Thermoflex Basics

4/14/2012
Thermoflow, Inc.
THERMOFLEX
Basics I
Introduction & Basic Use in Design Mode
Thermoflow, Inc., 2002
THERMOFLEX
Topics
1. Introduction
2. THERMOFLEX components and fluids
3. Building a model Draw System
4. Building a model Check Drawing
5. Building a model Edit Inputs
6. Building a model Check Inputs
7. Computation & messages
8. Graphic & text outputs
April 12 (c) Copyright Thermoflow, Inc., 2002 B-2
www.petrodanesh.com ehsan.saadati@yahoo.com
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THERMOFLEX
1-1. What is THERMOFLEX ?
Fully-flexible program for heat balance modelling & engineering. Models are built
graphically, by assembling components lego-style
You can use it to build models for Combined Cycles, Conventional Steam Cycles,
Process Plants, etc; in fact, any system you can assemble from its vast library of
components
Performs both design and off-design calculations
Allows multi-run macros to explore trends
Contains powerful Logical Components to model off-design controls
In combination with PEACE (Plant Engineering and Construction Estimator), it
provides engineering details and cost estimation for many components
You can use it alone, or in combination with GT PRO, GT MASTER, or STEAM MASTER
THERMOFLEX
1-2. Applications where THERMOFLEX should be used
Detail engineering of power or process plants

Balance of plant design and optimisation
Feasibility studies of unique power or cogeneration plants, particularly those
involving integration of old and new equipment
Cogeneration with piston engines
District heating and cooling facilities
Modelling novel or unique systems (HAT cycle, Kalina Cycle, etc)
Applications where other programs may be advantageous:

GT PRO/GT MASTER are best suited for feasibility studies, conceptual
engineering, and simulation of larger GT power or cogeneration facilities
STEAM PRO/STEAM MASTER are best suited for feasibility studies, conceptual
engineering, and simulation of larger conventional steam power plants
RE-MASTER is best suited for feasibility studies of repowering of large,
conventional, steam power plants
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THERMOFLEX
Basics Tutorial - Topic 2
1. Introduction
THERMOFLEX 2-1. Main drawing screen & definitions
Menu bar
Tool bar Mode

selection
Pointing at an icon in the

Green tab summons component bar produces
PEACE components bar an enlarged image
showing its name
Each grey tab summons a
different bar, with a group of
THERMOFLEX components
Component icons
Component bar
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THERMOFLEX
2-2. Working fluids & colour coding
Type-1 Fluids (Red): Gases containing atmospheric nitrogen (N2 with Ar in the atmospheric proportions),
O2, CO2, and H2O (as vapour or as entrained liquid). This includes air or products of combustion as well as
any user-defined mixture of those substances. (A special family within this category also includes any pure gas
selected from a database of 71 gases).
Type-2 Fluids (Blue): H2O in any phase; subcooled, two-phase, superheated, or supercritical
Type-3 Fluids (Orange - green on some computers/video settings): Gaseous, liquid, and solid fuels of any
composition; standard or user-defined
Type-4 Fluids (Purple): Refrigerants, such as Ammonia (NH3), Refrigerant 22 (CHClF2), Isobutane (C4H10),
and n-Pentane (C5H12). These are also useful for low-temperature power generation cycles
Type-5 Fluids (Light Blue): Mixtures of ammonia and water, for modeling Kalina cycles
Type-6 Fluids (Brown): Brine of variable salt concentration for modeling desalination processes
Type-7 Fluids (Pink): Heat Transfer Fluids / Thermal Oils used as liquids in closed loop cooling systems
Connecting lines that handle any fluid category are black
THERMOFLEX 2-3. Rules for mixing fluids of different types
A stream may always be mixed with one of an identical fluid

Some fluids, such as Refrigerants, cannot be mixed with a different fluid type
Mixing different fluid types may occur, subject to restrictions, via certain components, such
as Mixers. The outflowing stream is of the more general fluid type, as indicated below
Type-1 Fluids (Red): Type-2 Fluids (Blue): Type-1 Fluids (Red):

