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47pt

Site Safety Handbook


Edition 2.2

NRO,GTS 2010/01

www.huawei.com

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.


Edition 2.2 Jan 2010 -SZS
Foreword

This Health, Safety and Environment Handbook serves


as a guide for EHS operations on sites.

It is Huaweis prime objective that all operations are to


be carried out in a safe manner, and that every measure
is to be taken to prevent personal injuries to our staff,
contracts, customer and members of the general public
who have legitimate interaction with our work operations.

Huawei is fully committed in making the network and


operational sites a safe place to work and will treat site
safety matters with highest priority.

Page 2
It is hoped that the site management, employees and
subcontractors will find this handbook useful in
understanding the main provisions of our approach to
safety.

Remember -
Think Safety, Work Safely
Edition 2.2 Jan 2010 -SZS
Personal Responsibilities

Your most important responsibilities are:

To take reasonable care of your own health and


safety.

To take reasonable care not to put other people -


fellow employees and members of the public - at risk
by what you do or don't do in the course of your
work.

To comply with the defined safety practices, making


sure you get proper training where it is required.

Page 3
Not to interfere with or misuse anything that's been
provided for your health, safety or welfare.

To report any injuries, strains or illnesses you suffer


as a result of doing your job.

To tell your supervisor if something happens that


might affect your ability to work (e.g. becoming
pregnant or suffering an injury).

If you drive or operate machinery, work at heights to


tell your supervisor if you take medication that
makes you drowsy or impairs you ability.
Edition 2.2 Jan 2010 -SZS
Contents

Foreword ... 2
Personal responsibilities .. 3
Huawei EHS Policy . 5
Before you Start .. 6
Accdents& Incdents . 7
Safety Signs ..... 9
Personal Protectve Equpment .. 10
Safe Drvng .. 14
Rural & Remote Locations 19
Manual Handlng . 20
Safe Stacking . 23
Workng at Heght ... 24

Page 4
Machnery / Equpment Safety . 34
Weldng Safety .... 39
Housekeepng .. 40
Floor Openngs .... 41
Electrcal Safety .. 42
Fire Safety . 46
Excavations .. 49
Confined Spaces . 50
Laser / Fibre Optic Safety . 52
RF Safety ... 53
Emergency Contact Numbers . 57

The information provided here is designed for basic awareness and is not a
substitute for specific training or experience.
Edition 2.2 Jan 2010 -SZS
Huawei EHS Policy

Huawei aspires to become a world-class leading corporation


in the telecommunication industry. We strive not only to
keep ahead in technology, quality and service, but also to
undertake actively the social responsibility of environment
protection, to care for the employees occupational health
and to offer a safety and agreeable work environment for
employees.

Consequently, we promise:
 Our EHS management covers the full scope of our company
business domains, through the implementation of scientific
management, satisfies or surpasses all related
environmental protection, the occupational health and safety
laws, regulations and other standards.
 we will establish EHS goals to drive continuous
improvement, conduct periodic internal audits and
management reviews to monitor and improve our EHS
performance

Page 5
 To comprehensively introduce green EHS into the design,
the production and the company operating processes so as
to systematically identify and control all potential
environmental risks and hazards. To put an end to
environmental pollution, occupational disease and any
labour injuries.
 To make green and safety a part of our purchasing strategy,
and to endeavour to influence our suppliers EHS
management.
 Reduce energy & resources positively; constantly promote
green production.
 To constantly cultivate a corporation culture of (attention to)
EHS and promote the EHS responsibilities of employees
 To respect employees, pay attention to the employees
(occupational) health, and ensure the employees rights.
 To communicate openly with employees, customers,
government, the public and (any) other relative parties for
improvements of the global environment.
Before you Start
Ste Safety Requrements
Edition 2.2 Jan 2010 -SZS

Before startng work on site be sure that:-

 You have the appropriate training for the tasks


you will perform.

