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1
1. (i w j w) Love Me, Love My Dog

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listen to the audio files by scrolling over the red speaker button and double-clicking.

In this Chinese idiom (i w j w) Love me, love my dog, (i)

means like or love; (w) refers to house; (j) is a conjunction

which means and; (w) refers to (wy), which is crow.

(i w j w) is a Chinese idiom originally from a story in history a

long time ago:

Shngcho mnin, Zhu Wwng zi Jing Shng (Tigng) dng rn de


bngzh xi, chbng tof Zhuwng bng qd shngl.

At the end of the Shang dynasty, assisted by his counselor Jiangshang (Taigong)
and other capable men, King Zhou Wuwang successfully attacked and killed
Zhouwang, another King.

Zhuwng s hu, Wwng gn do tinxi bng miyu ndng.

After Zhouwang died, Wuwang still felt anxious since the country was still
unstable.

T wn Jing Tigng: Jn le Ynd, ynggi rh npi ji wngcho de


gunyun ne?
?
He asked Jiang Taigong: After we enter the capital Yin, how should we deal
with Yins officers?

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Jing Tigng shu: W tngshu gu zhyng de hurgu xhun n g
rn, ji lin t wdng shng de wy y xhun; rgu b xhun n g rn, ji
lin t ji de qingb h lba y toyn.

Jiang Taigong said, Ive heard of a sayingif you love a person, you should also
love the crows on his roof; if you hate somebody, you should hate the walls
and bamboo fences of his house as well.

Jish shu, sh jn qunb de drn, y g y b lixi. Dwng n kn


znmeyng?

That is to say: eliminate all the hostile elements. How is that, your Majesty?

Wwng rnwi b nng zhyng.

Wuwang didnt think it was a good idea.

Zhsh Zhugng shu do: W rnwi yngdng rng tmen du hu do zj


jil, gz gngzhng zj de tind.

Zhougong then said, In my opinion, we should ask them to go back home and
farm on their own land.

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Wwng tng le fichng goxng, xn zhng hu rn ki lng, jude tinxi
ky ndng le.

Wuwang was enlightened and delighted to hear the suggestion. He was


confident about the future and the stability of the country.

(shngc) Voca

1. (wngcho): n. Dynasty.

2. (wdng): n. Roof.

3. (qingb): n. Wall.

4. (lba): n. Fence.

5. (hu rn ki lng): To be suddenly enlightened.

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3
2. (Bn nio xin fi)

Clumsy Birds Have to Start Flying Early

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Sh shng y zh nio mma f ch le li zh nio bobao,

A bird hatches six baby birds,

Xioli yu shu yu xio, gge jijie men du qfu t;

Xiaoliu is very weak and small; his sisters and brothers usually bully him.

Jngchng cng t zul qing chngzi, xioli zh di zhe dzi.

The other birds usually rob food from his mouth, and Xiaoliu suffers from
hunger.

Gge jijie men jio t bn nio.

Sisters and Brothers call him clumsy bird.

Ysh t juxn dunlin ho shnt, rng gge jijie men b zi choxio zj.

He decides to exercise more to be healthier, in order to not be teased by his


sisters and brothers.

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T zhq fichng d, mitin du q de hn zo,

Xiaoliu has a strong will and gets up very early every day.

Dng gge jijie men xngli, t yjng po wn b, ch wn chngzi le.

He always finishes exercising and eating worms by the time his sisters and
brothers wake up.

Dngtin do le, nioqn yo nn fi le; bnnio sh nioqn zhng d y g fi


wng nnfng de.

When the winter is coming and the bird flock prepares to fly to the south, the
clumsy bird is the first one to start flying.

Key Learning Points

1. (Bnnioxinfi) Clumsy birds have to start flying early.

Usage:
(bnnioxinfi) Clumsy birds have to start flying early is used to

describe someone who compensates for his/her weaknesses by working hard.


The character (bn) means clumsy. (nio) means bird; (xin)

means first and (fi) means to fly.

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Example:
W xingxn tnggu nl w hu ddo mbio de, bnnioxinfi ma!

A slow bird should make an early start; I believe I can reach my goal through
hard work.

2. (juxn): v. To resolve.

Example:
T juxn zhc yo ko qunbn dy.

She resolves to win the first place in this examination.

3. (zhq): n. Aspiration.

Example:
Bi zhyng, yu zhq dinr, chngxn zhnzu qli

Dont be like that; please cheer up again with a strong aspiration.

1. (choxio): n./v. Laugh.

2. (qfu): v. To bully.

3. (dunlin): v. To exercise.

4. (nioqn): n. Bird flock.

