Page | 1

HEALTH-GIVING PROPERTIES OF POMEGRANATE

The polyphenolic content of pomegranate juice and its pulp have recently been the subject
great *scientific interest. An abundance of new clinical data has established pomegranate as a
broad-spectrum, multi-modal defense against the leading causes of death in the Western world,
from atherosclerosis to cancer and diabetes.
In the last decade alone, more than seven times as many studies* have been published validating
pomegranate than in all the preceding years combined. The antioxidant capacity of pomegranate
juice and pulp has been credited with much of the pomegranates amazing properties. The bulk
of recent scientific research has focused on the benefits of pomegranate juice and fruit extracts.
Recently, scientists are discovering a novel source of pomegranates myriad benefits: the various
botanical components of the pomegranate tree, particularly its seeds and flowers. The latest
scientific evidence indicates that pomegranate flower extract and seed oil uniquely complement
conventional pomegranate fruit extracts capacity to combat multiple diseases of aging.

(* research references provided below article)

 For Page
example,
| 2 a 2009 pre-clinical model found that extracts from pomegranate flowers reduced
hardening of the arteries by 70%, while juice alone reduced it by only 40% compared to
controls. In addition, flower extracts were found to significantly decrease blood lipid and
glucose levels.

Recent scientific analysis has revealed pomegranates underlying mechanisms of action, in the
area of beneficial gene expression inhibiting pro-inflammatory and
downregulating production of cancer-stimulating androgen receptors in
prostate cells. Scientists explain that this effect is due to Pomegranates
unique role in upregulating expression of paraoxonase-1 (PON-1), an enzyme required for
artery-cleansing high-density lipoprotein.

Extract of pomegranate seed oil, is called punicic acid. Scientific research has shown punicic
acid reduces the conversion of fatty acids in the blood stream to the storage form of body fat by
up to 40%. In other words, up to 40% more fat is burned as energy, instead being stored in the fat
cells in the body.

CARDIOVASCULAR HEALING

Pomegranates clinically validated effects on healing the human heart, are attributed to its
flavonoid content, which inhibits oxidative damage to low-density lipoprotein (LDL), helping to
protect blood vessels against atherosclerosis. Pomegranate polyphenols exert anti-inflammatory
effects that further protect blood vessels from damage, reduce the size and number of
atherosclerotic lesions, prevent thickening of arterial walls, and lower blood pressure.

Polyphenols and other components in pomegranate juice exert beneficial effects that extend
beyond the cardiovascular system. Numerous phytochemicals in pomegranate juice; ellagic acid
in particular; have been shown to disrupt cancer development at multiple stages. Another
polyphenol unique to pomegranate is punicalagin, which converts into molecules known to slow
prostate cancer cell growth. These act by inhibiting pro-inflammatory NF-kB, a cytokine
implicated in the development of numerous forms of cancer.

Scientists have recently discovered pomegranates antimicrobial potential. Polyphenols

contained in the juice inhibit the growth of a number of pathogenic (disease-causing) bacteria,
fungi, and parasites.

POMEGRANATE FLOWER EXTRACT

The global epidemic of metabolic syndrome and its associated pathologiesobesity, type 2
diabetes, and cardiovascular diseasehas lent new urgency to the discovery of anti-diabetic
agents with low toxicity suitable for long-term use. New research points to extract of the
pomegranate flower as an attractive, safe, low-cost intervention. In 2006, Chinese scientists
discovered a previously unknown polyphenol in pomegranate flower extract that combats weight
gain, impaired glucose control, and systemic inflammation. They gave it the name
pomegranatate. Indian researchers have demonstrated the capability of flowers from male
pomegranate plants to influence blood sugar in normal and experimentally diabetic rats.
In 2005,
Pageresearchers
|3 in Australia demonstrated that 6 weeks of supplementing obese diabetic rats
with pomegranate flower extracts prevented blood sugar increases following a glucose-laden
mealbut had no such effect in normal rats.

Inflammation is the target of another newly discovered component of pomegranate flowers

punicanolic acid, a member of the triterpene family of beneficial essential oil molecules. In
laboratory studies, punicanolic acid inhibits production of the potent inflammatory mediator
TNF-alpha,26 which is found at increased levels in overweight and obese people and contributes
to insulin resistance.27

The inflammation observed in obese and overweight people adds to their insulin resistance and
underlies the increased risk of cardiovascular disease seen in obese individuals. A condition that
is characterized by substantially elevated blood sugar levels, LDL, very low-density lipoprotein
(VLDL), triglycerides, and oxidized fats. At the same time, beneficial HDL and cellular
antioxidant systems are found to be depressed in overweight people.

Oral administration of pomegranate flower extract reversed all of these conditions in a laboratory
rat model of type 2 diabetes, highlighting its potential utility for aging individuals at risk for
diabetes and its cardiovascular complications. The extract also helps ameliorate fatty liver
disease, the most common cause of liver function abnormalities in people with obesity and type 2
diabetes.

Pomegranate flower extract is a potent inhibitor of the digestive enzyme alpha-glucosidase.

Alpha-glucosidase breaks complex carbohydrates into their simple sugar components for
absorption into the blood. Inhibiting its action slows the rate at which free sugar is absorbed into
the bloodstream.

The practical effect of this beneficial action was apparent in an animal model: in diabetic rats fed
a carbohydrate-rich meal, oral administration of the flower extract markedly lowered plasma
glucose levels during the postprandial (after-meal) period.30 This is a vitally important finding,
because postprandial blood sugar elevations contribute greatly to the tissue damage caused by
high glucose levels (glycation).

Plants provide wealth of bioactive compounds, which exert a substantial strategy for the
treatment of neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease. (Obulesu M, Rao DM. Effect
of plant extracts on Alzheimer's disease: An insight into therapeutic avenues. J Neurosci Rural
Pract. 2011;2:5661. [PMC free article] [PubMed])

The substances in pomegranate juice may be useful in treating Alzheimer's disease.

Scientific research has demonstrated that mice treated with pomegranate juice had
significantly less (approximately 50%) accumulation of soluble Abeta42 and amyloid
deposition in the hippocampus as compared to control mice.
The health
Page |benefits
4 attributed to the consumption of Pomegranate juice and Pomegranate extracts
are related to their antioxidant activity. Studies have shown the inverse relationship between the
intake of Pomegranate extracts (or its juice) and cardiovascular diseases. Researchers believe this
is related to pomegranate polyphenols' ability to inhibit low-density lipoprotein (LDL)
oxidation, macrophage foam cell formation and atherosclerosis.

Pomegranate juice was shown to mediate suppression of oxidized LDL degradation and of
cholesterol biosynthesis in macrophages can lead to reduce cellular cholesterol accumulation and
foam cell formation. Consequently, dietary supplementation of polyphenol-rich pomegranate
juice to atherosclerotic mice significantly inhibited the development of atherosclerotic lesions
and this may be attributed to the protection of LDL against oxidation.

