DEPARTMENT OF
ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
QUESTION BANK
VI SEMESTER
EC 6602 Antenna and Wave Propagation
Regulation 2013
Academic Year 2016 17
Prepared by
Ms. N. Subhashini, Assistant Professor (SG)/ECE
Ms. R.Birundha, Assistant Professor /ECE
Mr. N. Rajesh, Assistant Professor/ECE
VALLIAMMAI ENGINEERING COLLEGE
SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur 603 203.
PART A
Q.No Questions BT Competence
1. List the antenna parameters. BTL 1 Remembering
5. What is an elementary dipole and how does it differ from the infinitesimal BTL 1 Remembering
dipole?
6. Review the types of an antenna. BTL 1 Remembering
7. Relate the Gain and Directivity of an antenna through proper expression. BTL 2 Understanding
8. Discuss about retarded potential in antenna. BTL 2 Understanding
Part B
1. Define and explain in detail the following antenna parameters. (a) Antenna BTL 1 Remembering
noise temperature (b) Bandwidth (c) Input Impedance (d) Effective
aperture. (16)
2. Describe the structure with diagram and operation principle of Yagi-Uda BTL 1 Remembering
array in detail. (16)
3. Select a proper method to match the impedance of the antenna and explain BTL 1 Remembering
in detail. Explain the impedance matching using Baluns. (16)
4. What is Poincare sphere? List the types of Polarization of an antenna and BTL 1 Remembering
explain in detail. (16)
5. Discuss in detail about the radiation from a small oscillating current BTL 2 Understanding
element with the required E and H field quantities and diagrams. (16)
6. Explain the structure of a folded dipole antenna and find the radiation BTL 2 Understanding
resistance and the admittance of the folded dipole. Relate the surrounding
temperature factors associated with the antenna temperature , through
proper explanation and expression. (16)
7. Discuss the radiated fields of a center fed /2 dipole antenna with an BTL 2 Understanding
appropriate expressions. Sketch the radiation pattern. (16)
8. Demonstrate the principle of radiation from an oscillating electric dipole. BTL 3 Applying
Derive the near field and far field expressions. (16)
9. Show that the directivity of an antenna depends on the power radiated. BTL 3 Applying
Using the expression obtained for directivity determine the maximum
directivity of the antenna for an infinitesimal linear dipole of length l<<
for which the radial component of the power density is
Wav = Wr = Ao (sin2 / r2) (W/m2) (16)
10. Derive the expression for the field quantities radiated from a /2 dipole BTL 4 Analyzing
and prove that the radiation resistance to be 73 . (16)
11. The power radiated by a lossless antenna is 10 Watts. The directional BTL 4 Analyzing
characteristics of the antenna are represented by the radiation intensity of
Radiation from rectangular aperture, Uniform and Tapered aperture, Horn antenna, Reflector
antenna, Aperture blockage, Feeding structures, slot antennas, Microstrip antennas-Radiation
mechanism, applications, Numeric tool for antenna analysis.
PART A
1. Discuss about the features of the pyramidal horn antenna. BTL 6 Creating
2. Determine the beam width and directivity of a pyramidal horn with BTL 5 Evaluating
aperture dimensions of 12 x 6 cm, operating at a frequency of 10
GHz.
3. List the merits and applications of offset feed reflector antenna. BTL 4 Analyzing
7. Classify the different feed structures used for parabolic reflector. BTL 4 Analyzing
9. Draw and explain the different types of horn antennas. BTL 5 Evaluating
12. Relate the field equivalence principle with aperture antennas. BTL 1 Remembering
13. Name some numerical tools that can be used to analyze an antenna. BTL 1 Remembering
14. Recall the definition of FNBW and HPBW of aperture antenna. BTL 1 Remembering
15. Outline the applications of microstrip antenna. BTL 2 Understanding
16. Illustrate any four CAD tools & their features for antenna analysis. BTL 2 Understanding
17. On what principle slot antenna works? Explain the principle. BTL 2 Understanding
18. Make use of the design equations design a microstrip patch antenna BTL 3 Applying
at an operating frequency of 6 GHz.