N2, O2, CO2, H2O
Type-2 Fluids (Blue):
+ H2 O N2, O2, CO2, H2O
H2 O
Type-2 Fluids (Blue):
Type-3 Fluids (Orange):
Fuel of any composition,
+ H2 O Type-3 Fluids (Orange):
Fuel of any composition,
+
(Red): Type-1 Fluids
including N2, O2, CO2, H2O including N2, O2, CO2, H2O
N2, O2, CO2, H2O
Type-4 Fluids (Purple):
Refrigerants
+
Type-5 Fluids (Light Blue): Type-2 Fluids (Blue): Type-5 Fluids (Light Blue):
NH3 + H2O H2 O NH3 + H2O
Type-6 Fluids (Brown):

NaCl + H2O
+ Type-2 Fluids (Blue):
H2 O
Type-6 Fluids (Brown):
NaCl + H2O
Type-7 Fluids (Pink):

Heat Transfer Fluids
April 12
+ Type-7 Fluids (Pink):
Heat Transfer Fluids
(c) Copyright Thermoflow, Inc., 2002
Type-7 Fluids (Pink):
Heat Transfer Fluids B-8
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THERMOFLEX 2-4. Water/Steam Component Bar (30)
Most steam cycle components (except HRSG elements)

Process components
Water/Steam Source Air-cooled Condenser Process w/ Return

Water/Steam Sink Spray Condenser Water/Steam Flash Tank
Steam Turbine Cooling Tower, including: Makeup/Blowdown
Water Pump Wet Mechanical Draft Fractional Header
ST-driven Pump Wet Natural Draft Logical Header
Feedwater Heater Wet/Dry Mechanical Draft Water/Steam Splixer
Feedwater Heater w/pump Dry Mechanical Draft Steam Compressor
Deaerator Dry Natural Draft Water Turbine
Water-cooled Condenser Package Boiler
Thermo Boiler
Radiant Boiler
Steam-fed Heater
Desuperheater
Process
THERMOFLEX 2-5. Gas/Air Component Bar (28)
Gas turbines, reciprocating engines

Gas turbine cycle and HRSG elements
Gas/Air Source Duct Burner Parallel Economisers

Gas/Air Sink Gas/Air Turbine (uncooled) Evaporator
GT PRO Gas Turbine Cooled Turbine Stage Superheater
User-defined Gas Turbine Fan Superheater w/Desuperheating
Reciprocating Engine Genset ST-driven Fan Parallel Superheaters
Gas/Air Compressor Evaporative Cooler/Fogger Parallel Superheaters w/Desup
Combustor (compact) Integral Deaerator Scrubber
Combustor Economiser Saturator
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THERMOFLEX 2-6. Fuel/Brine/Others Component Bar (26)
Fuels of various types, fuel processing, and gasification

Refrigerants of various types & their basic components
Ammonia/water mixtures and basic components
Brine & desalination basic components
Fuel Source Refrigerant Source Brine Source

Fuel Sink Refrigerant Sink Brine Sink
Fuel Compressor Refrigerant Compressor Brine Pump
Fuel Pump Refrigerant Turbine Brine Evaporator
Fuel Turbine Refrigerant Pump Brine Flash Tank
Air Separation Plant Refrigerant Flash Tank
Gasifier
Sulphur Removal
Fuel Dryer
Ammonia/Water Source
Ammonia/Water Sink
Ammonia/Water Compressor
Ammonia/Water Pump
Ammonia/Water Turbine
Ammonia/Water Flash Tank
THERMOFLEX 2-7. General Component Bar (18)
Icons which handle a variety of working fluids

Flow distribution
General purpose heat exchangers
Inlet Tag Heat Adder Electric Chiller (Compact)

Outlet Tag Splitter Electric Chiller
Connector Mixer Absorption Chiller (Compact)
General Heat Exchanger-E Pipe Absorption Chiller
General Heat Exchanger-S Leakage Furnace
General Heat Exchanger-SS Moisture Separator General Air-cooled Condenser
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THERMOFLEX 2-8. Controllers Component Bar (8)
These components handle a variety of fluids

They imbue the system with flow control logic, especially
useful in modelling complex process plants at off-design
Valve Flow Priority Selector

