Anda di halaman 1dari 80

GSM Call Drop Problem

Analysis

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


Objectives

Upon completion of this course, you are supposed to be able to :


o Understand the principles of call drop

o Analyze and solve call drop problems

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


Contents

1. Principle of call drop

2. Analysis of call drop

3. Call drop cases

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


1. Principle of call drop

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


Principle of call drop

1.1 Definition of call drop

1.2 Section 2 TCH call drop

1.3 Section 3 SDCCH call drop

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


1.1 Definition of call drop

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


Definition of Call Drop

o There are two types of call drop : TCH call drop and SDCCH call drop
TCH call drop means TCH channel is released abnormally after it is occupied
successfully.
SDCCH call drop means SDCCH channel is released abnormally after it is
occupied successfully

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


1.2 TCH call drop

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


TCH call drop

o Causes of TCH Call Drop


o Formula of TCH Call Drop Rate
o Measurement Point of TCH Call Drop
o TCH Call Drop Assignment
o TCH Call Drop Intra-BSC Handover
o TCH Call Drop Incoming BSC Handover
o Measurement Point of Successful TCH Seizures
o Successful TCH Seizure Very Early Assignment
o Successful TCH Seizure Assignment
o Successful TCH Seizure Intra-BSC Handover
o Successful TCH Seizure Inter-BSC Handover

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


Causes of TCH Call Drop

o Usually, the typical causes for sending the Clear_Request


message are as follows :
Radio interface failure
O&M intervention
Equipment failure
Protocol error
Preemption

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


Formula of TCH Call Drop Rate

o Formula of TCH call drop rate


TCH call drop rate = TCH call drops / Successful TCH seizures (all)

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


Measurement Point of TCH Call Drop

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


Measurement Point of TCH Call Drop

o TCH serves as traffic channel, BSC receives ERROR INDICATION message from BTS

o TCH is seizure as traffic channel, BSC receives CONNECT FAILURE INDICATION


message from BTS

o In assignment procedure and handover procedure, failure of decoding HANDOVER


DETECTION and HANDOVER COMPLETE message

o TCH serves as traffic channel, incoming BSC handover initiated and the timer for the
target cell to wait for HANDOVER COMPLETE message expires

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


Measurement Point of TCH Call Drop

o TCH serves as traffic channel, outgoing BSC handover initiated and the timer for the
source cell to wait for CLEAR COMMAND message from MSC expires (T8 expires)

o In intra-BSC handover procedure, the target cell sends Inter Clear Request to the
source cell when the timer for the target cell to wait for HANDOVER COMPLETE from
MS expires, in this case, this item is measured in the source cell

o In Intra-BSC handover procedure, the source cell, excluding the source cell for
directed retry, measures the item when the timer for the source cell to wait for Inter
Clear Request with cause value HANDOVER COMPLETE from the target cell expires.

o In Intra-BSC handover procedure, when the target cell AM/CM net-drive fails (due to
timeout or negative acknowledgement), the target cell sends Inter Clear Request to
source cell, in this case, this item is measured in the source cell

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


Measurement Point of TCH Call Drop

o In the case that MS reverses to the original channel after intra BSC handover fails, the
source cell first releases the terrestrial connection but the AM/CM re-net-drive fails
(due to timeout or negative acknowledgement). In this case this item is measured in
the source cell.

o The resource of the lower priority call will be preempted by the higher priority call if
MSC and BSC both supports pre emption, which will cause call drop.

o This item is measured when the RSL link of the TRX that the call is using disconnects,
which will cause call drop.

