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 01 VoLTE Introduction

02 VoLTE Basic Feature Verification

VoLTE with intra-frequency HO
Contents SRVCC to Utran

03 VoLTE Advanced Feature Verification

VoLTE with inter-frequency HO
ROHC
TTI Bundling
DRX
UL RLC Segmentation

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VoLTE Introduction-Concept 4G Voice Evolution
Three Stage of 4G Voice Evolution

CS is on 2G/3G, PS is On LTE CS fall back to 2/3G, PS is on Both CS and PS are on LTE.

LTE as first priority.

Advantage on VoLTE Solution

SVLTE CSFB VoLTE

What is VoLTE?
VoLTE is the voice communication between UE and IMS, and the Voice Quality 2/3G Voice Quality 2/3G Voice Quality HD Voice Quality
voice is carried on PS domain.
Access Time Short (5~6S) Long (8S) Shorter (0.5~2S)
On the early stage of LTE network deployment, the operators
havent implemented IMS (IP Multimedia Subsystem), they usually UE Power
High High Low
take CSFB as transitional voice solution. After the IMS Consumption
implementation, they will move to the final Voice Solution as
VoLTE. Spectrum Effieiency Low Low High (4 Time)

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VoLTE IntroductionBasic Structure
Signaling Media

Description
Terminal Access Bearer CS IMS AS
VoLTE is voice sessions set up over IP networks between the UE and the IMS.
That is, the calling and the called parties can use voice services within an LTE
network. VOLTE AS
eMGW eMSC IM-MGW MGCF
(Called) BTS/NodeB BSC/RNC

Voice & PS service continuity EPC HLR/HSS

SCP AS
SRVCC Single-Radio Voice Call Continuity based on LTE coverage and CSCF

inter-RAT mobility
MME PCRF SMSC
PS service handover to 2G/3G networks when DTM (Dual Transfer Mode)
SBC
is supported eNodeB
ENUM
(Caller)
PS service suspended when DTM is not supported. S-GW P-GW CRBT Platform

MME: Mobility Management Entity HSSHome Subscriber Server

Note: SRVCC is triggered if and only if the LTE UE is going out of the LTE coverage SCPService Control Point SBCSession Border Controller
CRBTColor Ring Back Tone PCRFPolicy and Charging Rule Function
Core Network Support MGCF: Media Gateway Control Function HSSHome Subscriber Server
Sv interface between MME and MSC enhanced for CSCFProxy Call Session Control Function SMSCShort Message Service Centre
SRVCC.
EMSC MME
Benefits
VoLTE provides UEs in the E-UTRAN with voice services, without the need of falling back to GERAN or UTRAN.
Terminal Support
VoLTE features the following characteristics: Higher spectral efficiency, Better user experience, such as lower access
3GPP SRVCC UE is needed to perform SRVCC delay and better voice quality
eSRVCCATCF(Access Transfer Control Function)/ATGW(Access Transfer Gateway)

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IMS-based Voice Services

PCRF
MME

EPC
E-UTRAN IMS Core
S-GW/P-GW SBC I/S-CSCF
UE /P-CSCF
Default bearer: IMS signaling streams SIP signaling streams
Dedicated bearer: Voice media streams Voice media streams

A default bearer(QCI5) is set up for IMS signaling streams when the UE attaches to the network.
After the UE initiates a call, SIP signaling streams for call connection is transmitted over the default bearer through the P-
GW to the IMS Core.
A dedicated bearer for IMS(QCI1) voice media streams is set up during call connection.
Voice media streams of the calling and called parties are transmitted over the dedicated bearer.