Throughflow Splixer Flow Limiter
P/T Priority Selector Balancing Splitter
Temperature Controller Hi-Lo Limiter
THERMOFLEX 2-9. PEACE Component Bar (18)
Only usable by licensees of PEACE

Detailed, physical engineering models
Cost estimates
Pump Coil Economiser

Pipe Fin-Fan Cooler Evaporator
Feedwater Heater Absorption Chiller Superheater
Feedwater Heater w/pump Electric Chiller Integral Deaerator
Water-cooled Condenser
Wet Cooling Tower
Dry Cooling Tower
Wet/Dry Hybrid Cooling Tower
Air-cooled Condenser
Wet-surface Condenser
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THERMOFLEX
1. Introduction
THERMOFLEX
Building a Model Draw System
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THERMOFLEX 3-1. Picking & placing components
To add the superheater, click on its icon,

then move the resulting phantom box while
pressing the left mouse button, then release
to drop it where you want it. Icons always
attach themselves to the white dots on the
drawing screen.
Water/steam
Flue gases
Phantom box, appears once
you click on the superheater
in the component bar
Superheater icon, on the

Gas/Air component bar
THERMOFLEX 3-2. Connecting components
Connect
(F6)
Invoke Connect via the tool bar or

F6. Click on the starting point for
the connector, then propagate the
green square to its destination. Click
at intermediate white dots where
you want the connector to make a
right angle.
Four alternate ways to connect components:

1) Snap them together directly, noting colour and flow direction.
2) Invoke Connect and trace the connector.
3) Use the connector icon on the General component bar.
4) Use Outlet & Inlet tags from the General component bar.
Method (4) is the only way to connect from a Screen to another.
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THERMOFLEX 3-3. Rotating (transposing) a component
Transpose
(F9)
With the Gas Turbine icon

highlighted, pressing F9 or
clicking Transpose on the
tool bar flips it around.
When the Gas Turbine icon was

first dropped, it was not in the
desired orientation.
THERMOFLEX 3-4. Misplacing an icon
If you attempt an improper

connection, such as conflicting
flow directions (as in the example
shown), or a mismatch between
fluid types, you will get a warning
when you try to drop the icon.
After you OK the warning, you will
find that the icon is still live, and
you will have to reposition it to
avoid conflicts before you can
release it.
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THERMOFLEX 3-5. Connecting with tags
To connect with tags, install a

conjugate pair of tags, an inlet and
an outlet, one after the other, in
any sequence. The tags are on the
General component bar. The
program will automatically assign
them the same number, indicating
a connection. If you subsequently
Inlet Outlet highlight one and delete it, the
tag tag program will automatically delete
its conjugate, unless you wish to
retain it. A single tag without a
conjugate will be rejected upon
Check Drawing.
THERMOFLEX 3-6. Connector vs. Pipe
The connector (or pair of tags)

conveys a stream without any
pressure or enthalpy loss. If you
wish to define pressure and heat
losses, you should install a Pipe
component.
The more detailed PEACE The simple

Pipe, on the green THERMOFLEX Pipe is
Engineered (PEACE) on the General
tab, provides physical Component bar
sizing and engineering
calculations for pressure
drop, as a function of
length and number and
types of fittings. It also
provides cost estimation.
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THERMOFLEX 3-7. Deleting an object or group of objects
To delete an object, highlight it

by clicking on it, then press the
<Delete> key. To delete
several contiguous objects,
drag a box around them, then
press <Delete>. Clicking on a
connector highlights one
straight section at a time, so
dragging a box around several
sections will save you time.
THERMOFLEX 3-8. Moving a group of objects
To move a group of contiguous

objects, drag a box around
them, then drag the box with
the left mouse button pressed.
Release to drop the group at a
new location.
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THERMOFLEX 3-9. Writing comments on the screen
To write a comment, click on the pen, then click where

