2013 IEEE Asia Pacific Conference on Postgraduate Research in Microelectronics and Electronics (PrimeAsia)
Voltage quality improvement and harmonic mitigation using custom power
devices : DVR and Hybrid filters
M.Sharanya1 Dr.B.Basavaraja2
Associate professor,Department of EEE HOD & Professor, EEE Department
Vignana Bharathi Institute of Technology GITAM University Hyderabad Campus, CVR College of Engineering
Ghatkesar, Hyderabad, India. Hyderabad, India.
sharanya2702@gmail.com banakara36@gmail.com
Abstract - The various power quality issues are of
great concern now a days. The quality of power
provided to the consumers can be improved by
using custom power devices, (CPD). CPD uses
power electronic controllers in distribution systems
in order to provide reliable and good quality of
power needed to power consumers. This paper
gives that the use of Dynamic voltage restorer and
hybrid active filters improves the quality of power
by voltage profile improvement and by the
mitigation of harmonics in the supply current. The
DVR and hybrid filters are controlled by using PI
controllers. The system is modelled by using
MATLAB/SIMULINK software and performance
is observed.
Key words : custom power devices, CPD, DVR,
Hybrid filters, MATLAB
I INTRODUCTION
The power quality problems are transients, voltage
sag, harmonics, voltage swell, very short
interruptions, long interruptions, voltage unbalance,
voltage fluctuations, voltage spikes and noise.
These various power quality problems can be
mitigated by using various custom power devices.
CPD involves various power electronic controllers
in the low and medium distribution systems to
provide reliable and good quality of power needed
by the consumers
Custom Power Devices are classified as Network
reconfiguration devices and Compensation
devices.
Each of these devices has its own advantages and
disadvantages. DVR is a compensating device. It is
considered for the mitigation of voltage sags.
Harmonics and Power Factor correction are the
other features of DVR. Because of its small size
and capabilities DVR can be considered
economically over other devise.[9] The DVR does
the injection of voltages in series with the supply
voltage of required magnitude and duration through
978-1-4799-2751-7/13/$31.00 2013 IEEE
213
Dr M.Sasikala3
Professor, EEE Department
Ibrahimpatnam, Hyderabad, India
sasi_mun@rediffmail.com
an injection transformer and restores the quality of
power.[11]
Harmonics problem are usually resolved by the use
of conventional passive and active filters. LC filters
which are the conventional passive filters, can
compensate reactive power with harmonics and has
simple structure and is of low cost.[7] Passive
filters has disadvantages like resonance problem,
large size, fixed compensation, tuning problems
etc. To overcome these problems active power
filters are used.
Active filters are controlled for removing the
harmonics and making the current of the
distribution system sinusoidal by producing
currents according to non-sinusoidal current of
loads or system. But its cost increases with the
increase in the ratings. Hybrid filters which is the
combination of passive and active filters are used to
mitigate the harmonics problems and to have the
advantages of both these filters.
II DYNAMIC VOLTAGE RESTORER (DVR)
The Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR), is
connected in series with primary distribution circuit
and it uses solid state or static power electronic
devices and is also known as the Series Voltage
Booster (SVB) or the Static Series Compensator
(SSC). The DVR restores load voltage to pre
disturbance condition by providing three phase
controllable voltage, whose vector (magnitude and
angle) adds to the source voltage [12]. DVR is the
protects the sensitive loads from voltage sags and
swells of the distribution network. And so is
installed between supply and sensitive load feeders
in distribution system. Other than the compensation
of voltage swells and sags, DVR is used for the
compensation of line voltage harmonics, fault
current limitations and voltage transients
reductions.[13] A DVR consists of an injection
transformer, voltage source converter, energy
storage unit and filter as shown in Fig 1.
2013 IEEE Asia Pacific Conference on Postgraduate Research in Microelectronics and Electronics (PrimeAsia)

advantages of active filters and passive filters.[8]

Hybrid filters of different structures can be utilized
in power systems such as series active and shunt
passive filter with nonlinear loads, shunt passive
and active filter with nonlinear load, series passive
and active filter parallel with Nonlinear load, etc as
shown in Fig 2.