 You have the appropriate personel protective


equipment (PPE) for the task.

 You check all tools and PPE before use.

Page 6
 You complete a Pre start safety briefing/ Site
specific risk assessment before you start your
job.

 You have your ID Card with you.

 You understand the safety signs used on site.

 You understand what to do in the case of an


emergency.
Accdents & Incdents
Emergency Response
Edition 2.2 Jan 2010 -SZS

Page 7
In case of incident:-

Contact your Huawei supervisor immediately.

Only qualified First Aiders are allowed to render first


aid to casualties. This is to prevent further
complication to the injured.

DO NOT move an accident victim unless they are in


danger of further injury.

If you need a profesional help, call immediately.


Accdents & Incdents
Reportng
Edition 2.2 Jan 2010 -SZS

Accident / Incident occurred

Provide First Aid

Inform your Site Manager immediately

Page 8
Incident : A work-related event in which an injury or ill
health (regardless of severity) or fatality occurred, or
could have occurred.

Accident : An incident which has given rise to injury, ill


health or fatality.

Reporting is important to evaluate the root causes of the


incident/accident and taking corrective/ preventive
actions in order to prevent the occurance of the same or
smillar incidents/accidents again.
Safety Signs

Make sure you understand the signs used on site


Edition 2.2 Jan 2010 -SZS

Stop and Prohibition signs


 Circle: white background with red borders and
cross bar; black symbol

Caution (warning) signs


 Triangle: yellow background with black border;
black symbol

Page 9
Emergency information signs
 Rectangle: green background; white symbol

Mandatory signs
 Circle: blue background; white symbol
Edition 2.2 Jan 2010 -SZS
Personal Protectve Equpment

Ensure that you have


the following items
before you start work
on site:-
Safety helmet
Site pass
Safety harness (when
working at height)
Safety shoes/boots

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When welding,
grinding, or any other
operations, always
wear the specified
PPE associated to that
particular job.

Eye protection
Ear protection
Protective gloves
Edition 2.2 Jan 2010 -SZS
Personal Protectve Equpment

Always wear good condition personal protective


equipment (PPE).

Always ensure it is correctly fitted.

Always wear PPE appropriate to the job and the


assessed hazards.

Head protection Ear protection


EN 397 EN 397
(or equivalent) (or equivalent)

Eye protection Face protection


EN 166 EN 166

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(or equivalent) (or equivalent)

Hand protection Foot protection


EN 420 / EN 407 / EN 388 EN-ISO 20345
(or equivalent) (or equivalent)

Replace Damaged Items


Damaged PPE does
NOT provide full
protection.
Get your damaged
PPE replaced.
Personal Protectve Equpment
Safety Footwear
Edition 2.2 Jan 2010 -SZS

Wearing the correct


safety footwear
prevents/minimises
foot injuries.

Safety footwear
should conform to
ENISO 20345-1 / EN345
(or equivalent)

Risks must be
assessed to identify

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the appropriate
protection features
that are required.

No casual shoes,
sandals or slippers are
allowed in the
worksite.

Footwear MUST be appropriate for the identified hazards

  
Personal Protectve Equpment
Safety Harnesses & Lanyards
Edition 2.2 Jan 2010 -SZS

Wear and anchor your safety


harness when working at height,
near openings and edges.

Only full safety harnesses are


allowed, safety belts are prohibited.

Safety harnesses should conform to


EN 358, EN361, EN813 (or equivalent)

Page 13
Two ended lanyard will be
attached to the safety
harness during working at
height.

Lanyards standard should


conform to EN 354, EN 362
(or equivalent)
Safe Drvng
Driving Standard
Edition 2.2 Jan 2010 -SZS

Vehicle Requirements

All vehicles MUST be fit for purpose, well maintained


and fitted with seatbelts.
The number of passengers MUST NOT exceed the
manufactures specification for the vehicle
All loads MUST be secure.

Driver Requirements
You MUST be Licensed, trained, and medically fit,
appropriately rested and alert.