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6
3. (Bn t r fi) To Give Up Halfway

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Wigu yu g jio Yu Yngz de rn do yunfng q xnsh qixu.

There was a man called Yue Yangzi in the Wei State who went far away to study.

Y nin hu, Yu Yngz ji huli le.

A year after departing, he returned.

Qzi wn t wih zhme zo ji huji le.

His wife asked why he came back so early.

Yu Yngz shu: "chmn shjin chng le xing ji."

He said, "I've been away so long, I just missed home."

Qzi tng hu, n q y b jindo b gng zh ho de b jin dun le.

Then his wife took a pair of scissors and cut the cloth she had just woven.

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7
Rnhu shu: "zh b sh y gn s y gn s jli qli de, w xinzi y jing t
jindun, zhyng yqin de shjin ji du bibi lngfi le."

Then she said: This cloth was woven one thread at a time. Now I have cut it, so
the time spent weaving it was wasted.

Qzi jizhe yu shu: "dsh ysh zhyng, ynggi mitin hud xn de


zhshi, rgu bn t r fi, h gdun zhb yu shnme ling yng ne?"

Continuing she said, Study is also like this. You should learn new knowledge
everyday. If you give up halfway, it is the same as cutting the cloth."

Yu Yngz bi qzi de hu shnshn gndng le, ysh yu q wnchng xuy,


y lin q nin miyu hu gu ji.

Yue Yangzi was very moved by what his wife said and went on to finish his
studies. This time, he didnt return home for seven years.

This story tells people not to do things halfway. It is also frequently used now
to persuade people to persist in their study or work.

Key Learning Points

1. (huji): v. To go home.

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Example:
Shjin b zo le, w di gnjn huji le.

It's getting late and I must go home.

2. (rnhu): adv. Then/after that.

" (rnhu)" is a phrase showing that one thing follows another. Now it has

become a frequently-used phrase in daily life, especially on talk shows.


Example:
Mi K: Qngwn fjn yu shdin ma?

Mike: Excuse me. Is there a bookstore near here?

Zhng Ji: N ynzhe zh tio l yzh zu, rnhu zu zhun ji nng kn do


le.
,

Zhang Jie: Can you see that road? Just go straight along it, then, turn left, you
cant miss it.

1. (lngfi): v. To waste.

2. (gndng): v. To be moved.

3. (shjin): n. Time.

4. (dsh): n. Study.

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9
4. (Du ni tn qn) To Play the Harp to a Cow

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listen to the audio files by scrolling over the red speaker button and double-clicking.

" (du ni tn qn)" is used by Chinese people to describe someone

who is explaining something complicated to a fool, or sometimes this idiom is

used to describe a person who is trying to tell something to the wrong


audience. In English, people sometimes joke around by sarcastically saying
"whistle jigs to a milestone" or "cast pearls before swine" to mean "

(dunitnqn)."

Zhngu shdi, yu y g jio Gngmng Y de ynyuji, t hn hu tnqn.

During the Warring States Period, there was a musician named Gongming Yi,
who played musical instruments very well.

Hn du rn du xhuan tng t tnqn, rnmen hn jngzhng t.

There were a great number of people fond of listening to him play, and who
respected him greatly.

Ytin, Gngmng Y zi jiowi yuwn sh, kn do le y tu ni.

One day, Gongming Yi saw a cow when he was relaxing in the countryside.

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T xing: dji du znyng w de qnj, br w gi ni y tn y q ba.
!

He thought, "Everybody compliments my music. Why don't I play some music


for this cow?"

T gi ni tnzu le y q gy de qzi, ni mitu ch co b l t.

He played a piece of elegant quaint music for the cow, but the cow just kept
grazing the grass with its head down.

T yu tnzu le yq hunkui de qzi, ni yrn mitu ch co b l t.

He played another piece of joyful music, but the cow still kept its head down to
graze the grass and totally ignored him.

Gngmng Y nch zj de qunb bnlng, jigu ni hish b l t.

Gongming Yi showed off all his skills, but the cow still ignored him.

Gngmng Y fichng shwng, kish huiy zj de qnj.

Gongming Yi was disappointed and started to question his ability.

Lrn shu: "bsh n tn de qn b ho, rsh ni gnbn tng b dng a."

A passerby said to him,"It's not because your ability is bad. It is because the
cow can not understand music at all."

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The cow could not understand the beautiful music like humans. The swanky
musician tried his best to play for the cow, but it was just like trying to tell
something to somebody who can hardly understand. The idiom "

(dunitnqn)" is used to describe this sort of situation, or kind of person.

