PCM QUIZ 1- REVIEWER

1. Threshold Limit Value-

- Maximize point thru which an object could withstand the forces of
energies without leaving any physical or psychological effect
2. Incident
- Nearly miss
3. Safety
- Control of recognized hazards to attain an acceptable level of risk
4. Control
- Regulate/ Restrain
5. Accident
- Undesired event that results in harm to people, damage to property, or
loss to process
- Usually a contact with a source of energy above the threshold limit of the
body or structure
6. Hazards
- Unsafe practices/ conditions, if not controlled may result to
accident/incident

STAIRS ---------- 7x 11

H.W Heinrich Study

1. Unsafe Practices 88%
2. Unsafe Conditions 12%

7. Risk
- A chance of a physical / personal loss
8. Unsafe Practice
- Behaviors which could permit accidents/incidents
9. Unsafe Condition
- Circumstances which could permit accidents/incidents
10.Safety Audit
- Critical examination of safety and health management programs to
determine effectiveness and compliance to regulatory standards

TYPES OF ACCIDENTS:

1. FAC (First Aid Case) Minor work-related injuries which dont require medical
care
- One time treatment and subsequent observation
2. LDC (Lost Day Case) Case which involve days away from work or day of
restricted work
COMMON ILLNESS IN CONSTRUCTION BOIL (PIGSA)

TYPES OF INCIDENTS:

1. Illness (Recordable) Abnormal condition/ disorder developed over time

caused by exposure to
 Environmental factors associated with employment.
Includes (INITIATION?), ABSORPTION, INGESTION
2. Injury (Recordable) Any bodily damage which resulted from a near miss/
incident

RESULTS FROM ACCIDENTS:

- Injury/ Illness requiring loss of time from work
- Medical treatment beyond first aid, prescription medication
- Modifications of an employees regular duties

Lost Workday Away from work

- Number of workdays an employee would have worked but could not,
due to occupational injury or illness

Lost Workday Restricted work activity

- The number of days an employee was assigned

FACTS ABOUT CONSTRUCTION BUSINESS

- Contracts are signed before structures are made

SAFETY PROBLEMS IN CONSTRUCTION

- Workers are temporary and constantly changing
- Each site include several contractors performing various types of work
-Work environment is constantly changing
- Workers are exposed to weather and dont have control on physical hazard present
in the worksite

ERGONOMICS OF SAFETY AND HEALTH IN CONSTRUCTION PROJECT

ERGONOMICS is not an exact science it is national approach to the problems of

designing and constructing things which people are expected to use

A principal technique for reducing injury/damage is by ensuring systems is properly

maintained. People are the key regardless of the organization activity. People are
vital resources

Websters dictionary describe ergonomics as Applied Science concerned with

designing and arranging things

HOW WORKERS PERSONALLY BENEFIT FROM UNSAFE ACTS

1.
2. The unsafe act makes real sense

CAUSES OF UNSAFE ACT

1. Extreme Fatigue
2. Hearing Defects
3. Eyesight Defects
 4. Physically Unsuited for the job
5. Slow reactions

REASONS WHY PHILIPPINE CONSTRUCTION LAGS IN SAFETY

1. Failure to realize freedom from accidents (builders, contractors & owners)

2. Persistent use of unsafe construction method
3. Lack of formal training
4. Difficulty in implementing government regulations, codes and standards
5. Inadequate government control of safety

COMMERCIAL, INDUSTRIAL Fire rated doors

COMMON CAUSES OF ACCIDENTS:

1. Falls/Collapse: Ground in trenches, walls

2. Falls: Structures, scaffolds, ladders, stairways
3. Falls of person: workplaces, roofs, walls, scaffolds
4. Falls of persons (same level): Uneven surface, Littered environment
5. Falls: objects, tools, materials
6. Mechanical hazards
7. Manual handling hazards
8. Foot injuries
9. Electrical Hazards
10.Fire Hazards
11.Environmental Hazards

ECC (Engineering and Construction Contract) - Suitable for any construction based
contract between an Employer and a Contractor. It is intended to be suitable for any
sector of the industry, including civil, building, nuclear, oil & gas, etc.

WHY HAZARDAS EXIST IN CONSTRUCTION

- Workers are temporary and constantly changing

- Each site include several contractors performing various type of work
- Constantly moving materials create new hazards
- Working environment are constantly changing
- Workers exposed to weather