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VoLTE Bearing
UE setup default bearing
QCI 9 for data service
Data Bearing

Voice Bearing(QCI1&5)

Voice call Bearing(QCI1&5) Dedicated Bearer(GBR)QCI=2

Video call Bearing(QCI1&2&5)

UE not UE Support VoLTE Packet

support Resource Packet Error
QCI Priority Delay Example Services
No VoLTE session VoLTE voice VoLTE video session Type Loss Rate
VoLTE Budget
session
1 2 100 ms 10-2 Conversational Voice
QCI1 + QCI5 + QCI1 GBR
QCI9 QCI5+QCI9 Conversational Video
QCI9 +QCI2+QCI5+QCI9 2 4 150 ms 10-3
(Live Streaming)
5 No-GBR 1 100 ms 10-6 IMS Signalling
9 Non-GBR 9 300ms 10-6 Data
VOLTE use SIP protocol to create, update and terminate a VOTE call:
IMS need to be deployed in LTE core network and 2/3G core network to be upgraded for SRVCC.
VoLTE voice Code
The UE need registration in IMS APN for VOLTE service
AMR-NB12.2K10.2K7.95K7.4K6.7K5.9K5.15K4.75K
The voice code is negotiated between UE and IMS(independent with eNodeB), and carrier with QCI1
AMR-WB 23.85K23.05K19.85K18.25K15.85K14.25K12.65K8.85K6.6K
bearing. QCI1 is transparent to the eNodeB
Silent Period one silent frame per 160ms
The VOLTE session negotiation(Signaling) is carrying with QCI5 which is control plane of LTE network. It is
Active period one voice frame per 20ms or 40ms
transparent to the eNodeB.

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 01 VoLTE Introduction

02 VoLTE Basic Feature Verification

VoLTE with intra-frequency HO
Contents SRVCC to Utran

03 VoLTE Advanced Feature Verification

VoLTE with inter-frequency HO
ROHC
TTI Bundling
DRX
UL RLC Segmentation

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Enable VoLTE Basic Function
VoLTE with Intra-
Basic function SRVCC to Utran
Freq HO

The system default setting has already open the Query QCI RLC PDCP parameter group ID:LST STANDARDQCI
VoIP basic function. It generally only need to check Query QCI RlcMode mode: LST RLCPDCPPARAGROUP
the configuration of the following parameters :
Establishes the VoIP QCI=5 load bearing RLC mode is the AM mode, the QCI=1 load bearing RLC
1. Check the RLC PDCP parameter group ID of mode is the UM mode:
QCI=1/2/5 MOD STANDARDQCI: Qci=QCI5, RlcPdcpParaGroupId=4;
MOD STANDARDQCI: Qci=QCI1, RlcPdcpParaGroupId=0;
2. Check the QCI=1/2/5 RlcMode transmission MOD RLCPDCPPARAGROUP: RlcPdcpParaGroupId=4, RlcMode=RlcMode_AM;
mode MOD RLCPDCPPARAGROUP: RlcPdcpParaGroupId=0, RlcMode=RlcMode_UM;
LST RLCPDCPPARAGROUP check the QCI=5
bearing mode to AM mode, RLC mode to UM Parameter name Parameter ID Suggestion
mode carrying QCI=1/2; if a configuration error, Keep the default configuration. Different QCI
use the MOD RLCPDCPPARAGROUP command corresponding to different RLC mode, according to the
to modify RLC mode QCI version has adaptive configuration of transmission
RLC-UM or RLC-AM RlcMode mode
3. Check the eNodeB VoIP support switch mode QCI1 RlcMode_UM(UM mode)
LST ENODEBALGOSWITCH to check if VoIP QCI2 RlcMode_UM(UM mode)
support switch is open; otherwise, use the QCI5 RlcMode_AM(AM mode)
MOD ENODEBALGOSWITCH command to open Keep the default configuration (support). If a eNodeB
the EtranVoipSupportSwith switch EUTRAN supports the not to support the VoIP service because of the
EutranVoipSupport
VoIP capability of the transmission and other reasons , it is suggested that the
Switch
switch operators after confirmation is set to OFF, otherwise the
configuration for the ON.