you wish to write. A text box appears into which you
may type.
Useful Hints:
1) You may later click on any text box and drag it
elsewhere, or change the font by selecting the
text box, then clicking on ToolsDefine Text
Label Font.
2) You can designate any text label to be the plant
description which appears when you preview a
file before loading, by selecting the text box then
clicking on ToolsDefine Text Label as Plant
Description.
THERMOFLEX 3-10. Copying a group of objects
Copy
(F8)
To copy a group of contiguous
objects, drag a box around
them, then invoke Copy via
the tool bar or F8. Drag the
box with the left mouse button
pressed. Release to drop the
copy at a new location.
Useful hints:
1) If the new location is to be another new
screen, click ScreenAdd New Screen on
the menu bar before dropping the copy. If
it is another, extant screen, Screen 3, say,
click ScreenScreen 3, before dropping
the copy.
2) If a copy of many objects is to have similar
inputs to the original, make it after you are
done editing the inputs of the original, to
save time.
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THERMOFLEX
1. Introduction
THERMOFLEX
Building a Model Check Drawing
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THERMOFLEX 4-1. The Check Drawing transition
Check Drawing
(F3)
Click on Display and uncheck

Component Numbers or
Stream Numbers to hide
them, if you wish.
When Check Drawing succeeds, the

white dots disappear, indicating you are no
longer in Drawing Mode, and cannot alter
the drawing (unless you uncheck it, also
via F3 or the tool bar button). The
program automatically numbers
components in green, and streams in red.
Connectors assume the colour designating
their fluid type. Now you are in Input
Mode, and you can edit the inputs of each
component.
THERMOFLEX 4-2. Check Drawing messages: Missing connection
Dashed
connections are
optional.
Upon invoking Check
Drawing it will advise
you of missing,
required connections.
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4-3. Check Drawing messages:

THERMOFLEX Unknown closed-loop pressure
Upon invoking Check Drawing , if a

closed loop is detected, you will be asked
to define the pressure at any point within.
Open loops use sources or sinks as
pressure anchors.
THERMOFLEX 4-4. Check Drawing messages: Unknown closed-loop fluid
Upon invoking Check Drawing , if a closed loop is detected

with a fluid needing further identification, you will be asked to
define it. In the example, the presence of a Refrigerant Pump
component tells the program that the loop contains a
Refrigerant, but not which type.
After you OK the message, you will need to invoke

Edit Inputs (F2), then click on the Refrigerants
tab to select one from the programs data base.
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THERMOFLEX
1. Introduction
THERMOFLEX
Building a Model Edit Inputs
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THERMOFLEX 5-1. Opening a components input menu
THERMOFLEX components
without PEACE cost
estimates have tabular
input menus
Edit Inputs
(F2)
Component
Mode selection
Double-clicking on a
component invokes
Edit Inputs, and
summons that
components input
menu (you must be
in input mode, grey
screen, no dots)
In design-mode,
off-design inputs
show NA
THERMOFLEX 5-2. Opening a components input menu
PEACE components, as
well as THERMOFLEX
components with PEACE
cost estimates, have
pretty input menus
Component
Mode
selection
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THERMOFLEX 5-3. Opening other input menus
The tabs provide access to input menus

that do not pertain just to one specific
component. More tabs may appear if the
model includes certain features. For
example, if a refrigerant was present, the
Refrigerants tab would be displayed.
The pull-down list,

accessible from any
components input
menu, can be used
to invoke the input
menu for any other
component
THERMOFLEX
5-4. Site menu
Any Gas/Air Source that is

declared to be Ambient has
the thermodynamic state and
composition of the site.
Any air-cooled
Ambient is the default, but
component, such as
you may open its input menu
the PEACE Air-cooled
and declare a user-defined
Condenser shown,
pressure, temperature, and
would receive air at
composition.
the site conditions if
the optional inlet port
is left unconnected.
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THERMOFLEX
5-5. Auxiliaries menu
Auxiliary loads defined here

may be declared as Additional
to the programs computation,
or as Total, instead of the
programs computation.
User-defined auxiliary
load may be defined
with a component in
proportion to plant
gross output and a
fixed component.
THERMOFLEX 5-6. Generators/Motors menu