Key Learning Points

(du ni tn qn)

Dialogue:
rzi: Mma, zhc kosh w yu mi jg.
:

Son: Mum, I failed this exam.

Mma: W mitin du zhfu n hohao xux, jinzh sh du ni tn qn a.

Mother: I asked you to work hard everyday, but its just like playing a harp to a
cow.

Example:
Shule nme du, t du tng b dng, w zhn sh du ni tn qn a.

He cannot understand even when I say it again and again. It seems that I am
just playing a harp to a cow.

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12
5. (Hu sh tin z)

Draw a Snake and Add Feet to It

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listen to the audio files by scrolling over the red speaker button and double-clicking.

Chgu yu g guz.

During the Chu dynasty, there was an aristocrat.

J gu zzong yhu, t b y h j ji shng gi bngmng de prn.

After worshiping the ancestors (on one day), he gave a jug of libation to the
servants who helped him.

Prn shngliang shu: Wmen du li hu sh, shu xin hu ho, shu ji h


zh h ji.

The servants discussed among themselves and said: Every servant would draw
a snake on the ground. The man who finished first would drink the wine.

Yu y g rn hn kui b sh hu ho le.

One man finished very quickly.

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13
T dun q jih zhng yo h, kn do birn hi zi mng zhe hu sh, ji
dy de shu: W nnggu zi gi sh tin shng j zh jio ne!

He was about to drink the wine. However, when he saw others were still busy
drawing, he said in triumph: I can add feet to my snake.

Ksh mi dng t b jio hu wn, lng y g rn yjng b sh hu chng le.

However, before he finished drawing the feet, another man finished drawing a
snake.

N rn b n h ji qing guq, shu: Sh bnli sh miyu jio de, n


znme nng gi t tin shng jio ne?

That man grabbed the jar and said: Who has ever seen a snake with feet? How
do you add feet to it?

Shu wn, bin b h zhng de ji h le xiq.

Then, he drank up the wine.

Ng gi sh hu jio de rn zuzhng miyu h do ji.

The man who added feet to the snake didnt get the wine in the end.

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Key Learning Points

1. (sh): n. Snake.

Example:
T hn hip sh.

She was afraid of snakes.

2. (hu): v./n. To draw/picture.

Examples:
Verb:
A: N zi hu shnme ne?
A:

A: What are you drawing?

B: W zi hu n zh mo.
B:

B: Im drawing that cat.

Noun:
T b gng mi de hu gu zi le qing shng.

He hangs the picture he just bought on the wall.

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6. (Jng gng zh nio)

A Bird Startled by the Mere Twang of a Bow String

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listen to the audio files by scrolling over the red speaker button and double-clicking.

Nowadays, " (jng gng zh nio)" is used to describe people who are

so frightened from past experience that they become extremely nervous when
encountering similar situations again.

Zhngu sh, Wigu yu y g jio Gng Li de shjin nngshu.

During the Warring States Period, there was an expert archer from the Wei
State named Geng Lei.

Yu y tin, Gng Li knjin y zh dyn cng tudng shng fi gu.


One day, Geng Lei saw a goose flying overhead.

T bin du Wiwng shu: "Dwng, w ky b yng jin, zh l y xi gng,


zh zh dyn ji nng dio xilai.

He said to the Wei Emperor: "Your Majesty, I can shoot the goose without an
arrow."

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"Shjin nng ddo zhyng de shupng?" Wiwng wn.

"Can archery achieve this level?" the Wei Emperor said.

Gng Li bin jq gng, zh l le y xi xin, n zh dyn ji cng bn kng


zhng dio le xi lai.

Geng Lei raised his bow, pulled just the bowstring and the goose fell down.

Wiwng kn do hu d ch y jng, shu: "Zhn yu zhyng de shqing!"

The Wei Emperor was startled by this and said: "It really happened!"

Gng Li du Wiwng jing: "Ynwi zh zh dyn shnshng yu jin shng,


suy fi de hn mn.

Geng Lei said to the Wei Emperor: "The goose was flying slowly because it had
been wounded by an arrow.

rqi dng t tngdo gngxin shngxing hu, hip zic bi jin sh zhng,
ysh ji pnmng wng go fi.

And when it heard the sound of the bow string, it was afraid of being hurt
again, so it tried its best to soar.

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Dn shngku yu liki le, tngtng nn rn, ji cng kngzhng dio le xi
lai."

But its wound opened again and hurt the goose, so it fell from the sky."

Key Learning Points

1. (mn): adj. Slow.

Dialogue:
A: Mma, jntin de fn k zhn ho ch.
A:

A: Mum, today's meal is so delicious.