A recent research study has also shown that long-term oral administration of pomegranate flower
extract (500 mg kg(-1)) reduces cardiac triglyceride content and decreases plasma levels of
triglyceride and total cholesterol in Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats. Pomegranate flower extract
exerts this effect probably via inhibition of increased cardiac FA uptake and oxidation in the
diabetic condition.

Pomegranate juice and/or its extracts contain antioxidants such as soluble polyphenols, tannins,
and anthocyanins and is valuable in treatment of atherosclerosis. Pomegranate juice is rich in
tannins, possesses anti-atherosclerotic properties, has anti-aging effects, and potent anti-oxidative
characteristics which have been shown to reduce blood pressure. Pomegranate juice consumption
has been found to reduce systolic blood pressure, inhibits serum ACE activity, and is
convincingly heart healing fruit, with daily consumption of pomegranate juice recommended for
patients who have coronary heart diseases.

In a double-blind study, researchers supplied pomegranate juice daily to 45 patients suffered

from coronary heart disease and myocardial ishemia for 3 months. Based on the data of
tomographic scintigraphy, blood sugar, hemoglobin A1c, weight, or blood pressure, the
researchers concluded that pomegranate juice decreased the extent of stress-induced ischemia.
Researchers further found that pomegranate juice consumption could also reduce the systolic
blood pressure of hypertensive patients. This effect is in a dose-dependent fashion and related to
a change of
angiotensin converting enzyme activity.

Researchers have also reported anticancer effects of pomegranate extracts in human breast
cancer
cells in vitro and also anti-cancer activity of pomegranate fermented juice polyphenols in a
mouse mammary organ culture.

Colon Cancer
In a recent study, at 100 microg/ml, pomegranate juice, ellagic acid, punicalagin and total
pomegranate tannin were found to be able to induce apoptosis in HT-29 colon cells. However, in
the HCT116 colon cells, ellagic acid, punicalagin and total pomegranate tannin.
Breast Cancer
Page |5
Roughly, 70% of breast cancer will be estrogen receptor-alpha (ER-) positive. The presence of
ER- is associated with better prognosis and is able to determine if tumors will respond to the
estrogen-blocking/ER-antagonist drug Tamoxifen. Researchers found Pomegranate fruit extracts
enhance the Tamoxifen action in both sensitive and Tamoxifen-resistant MCF-7 cells through
the inhibition of cell viability (regular or estrogen-induced) by inducing cancer cell-death
machinery.
Prostate Cancer
Pomegranate juice was also shown in a clinical trial to inhibit progression of prostate cancer. In
addition to causing cancer cell death of hormone-refractory prostate cancer cells, Pomegranate
juice also increases cell adhesion and decreases cell migration of the cells that do not die.
Skin Cancer
Pomegranate fruit extract and diallyl sulfide alone delayed onset and tumor incidence by 55%
and 45%, respectively, while their combination at low doses synergistically decreased tumor
incidence more potentially (84%, p<0.01). Mechanistic studies revealed that this inhibition was
associated with decreased expression of phosphorylated ERK1/2, JNK1 and activated NF-
B/p65, IKK, IB phosphorylation and degradation in skin tissue/tumor.

ANTI-BACTERIA ACTIVITIES
Pomegranate extracts also have benefits on prevention of certain diseases induced by bacterial
diseases. Low dose of pomegranate extract concentration was found to delay Staphylococcus
aureus growth, while high doses even eliminated Staphylococcus aureus growth.
In addition, methanolic pomegranate extracts has been shown to dramatically enhance the
activity of certain antibiotics tested. Researchers evaluated the synergic activity between
pomegranate extracts and antibiotics against 30 clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus.They detected the
synergic activities between pomegranate extracts and the 5 antibiotics tested, chloramphenicol,
gentamicin, ampicillin, tetracycline, and oxacillin, ranging from 38% to
73%. Pomegranate extracts increased the post-antibiotic effect of ampicillin from 3 to 7 h.

*REFERENCES
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Blomhoff R Antioxidants and oxidative stress Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2004 Jun
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lipoprotein oxidation and cardiovascular diseases: studies in atherosclerotic mice and in humans.
Drugs Exp Clin Res. 2002;28(2-3):49-62. [4] Braga LC et al, Synergic interaction between
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Igea JM et al, Adverse reaction to pomegranate ingestion. Allergy. 1991 Aug;46(6):472-4. [11]
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Spontaneous ultra fast synthesis of gold nanoparticles using Punica granatum for cancer
targeted drug delivery. Ganeshkumar M, Sathishkumar M, Ponrasu T, Dinesh MG, Suguna L.
Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 2013 Jun 1;106:208-16.

Effects of various pressing programs and yields on the antioxidant activity, antimicrobial
activity, phenolic content and colour of pomegranate juices. Trkylmaz M, Ta , Dereli U,
zkan M. Food Chem. 2013 Jun 1;138(2-3):1810-8.

Thermal stability of anthocyanins and colourless phenolics in pomegranate (Punica

granatum L.) juices and model solutions. Fischer UA, Carle R, Kammerer DR. Food Chem.
2013 Jun 1;138(2-3):1800-9.

Exploitation of the health-promoting and sensory properties of organic pomegranate

(Punica granatum L.) juice through lactic acid fermentation. Filannino P, Azzi L, Cavoski I,
Vincentini O, Rizzello CG, Gobbetti M, Di Cagno R. Int J Food Microbiol. 2013 May 15;163(2-
3):184-92.

The effect of pomegranate extract on coronary artery atherosclerosis in SR-BI/APOE

double knockout mice. Al-Jarallah A, Igdoura F, Zhang Y, Tenedero CB, White EJ, Macdonald
ME, Igdoura SA, Trigatti BL. Atherosclerosis. 2013 May;228(1):80-9.

Purification, antioxidant activity and protein-precipitating capacity of punicalin from

pomegranate husk. Wang Y, Zhang H, Liang H, Yuan Q. Food Chem. 2013 May 1;138(1):437-
43.
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pomegranate (Punica granatum) leaves. Bekir J, Mars M, Souchard JP, Bouajila J. Food Chem
Toxicol. 2013 May;55:470-5.

Pomegranate polyphenols and extract inhibit nuclear factor of activated T-cell activity and
microglial activation in vitro and in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer disease.
Rojanathammanee L, Puig KL, Combs CK. J Nutr. 2013 May;143(5):597-605.

Antioxidant capacity versus chemical safety of wheat bread enriched with pomegranate
peel powder. Altunkaya A, Hedegaard RV, Brimer L, Gkmen V, Skibsted LH. Food Funct.
2013 Apr 30;4(5):722-7.

Anti-coccidial, anthelmintic and antioxidant activities of pomegranate (Punica granatum)

peel extract. Dkhil MA. Parasitol Res. 2013 Apr 23.

