Post lab (Ex 7-12)

How to identify the different types of bacteria?

1. Isolation in pure form

2. Staining reaction
3. Morphology of colony
4. Characteristics of culture
5. Metabolism
6. Biochemical properties
MORPHOLOGY
STAINING
STAINING
Simple stain one dye
Differential stain complex procedure
Grams (+) and ()
Acid fast (+) and ()
Negative: acid dye stains background and
cells are white
Capsule: modified negative stain
SPORULATION
Acid fast
Negative

Capsule
MOTILITY

Motility medium

Hanging drop method

FLAGELLATION
BIOCHEMICAL TESTS
Catalase test presence of enzyme catalase
Starch hydrolysis presence of starch
hydrolyzing enzymes
Casein hydrolysis presence of enzyme casease
Gelatin hydrolysis presence of enzyme
gelatinase
FACTORS AFFECTING GROWTH
Physical Factors:
o pH
o Temperature
o Osmotic pressure
o Hydrostatic pressure
o UV radiation
FACTORS AFFECTING GROWTH
Chemical Factors:
o C, H, O, N, P, S
o Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe3+, K+
o Zn2+, Mo2+, Mn2+
GROWTH IN LIQUID MEDIUM
Degree of growth: absence, scanty, moderate,
abundant etc.
Presence of turbidity and its nature
Presence of deposit and its character
Nature of surface growth
Odor of samples
Bacteria have their
own enzymes for:
Cell wall formation
Protein synthesis
DNA replication
RNA synthesis
Synthesis of essential
metabolites