B: Mn din ch, bi lng tn h yn de.


B:

B: Eat slowly and don't gobble.

2. (hip): v. To be afraid of.

Dialogue:
A: N xinzi zu hip shnme?
A:

A: What are you most afraid of?

B: W zu hip mi ko ho, r bba shngq.


B:

B: I'm most afraid of not doing well on the test and angering my father.

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1. (knjin): v. To see.

2. (shngku): n. Wound.

3. (shngq): v. To anger.

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19
7. (Kng Rng rng l)

Kong Rong Gave Away Bigger Pears

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listen to the audio files by scrolling over the red speaker button and double-clicking.

Dnghn shhou, yu g jio Kng Rng de rn. T xioshhou hn cngming,


yu w g gge, yg ddi.

In the Eastern Han Dynasty, there was a person called Kong Rong. Hed been
very smart ever since he was a little boy. He had five older brothers and one
younger brother.

Ytin bba mi le yxi lzi, ty jinle y g zu d de gi Kng Rng, Kng


Rng qu yotu b yo, n le y g zu xio de l.

One day his father bought some pears, picking one of the largest and giving it

to Kong Rong deliberately. But Kong Rong shook his head and picked up the
smallest one.

Bba hn hoq, jiwn: Wishnme ne?

His dad was very curious, and asked: Why?

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Kng Rng shu: W ninj xio, w ch xio l, d de gi gge ch.

Kong Rong said: I am younger, so I should eat the smaller pear, and brothers
should eat the bigger ones.

Bba tng hu hn goxng, yu wn: N ddi b n hi xio ya?

His dad was very glad after hearing his words, but asked further: What about
your younger brother who is younger than you are?

Kng Rng shu: W b ddi d, w sh gge, w ynggi b d de li gi xio


ddi ch.

Kong Rong said: I am older than him, so I should leave the bigger one to my
little brother.

Huli, Kng Rng chngwi le y g hn yu xuwn de rn.

Later, Kong Rong became a great scholar.

1. (l) is the Chinese character for pear.

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21
Example:
T zu xhuan ch l le.

She loves to eat pears most.

2. (lw) n. Gift.

(l) refers to gift and (w) refers to object.

Example:
Shngr jhu shng, t shudo le hndu lw.

He receives a lot of gifts at his birthday party.

3. (cngmng): adj. Smart

4. (hoq): adj. Curious.

5. (yotu): v. Shake ones head.

6. (ty de): adv. Deliberately.

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22
8. (Mngrn m xing)

Blind Men and an Elephant

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Cngqin, yu s g mngrn hn xing zhdo dxing sh shnme yngzi.

In ancient times, there were four blind men. They were curious to know what
an elephant looked like.

Ksh tmen kn b jin, zhho yng shu q m dxing.

Since they couldn't see anything, they had no way but to touch an elephant.

Png mngrn m do le dxing de ych. T ji shu: "W zhdo le, dxing


ji xing y g yu d yu c de lubo."

The fat blind man touched the elephant's teeth, and said, "I see, an elephant is
just like a big and thick radish."

Go gzi mngrn m do de sh dxing de rduo. T shu: "B du, dxing


mngmng sh y b d pshn ma!"

The tall blind man touched one of the elephant's ears, and said, "You are wrong,
an elephant is just like a palm-leaf fan."

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23
"Nmen jng xishu, dxing zhsh gn d zhzi." i gzi mngrn hn qli,
ynwi t m do le dxing de tu.

"What nonsense are you talking about? An elephant is just a big pillar!" The
short blind man shouted, because he just touched a leg of the elephant.

D s wi ninlo de mngrn ne, t m do le wiba, dnang zhe: "i, dxing


n yu nme d, t zh bgu sh y gn coshng."

The fourth old blind man touched the tail and burbled, "Hey, how can an
elephant be so big? It is just a straw rope!"

The four men quarreled with each other endlessly and they all thought
themselves were right. In fact, none of them was right and really knew what an
elephant looks like. This Chinese story tells us that we can't draw conclusions
from incomplete information.

Key Learning Points

1. (ych): n. Teeth.

Example:
Xiohi ch ti du tng du ych b ho.

Eating too much sugar will do harm to kids' teeth.

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2. (xing): n. Elephant.

In spoken Chinese, we often use " (dxing)" to refer to elephant.

Dialogue:
A: Mma, n xiw nng di w q dngwyun ma? W xing q kn dxing,
hiyu loh.
A:

A: Mum, can you take me to the zoo in the afternoon? I want to see elephants
and tigers.