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


TCH Call Drop - Assignment

M
S B
T
S B
S
C M
S
C

A
S
SI
GNM
E
N
TR
E
QU
E
ST

C
H
AN
N
EL
A
CT
IC
AT
I
ON

C
H
AN
N
EL
A
CT
IV
AT
I
ONA
C
K

A
S
SI
GNC
M
MA
N
D
S
A
BM
E
S
TA
B
LI
SHI
NDI
CAT
I
ON
U
A

E
R
RO
RI
NDI
CAT
I
ON
C
O
NN
E
CT
I
ONF
A
I
LUR
E
I
NDI
CAT
I
ON A
1

A
2

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


TCH Call Drop Intra-BSC Handover

MS BSC' BSC Ori-Cell BSC Tag-Cell BSC''

Intercell Handover Request

CH ACT
CH ACT ACK

Intercell Handover Response

HANDOVER COMMAND

HANDOVER ACCESS

HANDOVER DETECT
SABM

UA

ERROR INDICATION

A1
CONNECTION FAILURE INDICATION

A2

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


TCH Call Drop - Incoming BSC
Handover
M
S O
t
he
rB
SC H
U
AW
E
IB
SC H
U
AW
E
IB
TS M
S
C

H
A
ND
O
VE
RR
E
QU
I
RED
H
A
ND
O
VE
RR
EQ
U
ES
T
C
HA
CT
C
HA
C
TA
CK
H
A
ND
O
VE
RR
E
QU
E
ST
A
CK
H
A
ND
O
VE
R
CO
MM
A
ND

H
A
ND
O
VE
RA
C
CE
S
S
H
A
ND
O
VE
R
DE
TE
C
T
S
A
BM
U
A

E
R
RO
RI
NDI
CAT
I
ON
A
1
CO
N
NE
C
TI
ONF
A
I
LUR
E
IN
DI
CAT
I
ON

A
2

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


Measurement Point of Successful TCH
Seizures
o Measurement point of Successful TCH seizures
Upon BSCs reception of CHANNEL ACTIVATION ACKNOWLEDGE message from BTS in
very early assignment TCH process

In the case the target cell of directed retry is located in other BSC and directed retry
succeeds, MSC sends CLEAR COMMAND message to the originating BSC to release the
original connection. This item is measured when the originating BSC receives this
message

In the case the directed retry target cell is located in the same BSC and the directed
retry succeeds, target cell sends Inter Clear Request message to the source cell to
request to release the resource and the original connection. This item is measured
when the source cell receives this message.

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


Measurement Point of Successful TCH
Seizures
o Measurement point of Successful TCH seizures
This item is measured when BSC sends ASSIGNMENT COMPLETE message to MSC
after the assignment procedure is successfully implemented

In incoming BSC handover procedure, MS sends HANDOVER ACCESS message to the


BSC. This item is measured when BSC receives HANDOVER DETECT message from BTS

In the process of incoming internal inter cell handover and intra-cell handover in BSC,
MS sends HANDOVER ACCESS message to BSC. BSC measures this item in the target
cell when receiving HANDOVER DETECTION message from BTS

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


Successful TCH Seizure Very Early
Assignment
o Very early assignment process

MS BTS BSC MSC


Channel Request (RACH) Channel Required

Channel Activation (TCH or SDCCH)

Channel Activation Acknowledge

Immediate Assignment Command

Immediate Assignment (AGCH)

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


Successful TCH Seizure Assignment

o Assignment process

MS BTS BSC MSC


ASS_REQ
CH_ACT
CH_ACT_ACK

ASS_CMD
ASS_CMD
EST_IND

ASS_CMP ASS_CMP ASS_CMP

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


Successful TCH Seizure Intra-BSC
Handover
o Intra-BSC handover process
MS BTS1 BSC BTS2 MS MSC
Measurement Report from MS
Channel_Active

Channel_Active ACK
HANDOVER COMMAND
HO_ Access
HO_Detect
PHY INFO
PHY INFO
First SABM
Establish_IND
UA

Handover Complete HO_Performed

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


Successful TCH Seizure Inter-BSC
Handover
o Inter-BSC handover process
MS BTS1 BSC1 MSC BSC2 BTS2 MS
Measure Report from MS

HO_Required
HO_Request
CH_ACT
CH_ACT_ACK
HO_Request_ACK
HO_CMD
Handover Command HO_Access
HO_Detect
HO_Detect
PHY INFO
PHY INFO