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VoLTE Intra-frequency handover policy Basic function
VoLTE with Intra-
Freq HO
SRVCC to Utran

S1 inerface handover
X2 inerface handover process process
S1
S1 MME
8.Handover
X2 6.Handover 2.Handover require confirm
confirm 3.Handover
5.Handover request
command 4.Handover
2.Handover request 1.Ue use MR request ACK
1.Ueuse MR report RSRP
report RSRP 3.Handover request ACK 5.RRC measurement 6.RRC Reconfiguration 7.RRC
measurement 4.RRC Reconfiguration Reconfiguration Reconfiguration
CMP service interruption duration50-80ms CMP
service interruption duration30-
50ms

LTE X2 handover duration30~50ms S1 handover duration50~80ms GSM handover duration120ms-140msx2 handover reduce impact of MOS
intra-frequency handover hysteresis 2dBtrigger handover if neighboring cells higher than serving cell probability ping-pang handoverreduce
MOS valuesuggestion
The erratic fluctuation of radio environment e.gcrossroadsincreased intra-frequnecy handover hysteresis according to radio
environment ,reduce ping-pang handover
one-way moving of high speed railway intra-frequency handover policy would not lead to ping-pang handover, suggested use existing
parameters

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VoLTE Intra-freq HO Verification
VoLTE with Intra-
Basic function SRVCC to Utran
Freq HO

Scenario 1: UE1 & UE2 both VoLTE, keep the VoLTE call during intra-freq HO
VoLTE subscriber MS1 (MSISDN: 005521982137868) called VoLTE subscriber MS2 During the call, MS2 finished the intra-freq HO from serving cell to neighbor cell
(MSISDN: 005521982137869) PCI155 at 11:25:05. the handover succeeded.

At 11:22:50.080 MS1 started the call, and dedicated bearer QCI1 setup at 11:22:54. the RTP sequence numbers were continuous during the handover, thats, in scenario
the call connected at 11:22:54 and terminated at 11:46:06. of UE1 & UE2 both VoLTE, VoLTE call will keep continuous during intra-freq HO.

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VoLTE Intra-freq HO Verification Basic function
VoLTE with Intra-
Freq HO
SRVCC to Utran

Scenario 2: UE1 VoLTE, UE2 fallback 3G with intra-freq LTE HO

VoLTE subscriber MS2 (Huawei MATE7, MSISDN: 005521982137869) called CSFB During the call, MS2 finished the intra-freq HO from serving cell to neighbor cell
subscriber MS1 (Samsung Galaxy S4, MSISDN: 982135200). PCI315 at 15:56:52. the handover succeeded.

MS1 (Samsung Galaxy S4) sent Extend Service Request message to eNodeB to start the RTP sequence numbers were continuous during the handover, thats, in scenario of
CSFB at 15:55:47.631. The connected at 15:55:55, and terminated at 15:57:56. UE1 VoLTE, UE2 fallback 3G , VoLTE call will keep continuous during intra-freq HO.

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SRVCC to Utran
VoLTE with Intra-
Basic function SRVCC to Utran
Freq HO

Open coverage-based eSRVCC need to adjust existing parameters.

Analysis for A2
LTE RSRP
3G RSCP
high high eSRVCC need to launch neighboring
Adjust parameteractive cell for 3G,handover to 3G
3G measurement On eSRVCC process, if UE not support
inter-RAT measurement, eNB pending
A2 B1_UTRAN delivers the A4 measurement

configuration, will wait until time point
launch to 3G redirection
A2_blind low When voice and data
low Time concurrency ,support by terminal and
network(MME/RNC/IMS)use
user move to edge coverage of LTE
eSRVCC PS+CS handover to 3G
Time point
Time point Time point 3G signal not coincidence requirement of
LTE RSRP below A2Ue report UE MR indicate 3G level above B1 or UE not support inter-frequency
A2 event -> eNB deliver B1 B1_UTRANreport B1 event-- measureLTE RSRP below A2_blind
measurement--UE measure eNB launch to 3G eSRVCC trigger A2 blind event--eNB lanuch to 3G
3G signal handover blind redrirection voice interrupt

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SRVCC to Utran Basic function
VoLTE with Intra-
Freq HO
SRVCC to Utran

To activate SRVCC to Utran, we need to configure the parameters as below.