Page 14
DO NOT use a mobile phone while operating the
vehicle.
DO NOT drive if under the influence of alcohol or
drugs.
Journey management plans MUST be in place for
high risk countries, travel to remote (isolated)
locations.
You MUST set a realistic goal for the number of
miles that you can drive safely each day.
Seatbelts MUST be worn by all occupants.
Safety helmets MUST be worn by rider and
passengers of motorcycles, quad bikes etc.
Safe Drvng
Driver Considerations
Edition 2.2 Jan 2010 -SZS

Stay focused
Driving requires your full attention.
Continually search the roadway to be alert to
situations requiring quick action.
Stop about every two hours for a break, get out of
the vehicle to stretch, take a walk and get refreshed.
Maintain a safe distance from the vehicles in front.

Avoid Aggressive Driving


Keep your cool in traffic!
Be patient and courteous to other drivers.

Page 15
Maintain a safe distance when stopping, starting or
in moving traffic.
Observe the speed limits.
Do not take other drivers actions personally.
Reduce our stress by planning your route ahead of
time (bring the maps and directions), allow plenty of
travel time.
Be aware of and observe the traffic signs.
Safe Drvng
Vehicle Considerations

Pre-Trip Inspection - Ensure mirrors, signals and


Edition 2.2 Jan 2010 -SZS

lights are clean and not broken, tyres are properly


inflated with acceptable tread wear.

Inside the Vehicle


 Adjust your seat and fasten seat belt.
 Check and adjust all Mirrors.
 Adjust your Headrest.
 Assure doors fully closed and secured.
 Check windows/windshield.
 Sufficient fuel for the planned journey.
 Adjust the vents, windows, heater & air conditioner.
 Where ever possible material and passengers are to
be carried separately. If carried in the same space

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the materials are to be secured to prevent injury to
passengers in the event of a collision.

Routine maintenance
 Get regular tune-ups, oil changes and brake inspections.
Tyres
 Maintain proper pressure (measure when cold),
under or over-inflated tires can lead to a blowout.
 Check tread wear.
 Ensure appropriate tyres are fitted.
 Rotate tires.
Windshield Wipers
 Change if hard, cracked or brittle; check wiper fluid.
Check fluids
 Oil, transmission, radiator and brakes.
 Fill the antifreeze in the winter and coolant in the
summer.
 Fluid leaks are a sign you are overdue for
maintenance.
Safe Drvng
Vehicle Tyres
Edition 2.2 Jan 2010 -SZS

Failure to maintain
correct tyre pressures is
one of the principle
causes of rapid shoulder
wear, uneven tread wear
and premature tyre
failure

  

Page 17
Safe Drvng
Vehicle Loading
Edition 2.2 Jan 2010 -SZS

Ensure ALL loads are



secured and vehicles
are not overloaded. 
Take care when lifting
or moving loads by 
hand.


Where ever possible

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material and
passengers are to 
be carried
separately.

If carried in the
same space the 
materials are to be
secured to prevent
injury to
passengers in the
event of a collision.
Edition 2.2 Jan 2010 -SZS
Rural & Remote Locations

In remote and isolated Appropriate quantities of


areas help may not easily drinking water, and food
be obtained in the event should be carried if there
of illness, injury, is a risk of being stranded.
incapacity, extreme &
inclement weather, Vehicles used for remote
violence, animal/insect work must be appropriate
attack or other emergency. and fit for purpose,
regularly maintained &
A Buddy system should have adequate spare
be utilised for high risk parts such as tyres.
tasks.
Emergency (mobile /
An immediate supervisor satellite) phones must be
or manager should be fit for purpose, tested
aware of travel itineraries, before departure & have
current locations & what spare, fully charged

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tasks are being batteries.
undertaken.
All safety equipment
An emergency response including first aid &
procedure should be vehicle breakdown/
developed & followed by rescue/ tool kits & fire
the works depot or office extinguishers must be
if staff fail to make checked before departure,
contact at the nominated be fit for purpose, and
time. regularly maintained.