Establish_IND First SABM


HO_CMP Handover Complete
Clear_CMD
Clear_CMP

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


1.3 SDCCH call drop

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


SDCCH call drop

o Formula of SDCCH Call Drop Rate


o Measurement Point of SDCCH Call Drop
o Measurement Point of Successful SDCCH Seizures

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


Formula of SDCCH Call Drop Rate

o Formula of SDCCH call drop rate :

SDCCH call drop rate = SDCCH call drops/ successful SDCCH seizures*100%

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


Measurement Point of SDCCH Call
Drop
o This item is measured when BSC receives ERROR INDICATION message from BTS due
to an abnormal case for a radio link layer connection
o This item is measured when BSC receives CONNECTION FAILURE INDICATION message
from BTS because an active connection has been broken for some reason such as
SDCCH link failure or hardware failure (see GSM 0508 for details)
o In incoming BSC handover procedure on SDCCH, this item is measured in the target
cell in the case of the failure of decoding HANDOVER DETECTION and HANDOVER
COMPLETE message
o In the process of incoming BSC handover on SDCCH, this item is measured in the
target cell when the timer for the target cell to wait for the HANDOVER COMPLETE
message expires

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


Measurement Point of SDCCH Call
Drop
o In the process outgoing BSC handover on SDCCH, this item is measured when the
timer for the source cell to wait for CLEAR COMMAND message from MSC expires (T8
expires)
o In the process of intra BSC handover on SDCCH, this item is measured in the source
cell when the timer for the source cell or the target cell to wait for HANDOVER
COMPLETE message expires
o This item is measured when the RSL link of the TRX that the call is running on
disconnect, which will cause call drop, this item measures call drop on SDCCH for RSL
disconnection

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


Measurement Point of SDCCH Call
Drop
o In immediate SDCCH assignment procedure, this item is measured when BSC receives
CHANNEL ACTIVATION ACKNOWLEDGE message from BTS
o In the process of incoming BSC handover on SDCCH. This item is measured when BSC
receives HANDOVER DETECTION from BTS
o In the process of incoming internal inter cell handover and intracell handover in
BSC.BSC measures this item in the target cell when receiving HANDOVER DETECTION
from BTS

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


Measurement Point of SDCCH Call
Drop
MS BTS BSC MSC
Channel Request Channel Required

Channel Activation (SDCCH)

Channel Activation Acknowledge

Immediate Assignment Command


Immediate Assignment
Establish Indication (L3 Info)

Connection Failure
Or:
Or: Error Indication

Abis Failure
Cell SDCCH Call Drop
(Subject to different cases)

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


2 Analysis of call drop

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


Analysis of Call Drop

o Content are :

Main causes of high call drop rate

Troubleshooting of high call drop rate

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


Analysis of Call Drop

o According to the definition of call drop measurement point, call drop is


usually caused by the following :
Radio link fault. During the communication, messages can not be received correctly

Abis link broken during conversation

Call drop during handover

Other system faults

o Timers that may cause call drops (BSC timer):


T3103 : starting from sending HANDOVER CMD and ending at receiving HANDOVER
CMP. Time out of the timer will cause call drop

T3109 : starting from sending CHAN REL and ending at receiving REL IND

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


Radio Link Fault

o Signaling process chart of radio link fault

MS BTS BSC MSC


(1)
Measurement Report
(2)
Measurement Result

Connection Failure

Clear_REQ (Radio Interface Failure)


(3)

(1) Dadicated mode is created. (SDCCH/TCH)


(2) Activate Abis monitoring function.
(3)SACCH message block can not be decoded(uplink/downlink),
resulting in radio link timeout.
www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential
Radio Link Fault

o Diagram of radio link timeout

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


Radio Link Fault

o Judgment process :
System information data

Cell data

Radio link connection timer (T3105)

Maximum times of physical information

Call drop performance measurement function

Judge from the cause of call drop

Error indication

Connection failure

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


Causes of Radio Link Fault

o The causes of radio link fault can be :


Interference

Internal interference

External interference

Equipment interference

Poor coverage

Coverage hole

Isolated island

Uplink/downlink imbalance

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


Causes of Radio Link Fault

o The causes of radio link fault can be :


