, API RP 2A-WSD, 21st edition, ES3, October 2007
/6/ NORSOK: N-004 Design of Steel Structures, rev3, 2013
/7/ A F Dier, P Smedley, G Solland, H Bang: New data on the capacity of X-joints under
tension and implications for codes, OMAE2008-57650, June 2008 Estoril, Portugal

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Joint Capacity 2014-02-16

Joint Capacity 2014-02-16

1.2 MSL variants

1.3 Code variants

Joint Capacity 2014-02-16

Joint Capacity 2014-02-16

2.1 Joint capacity formulas

Where d = brace diameter, D = Chord diameter, t = brace wall thickness, T = Chord

Joint Capacity 2014-02-16

Figure 2-1 Definition of joint geometry parameters

2.1.2 Basic resistance, MSL

2.1.2.1 Strength factor Qu

Joint Capacity 2014-02-16

X 37.3 + 6.6 for 0.9 1.16(2.8 + 14 )Q 5.5 0.5

Table 2-2 Values for Qu, MSL Characteristic Ultimate

Y 42 4.1 (1.9 + 19 )Q0.5

X 41 2.2 for 0.9 (2.8 + 14 )Q 4.5 0.5

X 23 for 0.9 (2.8 + 14 )Q 4.5 0.5

Joint Capacity 2014-02-16

Qg is a gap factor defined by:

fy,b = yield strength of brace (or brace stub if present)

2.1.2.2 Chord action factor Qf

Joint Capacity 2014-02-16

Table 2-4 Values for C1 and C2, MSL

2.1.2.3 Strength check

Joint Capacity 2014-02-16

Figure 2-2 Calculation of Lc

Joint Capacity 2014-02-16

2.1.3 Basic resistance, NORSOK N-004, Revision 2

2.1.3.1 Strength factor Qu

X 23 for 0.9 (2.8 + 14 )Q 4.5 0.5

Q is a geometric factor defined by:

Qg is a gap factor defined by:

Joint Capacity 2014-02-16

fy,b = yield strength of brace (or brace stub if present)

2.1.3.2 Chord action factor Qf

The parameter U is defined as follows:

Table 2-6 Values for C1 and C2, NORSOK N-004 r2

Joint Capacity 2014-02-16

2.1.3.3 Strength check

Joint Capacity 2014-02-16

Figure 2-3 Calculation of Lc

Joint Capacity 2014-02-16

2.1.4 Basic resistance, NORSOK N-004 Revision 3 2013

2.1.4.1 Strength factor Qu

Q is a geometric factor defined by:

Qg is a gap factor defined by:

Qg = 1 + 0.2[1 2.8 g D]3 for g D 0.05 , but Qg 1.0

Joint Capacity 2014-02-16

Q g = 0.13 + 0.65 0.5 for g D -0.05

fy,b = yield strength of brace (or brace stub if present)

2.1.4.2 Chord action factor Qf

The parameter A is defined as follows:

Joint Capacity 2014-02-16

Table 2-8 Values for C1 C2 and C3

2.1.4.3 Strength check

Joint Capacity 2014-02-16

Figure 2-4 Calculation of Lc

2.1.5 Basic resistance, ISO 19902:2007

Joint Capacity 2014-02-16

2.1.5.1 Strength factor Qu

X 23 for 0.9 (2.8 + (12 + 0.1 ) )Q 4.5 0.5