parameter Technology MML recommend value
UtranSrvccSwitch LTE MOD ENODEBALGOSWITCH 1
UtranVoipCapSwitch LTE MOD ENODEBALGOSWITCH 0
GeranVoipCapSwitch LTE MOD ENODEBALGOSWITCH 0
QciPriorityForHo LTE MOD CELLSTANDARDQCI QCI1: 1/QCI2: 3/QCI3: 2/QCI4: 4/QCI5: 9/QCI6: 5/QCI7: 6/QCI8: 7/QCI9: 8
InterRatPolicyCfgGroupId LTE MOD STANDARDQCI QCI1: 0/QCI2: 2/QCI5: 1/QCI9: 3
GroupId0: PS_HO-0&SRVCC-1&REDIRECTION-0
GroupId1: PS_HO-0&SRVCC-1&REDIRECTION-1
UtranHoCfg LTE MOD INTERRATPOLICYCFGGROUP
GroupId2: PS_HO-0&SRVCC-0&REDIRECTION-1
GroupId3: PS_HO-0&SRVCC-0&REDIRECTION-1
CsPsHOInd LTE MOD UTRANEXTERNALCELL BOOLEAN_FALSE
INTERRATHOA1A2HYST LTE MOD INTERRATHOCOMMGROUP 42db
INTERRATHOA1A2TIMETOTRIG LTE MOD INTERRATHOCOMMGROUP 640ms
INTERRATHOA1THDRSRP LTE MOD INTERRATHOCOMMGROUP -109dbm
INTERRATHOA1THDRSRQ LTE MOD INTERRATHOCOMMGROUP -20db
INTERRATHOA2THDRSRP LTE MOD INTERRATHOCOMMGROUP -113dBm
INTERRATHOA2THDRSRQ LTE MOD INTERRATHOCOMMGROUP -24
INTERRATHOUTRANB1THDECN0 LTE ADD INTERRATHOUTRANGROUP -20
INTERRATHOUTRANB1THDRSCP LTE ADD INTERRATHOUTRANGROUP -109
INTERRATHOUTRANB1HYST LTE ADD INTERRATHOUTRANGROUP 4
INTERRATHOUTRANB1TIMETOTRIG LTE ADD INTERRATHOUTRANGROUP 320ms
HoSignalingOptSwitch LTE MOD ENODEBALGOSWITCH AddA2MeasIfQciAdjSwitch-1
RsvdPara1 UMTS SET URRCTRLSWITCH SYSHO_CSIN_PERMIT_SWITCH-1
CmpSwitch=CMP_IU_IMS_PROC_AS_NOR
UMTS SET UCORRMALGOSWITCH ON
MAL_PS_SWITCH

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SRVCC to Utran Verification
VoLTE with Intra-
Basic function SRVCC to Utran
Freq HO

VoLTE call connected at 10:32:29. Then eNodeB sent MobilityFromEUTRACommand message to UE at 10:33:19.661
to start the SRVCC handover.

At 10:33:19.307, UE reported the measurement result that serving 4G cell RSRP - UE replied HandoverToUtranComplete message to eNodeB at 10:33:19.837. SRVCC
122dBm, and 3G RSCP -106dBm. handover succeeded.

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 01 VoLTE Introduction

02 VoLTE Basic Feature Verification

VoLTE with intra-frequency HO
Contents SRVCC to Utran

03 VoLTE Advanced Feature Verification

VoLTE with inter-frequency HO
ROHC
TTI Bundling
DRX
UL RLC Segmentation

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VoLTE with Inter-Freq HO policy Inter-Freq HO ROHC TTI Bundling DRX
RLC
Segmentation

VoLTE interference increased by more service provided. Multi-carrier scene need to balance traffic for each carrier, to ensure voice
quality, and to maximize resource usage.

2600 frequency 2600 frequency load-based handover

band band
coverage-based handover

1800 frequency 1800 frequency 1800 frequency 1800 frequency

band band band band

UE move to edge coverage will trigger coverage-based inter-frequency handover, existing network setting accord with VoLTE need.
Open load-based inter-frequency functionwhen load of serving cell attained to threshold MLB algorithm will choose some
UEs to receive load-based inter-frequency measurement according to frequency of UE,APR and resource. When signal of inter-
frequency attained to threshold, handover to inter-frequency neighboring cell. It can balance load of carriers and increase usage.
Traffic-based handover fit for service hierarchical scene(1800 as coverage layer to bear high priority service,2600 as data layer to
bear Non GBR data service),used for 1800/2600 hierarchical and continuouscoverage scene.