Improper parameter setting

Radio link timeout, SACCH multi-frames

Handover parameters

Power control parameters

Equipment problem (Antenna, feeder, combiner, TRX)

Clock problem

Transmission problem

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


Radio Link Fault - Interference

o Category :
Co-channel interference

Adjacent-channel interference

Inter-modulation interference and other external interference

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


Radio Link Fault - Interference

o Judgment Process :
Analyze the occurrence regularity of interference band in the traffic measurement

Observe the receiving level performance

Find the poor quality handover rate

Observe receiving quality performance

Observe call drop performance

Observe whether there are many handover failures and reversion failures

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


Radio Link Fault - Interference

o Solution :
First check equipment problems

Make an drive test, check the interference area and distribution of signal quality. Find
the interference frequency

Further search for the interference source with the spectrum analyzer

Activate hopping, DTX and power control functions to lower the internal
interference of the system

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


Radio Link Fault - Coverage

o Coverage :
Overshooting

Coverage hole

Signal attenuation

Incomplete definition of adjacent cells

Imbalance of uplink/downlink

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


Radio Link Fault - Coverage

o Judgment Process :
Power control measurement function

Receiving level measurement function

Cell measurement function/inter-cell handover measurement function

Call drop measurement function

Defined adjacent cell measurement function

Undefined adjacent cell measurement function

Outgoing inter-cell handover measurement function

Up-down link balance measurement function

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


Radio Link Fault - Coverage

o Solution :
Adjust network parameters

Add BTS

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


Radio Link Fault - Parameters

o Main parameters that may affect the call drop rate :


Radio link timeout and SACCH multi-frames

RACH busy threshold and RACH minimum access level

MS minimum receiving signal level

Call re-establishment permitted

NCC permitted

Handover related parameters

Power control related parameters

Frequency planning parameters

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


T3103 Times Out

o Handover process
MS BTS1 BTS2 BSC MSC
Handover Indication

CH_ACT
CH_ACT_ACK

Handover Command
Handover Command Set T3103
Handover Access HO_Detect
Physical Information (TA)

SABM
EST_IND
UA

Handover Complete
Handover Complete
Reset T3103

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


Handover Problem

o Judgment process :
In inter-cell handover measurement function, it occurs frequently that the handover
fails and the reversion also fails

In inter-cell handover measurement function, handover failures with successful


reversions occur many times

In undefined adjacent cell measurement function, observe the receiving level of the
undefined adjacent cells and number of the measurement reports

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


Handover Problem

o Judgment process :
In outgoing inter-cell handover measurement function, the outgoing inter-cell
handover success rate is low (for a certain cell). Find the adjacent cell to which the
handover success rate is low and find the cause.

Incoming inter-cell handover success rate is low. The handover judgment parameter
setting of the target cell may be improper.

In TCH measurement function, handover times are not in normal proportion to


successful TCH seizures for call. (handovers/calls>3)

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


Equipment Problem

o Call drop arising from equipment problem


Hardware problem

Transmission problem

Antenna and feeder fault

Other causes

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


3 Call drop cases

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


Call Drop Case 1

o Fault Description :
The BTS distribution of an area is as illustrated in the diagram (red numbers stand for
BCCH frequencies. No hopping, no DTX). Some subscribers complain that call drop in
second sector of base station C is serious. Hardware fault has been ruled out.

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


Call Drop Case 1

o Analysis :
From the analysis of BTS topology, it can be concluded that the frequencies are well
planned

Next, check the interference band of traffic statistic

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


Call Drop Case 1

o Analysis :
09:00-10:00 IB1 IB2 IB3 IB4 IB5
cell 1 2.85 14.25 1.14 0.27 0.54

cell 2 4.09 12.57 3.14 0.03 0.01

cell 3 0 2.92 13.27 0.25 0.37

03:00~04:00 IB1 IB2 IB3 IB4 IB5


cell 1 2.85 4.28 0.00 0.00 0.00

cell 2 4.09 2.89 0.00 0.00 0.00

cell 3 0 2.12 0.00 0.00 0.00

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


Call Drop Case 1

o Troubleshooting :
Conducting a drive tests, it is found that the quality is bad when the receiving
strength is high.