Appropriate clothing to
protect from exposure to
adverse/ extreme weather
conditions (cold/ hot
temperature, wind, rain,
ice or snow, sun) must be
carried.
Edition 2.2 Jan 2010 -SZS
Manual Handlng

Manual Handling means any activity requiring the use of


force exerted by a person to lift, lower, push, pull, carry or
otherwise move, hold or restrain a person, animal or thing.

Examples of manual
handling activities:

Key Questions

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How Big is it?
How much does it weigh?
Can I move this comfortably or do I need assistance

Remember if it can be moved in another way


Do not lift it.
Edition 2.2 Jan 2010 -SZS
Manual Handlng

Page 21
Edition 2.2 Jan 2010 -SZS
Manual Handlng

Page 22
Edition 2.2 Jan 2010 -SZS
Safe Stacking On Site

Unsafe stacking can cause injuries as a


result of collapse, or when materials have
to be taken from stacks. Safe stacking not
only reduces risk, but also enhances site
efficiency.

Only stack materials in


designated areas. Make
sure that escape routes,
doorways and walkways

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are not obstructed.

Stack on level, firm


surfaces and use packing
where appropriate. Never
stack materials higher
than three times the base
width.

Make sure you wear


suitable protective clothing
such as gloves and safety
boots, and use handling
accessories as required.
Edition 2.2 Jan 2010 -SZS
Workng at Heght

Page 24
Working at height means work in any place where, if
precautions were not taken, a person could fall down and
injure themselves.
If you:
 work above ground level.
 could fall from an edge, throgh an opening or fragile surface.
 could fall from ground level into an opening in a floor or hole
in a ground;
You will be working at height, because you can fall from one
level to another level.
Fall prevention protection is required for any work where
there is the potential to fall a distance of 2m or more.
Wear and anchor your safety harness when working at
height, near openings and edges. Use only a safety harness
(safety belts are prohibited).
Workng at Heght
Barrcades
Edition 2.2 Jan 2010 -SZS

Do not used tape or ropes as barricades.

Page 25


Only cable, tubular pipes and other rigid materials which


are able to withstand 100 kg/f are allowed to be used as
barricades.

Appropriate barricades will prevent site personnel from


falling off the edge or through openings.
Workng at Heght
On the Edge
Edition 2.2 Jan 2010 -SZS

Tools are not to be


placed near the edge.

Keep them in a tool


box and away from the
edge.

Page 26
When working near
edges or openings,
ENSURE that you are
anchored to a lifeline.


Workng at Heght
On the Edge
Edition 2.2 Jan 2010 -SZS

When working at height,


ensure that the area below is
clear.

Barricade the affected area to


prevent entry.

 Station a watchman, and put


up a appropriate warning
signs.

Page 27

Workng at Heght
Workng On Towers
Edition 2.2 Jan 2010 -SZS

Page 28
Be sure that:-

You never climb a tower alone, there must always be


a watchman with you.

You check your harness prior to use and wear your


safety harness while climbing.

Secure yourself with two lanyards from two different


points.

Carry your hand tools in a bag.

Never climb a tower when its rainy or too windy.


Workng at Heght
Workng Platforms
Edition 2.2 Jan 2010 -SZS

Use a proper work


platform.

Remember ladders are


not working platforms.

Page 29

Workng at Heght
Moble Scaffold
Edition 2.2 Jan 2010 -SZS

 

Page 30
Lock the mobile
scaffold wheels when
it is stationary.

Anchor your safety


harness to a rigid
anchoring point and
not to the mobile
scaffold. This is to
prevent you from
falling with the mobile
scaffold if the mobile

scaffold topples.
NEVER move mobile
scaffold while there is
somebody on it.
Workng at Heght
Mobile Elevated Work platforms (MEWPs)
Edition 2.2 Jan 2010 -SZS

Ensure work areas are suitably barricaded.

