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PERCENTAGES

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They may be freely duplicated and distributed but copyright remains with the author.
2015 Martin Hansen
PERCENTAGES I
Chapter 1
Percentages : Year 9
Non Calculator

1.1 Memory percentages


To this table of common fractions add the percentage equivalents.
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
2 3 4 5 10 20 25 50 100

Once you know this table you can convert many other, apparently more awkward,
fractions into percentages.

1.2 Examples
Example 1.
Convert the following common fractions into percentages;
(i) ( ii ) ( iii )
3 3 1
5 20 8

( iv ) (v) ( vi )
1 7 17
200 5 10

Example 2.
What percentage of the grid is shaded ?
(i) ( ii )

Fractions like , , are often called common fractions or vulgar fractions as opposed to decimal
fractions, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75. The word fraction on its own can mean either.
1.3 Exercise

Question 1.
Convert the following common fractions into percentages;
(i) ( ii ) ( iii )
2 7 3
5 20 4

( iv ) (v) ( vi )
3 7 2
20 25 3

( vii ) ( viii ) ( ix )
13 4 12
50 5 25

(x) ( xi ) ( xii )
11 3 3
20 100 50

( xiii ) ( xiv ) ( xv )
8 13 5
5 10 4

Question 2.
What percentage of the grid is shaded ?
(i) ( ii )
Question 3.
Convert the following percentages into common fractions;
(i) 10% ( ii ) 15% ( iii ) 50%

( iv ) 20% (v) 66 23 % ( vi ) 8%

( vii ) 70% ( viii ) 3% ( ix ) 12%

(x) 28% ( xi ) 45% ( xii ) 95%

( xiii ) 80% ( xiv ) 32% ( xv ) 96%

Question 4.
(i) Shade in 40% ( ii ) Shade in 50%

These lesson notes are available from www.piLEARN.com


They may be freely duplicated and distributed but copyright remains with the author.
2015 Martin Hansen
1.4 Homework Exercise

Table of common fractions with percentge equivalents


1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
2 3 4 5 10 20 25 50 100
50% 33 13 % 25% 20% 10% 5% 4% 2% 1%

Question 1.
^ ^ In tests 7 out of every 10 cat owners said that their
o o cat preferred purrfecta cat food.
% What percentage of cats is this ?
#Purrcentages < == >

Question 2.
A sign advertising a can of Lilt claims that it contains 20% extra free.
As a vulgar fraction how much extra is this ?
(Chose one answer)
1 1
A 5 B 3

1 1
C 4 D 6

Question 3.
A sign advertising a can of Fanta claims that it contains 23 extra free.
As a vulgar fraction how much extra is this ?
(Chose one answer)
A 33 13 % B 12.5%

C 66 23 % D 75%

Question 4.
Write the following vulgar fractions as percentages;
2 3 2
(i) 5 ( ii ) 4 ( iii ) 25

3 17 7
( iv ) 20 (v) 100 ( vi ) 50
Question 5.
Write the following percentages in the form of common fractions;
(i) 30% ( ii ) 60% ( iii ) 5%

( iv ) 10% (v) 99% ( vi ) 25%

Question 6.
Rewrite each of the following test results as a percentage;
(i) In a 10 mark test Leighton gets 7 questions correct.

( ii ) In a 20 mark test George gets 19 questions correct.

( iii ) In a 25 mark test Toby gets 23 questions correct.

( iv ) In a 20 mark test William gets 3 questions wrong.

Question 7.
(i) Write down the name of each month that starts with the letter J.

( ii ) What percentage of months start with the letter J ?

Question 8.
Which is the odd one out ?
Give a reason for your answer.

Half price Buy one get one free 50% off

These lesson notes are available from www.piLEARN.com


They may be freely duplicated and distributed but copyright remains with the author.
2015 Martin Hansen
1.5 Answers

1.5.1 Solutions (1.1 Memory percentages)

Table of common fractions with percentge equivalents


1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
2 3 4 5 10 20 25 50 100
50% 33 13 % 25% 20% 10% 5% 4% 2% 1%

1.5.2 Solutions (1.2 Examples)

Answer 1.

(i) ( ii ) ( iii )
3 3 1 1 1
= 3 20% = 3 5% =
5 20 8 2 4
1
= 60% = 15% = 25%
2
= 12%

( iv ) (v) ( vi )
1 1 7 17
= 1% = 7 20% = 17 10%
200 2 5 10
= % = 140% = 170%

Answer 2.