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VoLTE with Inter-Freq HO
RLC
Inter-Freq HO ROHC TTI Bundling DRX
Segmentation

Scenario 1: Inter-frequency Handover from 1549 to 3100

volte call started at 17:35:50, and connected at 17:36:00. This call lasted about 20 min, During the volte call, the inter-frequency handover occurred at 17:44:51,
and terminated at 17:54:14. handover succeeded from 1549 to 3100.

During the volte call, UE reported the measurement report. It showed that the serving the RTP sequence numbers were continuous during the inter-frequency handover. The
cell RSRP result was 28, and there was a neighbor cell with PCI 441, RSRP result 45. VoLTE call is continuous during the S1-based inter-freq HO.

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VoLTE with Inter-Freq HO Inter-Freq HO ROHC TTI Bundling DRX
RLC
Segmentation

Scenario 1: Inter-frequency Handover from 3100 to 1549

volte call started at 15:54:40, and connected at 15:54:57. This call lasted about 4 min, During the volte call, the inter-frequency handover occurred at 15:58:36,
and terminated at 15:58:38. handover succeeded from 3100 to 1549.

During the volte call, UE reported the measurement report. It showed that the serving the RTP sequence numbers were continuous during the inter-frequency handover. The
cell RSRP result was 26, and there was a neighbor cell with PCI 52, RSRP result 46. VoLTE call is continuous during the S1-based inter-freq HO.

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RoHC-Enhance coverage & capacity Inter-Freq HO ROHC TTI Bundling DRX
RLC
Segmentation

downlink, IP header AMR-NB12.2K raw data block 93 bytes

eNB compression, sended by AMR-WB23.85k raw data block 123 bytes
CN eNB on air interface

IP Header AMR frame

60 Bytes 33 Bytes downlink, UE
3. Uplink, eNB decompress and restore
decompress and AMR frame IP header
restore IP header 1 ~ 6Bytes
33 Bytes VoIP User

2.Uplink, after IP header

compression, sended by IP Header AMR frame
UE on air interface 60 Bytes 33 Bytes
1. raw data
RTP Header + UDP Header IPv6 Header
FDD: RoHC can be deployment in
+ the existing network
12 Bytes 8 Bytes 40 Bytes
TDD: Not Suggesting Deployment

RoHC key point

RoHC gain
RoHC need support by eNB & UE, eNB negotiate with UE, if
negotiation fails, not use compressed mode increase capacity: AMR-NB12.2K speech data compression rate about
RoHC only used for data block header compression and decompress 58%((60-6)/93), AMR-WB23.85K speech data compression rate about
on user plane (QCI=1), 44%((60-6)/123), decreased used RB, increase system capacity.
VOIP DRB setup RoHC parameter will be negotiated by eNB and UE;
Enhance coverage: RoHC reduces edge rate of VoIP, reduces the power
inter-eNB handoverROHC need negotiate again
intra-eNB handoverROHC need not negotiate again . requirement of UE, enhances the edge coverage area (increase 2dB)

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RoHC-Enhance coverage & capacity
1. Check License
2. Activate header compression
feature: open the ROHC switch,
set the ROHC top model and
compression protocol type
Parameter name
ROHC switch PdcpRohcPara.RohcSwitch
ROHC highest mode PdcpRohcPara.HighestMode
Compression protocol type
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Inter-Freq HO ROHC TTI Bundling DRX
RLC
Segmentation
feature ID Feature name License Description
Header
LOFD-001017 RObust Header Compression (ROHC)
compression
Switch on ROHC, set ROHC highest mode, configure types of compression protocol :
MOD PDCPROHCPARA: RohcSwitch=ON, HighestMode=O_MODE, Profiles=Profile0x0001-
1&Profile0x0002-1&Profile0x0003-1&Profile0x0004-1;
If deactivation of the ROHC feature, close the ROHC switch::
MOD PDCPROHCPARA: RohcSwitch=OFF;
Parameter ID Suggestion
When eNodeB cell RB utilization rate is high and the VoIP service
proportion is high, suggest to open ROHC.
According to the radio link quality to determine:
When radio link quality is GOOD, choose "U_MODE (one-way mode)
When radio link quality is FAIR, choose "O_MODE (model)
When radio link quality is BAD, choose "R_MODE (safe mode)"
This parameter is bit-map type, if one bit checked, it means eNodeB
PdcpRohcPara.Profiles
support that corresponding compression profile.
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RoHC-Enhance coverage & capacity
RLC
Inter-Freq HO ROHC TTI Bundling DRX
Segmentation

In the RRC connection reconfiguration message ,the mobility control information: target cell PCI 141. And
Huawei Mate7 can support ROHC. The UE capability information list relative information. in the radio resource configure dedicated IE, we found that the RoHC feature was activated.