Figure 1 Block diagram of DVR

Voltage source converter,VSC is used to generate

part of supply voltage which is missing. Injection
transformer connects the DVR to the distribution
system and converts the voltages from the VSC to
the incoming supply voltage. Passive filter
eliminates the unwanted harmonic components
generated by the VSC The energy storage such as
battery is responsible to supply energy storage in
DC form. A DC link voltage is used by the VSC to
synthesize an AC voltage into the grid and during a
majority of voltage dips active power injection is
necessary to restore the supply voltages. [10]

III HYBRID FILTERS

For most of the industrial applications and
transmission/distribution networks a number of Figure 2 Different structures of hybrid filters
solid state power converters such as diode bridge
rectifiers and thyristor converters are used. These
IV PROPOSED DVR MODEL
power converters are nonlinear in nature and cause
The system considered for the model is
serious problems of , non-sinusoidal supply
generation system of 13 KV, 50HZ. This system
voltage, current harmonics, poor power factor,
feeds two transmission lines which is done with a
reactive power burden and low system efficiency.
three winding transformer connected in Y//
Hence, due to these serious issues there has been an
13/115/115 kV. These transmission lines feeds two
increasing interest in the subject of power quality
distribution networks with two transformers
improvement techniques which can suppress
connected in /Y, 115/11 kV.
supply
Harmonics, improve power factor and balance the
input supply. [8] Harmonics problem are usually TABLE I DVR MODEL PARAMETERS
resolved by the use of conventional passive and
Line Resistance=0.02 Inductance=3.8e-
active filters. Conventional LC passive filters can
compensate reactive power along with harmonics impedance 4H
and has simple structure, low cost .[7] But Passive Pwm Carrier Sampling time=5e-
filters has disadvantages like resonance problem, generator frequency=1080Hz 6
large size, fixed compensation, tuning problems
Sensitive Resistance=40 Inductance=2e-3H
etc. To overcome these problems active power
filters are used. load
Active filters are controlled to make the current of
the distribution system sinusoidal and produce
currents as per the non sinusoidal current of loads
or system for removing the harmonics. But with the
increase in its ratings its cost increases .
Hybrid filters which is the combination of passive
and active filters are used to mitigate the harmonics
problems. Low cost passive filters along with the
active filter, reduces the power rating of active
converter compared to that of pure active filters.
Hybrid filter are cost effective and retains the

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2013 IEEE Asia Pacific Conference on Postgraduate Research in Microelectronics and Electronics (PrimeAsia)

and with DVR for sag. The Fig5 shows the voltage
with respect to time without DVR. The wave form
shown is a voltage without DVR, sag is happened
to be in between 0.1 to 0.3 sec the max amplitude is
1. Due to fault occurred in the line voltage falls
down to 0.5.This could be rectified by using DVR
system. The Fig 6 shows load voltage where DVR
is connected.

Figure 3 DVR circuit model

In this model i.e Fig 3 the output from generating

unit is fed to the primary of the three winding
transformer. Two parallel feeders are drawn each of
11kv. One feeder is kept as it is and in the other Figure 5 Voltage without DVR (Sag)
feeder DVR is connected in series. The controller
used is a PI controller. The same is shown in the
Simulink model. The DVR is connected to
distribution system through a booster transformer.
Fig 4. Shows the simulink model of DVR .

