TRICHOMONIASIS

THASLIFA

STIKes Mega Rezky Makassar

2015
Introduction
Trichomoniasis is an infection of the human urogenital
tract
Caused by the protozoan Trichomonas vaginalis
Sexually transmitted protozoan pathogen that may cause
more than one-half of all curable sexually transmitted
genital infections worldwide (non-viral STD)
Common at the age of 16-35 (sexually active period)
Cont...
More pathogenic in women than men
Suitable pH for the parasite is 4.9 (low acidic).
High in population at high risk for other venereal
diseases and poor feminine hygiene.
Cont...
Genus Trichomonas has 3 distinct species:

T. Hominis inhabit large intestine and non

pathogenic.
T. tenax inhabit oral cavity & commensals.
T. vaginalis the Urogenital pathogenic flagellate
Morphology of Trophozoite Stage
7-23 m lenght, 5-15 m
width
Flagellates :15-18m,
Pyriform
4 flagella,
Undulating membrane
Axostyle,
Cystostome,
Granula >,
Nucleus
Life Cycle of Trichomonas vaginalis
 In the vagina and urethra of infected females
Discharge, burning, itching, frequency of urination and disuria.

vagina
 In the urethra and prostate of infected males
Disuria

urethra prostate
epididymus
Exposure to certain objects that are infested with the
parasite ;
Damp towels and washclothes
Wet clothing such as bathing suits
Toilet seats
Diagnosis
Symptom & sign
In women, a pelvic examination can reveal small red
ulcerations on the vaginal wall or cervix
Direct microscopic examination of secretions - wet mount
Sample of vaginal fluid or urethral fluid
Rapid antigen detection: Immunochromatographic test that
detects pathogen antigens from vaginal swab
Culture was considered as a gold standard before the
availability of molecular tests
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods: DNA hybridization
probe test
Nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT)
Prevention
Asymptomatic, the only way to reduce the population
prevalence of this pathogen is through screening of
individuals and providing treatment to individuals and
their sexual partners.
Several studies have documented improved cure rates in
women whose male partners received treatment.
Persons who report use of male or female condoms have
a reduced incident of recurrent trichomoniasis. There is
no effective vaccine against T. vaginalis.