Investigation of Radiation-Induced Free Radicals and Luminescence Properties in Fresh

Pomegranate Fruits. Shahbaz HM, Akram K, Ahn JJ, Kwon JH. J Agric Food Chem. 2013 Apr
18.

Fungal biodegradation of pomegranate ellagitannins. Ascacio-Valds JA, Buenrostro JJ, De

la Cruz R, Seplveda L, Aguilera AF, Prado A, Contreras JC, Rodrguez R, Aguilar CN. J Basic
Microbiol. 2013 Apr 8.

Pomegranate (Punica granatum) peel extract provides protection against mercuric

chloride-induced oxidative stress in Wistar strain rats. Kumar D, Singh S, Singh AK, Rizvi
SI. Pharm Biol. 2013 Apr;51(4):441-6.

Influence on longevity of blueberry, cinnamon, green and black tea, pomegranate, sesame,
curcumin, morin, pycnogenol, quercetin, and taxifolin fed iso-calorically to long-lived, f1
hybrid mice. Spindler SR, Mote PL, Flegal JM, Teter B. Rejuvenation Res. 2013 Apr;16(2):143-
51.

Hot water, UV-C and superatmospheric oxygen packaging as hurdle techniques for
maintaining overall quality of fresh-cut pomegranate arils. Maghoumi M, Gmez PA, Arts-
Hernndez F, Mostofi Y, Zamani Z, Arts F. J Sci Food Agric. 2013 Mar 30;93(5):1162-8.

Antimicrobial Effect of Sour Pomegranate Sauce on Escherichia coli O157:H7 and

Staphylococcus aureus. Kla D, Karabykl S. J Food Sci. 2013 Mar 27.

Clinical Evaluation of Blood Pressure Lowering, Endothelial Function Improving,

Hypolipidemic and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Pomegranate Juice in Hypertensive
Subjects. Asgary S, Sahebkar A, Afshani MR, Keshvari M, Haghjooyjavanmard S, Rafieian-
Kopaei M. Phytother Res. 2013 Mar 21.

Polyphenol-rich extract of pomegranate peel alleviates tissue inflammation and

hypercholesterolaemia in high-fat diet-induced obese mice: potential implication of the gut
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Nutr. 2013 Mar 14;109(5):802-9.

A randomized phase II study of pomegranate extract for men with rising PSA following
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PR, Greengold RH, Stockton BR, Hertzman BL, Efros MD, Roper RP, Liker HR, Carducci MA.
Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis. 2013 Mar;16(1):50-5.

Inhibition of -amylase and glucoamylase by tannins extracted from cocoa, pomegranates,

cranberries, and grapes. Barrett A, Ndou T, Hughey CA, Straut C, Howell A, Dai Z, Kaletunc
G. J Agric Food Chem. 2013 Feb 20;61(7):1477-86.

Consumption of polyphenol plants may slow aging and associated diseases. Uysal U,
Seremet S, Lamping JW, Adams JM, Liu DY, Swerdlow RH, Aires DJ. Curr Pharm Des. 2013
Feb 19.

Pomegranate seed extract attenuates chemotherapy-induced liver damage in an

experimental model of rabbits. Yildirim NC, Kandemir FM, Ceribasi S, Ozkaraca M, Benzer F.
Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand). 2013 Feb 2;59

Obesity: The preventive role of the pomegranate (Punica granatum). Ortiz MG, Abundis
EM, Bermdez MC, Rubio KP. Nutrition. 2013 Feb;29(2):478.

Ellagic acid-induced endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent vasorelaxation

in rat thoracic aortic rings and the underlying mechanism. Ylmaz B, Usta C. Phytother Res.
2013 Feb;27(2):285-9.

Antiproliferative effects of pomegranate extract in MCF-7 breast cancer cells are

associated with reduced DNA repair gene expression and induction of double strand
breaks. Shirode AB, Kovvuru P, Chittur SV, Henning SM, Heber D, Reliene R. Mol Carcinog.
2013 Jan 28.

Pomegranate: a fruit that ameliorates metabolic syndrome. Medjakovic S, Jungbauer A.

Food Funct. 2013 Jan 19;4(1):19-39.

Pomegranate phytosterol (-sitosterol) and polyphenolic antioxidant (punicalagin) addition

to statin, significantly protected against macrophage foam cells formation. Rosenblat M,
Volkova N, Aviram M. Atherosclerosis. 2013 Jan;226(1):110-7.

Pomegranate Bioactive Constituents Suppress Cell Proliferation and Induce Apoptosis in

an Experimental Model of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Role of Wnt/ -Catenin Signaling
Pathway. Bhatia D, Thoppil RJ, Mandal A, Samtani KA, Darvesh AS, Bishayee A. Evid Based
Complement Alternat Med. 2013;2013:371813.

Pomegranate Extracts in the Management of Men's Urologic Health: Scientific Rationale

and Preclinical and Clinical Data. N K, A S B, A J P. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med.
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A review on the anti-inflammatory activity of pomegranate in the gastrointestinal tract.
Colombo E, Sangiovanni E, Dell'agli M. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med.
2013;2013:247145.

Quality and antioxidant properties of a reduced-sugar pomegranate juice jelly with an

aqueous extract of pomegranate peels. Ventura J, Alarcn-Aguilar F, Roman-Ramos R,
Campos-Sepulveda E, Reyes-Vega ML, Daniel Boone-Villa V, Jasso-Villagmez EI, Aguilar CN.
Food Chem. 2013 Jan 1;136(1):109-15.

Pomegranate phytoconstituents blunt the inflammatory cascade in a chemically induced

rodent model of hepatocellular carcinogenesis. Bishayee A, Thoppil RJ, Darvesh AS, Ohanyan
V, Meszaros JG, Bhatia D. J Nutr Biochem. 2013 Jan;24(1):178-87.

Pomegranate extract attenuates gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats by reducing

oxidative stress. Cekmen M, Otunctemur A, Ozbek E, Cakir SS, Dursun M, Polat EC, Somay A,
Ozbay N. Ren Fail. 2013;35(2):268-74.

Optimization of ultrasonic-assisted extraction of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) seed

oil. Tian Y, Xu Z, Zheng B, Martin Lo Y. Ultrason Sonochem. 2013 Jan;20(1):202-8.

[Effects of pomegranate flowers polyphenols on liver PON expression of diabetes

combining non-alcoholic fat liver diseases rats]. Wei YY, Yan D, Japar A, Qu SS, Haji AA,
Parhat K. Yao Xue Xue Bao. 2013 Jan;48(1):71-6.

Rapid and comprehensive evaluation of (poly)phenolic compounds in pomegranate (Punica

granatum L.) juice by UHPLC-MSn. Mena P, Calani L, Dall'Asta C, Galaverna G, Garca-
Viguera C, Bruni R, Crozier A, Del Rio D. Molecules. 2012 Dec 13;17(12):14821-40.