(i) ( ii )
20 4 12 1
= = 80% = 12
25 5 25 25
= 12 4%
= 48%
1.5.3 Solutions (1.3 Exercise)

Answer 1.
(i) 40% ( ii ) 35% ( iii ) 75%
( iv ) 15% (v) 28% ( vi ) 66 23 %
( vii ) 26% ( viii ) 80% ( ix ) 48%
(x) 55% ( xi ) 3% ( xii ) 6%
( xiii ) 160% ( xiv ) 130% ( xv ) 125%

Answer 2.
(i) ( ii )
5 1 9
= = 20% = 9 4% = 36%
25 5 25

Answer 3.
(i) ( ii ) ( iii )
1 3 1
3 5% =
10 20 2

( iv ) (v) ( vi )
1 2 2
2 4% =
5 3 25

( vii ) ( viii ) ( ix )
7 3 3
3 4% =
10 100 25

(x) ( xi ) ( xii )
7 9 19
7 4% = 9 5% = 100% 5% =
25 20 20

( iii ) ( xiv ) ( xv )
4 8 24
8 4% = 100% 4% =
5 25 25

These lesson notes are available from www.piLEARN.com


They may be freely duplicated and distributed but copyright remains with the author.
2015 Martin Hansen
1.5.4 Solutions (1.4 Homework Exercise)

Answer 1. Answer 2. Answer 3.


70% A C

Answer 4.
(i) 40% ( ii ) 75% ( iii ) 8%
( iv ) 15% (v) 17% ( vi ) 14%

Answer 5.
3 3 1
(i) 10 ( ii ) 5 ( iii ) 20

1 99 1
( iv ) 10 (v) 100 ( vi ) 4

Answer 6.
(i) 70%
( ii ) 95%
( iii ) 92%
( iv ) 85%

Answer 7.
(i) January, June, July
( ii ) 25%

Answer 8.
Buy one get one free.
Because you have to spend more in order to then get the half price offer.

These lesson notes are available from www.piLEARN.com


They may be freely duplicated and distributed but copyright remains with the author.
2015 Martin Hansen
Chapter 2
Percentages : Year 9
Non Calculator
2.1 Percentage increase
To this table of percentages add the common fraction equivalents.

50% 33 13 % 25% 20% 10% 5% 4% 2% 1%

2.2 Examples

Example 1. Example 2.
Increase 50 by 20% Increase 25 by 40%

Example 3. Example 4.
Increase 40 by 30% Increase 75 by 12%

2.3 Exercise

Question 1. Question 2.
Increase 90 by 10% Increase 80 by 25%
Question 3. Question 4.
Increase 50 kg by 60% Increase 20 cm by 75%

Question 5. Question 6.
Increase 50 by 30% Increase 6 by 50%

Question 7. Question 8.
Increase 40 by 5% Increase 40 by 15%

Question 9. Question 10.


Increase $30 by 70% Increase $75 by 66 23 %
Question 11.
Make this line 50% longer.

Question 12.
Make this rectangle 20% wider and 40% higher.
Question 13.

(i) What percentage of the squares are shaded black ?

( ii ) What percentage of the squares are shaded white ?

Question 14.

(i) What percentage of the stars are shaded black ?

( ii ) What percentage of the stars are shaded white ?

Question 15.

(i) What percentage of the circles are shaded black ?

( ii ) What percentage of the circles are shaded white ?


Question 16.
Increase the number of squares by 25%

Question 17.
Increase the number of circles by 40%

Question 18.

(i) Complete this table of 'eighths' percentages.


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8

50%

( ii ) Increase 16 by 37%

( iii ) Increase 64 by 62%

These lesson notes are available from www.piLEARN.com


They may be freely duplicated and distributed but copyright remains with the author.
2015 Martin Hansen
2.5 Answers

2.5.1 Solutions (2.1 Percentage increase)

Table of common fractions with percentge equivalents


1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
2 3 4 5 10 20 25 50 100
50% 33 13 % 25% 20% 10% 5% 4% 2% 1%

2.5.2 Solutions (2.2 Examples)

Answer 1. Answer 2.
50 20% 25 2 20%
50 1 50 1
= =
1 5 1 5
= 10 = 10
New price is 60 New price is 35

Answer 3. Answer 4.
40 3 10% 75 3 4%
120 1 225 1
= =
1 10 1 25
= 12 = 9
New price is 52 New price is 84

2.5.3 Solutions (2.3 Exercise)

Answer 1. Answer 2.
99 100

Answer 3. Answer 4.
80 kg 35 cm

Answer 5. Answer 6.
65 9

Answer 7. Answer 8.
42 46

Answer 9. Answer 10.


$51 $125
Answer 11.

Answer 12.

Answer 13. Answer 14. Answer 15.