Figure 6 Voltage with DVR for Sag

B Result analysis
The output voltage for both the conditions of with
DVR and without DVR for swell is shown in the
Fig 7 and Fig 8. The Fig7 represents voltage with
respect to time without DVR. The wave form
shown is a voltage without DVR, where swell is
happened to be in between 0.1 to 0.3sec and the
max amplitude is 1. Due to fault occurred in the
line, voltage rises to 1.5.This could be rectified by
using DVR system. The Fig 8 is for voltage where
DVR is connected.
Figure 4 Simulink model of DVR

A Result analysis
Result for the DVR system in which the fault is
created is given below. Fig 5 and Fig 6 shows the
output voltage for both the conditions without DVR

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2013 IEEE Asia Pacific Conference on Postgraduate Research in Microelectronics and Electronics (PrimeAsia)

0.25 : 33.30 mH: 6.55 F (L2 : C2) 0.2 : 14.80

mH: 18.5F (L3 : C3) 0.2 : 11.24 mH: 19.40F

Figure 7 Voltage without DVR for Swell

Figure 9 Simulink circuit of passive filter

A Result analysis

Figure 8 Voltage with DVR for Swell
V PROPOSED HYBRID FILTER
The simulation results of the proposed hybrid
active power filters, HAPF controller are taken for
sinusoidal voltage at various operating conditions
and presented to show the performance
characteristics. Load compensation is done by a
rectifier with high nonlinear characteristics. To
check the effectiveness of the proposed controller
its performance is analysed with PF alone and with
APF and PF.
The proposed HAPF controller simulation results
are presented to show the performance
characteristics. Load compensation is done by a
rectifier with high nonlinear characteristics. To
check the effectiveness of the proposed controller
its performance is analysed with PF alone and with
HAPF which has both APF and PF.
Fig.10 shows the source current, filter current and
load current when only passive filter is connected.
The injected filter current at the point of common
coupling is of the required magnitude which makes
the current drawn from the source nearer to
sinusoidal wave.

The parameters used for the simulation study are as

given below : Sinusoidal source voltage(Vs) 220V
peak , 50 Hz. Source Impedance(Rs : Ls) 0.15 : 0.1
mH. Smoothing Impedance(Rsm : Lsm) 0.1 : 0.5 mH
Load Impedance (RL : LL) dc-side of the uncontrolled
rectifier 7.5 : 25 mH. Active filter parameters :
Filter Impedance (RC : LC) 0.15 ohm : 2.5 mH .DC-
link capacitor values (Vdcref : Cdc) 250V: 1600 F.
Three tuned passive filter parameters : (R1: L1: C1)

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2013 IEEE Asia Pacific Conference on Postgraduate Research in Microelectronics and Electronics (PrimeAsia)
Figure 10 Source current, Filter current and Laod current with
only passive filter
The circuit model of Hybrid filter with both passive
and active filter is shown in fig 11
Figure 11 Simulink model of Hybrid filter
217
B Result analysis
Fig.12 shows the source current, filter current and
load current when both active and passive filter are
connected. The injected filter current at the point of
common coupling is of the required magnitude
which makes the current drawn from the source
nearer to sinusoidal wave. The filter is controlled
by using the PI controller.
Figure 12 Source current, Filter current and load current with
Hybrid filter
CONCLUSION
This paper shows that by using a dynamic voltage
restorer and hybrid filter the power quality in the
distribution network can be improved. Voltage sag
and swell are mitigated using dynamic voltage
restorer. The design and comprehensive results for
voltage sag and swell of DVR is presented. The
simulation results shows that the performance of
DVR is satisfactory in mitigating sag/swell.
Simulation results also show that the DVR has fast
response and it very quickly compensates these
disturbances and provide excellent voltage
regulation. To reduce the harmonics passive filter,
active filter, hybrid filter etc. are developed. The
simulation results are shown for passive filter alone
and with HAPF which is the combination of both
passive and active filters. The simulation results
2013 IEEE Asia Pacific Conference on Postgraduate Research in Microelectronics and Electronics (PrimeAsia)
show that the shunt HAPF is much superior in
performance compared to only passive or only
implemented in simulation as combination of
shunt passive filter and shunt active filter. These
are controlled by using the PI controllers.
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