Evaluating the potential role of pomegranate peel in aluminum-induced oxidative stress

and histopathological alterations in brain of female rats. Abdel Moneim AE. Biol Trace Elem
Res. 2012 Dec;150(1-3):328-36.

Pomegranate juice and specific components inhibit cell and molecular processes critical for
metastasis of breast cancer. Rocha A, Wang L, Penichet M, Martins-Green M. Breast Cancer
Res Treat. 2012 Dec;136(3):647-58.

Pomegranate pericarp extract enhances the antibacterial activity of ciprofloxacin against

extended-spectrum -lactamase (ESBL) and metallo--lactamase (MBL) producing Gram-
negative bacilli. Dey D, Debnath S, Hazra S, Ghosh S, Ray R, Hazra B. Food Chem Toxicol.
2012 Dec;50(12):4302-9.

Microencapsulation of conjugated linolenic acid-rich pomegranate seed oil by an emulsion

method. Sen Gupta S, Ghosh S, Maiti P, Ghosh M. Food Sci Technol Int. 2012 Dec;18(6):549-
58.
 Page | 10
In vitro and in vivo evaluation of antioxidant and antigenotoxic potential of Punica
granatum leaf extract. Dassprakash MV, Arun R, Abraham SK, Premkumar K. Pharm Biol.
2012 Dec;50(12):1523-30.

Acute effects of pomegranate extract on postprandial lipaemia, vascular function and blood
pressure. Mathew AS, Capel-Williams GM, Berry SE, Hall WL. Plant Foods Hum Nutr. 2012
Dec;67(4):351-7.

The protective role of pomegranate juice against carbon tetrachloride-induced oxidative

stress in rats. Pirinccioglu M, Kizil G, Kizil M, Kanay Z, Ketani A. Toxicol Ind Health. 2012
Nov 16.

The potential effects of pomegranate (Punica granatum) juice on carbon tetrachloride-

induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Abdel Moneim AE, El-Khadragy MF. J Physiol Biochem. 2012
Nov 7.

Cytotoxicity of pomegranate polyphenolics in breast cancer cells in vitro and vivo: potential
role of miRNA-27a and miRNA-155 in cell survival and inflammation. Banerjee N, Talcott S,
Safe S, Mertens-Talcott SU. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2012 Nov;136(1):21-34.

Pomegranate juice and pomegranate extract do not impair oral clearance of flurbiprofen in
human volunteers: divergence from in vitro results. Hanley MJ, Masse G, Harmatz JS, Court
MH, Greenblatt DJ. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2012 Nov;92(5):651-7.

Anti-proliferative activity and protection against oxidative DNA damage by punicalagin

isolated from pomegranate husk. Aqil F, Munagala R, Vadhanam MV, Kausar H, Jeyabalan J,
Schultz DJ, Gupta RC. Food Res Int. 2012 Nov 1;49(1):345-353.

Proteomic exploration of the impacts of pomegranate fruit juice on the global gene
expression of prostate cancer cell. Lee ST, Wu YL, Chien LH, Chen ST, Tzeng YK, Wu TF.
Proteomics. 2012 Nov;12(21):3251-62.

Antibacterial, antioxidant and tyrosinase-inhibition activities of pomegranate fruit peel

methanolic extract. Fawole OA, Makunga NP, Opara UL. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2012
Oct 30;12:200.

Antidiabetic ellagitannins from pomegranate flowers: inhibition of -glucosidase and

lipogenic gene expression. Yuan T, Ding Y, Wan C, Li L, Xu J, Liu K, Slitt A, Ferreira D, Khan
IA, Seeram NP. Org Lett. 2012 Oct 19;14(20):5358-61.

Pomegranate Extracts and Cancer Prevention: Molecular and Cellular Activities. Syed DN,
Chamcheu JC, Mukhtar VM. Anticancer Agents Med Chem. 2012 Oct 12.

Effects of adding a concentrated pomegranate-residue extract to the ration of lactating

cows on in vivo digestibility and profile of rumen bacterial population. Jami E, Shabtay A,
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Validated HPLC method for the simultaneous determination of taxol and ellagic acid in a
Punica granatum fruit extract containing combination formulation. Vasudev SS, Ahmad FJ,
Khar RK, Bhatnagar A, Kamal YT, Talegaonkar S, Iqbal Z. Pharmazie. 2012 Oct;67(10):834-8.

Specific pomegranate juice components as potential inhibitors of prostate cancer

metastasis. Wang L, Ho J, Glackin C, Martins-Green M. Transl Oncol. 2012 Oct;5(5):344-55.

Pomegranate peel and fruit extracts: a review of potential anti-inflammatory and anti-
infective effects. Ismail T, Sestili P, Akhtar S. J Ethnopharmacol. 2012 Sep 28;143(2):397-405.

Study of the in vitro antiplasmodial, antileishmanial and antitrypanosomal activities of

medicinal plants from Saudi Arabia. Al-Musayeib NM, Mothana RA, Al-Massarani S,
Matheeussen A, Cos P, Maes L. Molecules. 2012 Sep 25;17(10):11379-90.

Pomegranate seed oil reduces intestinal damage in a rat model of necrotizing enterocolitis.
Coursodon-Boyiddle CF, Snarrenberg CL, Adkins-Rieck CK, Bassaganya-Riera J, Hontecillas R,
Lawrence P, Brenna JT, Jouni ZE, Dvorak B. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2012 Sep
15;303(6):G744-51.

Pomegranate materials inhibit flagellin gene expression and flagellar-propelled motility of

uropathogenic Escherichia coli strain CFT073. Asadishad B, Hidalgo G, Tufenkji N. FEMS
Microbiol Lett. 2012 Sep;334(2):87-94.

Inhibition of melanin production by a combination of Siberian larch and pomegranate fruit

extracts. Diwakar G, Rana J, Scholten JD. Fitoterapia. 2012 Sep;83(6):989-95.

Dietary supplementation of an ellagic acid-enriched pomegranate extract attenuates

chronic colonic inflammation in rats. Rosillo MA, Snchez-Hidalgo M, Crdeno A, Aparicio-
Soto M, Snchez-Fidalgo S, Villegas I, de la Lastra CA. Pharmacol Res. 2012 Sep;66(3):235-42.

Pomegranate fruit extract inhibits UVB-induced inflammation and proliferation by

modulating NF-B and MAPK signaling pathways in mouse skin. Khan N, Syed DN, Pal
HC, Mukhtar H, Afaq F. Photochem Photobiol. 2012 Sep-Oct;88(5):1126-34.

Effects of pomegranate juice supplementation on pulse wave velocity and blood pressure in
healthy young and middle-aged men and women. Lynn A, Hamadeh H, Leung WC, Russell
JM, Barker ME. Plant Foods Hum Nutr. 2012 Sep;67(3):309-14.

Effect of pomegranate juice on paraoxonase enzyme activity in patients with type 2

diabetes. Parsaeyan N, Mozaffari-Khosravi H, Mozayan MR. J Diabetes Metab Disord. 2012
Aug 31;11(1):11.

