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Tutorial # 3

Gear Fundamentals
The following problems are based on questions in the following references. Some of
the questions have been converted as close as possible to very similar questions
using the module system.

1. Juvinall, R.C. and K.M. Marshek, Fundamentals of Machine Component Design. Fourth
ed. 2006: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
3. Norton, R.L., Machine Design: An Integrated Approach. Third ed. 2006: Pearson Prentice
Hall.
4. Spotts, M.F., T.E. Shoup, and L.E. Hornberger, Design of Machine Elements. Eighth ed.
2004: Pearson Prentice Hall.
5. Budynas, R.G. and J.K. Nisbett, Shigley's Mechanical Engineering Design. Eighth ed.
2008: McGraw Hill.

IF NOT GIVEN, ASSUME A PRESSURE ANGLE OF 20


GEAR FUNDAMENTALS 2

PROBLEM 1:
Calculate the tooth thickness measured along the pitch circle of a spur gear tooth with a
module of 4 mm.

PROBLEM 2:
What is the thickness of a module 6 tooth measured along the pitch circle?

PROBLEM 3:
A 22-tooth spur gear has AGMA * standard full depth involute teeth of module 6.5.
Calculate the pitch diameter, circular pitch, addendum, dedendum, tooth thickness
and clearance.

PROBLEM 4:
A 40-tooth spur gear has AGMA standard full depth involute teeth of module 2.5.
Calculate the pitch diameter, circular pitch, addendum, dedendum, tooth thickness
and clearance.

PROBLEM 5:
A 24-tooth pinion has a module of 2 mm, rotates 2400 rpm, and drives an 800-rpm gear.
Determine the number of teeth on the gear, the circular pitch, and the theoretical centre
distance.

PROBLEM 6:
Two gears with a module of 2 mm are mounted at a centre distance of 130 mm in a 4:1 ratio
reduction gearset. Find the number of teeth in each gear.

PROBLEM 7:
A pair of spur gears on 168 mm centres has a 3:1 speed reduction ratio. With a module of 4
mm, what are the numbers of teeth in each gear?

PROBLEM 8:
Two module 3 gears are to be mounted on a centre distance of 384 mm. The speed ratio is
7:9. Find the number of teeth in each gear.

* American Gear Manufacturers Association

MCEN3001 MACHINE DESIGN


GEAR FUNDAMENTALS 3

PROBLEM 9:
A pair of involute gears has base circle diameters of 60 and 120 mm.
a) If the centre distance is 120 mm, what is the pressure angle?
b) If the centre distance is reduced to 100 mm, what is the pressure angle?
c) What is the ratio of the two pitch diameters for each of the two centre distances?

PROBLEM 10:
A 20-tooth module 5 gear meshes with a 63-tooth gear. Find the value of the standard centre
distance.

PROBLEM 11:
Consider a pair of gears with the following data:
NP = 18, NG = 64, = 20, m = 3.17
Would this pair of gears work properly if the recommended minimum contact ratio is 1.2?

PROBLEM 12:
Determine the linear velocity of the rack in the following Figure if the driving pinion rotates
at 125 rpm. The pinion has 24 teeth and a module of 5.

PROBLEM 13:
A 19-tooth pinion with a module of 4 mm and 20 pressure angle is meshed with a 37-tooth
gear. Find the gear ratio, circular pitch, base pitch, pitch diameters, pitch radii, centre
distance, addendum, dedendum, whole depth, clearance, outside diameters, and contact
ratio of the gearset. If the centre distance is increased by 2% what is the new pressure angle
and increase in backlash (measured at the pinion)?

NOTE: The following relationship is used to determine the increase in angular backlash due
to error in centre distance.


= 43200 ( )
minutes of arc
Where,
= Error in centre distance
= Pressure angle
D = pitch diameter of the gear on the shaft where the backlash is measure.

(In this problem, the backlash will be measured at the pinion. Therefore, use diameter of the pinion in
this case. will be 2% of 112).

MCEN3001 MACHINE DESIGN

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