Rating point efficiency
Pull-down list to select any may be automatically
generator or motor estimated or defined by
the user
Part-load curve may be

automatically determined or
defined by the user, via the
Performance Map button
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THERMOFLEX 5-7. Editing menus for the example shown below
For our example system, we will select a Rolls-Royce RB211 gas turbine.
Process steam production rate will be found by the program, based on
GT exhaust flow and conditions and on evaporator pinch.
We will need to define:
Process steam conditions
Deaerator pressure
Temperature (or subcooling) leaving each economiser.
Lets see how to make these inputs
THERMOFLEX 5-8. Editing menus: GT selection

For our example, double-click on the GT to open its menu. By default, it is a
Frame 6. Click on the GT Parameters button, then on the Reselect GT button.
Choose an RB211 (ID# 221), by highlighting it then clicking Select GT. Leave all
defaults in place, then return to the main screen.
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THERMOFLEX 5-9. Editing menus: Defining process conditions & flow
Define P=500 psia (35 bar),

T as available
Process steam or water may be liquid, two-phase, superheated or

supercritical. Depending on the selection, the appropriate inputs of
Items 3-4 will become enabled to define the state. When As
available is selected in our example, Items 3-4 are inapplicable.
Process mass flow rate may be entered in Item 5,
and will be attained if allowed by the rest of the If the state is defined with a desired enthalpy higher than whats
network. In our example, whatever we enter will available from the network, it wont be achieved, and a message will
be overridden, since flow rate will be dictated by appear upon calculation. If the desired enthalpy is lower than whats
the Evaporator component, so we need not bother available from the network, a desuperheater intrinsic to the Process
with this input. component will add water, at a temperature defined in Item 7. This
water is from beyond the network. To desuperheat with water from
Item 6 allows one to assign higher or lower within the network, use the more elaborate Process w/Return
priority to achieving the desired process flow, component, or insert a separate Desuperheater component.
relative to other demands in the network, such as
another Process. In our example, this is irrelevant,
since the Evaporator will dictate flow and there is
no other branch in the network to accept it.
Desuperheater Process w/Return

THERMOFLEX
5-10. Editing menus: Pipe
Define Heat Loss of 1 BTU/lb in Item 2.

Define dP/P=0.03 in Item 3.
Inputs which only

apply to off-
design mode are
not available in
design mode.
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THERMOFLEX
5-11. Editing menus: Superheater
Define T=750 F (399 C) in

Item 2.
Defaults OK
Inputs which only

apply to off-
design mode are
not available in
design mode.
Note: Gas dP/P of 0.002 is about 0.8 water, or 2 mb
THERMOFLEX
5-12. Editing menus: Evaporator
Accept 30 F (16.7 C) pinch.

Define dP/P=0.005 in Item 4.
Defaults OK
Inputs which only

apply to off-
design mode are
not available in
design mode.
Note: Gas dP/P of 0.005 is about 2 water, or 5 mb
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THERMOFLEX 5-13. Editing menus: Economisers [1] & [12]
Toggle Item 2, to define feedwater exit temperature

via its Subcooling. Accept the default subcooling of 8 F
(4.4 C) in Item 4.
Defaults OK
Inputs which only

apply to off-
design mode are
not available in
design mode.
Hint: Item 2 may be toggled by double-clicking on it, or highlighting it and using the pull-down list
THERMOFLEX
5-14. Editing menus: Integral Deaerator
Set Item 2, Deaerator Pressure, to 25 psia (1.7 bar).

Note how Item 3 changes, since water exit is saturated.
Defaults OK
Inputs which only

apply to off-
design mode are
not available in
design mode.
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THERMOFLEX 5-15. Editing menus: Other components in the example
The numbers of components whose input menus have been opened change from green to
yellow, reminding you of which have yet to be edited:
Water source [11] is at ISO conditions by default.
Water pumps [10] and [14] are left at defaults. The program will find their pressure rises.
Fuel source [3] is, by default, methane at 300 psia (21 bar) and 77 F (25 C).
Gas/Air source [6] is at ISO conditions by default.
We accept all that and invoke Check Inputs (F4).
Check Inputs
(F4)
THERMOFLEX
1. Introduction
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THERMOFLEX
Building a Model Check Inputs
6-1. Check Inputs establishes design-mode