19. Identify the limitations of a microstrip patch antenna. BTL 3 Applying
20. Elaborate the Huygens principle for Aperture antennas. BTL 6 Creating
PART B
1. Describe rectangular apertures and derive expressions for its BTL 1 Remembering
uniform distribution on an infinite ground plane and space. (16)
2. (i) A rectangular aperture with a constant field distribution with BTL 1 Remembering
a=4 and b=3, is mounted on an infinite ground plane. Find the
(a) FNBW and HPBW in E-plane (b) FSLBW and FSLMM in E-
plane and (c) Directivity. (10)
(ii) Write short notes on the beamwidth and directivity of
rectangular apertures. (6)
3. Enumerate the radiation pattern and fields on the axis of an E- BTL 1 Remembering
plane and H-plane Sectoral horns. (16)
4. (i) Point out the principle of operation of a rectangular horn antenna BTL 4 Analyzing
with neat sketch. (8)
(ii) Examine the salient features of Flat and Corner reflector
antennas (8)
5. (i) Calculate the antenna gain and effective aperture of the reflector BTL 3 Applying
antenna that has a 0.5 deg HPBW at a frequency of 8.2 GHz. Assume
an efficiency constant = 0.6. (10)
(ii) A spherical reflector has a 10 feet diameter. If at 11.2 GHz the
maximum allowable phase error is /16. Find the maximum
permissible aperture. (6)
6. (i) Explain how a parabolic antenna gives a highly directional BTL 2 Understanding
pattern. (8)
(ii) Interpret the significance of f/D ratio of a parabolic reflector
(8)
7. (i) Explain in detail about the tapering in antennas. (6) BTL 5 Evaluating
(ii)A pyramidal horn antenna having aperture dimensions of a = 5.2
cm and b = 3.8 cm is used at a frequency of 10GHz. Determine its
gain and HPBW. (10)
8. (i) Identify the importance of Babinets principle on BTL 1 Remembering
complementary antennas. (8)
(ii) Draw different techniques used to feed the slot antenna. (8)
9. (i) Outline the numerical techniques useful for the analysis of BTL 2 Understanding
antenna. Explain one of them in detail. (6)
(ii) Summarize various feeding techniques for the rectangular
patch antenna with neat diagrams. (10)
10. Illustrate the aperture blockage and explain how it can be BTL 2 Understanding
overcome by the offset feed. What are the advantages of cassegrain
feed? (16)
11. With necessary sketches, illustrate the radiation mechanism of a BTL 3 Applying
microstrip patch antenna. (16)
12. With neat sketch, illustrate and explain the different feed BTL 4 Analyzing
mechanism used for parabolic reflector antennas. (16)
13. Evaluate the radiation mechanism of Horn antenna with diagram. BTL 4 Analyzing
Draw the different types of Horn structures. (16)
14. (i) In detail, develop the various methods of feeding a slot antenna. BTL 6 Creating
(8)
(ii) Formulate the Uniform aperture distribution on an infinite
ground plane for a circular aperture. (8)
PART A
1. What is meant by grating lobe? Mention the significance of side lobe BTL 1 Remembering
level.
2. Define array factor. BTL 1 Remembering
12. Identify the feed networks used in a phased array antenna . BTL 3 Applying
13. Illustrate the meaning and need for the binomial array. BTL 3 Applying
14. Find the directivity of broadside forms of arrays when a uniform linear BTL 4 Analyzing
array contains 50 isotropic radiation with an inter element spacing of
/2.
15. Classify antenna arrays. BTL 4 Analyzing
16. Explore the need for phase shifter in phased array antennas. BTL 4 Analyzing
18. Compare end fire and broad side array. BTL 5 Evaluating
19. A linear end fire, uniform array of 10 elements has a separation of /4 BTL 6 Creating
between elements. Formulate the directivity of an array.
20. Devise the relative excitation levels of a binomial array of 2 and 3 BTL 6 Creating
elements.