Volte call connected at 11:23:30.661. During the volte call, MS1 moved from PCI 54 to
PCI 141. It reported the measurement result at 11:25:15, and received the RRC
connection reconfiguration message.
Check the KPIs after 1 hour test, we found that during the RoHC activated, the header compression radio
was almost below 20%, the packet compression ratio was below 60%, and uplink decompression failure
ratio usually was 0%.

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TTI B-Enhance edge coverage Inter-Freq HO ROHC TTI Bundling DRX
RLC
Segmentation

3GPP TS 36.213 stipulate TTI Bundling can use at most 3 RB ,

Implementation scheme QPSK, highest rank of MCS is 10
unbundled
Based on the feedback, the UE
After transmits the data
determines whether a retransmission is
block in a bundle of TTIs, among which the
required. If it is required, the UE
last TTI is numbered N. The eNodeB sends an
4 continuous sub- retransmits the data block in the (N +
ACK or NACK
frames transfer 1 TB, 13)th through (N + 16)th TTIs.
bind4 TTIs no need to wait
ACK/NACK of eNB
bundled

LTE stipulate TTI Bundling

retransmission also Bundling

Uplink Gain
TTI Bundling only used to enhance Uplink coverage at cell edge of voice
When edge user on bad channel quality, UE transmit the same data block on 4
continuous uplink sub frames, uplink combining gain is 3 dB
TTI Bundling transmit the same TB on 4 continuous sub-frames (TTI_BUNDLE_SIZE =4),
no need to wait ACK/NACK of eNB, the same TB will be transmitted 4 times, used
3dB different redundancy algorithm
UE must support TTI Bundling: TTI Bundling can be active according to radio link status
FDD: TTIB can be deployment in the existing network adaptively by network, the criterion for entering TTI Bundling is UE has VoLTE
TDD: Not Suggesting Deployment bearer(QCI1) only and UE has move to cell edge require improve uplink.

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TTI B-Enhance edge coverage Inter-Freq HO ROHC TTI Bundling DRX
RLC
Segmentation

1. Check License Feature ID Feature name License discretion

2. Activate TTI Bundling feature LOFD-001048 TTI Bundling TTI bunding
switch

Open TTI Bundling

MOD CELLALGOSWITCH: LocalCellId=0, UlSchSwitch=TtiBundlingSwitch-1;
Close TTI Bundling
MOD CELLALGOSWITCH: LocalCellId=0, UlSchSwitch=TtiBundlingSwitch-0;

Parameter name Parameter ID Suggestion

Uplink scheduling switch
This parameter has a sub switch TTI Bundling switch to
switch on/off the TTI Bundling function. In the conventional
operational scenario, it is suggested to uncheck the TTI
CellAlgoSwitch.UlSchSwitch
Bundling switch. When the UE channel has poor quality and
output power is limited, it is suggested to switch on TTI
Bundling.

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TTI B-Enhance edge coverage Inter-Freq HO ROHC TTI Bundling DRX
RLC
Segmentation
After QCI1 setup, when edge users radio environment became worse, TTI Bundling feature worked. The relative information was contained in RRC connection reconfiguration message.
Queried the counter about TTI Bundling, we found that during the verification test, TTI Bundling enter number reached 112.