Rain may alter the ground conditions.

Do NOT use in high winds.

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Do NOT suspend a load under the
platform.

Do NOT overload the work platform.

If there is a need to use a MWEPS within 15 metres


of a steel tower or 9 metres of a wooden / concrete
pole carrying overhead power lines a site safety
briefing is required before starting work, the
appropriate precautions taken while working.
Workng at Heght
Ladder Safety

Hazards
Edition 2.2 Jan 2010 -SZS

Poor condition
Improper selection
Improper use
Improper setup
Using unsafe work
practices
Tying two ladders
together

Dont Forget:
Only one person on a
ladder at a time.
When using a ladder

Page 32
ensure that it is Face the ladder while
climbing up or down
secured in place to and hold the side rails
prevent the ladder with both hands.
slipping or moving Carry tools up or down
while in use. on a belt or with a
Always inspect the rope or hoist, not in
ladder before use, do your hands.
not use damaged or Maintain 3-point
broken ladders. contact while climbing
Home made ladders the ladder: 2 hands
and one foot in
are NOT ALLOWED. transition.
Workng at Heght
Ladder Safety
Edition 2.2 Jan 2010 -SZS

Leaning Ladders in Use


Short duration work (max. 30 minutes)
Light work (up to 10 kg).
Ladder angle 75 degree - 1 in 4 rule (1 unit out
for every 4 units up).
Always grip the ladder when climbing.
Do not overeach.
Do not work off the top three rugs this
provides a handhold.
Ensure the ladder is secure.

Page 33
Machnery / Equpment Safety
Hand Tools
Edition 2.2 Jan 2010 -SZS

Employees who use hand and power tools and who


are exposed to the hazards of falling, flying,
abrasive and splashing objects, or exposed to
harmful dusts, fumes, mists, vapors, or gases must
be provided with the particular personal protection
equipment necessary to protect them from the
hazard.

Hazards involved in the use of tools can be


minimised by following five basic safety rules;

 Keep all tools in good condition with regular

Page 34
maintenance.
 Use the right tool for the job.
 Examine each tool for damage before use.
 Operate according to the manufacturers
instructions.
 Provide and use the proper Personal Protective
Equipment (PPE).
Machnery / Equpment Safety
Power Tools
Edition 2.2 Jan 2010 -SZS

When using power tools , take the general


precautions below:

 Never carry a tool by the cord or hose.


 Use appropriate PPE.
 Never yank the cord or the hose to disconnect it
from the socket.
 Keep cords and hoses away from heat, oil and
sharp edges.
 Disconnect tools when not in use, before servicing
and when changing accessories such as blades,
bits or cutters.
 All observers should be kept at a safe distance
away from the work area.

Page 35
 Secure work with clamps or a vise, freeing both
hands o operate the tool.
 Avoid accidental starting. DO NOThold a finger on
the switch button while carrying a plugged-in tool
 Tools should be maintaned with care.
 Follow instructions in the users manual for
lubricating and changing accessories.
 Be sure to keep good footing and maintain good
balance.
 All portable electric tools that are damaged shall be
removed from use.
Edition 2.2 Jan 2010 -SZS
Machnery / Equpment Safety

Page 36
 
Do not tamper with or remove safety guards.

Do not use the equipment / machinery if there is no


safety guard.

Only use equipment for which you have been trained.


Machnery / Equpment Safety
Lifting Equipment
Edition 2.2 Jan 2010 -SZS

Do not overload your


equipment/machinery.

Only trained and


authorised personnel
are allowed to operate
lifting equipment.

Page 37
Ensure that loads are secure before they are moved.


Machnery / Equpment Safety
Heavy Machinery

Only trained and authorised personnel


Edition 2.2 Jan 2010 -SZS

are allowed to use heavy machinery


Concentrate when operating heavy
machinery e.g. excavators, cranes and
bulldozers.