Check traffic statistic and it is found that when the call drop rate is high, handovers
are mostly caused by quality reasons, and channel assignment failure rate is also
high.

The conclusion is that there is interference from the analysis of comprehensive traffic
statistic and drive test.

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


Call Drop Case 1

o Troubleshooting :
A site investigation shows that the operator has a repeater. It is a broadband
repeater. It transmits the signals from a remote TACS site. TACS signals are amplified
and then there is interference in second sector of base station C.

Problem has been located : interference causes the call drop

Finally, lower the power of the repeater. The interference band reduce to IB1. Now
the high call drop rate problem at site C is solved.

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


Call Drop Case 1

o Common methods of checking and clearing call drop due to interference :


Rule out the internal interference caused by equipment problems and check the
separation of BTS transceivers, antenna feeder installation, and so on

Check the interference band

Drive test

Check traffic statistic of handover causes to get judgment

Clear uplink and downlink interference

Check whether DTX, frequency hopping technology and power control application
are reasonable

Use PBGT handover algorithm flexibly to avoid co-channel and adjacent-channel


interference effectively

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


Call Drop Case 2

o Fault Description :
The call drop rate in cell 3 of a BTS is 10% accompanied with high congestion rate,
but call drop rate and congestion rate in cell 1 and cell 2 are normal.

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


Call Drop Case 2

o Analysis :
Check the related traffic statistic.

Check whether there is high interference band in TCH measurement function.

Check the situation of call drop in call drop measurement function.

Check whether handover of the cell is normal.

Check whether there is interference through checking frequency planning, moreover


confirm whether there is external interference with spectrum analyzer.

Drive test.

Check the hardware installation and alarm active.

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


Call Drop Case 2

o Troubleshooting :
Block TRX in turn and the congestion rate is always quite high no matter which TRX is
blocked.

Check and analyze the traffic statistic, interference band and traffic volume and call
drop rate, and it is found that the interference becomes more serious as the traffic
gets high.

Change frequency. The frequency of cell 3 is changed to 1MHz away from the original
value. But the problem persists.

Judge whether the equipment is faulty.

Locate external interference.

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


Call Drop Case 2

o Troubleshooting :
Make a scanning test with a spectrum analyzer.

A suspect signal with 904.14MHz center frequency, 300K bandwidth is found. It is


similar to an analog signal and it exists continuously.

At the distributor output port of cell 3, the signal strength is 27dBm. cell 2 is
40dBm, cell 1 is 60dBm. It accords with the degree of interference.

Traffic volume is higher in the day time than that at night.

Now the problem is found: 904MHz external interference source.

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


Call Drop Case 2

o Conclusion : solution of interference


Solve internal interference through checking frequency planning.

After internal interference is excluded, we can locate external interference with


spectrum analyzer.

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


Call Drop Case 3

o Fault Description :
Subscribers complain that call drops often happen from on the 5th floor and above in
a building

Subscriber complaint is also an important source of information


about the network quality.

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


Call Drop Case 3

o Analysis :
Perform on-site test

There are call drops and noise on the site

The test mobile phone shows that before the call drop the serving cell is BTS-B. But
this building should be covered by BTS-A.

Check traffic statistic

BTS-B is about 9 kilometers away from this building. It is determined that the BTS-B
signal received in this area is coming from some obstacles reflection. Thus an
isolated island coverage is formed in this area.

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


Call Drop Case 3

o Analysis :
Check data configuration

In BSC data configuration, BTS-A is not configured as the adjacency of BTS-B

Cause analysis of call drop

When the MS uses the signal of cell 2 of BTS-B in this area, the signal of cell 3 of
BTS-A is strong. But cell 2 of BTS-B and cell 3 of BTS-A are not adjacent, therefore,
handover cannot happen.