Activity of spray-dried microparticles containing pomegranate peel extract against

Candida albicans. Endo EH, Ueda-Nakamura T, Nakamura CV, Filho BP. Molecules. 2012 Aug
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Anti-inflammatory effects of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) husk ellagitannins in
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Identification of seven water-soluble non-storage proteins from pomegranate (Punica

granatum Linn.) seeds. Yang H, Li M, Qi X, Lv C, Deng J, Zhao G. Food Sci Technol Int. 2012
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Effect of pomegranate juice on intestinal transport and pharmacokinetics of nitrendipine

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One year of pomegranate juice intake decreases oxidative stress, inflammation, and
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Pomegranate (Punica granatum) peel is effective in a murine model of experimental

Cryptosporidium parvum. Al-Mathal EM, Alsalem AM. Exp Parasitol. 2012 Jul;131(3):350-7.

Storage stability of sterilized liquid extracts from pomegranate peel. Qu W, Breksa Iii AP,
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Pomegranate extract demonstrate a selective estrogen receptor modulator profile in human

tumor cell lines and in vivo models of estrogen deprivation. Sreeja S, Santhosh Kumar TR,
Lakshmi BS, Sreeja S. J Nutr Biochem. 2012 Jul;23(7):725-32.

Pomegranate enriched diet enhances the hematology, innate immune response, and disease
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Effect of pomegranate juice on the pharmacokinetics of nitrendipine in rabbits. Voruganti

S, Rapolu K, Tota S, Yamsani SK, Yamsani MR. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 2012
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[Protective effects of pomegranate polyphenols on cardiac function in rats with myocardial

ischemia/reperfusion injury]. Dong S, Tong X, Liu H, Gao Q. Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue
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Obesity: the preventive role of the pomegranate (Punica granatum). Al-Muammar MN,
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Partial identification of antifungal compounds from Punica granatum peel extracts. Glazer
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Pomegranate juice and punicalagin attenuate oxidative stress and apoptosis in human
placenta and in human placental trophoblasts. Chen B, Tuuli MG, Longtine MS, Shin JS,
Lawrence R, Inder T, Michael Nelson D. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2012 May
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Complementary and alternative medicines use by Scottish women with breast cancer.
What, why and the potential for drug interactions? McLay JS, Stewart D, George J, Rore C,
Heys SD. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2012 May;68(5):811-9.

Effect of pomegranate seed oil on serum TNF- level in dyslipidemic patients. Asghari G,
Sheikholeslami S, Mirmiran P, Chary A, Hedayati M, Shafiee A, Azizi F. Int J Food Sci Nutr.
2012 May;63(3):368-71.

Priapism, pomegranate juice, and sildenafil: Is there a connection? Senthilkumaran S,

Balamurugan N, Suresh P, Thirumalaikolundusubramanian P. Urol Ann. 2012 May;4(2):108-10.

Pomegranate seed oil in women with menopausal symptoms: a prospective randomized,

placebo-controlled, double-blinded trial. Auerbach L, Rakus J, Bauer C, Gerner C, Ullmann
R, Wimmer H, Huber J. Menopause. 2012 Apr;19(4):426-32.

Comparative study of the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects of two varieties of

Punica granatum. Ouachrif A, Khalki H, Chaib S, Mountassir M, Aboufatima R, Farouk L,
Benharraf A, Chait A. Pharm Biol. 2012 Apr;50(4):429-38.

Anti-urolithiatic effects of Punica granatum in male rats. Rathod NR, Biswas D, Chitme HR,
Ratna S, Muchandi IS, Chandra R. J Ethnopharmacol. 2012 Mar 27;140(2):234-8.

Effects of pomegranate extracts on cartilage, bone and mesenchymal cells of mouse fetuses.
Monsefi M, Parvin F, Talaei-Khozani T. Br J Nutr. 2012 Mar;107(5):683-90.

Oral infusion of pomegranate fruit extract inhibits prostate carcinogenesis in the TRAMP
model. Adhami VM, Siddiqui IA, Syed DN, Lall RK, Mukhtar H. Carcinogenesis. 2012
Mar;33(3):644-51.

Antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic effects of ethanolic extract of leaves of Punica

granatum in alloxan-induced non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus albino rats. Das S,
Barman S. Indian J Pharmacol. 2012 Mar;44(2):219-24.

Aldose reductase inhibitory activity and antioxidant capacity of pomegranate extracts.

Karasu C, Cumaolu A, Grpinar AR, Kartal M, Kovacikova L, Milackova I, Stefek M.
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Increased antioxidant content in juice enriched with dried extract of pomegranate (Punica
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Continuous and pulsed ultrasound-assisted extractions of antioxidants from pomegranate

peel. Pan Z, Qu W, Ma H, Atungulu GG, McHugh TH. Ultrason Sonochem. 2012
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Pomegranate Protection against Cardiovascular Diseases. Aviram M, Rosenblat M. Evid

Based Complement Alternat Med. 2012;2012:382763.

Isolation of Antidiabetic Principle from Fruit Rinds of Punica granatum. Jain V, Viswanatha
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Studies on the Cytotoxic Activities of Punica granatum L. var. spinosa (Apple Punice)
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Complementary and alternative medicines in prostate cancer: from bench to bedside?

Klempner SJ, Bubley G. Oncologist. 2012;17(6):830-7.

Partial identification of bioactive compounds having antifungal activities from Punica

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Antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic effects of ethanolic extract of leaves of Punica

granatum in alloxan-induced non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus albino rats. Das S,
Barman S. Indian J Pharmacol. 2012 Mar;44(2):219-24.

Genome Sequence of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. punicae Strain LMG 859. Sharma V,
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Composition of pomegranate juice. Krueger DA. J AOAC Int. 2012 Jan-Feb;95(1):163-8.

Ethnobotanical survey and antibacterial activity of plants used in the Altiplane region of
Mexico for the treatment of oral cavity infections. Rosas-Pin Y, Meja A, Daz-Ruiz G,
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Intestinal Ellagitannin Metabolites Ameliorate Cytokine-Induced Inflammation and

Associated Molecular Markers in Human Colon Fibroblasts. Gimnez-Bastida JA, Larrosa
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Antioxidant capacities of phenolic compounds and tocopherols from Tunisian pomegranate

(Punica granatum) fruits. Elfalleh W, Tlili N, Nasri N, Yahia Y, Hannachi H, Chaira N, Ying
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Potential risks resulting from fruit/vegetable-drug interactions: effects on drug-
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Antioxidant capacity changes of 3 cultivar Chinese pomegranate (Punica granatum L.)

juices and corresponding wines. Zhuang H, Du J, Wang Y. J Food Sci. 2011 May;76(4):C606-
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Increased antioxidant content in juice enriched with dried extract of pomegranate (Punica
granatum) Peel. Mastrodi Salgado J, Baroni Ferreira TR, de Oliveira Biazotto F, Dos Santos Dias
CT. Plant Foods Hum Nutr. 2012 Mar;67(1):39-43.