Page 38
Do not go near
machinery while they
are being operated.

 No unauthorised
person is allowed to
enter the work area
when lifting, piling and
excavation work is in
progress.

A Lack of concentration will result in undesirable incidents.


Edition 2.2 Jan 2010 -SZS
Weldng Safety

Ensure all equipment,


property, machinery
and irremovable
flammable materials
are covered with fire
blankets before any
welding is carried out.

Page 39
Ensure no flammable
materials are present
nearby when welding

Welding gloves should


conform to EN12477
(or equivalent)

Welding masks should


conform to EN 379 /

 EN 175 / EN 169
(or equivalent)
Housekeepng

Safety starts with good Housekeeping


Edition 2.2 Jan 2010 -SZS

Page 40
Poor housekeeping produces trip hazards.

 

Do not dispose of your unwanted Remove all protruding


materials from a height. nails or bend them over.

Keep your work area clean.


Edition 2.2 Jan 2010 -SZS
Floor Openngs

Do not leave open


holes unprotected.

 Report to your
safety department
immediately to have
it covered.

Page 41

Electrcal Safety
Electrcal Hazards
Edition 2.2 Jan 2010 -SZS

Shock Burns
Electric shock occurs Burns can result when
when the human body a person touches
becomes part of the electrical wiring or
path through which equipment that is
current flows. energized.
The direct result can
be electrocution. Explosions
The indirect result can Explosions occur
be injury resulting when electricity
from a fall or provides a source of
movement into ignition for an

Page 42
machinery because of explosive mixture in
a shock. the atmosphere.

Arc-blast Fires
Arc-blasts occur from Electricity is one of
high- amperage the most common
currents arcing causes of fires both in
through the air. This the home and in the
can be caused by workplace. Defective
accidental contact or misused electrical
with energized equipment is a major
components or cause.
equipment failure.
Electrcal Safety
Safety Procedure
Edition 2.2 Jan 2010 -SZS

Inspect all electrical equipment and wires


before use.

Ensure electrical equipment and cords are


tagged.

Use protective equipment such as rubber


gloves or boots.

Inspect portable equipment, including


extension cords, before each use and replace

Page 43
anything that's defective or damaged.

Be sure electric plugs match their receptacles;


never alter a plug.

Never use a metal ladder around live


electricity.

Only qualified electrical workers shall repair or


install electrical utilities and equipment.
Electrcal Safety

Never use damaged


Edition 2.2 Jan 2010 -SZS

Do not overload power electrical appliances,


sockets. exchange them with
your immediate
supervisor.

 

Page 44



Do not lay electrical
cables on the ground.
Use insulated cable
supports.


Electrcal Safety
Working Near Overhead Power Lines
Edition 2.2 Jan 2010 -SZS

If you need to work near an overhead power line


 Keep a safe distance between yourself and power lines.
 Before operating equipment, check the height of your
equipment.
 Never ride or climb on equipment when near a power line.
 Work around power lines to be done only during daylight
hours.
 If work is being carried out near the safe limit of
approach, use a trained observer to ensure that the

Page 45
required distance is maintained.
 Use appropriate barricades.
 If someone is in contact with a power line, do NOT touch
the person, their tools or equipment. STAY AWAY.
If equipment comes into contact with a power Line:
 Do not attempt a rescue until the electric has been de-
energized. Keep non-emergency personnel at least 90m
away.
 Notify the emergency services immediately.
 Have the equipment operator stay on the equipment until
advised that its safe to get off.
 If fire or other danger forces the operator off, have them
jump clear without touching the ground and the
equipment at the same time, shuffle or hop until at least
9 metres clear.
Fire Safety
Fire Rules
Edition 2.2 Jan 2010 -SZS

If You discover a fire or suspect a fire


Raise the ALARM and initiate an evacuation
Call for the Fire Service
Evacuate to the assembly point
ONLY IF it is SAFE to do so attempt to extinguish
the fire.
 Always position yourself with an exit or means of
escape at your back before you attempt to use an
extinguisher to put out a fire.