THERMOFLEX network pressures and checks for conflicts
Starting from points of known pressure, the program propagates through pressure consumers
Pressure rise specs for pressure builders, such as pumps or fans, are overridden in design mode to suit
the known pressures and the pressure consumers
Pressure rise specs for pressure builders are used if there arent enough known pressures
If conflicts are irreconcilable, or pressures are underspecified, messages will appear
P
P
P
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THERMOFLEX 6-2. Check Inputs message for present example
In our example, Check Inputs fails, because the

program finds that the 300 psia (21 bar) fuel source
pressure is inadequate for an RR RB211 gas turbine.
We OK the message, uncheck the drawing, and insert
a fuel compressor between the source and the GT.
THERMOFLEX 6-3. Check Inputs after modifying the present example
After inserting the Fuel Compressor component [15]

with all its defaults, we invoke Check Drawing, then
Check Inputs then click on Compute.
Computation may also be launched via

the Compute button on the tool bar (F5)
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THERMOFLEX 6-4. Check Inputs: Mandatory pressure spec changes
Suppose the user had forgotten to install a boiler feedpump,

Check Inputs would find a mismatch between the Process
pressure (500 psia) and the Deaerator pressure (25 psia),
resulting in the message shown. Clicking Accept would
reduce the process pressure to the maximum consistent with
the DA pressure. Clicking Return allows one to uncheck
inputs, then install the missing feedpump.
THERMOFLEX
1. Introduction
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THERMOFLEX
Building a Model Computation & messages
THERMOFLEX 7-1. Computation messages: Advisory
After computation, the output screen appears, with a white background. In our example, there are
Advisory Messages. These are messages reporting some mismatch between inputs and results, but
not necessarily a serious problem. Reviewing them is optional, by clicking on View. For our example,
the message simply tells us that the desired process flow has been overridden. In reality, we had
never even entered a desired process flow, leaving the default 1 lb/s in place, knowing that flow
will be set by the Evaporator component and the GT exhaust gas flow rate and conditions.
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THERMOFLEX 7-2. Computation messages: Warning!
Suppose the user had tried to impose an unreasonably

high pegging steam flow rate into the deaerator at the
design-point (10 lb/s of 50 psia saturated steam were
used in the example shown). After computation, the
program will show a Warning message. Viewing it is
mandatory, it appears automatically when the first
warning message is dismissed. You may still see the
results, unreasonable as they are.
THERMOFLEX
1. Introduction
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THERMOFLEX
Building a Model View Outputs
FILE: PPTutorial.tfx
8-1. Displaying thermodynamic data for all streams
THERMOFLEX (utilitarian)
In the example shown, Component Numbers,

Text Labels, and Stream Numbers were all
unchecked, to hide them and reduce clutter.
Pressure
Temperature
Mass Flow
Click Display and check any or all of Stream Pressures,

Stream Temperatures and Stream Mass Flows to display
them. This is useful for developing the model, but may be
unsatisfactory for final presentation, since the plethora of
numbers may overwrite other objects on the screen.
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8-2. Displaying selective thermodynamic data
THERMOFLEX (presentation)
To show stream data, click

on the data cross on the
tool bar, then position the
box where you want it.
After positioning the data

tag, double-click on it to
Useful Hints:
invoke the stream
selection menu. Highlight
1) If stream numbers arent
the pertinent stream and
visible, click Display and
check the data to appear,
check Stream Numbers to
then click OK.
see them. You may hide them
when youre done.
2) You may later re-position

the data tag by dragging it.
3) You may install a tag

without associating it with a
stream, to serve as a legend.
8-3. Displaying cycle performance data
THERMOFLEX
Click Display then Cycle Performance Data to invoke
the menu where you check the data to display. The
data will appear, and will be updated automatically
when you recompute. The data may be dragged with
the mouse to a new position, or its font redefined, just
like any text label.
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THERMOFLEX 8-4. Displaying expanded component graphic
Clicking on a component in
the output screen produces
an expanded graphic.
Clicking on View within the expanded
graphic provides more information,
such as the T-Q diagram of a heat
exchanger. This diagram may be
printed, copied and pasted into another
application, or saved as a WMF file.
8-5. Exporting the main output graphic as a
THERMOFLEX WMF file to other applications
Useful Hint: The WMF file is smaller
than a bit-map and, in principle, can be
edited. In practice, its manipulation can
be frustrating, depending on your
Click on File and software environment.
select Print Preview
Click File and select Copy