Pomegranate juice and punicalagin attenuate oxidative stress and apoptosis in human
placenta and in human placental trophoblasts. Chen B, Tuuli MG, Longtine MS, Shin JS,
Lawrence R, Inder T, Michael Nelson D. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2012
May;302(9):E1142-52.

Obesity: The preventive role of the pomegranate (Punica granatum). Al-Muammar MN,
Khan F. Nutrition. 2012 Feb 16.

Comparative study of the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects of two varieties of

Punica granatum. Ouachrif A, Khalki H, Chaib S, Mountassir M, Aboufatima R, Farouk L,
Benharraf A, Chait A. Pharm Biol. 2012 Apr;50(4):429-38.

Tannic acid inhibited norovirus binding to HBGA receptors, a study of 50 Chinese

medicinal herbs. Zhang XF, Dai YC, Zhong W, Tan M, Lv ZP, Zhou YC, Jiang X. Bioorg Med
Chem. 2012 Feb 15;20(4):1616-23.

Anti-urolithiatic effects of Punica granatum in male rats. Rathod NR, Biswas D, Chitme HR,
Ratna S, Muchandi IS, Chandra R. J Ethnopharmacol. 2012 Mar 27;140(2):234-8.

Effect of Pomegranate Juice on Intestinal Transport and Pharmacokinetics of Nitrendipine

in Rats. Voruganti S, Yamsani SK, Ravula SK, Gannu R, Yamsani MR. Phytother Res. 2012 Jan
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Tannase Production by Penicillium purpurogenum PAF6 in Solid State Fermentation of

Tannin-Rich Plant Residues Following OVAT and RSM. Jana A, Maity C, Halder SK, Mondal
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Potentiation of dietary restriction-induced lifespan extension by polyphenols. Aires DJ,

Rockwell G, Wang T, Frontera J, Wick J, Wang W, Tonkovic-Capin M, Lu J, E L, Zhu H,
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Total phenols and antioxidant capacity in 10 Moroccan pomegranate varieties. Legua P,

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55-week treatment of mice with the unani and ayurvedic medicine pomegranate flower
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Assay dilution factors confound measures of total antioxidant capacity in polyphenol-rich

juices. Bolling BW, Chen YY, Kamil AG, Oliver Chen CY. J Food Sci. 2012 Feb;77(2):H69-75.

Pomegranate seed oil in women with menopausal symptoms: a prospective randomized,

placebo-controlled, double-blinded trial. Auerbach L, Rakus J, Bauer C, Gerner C, Ullmann R,
Wimmer H, Huber J. Menopause. 2012 Apr;19(4):426-32.

Ellagic acid in pomegranate suppresses resistin secretion by a novel regulatory mechanism

involving the degradation of intracellular resistin protein in adipocytes. Makino-Wakagi Y,
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Oral infusion of pomegranate fruit extract inhibits prostate carcinogenesis in the TRAMP
model. Adhami VM, Siddiqui IA, Syed DN, Lall RK, Mukhtar H. Carcinogenesis. 2012
Mar;33(3):644-51.

Pomegranate Fruit Extract Inhibits UVB-induced Inflammation and Proliferation by

Modulating NF-B and MAPK Signaling Pathways in Mouse Skin. Khan N, Syed DN, Pal
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Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) flower improves learning and memory performances
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Complementary and alternative medicines use by Scottish women with breast cancer.
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Determination of lignans in edible and nonedible parts of pomegranate (Punica granatum

L.) and products derived therefrom, particularly focusing on the quantitation of
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Pomegranate as a functional food and nutraceutical source. Johanningsmeier SD, Harris GK.
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Molecular genetic diversity of Punica granatum L. (pomegranate) as revealed by

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Effect of pomegranate juice on the pharmacokinetics of nitrendipine in rabbits. Voruganti

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Bioactive actions of pomegranate fruit extracts on leukemia cell lines in vitro hold promise
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Acute and long term effects of grape and pomegranate juice consumption on endothelial
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Polyphenols: skin photoprotection and inhibition of photocarcinogenesis. Afaq F, Katiyar

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Effect of pomegranate seed oil on serum TNF-a level in dyslipidemic patients. Asghari G,
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Pharmacological investigations of Punica granatum in glycerol-induced acute renal failure

in rats. Singh AP, Singh AJ, Singh N. Indian J Pharmacol. 2011 Sep;43(5):551-6.

Essential and toxic elements in three Pakistan's medicinal fruits (Punica granatum
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Evaluation of antioxidant, antitumor and immunomodulatory properties of polysaccharide

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Antibacterial and antifungal activities of punica granatum peel extracts against oral
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Exploring the Transcriptome Landscape of Pomegranate Fruit Peel for Natural Product
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Consumption of pomegranate decreases serum oxidative stress and reduces disease activity
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Pomegranate extract induces cell cycle arrest and alters cellular phenotype of human
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The antioxidant HDL-associated paraoxonase-1 (PON1) attenuates diabetes development

and stimulates -cell insulin release. Koren-Gluzer M, Aviram M, Meilin E, Hayek T.
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The Antioxidant Potency of Punica granatum L. Fruit Peel Reduces Cell Proliferation and
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In vivo anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of ellagitannin metabolite urolithin

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Pomegranate extract demonstrate a selective estrogen receptor modulator profile in human

tumor cell lines and in vivo models of estrogen deprivation. Sreeja S, Santhosh Kumar TR,
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Effect of pomegranate juice on insulin secretion and sensitivity in patients with obesity.
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Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) inhibits monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation. Rosenblat M,

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The bioactivity of pomegranate: impact on health and disease. Faria A, Calhau C. Crit Rev
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Chitinase III in pomegranate seeds (Punica granatum Linn.): a high-capacity calcium-

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Protective effect of ellagic acid, a natural polyphenolic compound, in a murine model of

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In vitro antibacterial activity of some Iranian medicinal plant extracts against Helicobacter
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Pomegranate sensitizes Tamoxifen action in ER-a positive breast cancer cells. Banerjee S,
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Delphinidin, a specific inhibitor of histone acetyltransferase, suppresses inflammatory

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Dissipation and distribution behavior of azoxystrobin, carbendazim, and difenoconazole in

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The effect of pomegranate juice supplementation on strength and soreness after eccentric
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A pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) WD40-repeat gene is a functional homologue of

Arabidopsis TTG1 and is involved in the regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis during
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Punica granatum protects against oxidative stress in PC12 cells and oxidative stress-
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Cellular and molecular mechanisms of pomegranate juice-induced anti-metastatic effect on

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Survival of human norovirus surrogates in milk, orange, and pomegranate juice, and juice
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Pomegranate seed extract attenuates chemotherapy-induced acute nephrotoxicity and

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Volatile composition of pomegranates from 9 Spanish cultivars using headspace solid phase
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Sensory and physicochemical characterization of juices made with pomegranate and

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Effect of 2 weeks' consumption of pomegranate juice on the pharmacokinetics of a single

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Synergistic growth inhibition of mouse skin tumors by pomegranate fruit extract and
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Reduction of cisplatin ototoxicity in rats by oral administration of pomegranate extract.