PART B
1. Enumerate the expression for steering vector of phased array antenna BTL 1 Remembering
and explain its significance. Give an account of beamforming
networks for phased array antenna. (16)
2. Obtain the expression for the field and the radiation pattern produced BTL 1 Remembering
by a N element array of infinitesimal with distance of separation / 2
and currents of unequal magnitude and phase shift 180 degree. (16)
3. (i)Quote and derive the expression for field pattern of broad side array of BTL 1 Remembering
N point sources. (8)
(ii)A linear broadside array consists of 4 equal isotropic in-phase point
sources with /3 spacing. Identify the directivity and beamwidth.(8)
11. (i)Analyze the working principle of phased array antenna with neat BTL 4 Analyzing
diagram. (8)
(ii)Describe the radiation mechanisms of binomial array with neat
sketches and derive the expression for array factor. (8)
12. Identify the direction of maximum and minimum radiation from the BTL 4 Analyzing
resultant radiation of two identical radiators which are spaced d = 3 /4
meters apart and fed with currents of equal magnitude but with 180o
phase difference. (16)
13. Deduce an expression for the far field of a continuous array of point BTL 5 Evaluating
sources of uniform amplitude and phase. Summarize and prove
mathematically for finding directions of pattern nulls of the array. (16)
14. An antenna array consists of two identical isotropic radiators spaced BTL 6 Creating
by a distance of d=/4 meters and fed with currents of equal
magnitude but with a phase difference . Compose the resultant
radiation for =00 and thereby identify the direction of maximum
radiation. (16)
UNIT IV SPECIAL ANTENNAS
Principle of frequency independent antennas Spiral antenna, Helical antenna, Log periodic.
Modern antennas - Reconfigurable antenna, Active antenna, Dielectric antennas, Electronic band
gap structure and applications, Antenna Measurements-Test Ranges, Measurement of Gain,
Radiation pattern, Polarization, VSWR.
PART A
4. How active antennas are wide interest for industrial applications? BTL 1 Remembering
7. Illustrate the difference between planar and conical spiral antenna. BTL 2 Understanding
8. Explain why frequency independent antennas are called so? BTL 2 Understanding
16. Select the requirements and types of anechoic chamber. BTL 4 Analyzing
PART B
PART A
13. Find the range of LOS system when receive and transmit BTL 3 Applying
antenna heights are 10 m and 100m respectively.
14. Examine how fading is compensated in multipath propagation. BTL 4 Analyzing
17. Express virtual height and actual height in terms of BTL 5 Evaluating
mathematical equations.
18. Find the critical frequency of an ionosphere layer which has an BTL 5 Evaluating
electron density of 1.24x106cm-3
19. Outline the features of duct propagation. BTL 6 Creating
PART-B
1. (i) Define the terms Skip distance and Virtual height. (6) BTL 1 Remembering
(ii)Write notes on the wave propagation in complex
environments. (10)
2. (i)What is the mechanism of space wave propagation over BTL 1 Remembering
ideal flat earth with a neat sketch? (8)
(ii) How does the earth affect ground wave propagation? (8)
3. (i) Tell about sky wave propagation and explain the Effects of BTL 1 Remembering
ionosphere abnormalities. (10)
(ii) Point out Critical frequency and maximum usable
frequency in wave propagation. (6)
4. (i) Review the effect of Earths magnetic field on ground wave BTL 1 Remembering
propagation. (8)
(ii)Can you tell the mechanism of ionospheric propagation
with neat diagram? (8)
5. (i) List out the properties of radio waves. (8) BTL 2 Understanding
(ii) Outline the expression for field strength at the receiving
antenna. (8)
6. (i) Summarize the structure of the atmosphere and explain BTL 2 Understanding
each layer in detail. (12)
(ii) Determine the critical angle of propagation for D-Layer, if
the transmitter and receiver are separated by 500km. (6)
7. (i) Summarize the attenuation characteristics for ground wave BTL 2 Understanding
propagation. (8)
(ii) Explain LOS propagation and troposcatter propagation (8)
8. (i) The receiver and the transmitter are located at the LOS on BTL 3 Applying
the earth. For such a case, solve and find the distance between
these two points on the earth. (10)
(ii) Illustrate the multihop propagation with diagram (6)
11. (i) Analyze about Duct propagation and explain in detail. (6) BTL 4 Analyzing
(ii) How would you explain surface wave propagation? (10)
12. (i) A free space LOS microwave link operating at 10GHz BTL 4 Analyzing
consists of a transmit and a receive antenna each having a gain
of 25dB. The distance between the two antennas is 30km and
the power radiated by the transmit antenna is 10W. Calculate
the path loss of the link and the received power. (8)
(ii) Derive the expression for the MUF for flat earth and
curved earth. (8)
13. Explain the tropospheric scatter propagation phenomenon. BTL 5 Evaluating
Discuss its advantages and disadvantages. (16)
14. Draw the electron density profile chart of an ionosphere and BTL 6 Creating
explain. Also derive an expression for the effective relative
dielectric constant of the ionosphere. Explain about reflection
and refraction of waves in ionosphere. (16)