Facial expressions are the most common among all nonverbal
Verbal communication. For instance, a smile or a frown conveys distinct
Verbal communication entails the use of words in delivering the
intended message. The two major forms of verbal communication
include written and oral communication.
Written communication includes traditional pen and paper letters
and documents, typed electronic documents, e-mails, text chats,
SMS and anything else conveyed through written symbols such as
language. This type of communication is indispensable for formal
business communications and issuing legal instructions.
Communication forms that predominantly use written
communication include handbooks, brochures, contracts, memos,
press releases, formal business proposals, and the like. The
effectiveness of written communication depends on the writing style,
grammar, vocabulary, and clarity
Oral Communication
The other form of verbal communication is the spoken word, either
face-to-face or through phone, voice chat, video conferencing or any
other medium. Various forms of informal communications such as
the grapevine or informal rumor mill, and formal communications
such as lectures, conferences are forms of oral communication. Oral
communication finds use in discussions and causal and informal
conversations. The effectiveness of oral conversations depends on
the clarity of speech, voice modulation, pitch, volume, speed, and
even non-verbal communications such as body language and visual
cues.
Verbal communication makes the process of conveying thoughts
easier and faster, and it remains the most successful form of
communication. Yet, this makes up only seven percent of all human
communication!
Nonverbal Communication
Nonverbal communication entails communicating by sending and
receiving wordless messages. These messages usually reinforce
verbal communication, but they can also convey thoughts and
feelings on their own.
Physical nonverbal communication, or body language, includes
facial expressions, eye contact, body posture, gestures such as a
wave, pointed finger and the like, overall body movements, tone of
voice, touch, and others.
7 Major Elements of Communication Process
by Smriti Chand Business Communication
emotions hard to express through verbal communication. Research
estimates that body language, including facial expressions, account
for 55 percent of all communication.
Paralanguage
The way something is said, rather than what is actually said, is an
important component of nonverbal communication. This includes
voice quality, intonation, pitch, stress, emotion, tone, and style of
speaking, and communicates approval, interest or the lack of it.
Research estimates that tone of the voice accounts for 38 percent of
all communications.
Other forms of nonverbal communication usually communicate
ones personality. These include:
Aesthetic communication or creative
expressions such as dancing, painting, and the like.
Appearance or the style of dressing and
grooming, which communicates ones personality.
Space language such as paintings and
landscapes communicate social status and taste.
Symbols such as religious, status, or ego-
building symbols.
Visual Communication
A third type of communication is visual communication through
visual aids such as signs, typography, drawing, graphic design,
illustration, color and other electronic resources.
Visual communication with graphs and charts usually reinforces
written communication, and can in many case replace written
communication altogether. As the adage goes a picture is worth a
thousand words, such visual communication is more powerful than
verbal and nonverbal communication on many
occasions. Technological developments have made expressing
visual communications much easier than before.
A good understanding of the different types of communication
and communication styles can help you know and deal with people
better, clear up misunderstandings and misconceptions, and
contribute to the success of the enterprise.
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Seven major elements of communication process are:
(1) sender (2) ideas (3) encoding (4) communication channel (5)
receiver (6) decoding and (7) feedback.
Communication may be defined as a process concerning
exchange of facts or ideas between persons holding different
positions in an organisation to achieve mutual harmony. The
communication process is dynamic in nature rather than a static
phenomenon.
Communication process as such must be considered a
continuous and dynamic inter-action, both affecting and being
affected by many variables.
(1) Sender:
The person who intends to convey the message with the
intention of passing information and ideas to others is known as
sender or communicator.
(2) Ideas:
This is the subject matter of the communication. This may be an
opinion, attitude, feelings, views, orders, or suggestions.
(3) Encoding:
Since the subject matter of communication is theoretical and
intangible, its further passing requires use of certain symbols
such as words, actions or pictures etc. Conversion of subject
matter into these symbols is the process of encoding.
(4) Communication Channel:
The person who is interested in communicating has to choose
the channel for sending the required information, ideas etc. This
information is transmitted to the receiver through certain
channels which may be either formal or informal.
(5) Receiver:
Receiver is the person who receives the message or for whom
the message is meant for. It is the receiver who tries to
understand the message in the best possible manner in
achieving the desired objectives.
(6) Decoding:
The person who receives the message or symbol from the
communicator tries to convert the same in such a way so that he
may extract its meaning to his complete understanding.
(7) Feedback:
Feedback is the process of ensuring that the receiver has
received the message and understood in the same sense as
sender meant it.