(i) 60% (i) 66 23 % (i) 35%
( ii ) 40% ( ii ) 33 13 % ( ii ) 65%

Answer 16. Answer 17.


3 more squares 4 more circles

Answer 18.
(i)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
12.5% 25% 37.5% 50% 62.5% 75% 87.5% 100% 112.5%

( ii ) 22
( iii ) 104

These lesson notes are available from www.piLEARN.com


They may be freely duplicated and distributed but copyright remains with the author.
2015 Martin Hansen
Chapter 3
Percentages : Year 9
Non Calculator

3.1 Percentage decrease


Table of common fractions with percentge equivalents
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
2 3 4 5 10 20 25 50 100
50% 33 13 % 25% 20% 10% 5% 4% 2% 1%

3.2 Examples

Example 1. Example 2.
Decrease 480 by 25% Decrease 180 by 5%

Example 3. Example 4.
Decrease 20 by 30% Decrease 40 by 15%

3.3 Exercise

Question 1. Question 2.
Decrease 75 by 4% Decrease 500 by 80%
Question 3. Question 4.
Decrease 12 kg by 10% Decrease 45 cm by 66 23 %

Question 5. Question 6.
Decrease 20 by 70% Decrease 100 by 13%

Question 7. Question 8.
Decrease 36 by 75% Decrease 55 by 40%

Question 9. Question 10.


Decrease $90 by 70% Decrease $175 by 8%
Question 11.
In a bouquet of 80 flowers, 10% are yellow, 45% are red and the rest are purple.
Find the number of flowers that are;
(i) yellow ( ii ) red ( iii ) purple

Question 12.
If 15% of men are colour blind how many men would you expect to be colour blind
in a crowd of 500 men ?

Question 13.
In a packet of pineapple and pear flavoured sweets, for every 3 pineapple sweets
there are 2 pear sweets.
What percentage of the sweets are pineapple flavoured ?

Question 14.
A summer stunner cocktail is formed by mixing the following;
2 parts apple juice,
5 parts ginger ale,
1 part ice.
What percentage of a summer stunner is apple juice ?

Question 15.
9 out of 15 cat owners said that there cat preferred meusic cat food.
(It's the food that'll make your cat sing)
What percentage of cats is this ?

Question 16.
The value of an electronic resistor is guaranteed to be 60 plus or minus 5%.
Between what two actual values might the resistor's stated value lie ?
Question 17.
400 is placed in a savings account.
The rate of interest is 20% per annum.
If the money earned on the account is placed back into the account, how much money
will there be in the account after;
(i) 1 year

( ii ) 2 years

( iii ) 3 years

Question 18.
Write the following percentages as fractions using the hint given;
1
(i) 36% hint : 36% = 9 4% = 9 25

( ii ) 44% hint : 44% = 11 4%

( iii ) 28% hint : 28% = 7

( iv ) 52%

These lesson notes are available from www.piLEARN.com


They may be freely duplicated and distributed but copyright remains with the author.
2015 Martin Hansen
3.4 Answers

3.4.1 Solutions (3.2 Examples)

Answer 1. Answer 2.
480 25% 180 5%
480 1 180 1
= =
1 4 1 20
= 120 New price is 360 = 9 New price is 171

Answer 3. Answer 4.
20 3 10% 40 3 5%
60 1 120 1
= =
1 10 1 20
= 6 New price is 14 = 6 New price is 34

3.4.2 Solutions (3.3 Exercise)

Answer 1. Answer 2. Answer 3.


72 100 10.8 kg

Answer 4. Answer 5. Answer 6.


15cm 6 87

Answer 7. Answer 8. Answer 9.


9 33 $27

Answer 10. Answer 11.


$161 (i) 8 ( ii ) 36% ( iii ) 36%

Answer 12. Answer 13. Answer 14.


75 men 60% 25%

Answer 15. Answer 16.


60% 57 < SV < 63

Answer 17. Answer 18.


9 11
(i) 480 (i) 25 ( ii ) 25
7 13
( ii ) 576 ( iii ) 25 ( iv ) 25
( iii ) 691.20
These lesson notes are available from www.piLEARN.com
They may be freely duplicated and distributed but copyright remains with the author.
2015 Martin Hansen
Chapter 4
Percentages : Year 9
Non Calculator

4.1 Percentage Of

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
2 3 4 5 10 20 25 50 100
50% 33 13 % 25% 20% 10% 5% 4% 2% 1%

4.2 Examples

Example 1.
What percentage of 50 kg is 30 kg ?

Example 2.
What percentage of 40 marks are 6 marks ?

Example 3.
What percentage of 2.80 is 2.10 ?

