States of

Matter
Lessons 1 – 4

CXECA08ARD101_LLR_CV1.indd 3 3/22/06 1:39:30 PM

 Copyright © by Harcourt, Inc.

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in

any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording,
or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the
publisher.

Requests for permission to make copies of any part of the work should be addressed to
School Permissions and Copyrights, Harcourt, Inc., 6277 Sea Harbor Drive, Orlando,
Florida 32887-6777. Fax: 407-345-2418.

HARCOURT and the Harcourt Logo are trademarks of Harcourt, Inc., registered in the
United States of America and/or other jurisdictions.

Printed in the United States of America

ISBN-13: 978-0-15-349143-6
ISBN-10: 0-15-349143-4

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 179 15 14 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 06

If you have received these materials as examination copies free of charge, Harcourt
School Publishers retains title to the materials and they may not be resold. Resale of
examination copies is strictly prohibited and is illegal.

Possession of this publication in print format does not entitle users to convert this
publication, or any portion of it, into electronic format.

CXECA08ARD101_LLR_CV1.indd 4 2/20/06 3:58:17 PM

 States of
Mat ter
Lessons 1–4

Matter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2
Properties of Matter . . . . . .4
Solids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6
Liquids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
Measuring Liquids . . . . . . .10
Gases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12
Measuring Gases . . . . . . . .14

Visit The Learning Site!

www.harcourtschool.com

CXECA08ARD101_LLR1-4 1 2/20/06 3:36:13 PM

 Mat ter

solid

Everything is matter.
Matter can be a solid.

CXECA08ARD101_LLR1-4 2 2/13/06 6:30:20 PM

 Matter can be a liquid.
It can be a gas.
gas

liquid
3

CXECA08ARD101_LLR1-4 3 2/13/06 6:30:27 PM

 Proper ties
of Mat ter
All matter takes up space.
This is a property of matter.

CXECA08ARD101_LLR1-4 4 2/13/06 6:30:35 PM

 All matter has mass.
This is a property of matter, too.

CXECA08ARD101_LLR1-4 5 2/13/06 6:30:43 PM

 Solids

Everything in this
picture is a solid.

Solid matter keeps its shape.

CXECA08ARD101_LLR1-4 6 2/13/06 6:30:49 PM

 A ruler
measures length.

You can measure how long a solid is.

You can measure the mass of a solid.

A balance
measures mass.
7

CXECA08ARD101_LLR1-4 7 2/13/06 6:31:11 PM

 Liquids

You can pour a liquid.

Liquid matter flows.

It changes shape.

CXECA08ARD101_LLR1-4 8 2/13/06 6:31:20 PM

 Some solids float in water.
Some sink.

float

sink

CXECA08ARD101_LLR1-4 9 2/13/06 6:31:33 PM

 Measuring
Liquids

measuring cup

How much space does a liquid take up?

Use a measuring cup to find out.

10

CXECA08ARD101_LLR1-4 10 2/13/06 6:31:40 PM

 balance

How much mass does a liquid have?

Use a balance to measure mass.

11

CXECA08ARD101_LLR1-4 11 2/13/06 6:31:46 PM

 Gases

Air takes the shape

of the balloons.

Gas is matter that has no shape.

Gas takes the shape of its container.

12

CXECA08ARD101_LLR1-4 12 2/13/06 6:31:52 PM

 Air is made of many gases.

Air that moves

makes a kite fly.

13

CXECA08ARD101_LLR1-4 13 2/13/06 6:32:03 PM

 Measuring
Gases

The water
goes up
because the
balloon takes
up space in
the bowl.

How much space does gas take up?

You can measure to find out.

14

CXECA08ARD101_LLR1-4 14 2/13/06 6:32:11 PM

 How much mass does gas have?
You can use a balance to find out.

The blue balloon has more

mass than the orange balloon.
15

CXECA08ARD101_LLR1-4 15 2/13/06 6:32:20 PM

 Vocabulary
matter, p. 2
solid, p. 2
liquid, p. 3
gas, p. 3
property, p. 4
mass, p. 5
measure, p. 7
float, p. 9
sink, p. 9
balance, p. 11
air, p. 13

16

CXECA08ARD101_LLR1-4 16 2/13/06 6:32:26 PM

 Think About the Reading

1. What questions do you have

about solids, liquids, and gases?
2. What can you do to find the
answers to your questions?

Hands-On Activity

1. Make a tracing of your hand.

2. Measure each finger. Write the
length of each finger.

School-Home Connection

Tell a family member what you have

learned about matter. Take turns
naming solids and liquids you use at
home.

CXECA08ARD101_LLR_CV1.indd 5 2/20/06 3:42:19 PM