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Pomegranate seed oil, a rich source of punicic acid, prevents diet-induced obesity and
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Genetic relationships among wild pomegranate (Punica granatum) genotypes from Coruh
Valley in Turkey. Ercisli S, Gadze J, Agar G, Yildirim N, Hizarci Y. Genet Mol Res. 2011 Mar
15;10(1):459-64.

Effect of Punica granatum (pomegranate) on sperm production in male rats treated with
lead acetate. Leiva KP, Rubio J, Peralta F, Gonzales GF. Toxicol Mech Methods. 2011
Jul;21(6):495-502.

Effect of a mixed herb-enriched diet on the innate immune response and disease resistance
of Paralichthys olivaceus against Philasterides dicentrarchi infection. Harikrishnan R,
Balasundaram C, Kim MC, Kim JS, Han YJ, Heo MS. J Aquat Anim Health. 2010
Dec;22(4):235-43.

Survival of Lactobacillus plantarum in model solutions and fruit juices. Nualkaekul S,

Charalampopoulos D. Int J Food Microbiol. 2011 Mar 30;146(2):111-7.

The pomegranate has many veils. Knauf K. J Pastoral Care Counsel. 2010 Fall;64(3):8.1.

Effects of mass ratio, pH, temperature, and reaction time on fabrication of partially
purified pomegranate ellagitannin-gelatin nanoparticles. Li Z, Gu L. J Agric Food Chem.
2011 Apr 27;59(8):4225-31.
Cardioprotective
Page | 22 effect of whole fruit extract of pomegranate on doxorubicin-induced
toxicity in rat. Hassanpour Fard M, Ghule AE, Bodhankar SL, Dikshit M. Pharm Biol. 2011
Apr;49(4):377-82.

Pomegranate-mediated chemoprevention of experimental hepatocarcinogenesis involves

Nrf2-regulated antioxidant mechanisms. Bishayee A, Bhatia D, Thoppil RJ, Darvesh AS,
Nevo E, Lansky EP. Carcinogenesis. 2011 Jun;32(6):888-96.

An aqueous pomegranate peel extract inhibits neutrophil myeloperoxidase in vitro and

attenuates lung inflammation in mice. Bachoual R, Talmoudi W, Boussetta T, Braut F, El-
Benna J. Food Chem Toxicol. 2011 Jun;49(6):1224-8.

Fabrication of nanoparticles using partially purified pomegranate ellagitannins and gelatin

and their apoptotic effects. Li Z, Percival SS, Bonard S, Gu L. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2011
Jul;55(7):1096-103.

Antioxidant effect of pomegranate extract in reducing acute inflammation due to

myringotomy. Kahya V, Meric A, Yazici M, Yuksel M, Midi A, Gedikli O. J Laryngol Otol.
2011 Apr;125(4):370-5.

Effect of dipping in pomegranate (Punica granatum) fruit juice phenolic solution on the
shelf life of chicken meat under refrigerated storage (4C). Vaithiyanathan S, Naveena BM,
Muthukumar M, Girish PS, Kondaiah N. Meat Sci. 2011 Jul;88(3):409-14.

Continuous and pulsed ultrasound-assisted extractions of antioxidants from pomegranate

peel. Pan Z, Qu W, Ma H, Atungulu GG, McHugh TH. Ultrason Sonochem. 2011
Sep;18(5):1249-57.

2-Methyl-pyran-4-one-3-O--D-glucopyranoside isolated from leaves of Punica granatum

inhibits the TNFa-induced cell adhesion molecules expression by blocking nuclear
transcription factor-?B (NF-?B). Balwani S, Nandi D, Jaisankar P, Ghosh B. Biochimie. 2011
May;93(5):921-30.

Extensive screening for herbal extracts with potent antioxidant properties. Niwano Y, Saito
K, Yoshizaki F, Kohno M, Ozawa T. J Clin Biochem Nutr. 2011 Jan;48(1):78-84.

Effect of probiotication on antioxidant and antibacterial activities of pomegranate juices

from sour and sweet cultivars. Fazeli MR, Bahmani S, Jamalifar H, Samadi N. Nat Prod Res.
2011 Feb;25(3):288-97.

Screening of certain medicinal plants from India for their anti-quorum sensing activity.
Zahin M, Hasan S, Aqil F, Khan MS, Husain FM, Ahmad I. Indian J Exp Biol. 2010
Dec;48(12):1219-24.

Pomegranate (Punica granatum). El-Garhy MF, Abdel-Aaty HM, Morsy TA. J Egypt Soc
Parasitol. 2010 Aug;40(2):551.
Analysis
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| 23anthocyanins in commercial fruit juices by using nano-liquid chromatography-
electrospray-mass spectrometry and high-performance liquid chromatography with UV-vis
detector. Fanali C, Dugo L, D'Orazio G, Lirangi M, Dach M, Dugo P, Mondello L. J Sep Sci.
2011 Jan;34(2):150-9.

Volatile composition and sensory quality of Spanish pomegranates (Punica granatum L.).
Caln-Snchez A, Martnez JJ, Vzquez-Arajo L, Burl F, Melgarejo P, Carbonell-Barrachina
AA. J Sci Food Agric. 2011 Feb;91(3):586-92.

Pomegranate juice protects macrophages from triglyceride accumulation: inhibitory effect

on DGAT1 activity and on triglyceride biosynthesis. Rosenblat M, Aviram M. Ann Nutr
Metab. 2011;58(1):1-9.

The antiplaque efficacy of pomegranate mouthrinse. Bhadbhade SJ, Acharya AB, Rodrigues
SV, Thakur SL. Quintessence Int. 2011 Jan;42(1):29-36.

Pomegranate extract, a prooxidant with antiproliferative and proapoptotic activities

preferentially towards carcinoma cells. Weisburg JH, Schuck AG, Silverman MS, Ovits-Levy
CG, Solodokin LJ, Zuckerbraun HL, Babich H. Anticancer Agents Med Chem. 2010 Oct
1;10(8):634-44.

Antimicrobial potential of some plant extracts against Candida species. Hfling JF, Anibal
PC, Obando-Pereda GA, Peixoto IA, Furletti VF, Foglio MA, Gonalves RB. Braz J Biol. 2010
Nov;70(4):1065-8.

Tissue culture-mediated biotechnological intervention in pomegranate: a review. Naik SK,

Chand PK. Plant Cell Rep. 2011 May;30(5):707-21.