Leave IMMEDIATELY on hearing the alarm or if


instructed to leave the area.

Page 46
Never Fight a Fire
IF YOUR INSTINCTS TELL YOU NOT TO.
If you don't know what is burning.
If the fire is spreading rapidly .
That is producing a large amount of smoke .
If you don't have adequate or appropriate equipment.
Fire Safety
Fre Extinguishers Classification
Edition 2.2 Jan 2010 -SZS

Fire extinguishers are classified by the type fires on which


they may be used

Wood, Paper, Flammable Liquids, Electrical

Page 47
Plastic, Cloth Grease, Gas

Make sure you have the right type of Fire extinguishers

Extinguisher Class A Class B Class C

Water Extinguisher Yes No No


CO2 Extinguisher No Yes Yes
ABC Extinguisher Yes Yes Yes

Never fight a fire if your instincts tell you not to.


Fire Safety
How to use Fre Extinguishers

Most fire extinguishers operate using the P.A.S.S.


Edition 2.2 Jan 2010 -SZS

technique:

PASS = Pull - Aim - Squeeze - Sweep

 PULL... Pull the pin. This will also break the tamper
seal.

 AIM... Aim low, pointing the extinguisher nozzle (or


its horn or hose) at the base of the fire.

 SQUEEZE... Squeeze the handle to release the


extinguishing agent.

Page 48
 SWEEP... Sweep from side to side at the base of
the fire until it appears to be out.
 Watch the area. If the fire re-ignites, repeat steps.

If you have the slightest


doubt about your ability to
fight a fire
....EVACUATE IMMEDIATELY!
Edition 2.2 Jan 2010 -SZS
Excavations

 

Page 49
Ensure that the sides of an excavation pit are properly
shored before you go down to work.

Proper shoring,
access ladders and
barricades are

essential safety items
in excavation works.

Ensure their presence


before you enter an
excavation to work.
Edition 2.2 Jan 2010 -SZS
Confined Spaces

Confined spaces can include cellars, pits, tanks,


drains, manholes, sewers, and even some types
of excavation. Some are more obvious than
others, but confined spaces are more common
on construction sites than we realize.
Main Points:

Consider what may


comprise a confined

Page 50
space on your site!

A risk assessment
should be carried
out for all confined
spaces.

Never ever work


alone in a confined
space.
Edition 2.2 Jan 2010 -SZS
Confined Spaces

Other Points:
 Confined space atmospheres should be checked
prior to entry.
 Suitable PPE should be worn which may include
breathing apparatus, and may require specialist
training.
 Work in confined spaces must be supervised,
either physically or by communications/monitoring
equipment (remember failure procedures).
 Ensure any recovery equipment is checked and
serviceable prior to starting work.

Page 51
 Dont attempt a rescue without first sounding the
alarm.
 Always leave a confined space immediately if told
to do so.
 Dont eat, drink, smoke, or used naked flames in
confined spaces or in close proximity to entry.
 Remain alert to any changes in the
situation/environment. If in doubt - get out.
Edition 2.2 Jan 2010 -SZS
Laser / Fibre Optic Safety

Bare Fiber Safety Eye Safety Rules


If the shards get Never look into the
into your skin, you end of a cable that
might be in use.
will have to wait for
Cap all unused
them to work out.
connectors.
Wear eye Tape un-terminated
protection! fiber ends.
Put shards on Mark enclosures with
sticky tape. warning labels.
Account for all Laser test sources are
shards. dangerous, dont leave

Page 52
them lying around.

Only authorized-
trained employees
may:

 Install
 Service
 Maintain fiber-
optic systems
that are not
enclosed.