B: Ho , bobi.
B:

B: Ok, baby.

1. (pshn): n. Palm-leaf fan.

2. (zhzi): n. Pillar.

3. (coshng): n. Straw rope.

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25
9. (Wng yng b lo)

Its Never Too Late to Take Action

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Cngqin yu g rn, yng le j zh yng.

Once upon a time, there was a shepherd who kept several sheep.

Y tin zoshang, t fxin sho le y zh yng.

One morning, the shepherd discovered that one of his sheep was missing.

Yunli yngjun p le g klong, yjin lng cng klong l zun jnli b yng
dio zu le.

It turned out that, during the night, a wolf had stolen his sheep through a hole
in the sheep pen.

Lnju qungo t shu: "gnkui b yngjun xiyxi, d shng n g klong


ba."

His neighbor suggested to him: "You should fix the pen and cover the hole
right away."

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26
T shu: "yng yjng di le, hi xi yngjun gnshnme ne?" T mi jishu
lnju de qungo.

But the shepherd said: "The sheep are already lost, so I don't need to repair it."
And so he rejected the neighbor's suggestion.

D r tin zoshang, t q fngyng, fxin yu sho le yzh yng.

The next morning, he discovered that another sheep was missing.

Yunli lng yu cng klong l zun jnli b yng dio zu le.

Once again, the wolf had stolen the sheep through the hole in the fence.

T hn huhu, bgi b jishu lnju de qungo.

The shepherd regretted not taking the neighbor's advice.

T gnkui d shng n g klong, b yngjun xi de jijieshshi de.

So he plugged the hole to secure the sheep pen.

Cngc, t de yng zi miyu bi lng dio zu le.

From then on, the wolf stole no more sheep .

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Key Learning Points

1. (lng): n. Wolf.

Example:
N tnggu "lng h xio yng" de gshi ma?

Have you ever heard the story of The Wolf and the Little Lamb?

2. (jishu): v. To take/ to accept.

Example:
W jishu n de doqin le, wmen hish ho pngyou.

I accept your apology, and we are still close friends.

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10. (Xu zhng sng tn)

To Offer Fuel in Snowy Weather

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listen to the audio files by scrolling over the red speaker button and double-clicking.

Sngcho de shhou, Sng Tizng Zho Gungy sh yg gunxn qingkrn


de hungd.

Zhao Guangyi was an emperor who cared a lot for the poor in the Song
Dynasty.

Yu y nin xi d xu, tinq fichng de hnlng, rnmen du du zi wl


yhn.

One year, it snowed heavily, and the weather was so cold that people stayed in
their houses to keep themselves warm.

Sng Tizng zhngzi gng zhng xixi, ybin qnun, ybin pnchng
gzhng miwi jiyo.

The emperor Song Taizong was resting in the palace; he tested a variety of
delicious foods while keeping warm.

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Dng t kn do chung wi de dxu sh, hrn xingq le nxi klin de
qingrn.

When he saw the snow outside the window, he suddenly thought of the poor
people.

Tmen ch b bo, chun b nun, zhngzi d xu zhng i'dngshu'.

They didn't have enough food to eat and enough clothes to wear; they were
suffering from the cold and hunger.

Ysh, Sng Tizng ji pi gunyun di shng xdu lingshi h mtn,


lido lobixng shnghu de dfang.

Then, the emperor Song Taizong sent his officials to take food and charcoal to
the place where his people lived.

Gunyunmen b lingshi h mtn snggi nxi qingkrn h gd de


lorn.

The officials gave food and charcoal to the poor and the old.

Rng tmen yu m zufn, yu mtn shnghu qnun le.

Then they had rice to cook and charcoal to keep warm.

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Zh jin sh dngsh hngdng le zhngg jngchng.

This event created quite a stir in the entire capital at the time.

Huli, rnmen ji yng xu zhng sng tn li xngrng: zi birn jx


bngzh sh, jy birn wzh h jngshn shng de bngzh.

Later, people use the phrase "To offer fuel in snowy weather" to describe giving
others help when theyre in need.

1. (mtn): n. Charcoal.

" (m)" refers to wood and " (tn)" refers to charcoal.

Example:
Dngtin de shhou, rnmen jngchng yng mtn qnun.

In cold winter, people often use charcoal for heating.

2. (pnchng): v. Taste.

" (pn)" and " (chng)" both mean taste here.

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Example:
Dji pnchng xi zh do ci, hn ho ch!

Please have a taste of this dish, it's very delicious!

3. (hungd): n. Emperor.

4. (hrn): adv. Suddenly.

5. (qnun): v. To keep warm.

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