4.3 Exercise

Question 1. Question 2.
What percentage of 12 is 4 ? What percentage of 15 is 6 ?

Question 3. Question 4.
What percentage of 75 is 50 ? What percentage of 50 fish is 3 fish ?
Question 5. Question 6.
What percentage of 25 kg is 20 kg ? What percentage of 9.90 is 3.30 ?

Question 7.
State what percentage of this sentence's letters are vowels.

Question 8.
Peter gets only one question wrong in a twenty question test.
What percentage of questions has he got correct ?

Question 9.
Here is a grid of prime numbers less than 100.
PRIMES 2 3 5 7
LESS 11 13 17 19
THAN 23 29
100 31 37
41 43 47
53 59
61 67
71 73 79
83 89
97
What percentage of the integers less than 100 are prime ?

Question 10.
In a laboratory, 400 beefburgers are tested for horse DNA.
The tests show that 16 of the beefburgers contain horse DNA .
What percentage of the beefburgers tested contain horse DNA ?
Question 11. Question 12.
What percentage of $80 is $12 ? What percentage of 25 is 4 ?

Question 13.
1
(i) Increase 50 by 4 ( ii ) Increase 60 by 25%

3
( iii ) Increase 32 by 4 ( iv ) Increase 88 by 75%

Question 14.
1
(i) Decrease 35 by 5 ( ii ) Decrease 65 by 20%

4
( iii ) Decrease 55 by 5 ( iv ) Decrease 80 by 80%

Question 15.
Robert spends 27% of his time sleeping, and 34% of his time working.
How much time is left for him to do something else ?

Question 16.
An estate agent charges 2% commission on every house he sells.
How much commission will he earn on a house that he sells for 340 000 ?
Question 17.
For each of the following shapes, state what percentage is shaded.

Question 18.
(i) What is 5% of 60 ? ( ii ) What is 15% of 60 ?

( iii ) What is 55% of 60 ( iv ) What is 85% of 60 ?

(v) Increase 60 by 35% ( vi ) Decrease 60 by 45%

Question 19.
(i) What is 4% of 125 ? ( ii ) What is 16% of 125 ?

( iii ) What is 32% of 125 ( iv ) What is 96% of 125 ?

(v) Increase 125 by 44% ( vi ) Decrease 125 by 92%


Question 20.
(i) What is 25% of 360 ? ( ii ) What is 30% of 360 ?

( iii ) What is 40% of 360 ?

In a survey, 25% of the people asked voted UKIP


30% of the people asked voted Tory
40% of the people asked voted Labour
The remainder voted LibDem.

( iv ) In the space below draw an accurate Pie Chart to represent this information.

(v) What percentage of people voted LibDem ?

( vi ) How many degrees is this on the Pie Chart ?

These lesson notes are available from www.piLEARN.com


They may be freely duplicated and distributed but copyright remains with the author.
2015 Martin Hansen
4.4 Answers

4.4.1 Solutions (4.2 Examples)

Answer 1. Answer 2. Answer 3.

30 3 6 3 210 3
= = =
50 5 40 20 280 4
60 % 15 % 75 %

4.4.2 Solutions (4.3 Exercise)

Answer 1. Answer 2. Answer 3. Answer 4.


33 13 % 40 % 66 23 % 6%

Answer 5. Answer 6. Answer 7. Answer 8.


80 % 33 13 % 36 % 95 %

Answer 9. Answer 10. Answer 11. Answer 12.


25 % 4% 15 % 16 %

Answer 13.
(i) ( ii ) ( iii ) ( iv )
62.50 75 56 154

Answer 14.
(i) ( ii ) ( iii ) ( iv )
28 52 11 16

Answer 15. Answer 16. Answer 17.


39 % 6 800 50 % 75 % 40 % 55 %

Answer 18.
(i) ( ii ) ( iii ) ( iv ) (v) ( vi )
3 9 33 51 81 33

Answer 19.
(i) ( ii ) ( iii ) ( iv ) (v) ( vi )
5 20 40 120 180 10

Answer 20.
(i) ( ii ) ( iii ) ( iv ) (v) ( vi )
90 108 144 PC 5% 18
These lesson notes are available from www.piLEARN.com
They may be freely duplicated and distributed but copyright remains with the author.
2015 Martin Hansen
Chapter 5
Percentages : Year 9
Non Calculator
5.1 TEST
A useful table of common fractions with percentage equivalents
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
2 3 4 5 10 20 25 50 100
50% 33 13 % 25% 20% 10% 5% 4% 2% 1%

Question 1.
Convert the following common fractions into percentages;
(i) ( ii ) ( iii )
4 3 3
5 20 25