Drawing then paste it to another
application as a WMF file. You
may also save it as a WMF file.
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8-6. Exporting the main output graphic as a bit-
THERMOFLEX map to other applications
Useful Hint: The bit-map is larger than
a WMF file and can only be edited as a
picture. However, it is more stable in a
variety of software environments.
With the diagram displayed, press Alt+Prnt Scrn to copy the

screen to the clipboard. Go to your other application and Paste
(Ctrl+V). You may format the pasted picture by clipping it or
changing its size, etc, using the other applications picture editor.
8-7. Displaying multi-component T-Q diagram
THERMOFLEX
Click on Output and select Multi-

HX/HRB TQ Diagram, to invoke a
menu that allows you to select the heat
exchangers and their temperature
profile display sequence.
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8-8. Text output
THERMOFLEX
Click on Output and select

Display Text Output, or use the
tool bar button. The text output
has three tabs, System Summary,
Component Results, and Stream
Table. They contain the details of
your system.
35

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4/14/2012

Thermoflow, Inc., 2002

1-1. What is THERMOFLEX ?

April 12 (c) Copyright Thermoflow, Inc., 2002 B-3

1-2. Applications where THERMOFLEX should be used

Detail engineering of power or process plants

Applications where other programs may be advantageous:

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Basics Tutorial - Topic 2

THERMOFLEX 2-1. Main drawing screen & definitions

Tool bar Mode

Pointing at an icon in the

April 12 (c) Copyright Thermoflow, Inc., 2002 B-6

2-2. Working fluids & colour coding

Connecting lines that handle any fluid category are black

April 12 (c) Copyright Thermoflow, Inc., 2002 B-7

THERMOFLEX 2-3. Rules for mixing fluids of different types

A stream may always be mixed with one of an identical fluid

Type-1 Fluids (Red): Type-2 Fluids (Blue): Type-1 Fluids (Red):

Type-6 Fluids (Brown):

Type-7 Fluids (Pink):

THERMOFLEX 2-4. Water/Steam Component Bar (30)

Most steam cycle components (except HRSG elements)

Water/Steam Source Air-cooled Condenser Process w/ Return

April 12 (c) Copyright Thermoflow, Inc., 2002 B-9

THERMOFLEX 2-5. Gas/Air Component Bar (28)

Gas turbines, reciprocating engines

Gas/Air Source Duct Burner Parallel Economisers

April 12 (c) Copyright Thermoflow, Inc., 2002 B-10

THERMOFLEX 2-6. Fuel/Brine/Others Component Bar (26)

Fuels of various types, fuel processing, and gasification

Fuel Source Refrigerant Source Brine Source

April 12 (c) Copyright Thermoflow, Inc., 2002 B-11

THERMOFLEX 2-7. General Component Bar (18)

Icons which handle a variety of working fluids

Inlet Tag Heat Adder Electric Chiller (Compact)

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THERMOFLEX 2-8. Controllers Component Bar (8)

These components handle a variety of fluids

Valve Flow Priority Selector

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THERMOFLEX 2-9. PEACE Component Bar (18)

Only usable by licensees of PEACE

Pump Coil Economiser

April 12 (c) Copyright Thermoflow, Inc., 2002 B-14

Basics Tutorial - Topic 3

Building a Model Draw System

April 12 (c) Copyright Thermoflow, Inc., 2002 B-16

THERMOFLEX 3-1. Picking & placing components

To add the superheater, click on its icon,

Superheater icon, on the

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THERMOFLEX 3-2. Connecting components

Invoke Connect via the tool bar or

Four alternate ways to connect components:

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THERMOFLEX 3-3. Rotating (transposing) a component

With the Gas Turbine icon

When the Gas Turbine icon was

April 12 (c) Copyright Thermoflow, Inc., 2002 B-19

THERMOFLEX 3-4. Misplacing an icon

If you attempt an improper

April 12 (c) Copyright Thermoflow, Inc., 2002 B-20

THERMOFLEX 3-5. Connecting with tags