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DRX-UE Power saving Inter-Freq HO ROHC TTI Bundling DRX
RLC
Segmentation

DRX(Discontinuous Reception)UE open receiver into activated state at necessary time,to receive downlink data and signaling, other time
close receiver into sleeping state, stop to receive downlink data and signaling in order to save power .
Monitor PDCCH information
Close DRX Open DRX
Monitor PDCCH information
Receive voice frame(1ms) Receive voice frame(1ms)
20ms
Sleep state
20ms

close DRX function,for LTE voice service,receive a 1ms frame in in the open DRX function, UE transmission cycle of speech frames based on open receiving
20ms,UE has been monitoring the PDCCH information during the antenna, PDCCH information monitoring, and receives downlink data; in sleep state closed
DRX receiving antenna, stop receiving downlink data and signaling
call.
DRX features of key points: (refer to the specific VoLTE solutions engineering instructions)
QCI=1 configuration for a set of DRX parameters
DRX suggested parameter settings(Only for Reference) According to the QCI=5 recommendations and QCI9 configuration use a same set of
Long Short Short parameters
DRX On DRX Retrans
DRX period DRX Keep other DRX parameters of QCI, DRX parameters of the VoLTE service and data
QCI Type Whether to Duration Inactivity Timer
period is period service does not conflict
enable Timer(psf) Timer(psf) (psf)
ms enabled ms
DRX needs to support the terminal chip. Some terminal chip supporting DRX properties,
suggested
QCI1 40 10 80 8 close - but the RF module does not support. It is closed during the period of DRX. Therefore
open
QCI234 close - - - - - - opened DRX feature, power saving effect is not obvious.
QCI5678 The feature of DRX gain:
open 80 2 80 8 open 20
9 The use of DRX, in the data connection state without service maximum save power
66% speech to be tested

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DRX-UE Power saving Inter-Freq HO ROHC TTI Bundling DRX
RLC
Segmentation

During the DT in 10th June, when UE entered cell 137277-1 (cell

After the volte call terminated, eNodeB sent RRC connection
name: 18NLRJBT20A), DRX was triggered. At 11:37:03.920, eNodeB
reconfiguration message to UE. The details showed that DRX for QCI9
sent RRC connection reconfiguration message to UE to configure
worked.
DRX. The details show that DRX for QCI1 worked.

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Uplink RLC Segment
RLC
Inter-Freq HO ROHC TTI Bundling DRX
Segmentation

20ms Voice Frame (AMR 12.2k) MAC RLC PDCP RoHC Voice Payload

2 1 1 6 33 Bytes

Far end User (6PRB MCS4) TBS = 51 Bytes

Edge User (3PRB MCS2) TBS = 18 Bytes X cannot hold one voice frame

PDCP RoHC Voice Payload

Segment 10 Bytes + 10 Bytes + 10 Bytes + 10 Bytes

Segment one PDCP packet into several small packets and transmitted in
MAC RLC Seg Payload different subframe, this will reduce TBS size per subframe which result in
low MCS and improve the UL coverage
2 1 10
TDD-LTE system, for the SA2(3:1), there are 4 UL frame in 20ms. The 4 UL
Edge User (3PRB MCS2) TBS = 18 Bytes frame could be used to transmitted the same voice frame and response
with one HARQ, this will gain around 4dB for UL coverage and save the
PDCCH resource in downlink .

More UL segments for voice frame may cause increase of packet delay in the air, this may cause the increase
parameter script Recommend value
of packet loss (Schedule issue) or voice quality Issue.
RLC segments will increase the bits number of RLC head and MAC head or signaling cost. UlVoipRlcMaxSegNum MOD CELLULSCHALGO 20
HARQ channel issue may influence the decode the PDCP layer packet and result in bad voice quality.

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Uplink RLC Segment
RLC
Inter-Freq HO ROHC TTI Bundling DRX
Segmentation

For RLC Segmentation feature, there is no special indicator in the signaling. We can only check the uplink packet loss rate.
On the U2000, the uplink packet loss rate counters for QCI of 1 are queried and the uplink packet loss rate is calculated. The
uplink packet loss rate decreases significantly after the RLC segmentation feature is enabled.
Test of and comparison between the uplink packet loss rates before and after the RLC segmentation feature is enabled.

The uplink packet loss rate is about 3.77% when the RLC segmentation feature is disabled. And it decreases to about 3.44% when
the RLC segmentation feature is enabled.
Conclusion
RLC segmentation worked well during the volte call. It will reduce the uplink packet loss rate and improve subscribers experience.

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HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
Thank You!
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