NEVER look directly into a fiber


end, a laser source or point a
laser in your eyes or at others!
RF Safety
Compliance Boundary / Exclusion Zone
Edition 2.2 Jan 2010 -SZS

Effects of RF Exposure Compliance Boundary


Tissue heating (effects In principle, RF levels
vary with exposed body
area). decrease rapidly when a
person moves further
Skin sensation - ONLY away from the source
from EXTREMELY high e.g. a transmitting
exposure. antenna.

RF burns from touching


an energised source. The distance at which
the RF level is always
Electric shock from below the RF limit is
induced currents. called the Compliance

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Boundary.
Areas which are
intended to be accessed
by the general public will Exclusion Zone
not exceed the RF limits The region inside the
for either the general Compliance Boundary is
public or workers.
often called the
At outdoor base station Exclusion Zone.
sites the RF limits will
not be exceeded at
ground level for either
the general public or
workers.
RF Safety
General Procedure for Antenna Stes
Edition 2.2 Jan 2010 -SZS

Assume all antennas are active, all personnel entering


the site must be authorised and obey all posted signs,
warnings and instructions.

Prior to arrival or before approaching transmitting


antennas, be sure you aware of and understand the
compliance boundaries and the locations of the
antennas.

If there is a need to climb masts/towers or work within 5


metres of a roof top antenna a site safety briefing is
required before starting work.

If it is necessary to work within the compliance boundary,


follow the procedure for requesting the antenna to be

Page 54
powered down.

Never disconnect RF cables or connectors associated


with a operating antenna since this may result in an RF
burn through direct contact with RF conductors.

Damaged cabling and connectors can be unwanted


sources of RF exposure report all such cases.

In addition to RF cabling, some base stations may have


fibre-optic distribution systems. Workers shall follow the
specific rules dealing with optical emissions.

Without further analysis, personnel with active medical


devices should not enter areas above the general public
limits .

Always follow the manufactures installation and


operating instructions.
RF Safety
RF Warnng Labels
Edition 2.2 Jan 2010 -SZS

Be sure you understand the Compliance Boundary /


Exclusion Zones before you start work.

Page 55

Remember signs may vary or may not be present.


RF Safety
Types of Antennas
Omni-directional coverage
These antennas radiate RF energy equally in all
directions in the horizontal plane.
Edition 2.2 Jan 2010 -SZS

The antenna input power is typically 10 80 watts, and


the compliance boundary for a worker typically extends
0.1 1.5 meters from the antenna.

Sector coverage
These antennas restrict most of their radiated RF
energy to a narrow angular sector in their forward
direction (typically 60 to 20 degrees in the horizontal
plane, typically 8 to 4 degrees in the vertical plane).

The antenna input power is typically 10 80 watts, and


the compliance boundary for a worker extends typically
0.2 3 meters from the front face of the antenna .

Antenna farms (or clusters)

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Antennas are often grouped together on masts .
The combination illustrated here is that of an omni-
directional antenna mounted above a cluster of 3 sector
antennas.

In the case that multiple antennas are present on a site,


whenever an additional antenna is installed, the
compliance boundary of each antenna should be
evaluated again, taking into account the additional
exposure of the newly installed antenna.

Radio relay (Microwave / fixed point-to-point link)


These antennas concentrate their RF energy into a
narrow beam in the forward direction. Since the power
levels are typically low, less than 1 watt, the safety
distances in this forward direction (L) are often small (in
centimetres) and in many cases there is no need of any
safety distance for occupational exposure .

Areas above, below and to the sides of the antenna, as


well as the area behind the antenna, are normally safe
at even shorter distances.

The Compliance Boundary for safe working around antennas is shown in


BLUE - Seek clarification before approaching antenna or working within 5m
Edition 2.2 Jan 2010 -SZS
Emergency Contact Numbers

Police ____

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Medical ____

Fire ____
Edition 2.2 Jan 2010 -SZS

Last and not least, whatever job you


do, do it safely.

Page 58
Your family needs you!!!

Remember -
Think Safety, Work Safely

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