( iv ) (v) ( vi )
13 24 9
50 25 20

( vii ) ( viii ) ( ix )
47 41 5
50 100 4

(x) ( xi ) ( xii )
11 21 1
20 20 8

Question 2.
What percentage of the grid is shaded ?
(i) ( ii ) ( iii ) ( iv )
Question 3.
Convert the following percentages into common fractions;
The fractions should be in as simple a form as possible.
(i) 30% ( ii ) 75% ( iii ) 8%

( iv ) 60% (v) 66 23 % ( vi ) 6%

( vii ) 16% ( viii ) 96% ( ix ) 99%

(x) 133 13 % ( xi ) 225% ( xii ) 44%

Question 4.
(i) Shade in 4% ( ii ) Shade in 20%

( iii ) Shade in 24% ( iv ) Shade in 92%


Question 5. Question 6.
Increase 80 by 10% Increase 120 cm by 25%

Question 7. Question 8.
Increase 40 kg by 15% Increase 200 by 17%

Question 9. Question 10.


Decrease 70 m.s -1 by 30% Decrease $50 by 1%

Question 11. Question 12.


Decrease 12 kg by 90% Decrease 45 cm by 33 13 %
Question 13. Question 14.
What percentage of 50 kg is 40 kg ? What percentage of 21 is 14 ?

Question 15.
Mavis gets only one question wrong in a twenty-five question test.
What percentage of questions has she got correct ?

Question 16.
Here is a grid of square numbers.
SQUARES 1 4 9
UP TO 16
100 25
36
49

64

81
100
What percentage of the first 100 integers are square ?

Question 17.
In a hospital, 40 toilets are tested for a superbug.
The tests show that 14 of the toilets were contaminated by the superbug.
What percentage of the toilets tested were contaminated by the superbug ?
Question 18.
Rachael eats 49% of a lemon drizzle cake, and Michael eats 37% of it.
How much cake remains for me to eat ?

Question 19.
An second hand car salesman charges 4% commission on every car he sells.
How much commission will he earn on a car that he sells for 13 000 ?

Question 20.
(i) What is 4% of 250 ? ( ii ) What is 16% of 50 ?

( iii ) What is 32% of 75 ( iv ) What is 96% of 125 ?

(v) Increase 250 by 54% ( vi ) Decrease 200 by 92%


Question 21.
(i) What is 20% of 360 ? ( ii ) What is 30% of 360 ?

( iii ) What is 25% of 360 ?

In a survey, 20% of the people asked said they were Christian


30% of the people asked said they were Athiest
25% of the people asked said they were Roman Catholic
The remainder said they were Jedi.

( iv ) In the space below draw an accurate Pie Chart to represent this information.

(v) What percentage of people said they were Jedi ?

( vi ) How many degrees is this on the Pie Chart ?

These lesson notes are available from www.piLEARN.com


They may be freely duplicated and distributed but copyright remains with the author.
2015 Martin Hansen
5.2 TEST Answers

Answer 1.
(i) 80% ( ii ) 15% ( iii ) 12%
( iv ) 26% (v) 96% ( vi ) 45%
( vii ) 94% ( viii ) 41% ( ix ) 125%
(x) 55% ( xi ) 105% ( xii ) 12 12 %

Answer 2.
(i) 50% ( ii ) 60% ( iii ) 75% ( iv ) 65%

Answer 3.
(i) ( ii ) ( iii )
3 3 2
10 4 25

( iv ) (v) ( vi )
3 2 3
5 3 50

( vii ) ( viii ) ( ix )
4 24 99
4 4% =
25 25 100

(x) ( xi ) ( xii )
4 9 11
3 4 25

Answer 4.
(i) 1 square shaded ( ii ) 5 squares shaded
( iii ) 6 squares shaded ( iv ) 23 squares shaded
i.e. 2 squares NOT shaded

Answer 5. Answer 6.
88 150 cm

Answer 7. Answer 8.
46 kg 234

Answer 9. Answer 10.


49 m.s-1 $49.50

Answer 11. Answer 12.


1.2 kg 30 cm
Answer 13. Answer 14.
80% 66 23 %

Answer 15. Answer 16.


96% 10%

Answer 17.
14 7
= which is 35%
40 20

Answer 18. Answer 19.


14% 520

Answer 20.
(i) 10 ( ii ) 8
( iii ) 24 ( iv ) 120
(v) 385 ( vi ) 16

Answer 21.
(i) 72 ( ii ) 108
( iii ) 90
( iv ) Pie Chart
(v) 25%
( vi ) 90

These lesson notes are available from www.piLEARN.com


They may be freely duplicated and distributed but copyright remains with the author.
2015 Martin Hansen

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