The signal in cell 2 of BTS-B is the result of multiple reflections. When the signal of
BTS-B received by the mobile phone gets weak suddenly, an emergency handover
is needed. But there is no adjacent cell of BTS-B, so call drops will occur.

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


Call Drop Case 3

o Troubleshooting :
Modify the data in BA1 table, BA2 table and add adjacent cell relationship, set cell 3
of BTS-A as an adjacent cell of cell 2 of BTS-B.

Optimize the network parameters to eliminate the isolated island.

The test results show that the call drop problem is solved.

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


Call Drop Case 3

o Conclusion : two methods to solve isolated island problem


Adjust the antenna of the isolated cell, to eliminate the isolated island problem.

Define new adjacent cells for the isolated cell.

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


Call Drop Case 4

o Fault Description :
In a drive test from A to B, it is found that there are many call drops at entrance of a
tunnel near a BTS due to slow handover.

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


Call Drop Case 4

o Analysis :
The tunnel is near the BTS. When the MS enters the tunnel, the power of the target
cell is -80dBm. But the signal of source cell goes down quickly to less than -100dBm.
Before the MS enters the tunnel, the downlink power of the two cells is good and no
handover is triggered. When the MS enters the tunnel, the level of the source cell
goes down rapidly. The call drop occurs before any handover is triggered.

Think it over : How to solve problems of this type?

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


Call Drop Case 4

o Troubleshooting :
The adjusted parameters are listed below

Value before Value after


Parameter name
change change

PBGT watch time 5 3

PBGT valid time 4 2

PBGT HO threshold 72 68

UL Qual. Thrsh. (Emergency handover) 70 60

Min. DL level on candidate cell 10 15

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


Call Drop Case 4

o Conclusion : optimize and adjust handover parameters to reduce call drop


On condition that there is no ping-pang handover and excessive voice interruption,
PBGT handover can help to reduce interference and lower call drop rate.

Set emergency handover thresholds properly, and make sure the emergency
handover can be triggered in time before the call drop so as to reduce call drops.

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


Call Drop Case 5

o Fault Description :
In the dial test, many call drops are found in cell 2

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


Call Drop Case 5

o Analysis :
Check the traffic statistic and find out that TCH congestion rate of this cell is over 10%
and internal inter-cell handover failure rate is high. It is found that one TRX board of
this cell is abnormal in OMC. A preliminary conclusion is that TRX board problem
causes the call drop.

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


Call Drop Case 5

o Troubleshooting :
Lock the frequency with a test mobile phone and perform dial test for many times. It
is found that call drops only happen in timeslots 1, 3, 5, 7 while communications in
timeslots 2, 4, 6, 8 are normal.

Move this board to another slot, and the problem still exists.

Move another good board to this slot, and the communication is normal.

Move this defective board to other cabinet, the problem arises.

When it is replaced, the communication is recovered.

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


Call Drop Case 5

o Conclusion :
The BTS test should guarantee that communication should be successful not only in
each TRX but also in each timeslot of the TRX.

It must be ensured that each TCH channel provides bidirectional high quality
communication.

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


Call Drop Case 6

o Fault Description :
In dual-band network, when a call is setup in a GSM1800 cell and being handed over
to a GSM900 cell in the same site, the call drops in the GSM900 cell in 2 to 5 seconds.
The call drop rate in the GSM900 cell is quite high.

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


Call Drop Case 6

o Analysis :
In the test it is found that the clock of GSM900 cell and GSM1800 cell are not
synchronized.

When a call set up in a GSM1800 cell and is handed over to a GSM900 cell, the drive
test tool shows that FER increases to the maximum value suddenly and then it goes
down to zero gradually.

It is the same with the handover from GSM900 to GSM1800.

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


Call Drop Case 6

o Troubleshooting :
After adjusting GSM900 clock system, the abnormal call drop problem is solved

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


Call Drop Case 6

o Conclusion :
Clocks of GSM900 and GSM1800 should be exactly synchronized with each other in a
dual band network, otherwise there will be call drops and handover failures.

www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential


www.DigiTrainee.com Company Confidential

Anda mungkin juga menyukai