Fatty acids from Tunisian and Chinese pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) seeds. Elfalleh
W, Ying M, Nasri N, Sheng-Hua H, Guasmi F, Ferchichi A. Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2011
May;62(3):200-6.

Growth Inhibitory, Antiandrogenic, and Pro-apoptotic Effects of Punicic Acid in LNCaP

Human Prostate Cancer Cells. Gasmi J, Sanderson JT. J Agric Food Chem. 2010 Nov 10. [

Protective effects of Punica granatum in experimentally-induced gastric ulcers. Alam MS,

Alam MA, Ahmad S, Najmi AK, Asif M, Jahangir T.Toxicol Mech Methods. 2010
Nov;20(9):572-8.

Pomegranate extract inhibits the interleukin-1beta-induced activation of MKK-3,

p38alpha-MAPK and transcription factor RUNX-2 in human osteoarthritis chondrocytes.
Rasheed Z, Akhtar N, Haqqi TM. Arthritis Res Ther. 2010 Oct 18;12(5):R195.

LC-DAD-ESI/MS(n) determination of direct condensation flavanol-anthocyanin adducts in

pressure extracted pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) juice. Sentandreu E, Navarro JL,
Sendra JM. J Agric Food Chem. 2010 Oct 13;58(19):10560-7.
Influenza
Page | virus
24 variation in susceptibility to inactivation by pomegranate polyphenols is
determined by envelope glycoproteins. Sundararajan A, Ganapathy R, Huan L, Dunlap JR,
Webby RJ, Kotwal GJ, Sangster MY. Antiviral Res. 2010 Oct;88(1):1-9.

Effect of Punica granatum solvent extracts on immune system and disease resistance in
Paralichthys olivaceus against lymphocystis disease virus (LDV). Harikrishnan R, Heo J,
Balasundaram C, Kim MC, Kim JS, Han YJ, Heo MS. Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2010
Oct;29(4):668-73.

Pomegranate extract inhibits the proliferation and viability of MMTV-Wnt-1 mouse

mammary cancer stem cells in vitro. Dai Z, Nair V, Khan M, Ciolino HP. Oncol Rep. 2010
Oct;24(4):1087-91.

Oral Feeding of Pomegranate Fruit Extract Inhibits Early Biomarkers of UVB Radiation-
induced Carcinogenesis in SKH-1 Hairless Mouse Epidermis. Afaq F, Khan N, Syed DN,
Mukhtar H. Photochem Photobiol. 2010 Sep 23.

Wound healing activity of Malva sylvestris and Punica granatum in alloxan-induced

diabetic rats. Pirbalouti AG, Azizi S, Koohpayeh A, Hamedi B. Acta Pol Pharm. 2010 Sep-
Oct;67(5):511-6.

Pomegranate juice (PJ) consumption antioxidative properties on mouse macrophages, but

not PJ beneficial effects on macrophage cholesterol and triglyceride metabolism, are
mediated via PJ-induced stimulation of macrophage PON2. Rosenblat M, Volkova N, Aviram
M. Atherosclerosis. 2010 Sep;212(1):86-92.

Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) juice supplementation attenuates isoproterenol-

induced cardiac necrosis in rats. Jadeja RN, Thounaojam MC, Patel DK, Devkar RV,
Ramachandran AV. Cardiovasc Toxicol. 2010 Sep;10(3):174-80.

Effects of feeding polyphenols from pomegranate extract on health, growth, nutrient

digestion, and immunocompetence of calves. Oliveira RA, Narciso CD, Bisinotto RS,
Perdomo MC, Ballou MA, Dreher M, Santos JE. J Dairy Sci. 2010 Sep;93(9):4280-91.

Genetic diversity in inter-simple sequence repeat profiles across natural populations of

Indian pomegranate (Punica granatum L.). Narzary D, Rana TS, Ranade SA. Plant Biol
(Stuttg). 2010 Sep 1;12(5):806-13.

Characterization of a potential nutraceutical ingredient: pomegranate (Punica granatum

L.) seed oil unsaponifiable fraction. Caligiani A, Bonzanini F, Palla G, Cirlini M, Bruni R.
Plant Foods Hum Nutr. 2010 Sep;65(3):277-83.

Potent antifungal activity of extracts and pure compound isolated from pomegranate peels
and synergism with fluconazole against Candida albicans. Endo EH, Cortez DA, Ueda-
Nakamura T, Nakamura CV, Dias Filho BP. Res Microbiol. 2010 Sep;161(7):534-40.
In Vitro
PageEffects
| 25 of Pomegranate Juice and Pomegranate Polyphenols on Foodborne Viral
Surrogates. Su X, Sangster MY, D'Souza DH. Foodborne Pathog Dis. 2010 Aug 31.

Broad spectrum antimutagenic activity of antioxidant active fraction of Punica granatum

L. peel extracts. Zahin M, Aqil F, Ahmad I. Mutat Res. 2010 Aug 11.

NF-kappaB-dependent anti-inflammatory activity of urolithins, gut microbiota ellagic acid-

derived metabolites, in human colonic fibroblasts. Gonzlez-Sarras A, Larrosa M, Toms-
Barbern FA, Dolara P, Espn JC. Br J Nutr. 2010 Aug;104(4):503-12.

Effect of pomegranate seed oil on hyperlipidaemic subjects: a double-blind placebo-

controlled clinical trial. Mirmiran P, Fazeli MR, Asghari G, Shafiee A, Azizi F. Br J Nutr. 2010
Aug;104(3):402-6.

Dietary compound ellagic acid alleviates skin wrinkle and inflammation induced by UV-B
irradiation. Bae JY, Choi JS, Kang SW, Lee YJ, Park J, Kang YH. Exp Dermatol. 2010
Aug;19(8):e182-90.

Anti-inflammatory properties of a pomegranate extract and its metabolite urolithin-A in a

colitis rat model and the effect of colon inflammation on phenolic metabolism. Larrosa M,
Gonzlez-Sarras A, Yez-Gascn MJ, Selma MV, Azorn-Ortuo M, Toti S, Toms-Barbern F,
Dolara P, Espn JC. J Nutr Biochem. 2010 Aug;21(8):717-25.

Ellagitannins of the fruit rind of pomegranate (Punica granatum) antagonize in vitro the
host inflammatory response mechanisms involved in the onset of malaria. Dell'agli M, Galli
GV, Bulgari M, Basilico N, Romeo S, Bhattacharya D, Taramelli D, Bosisio E. Malar J. 2010 Jul
19;9:208.

Antifungal efficacy of Punica granatum, Acacia nilotica, Cuminum cyminum and

Foeniculum vulgare on Candida albicans: an in vitro study. Pai MB, Prashant GM,
Murlikrishna KS, Shivakumar KM, Chandu GN. Indian J Dent Res. 2010 Jul-Sep;21(3):334-6.

Antioxidant assay-guided purification and LC determination of ellagic acid in

pomegranate peel. Panichayupakarananta P, Issuriya A, Sirikatitham A, Wang W. J Chromatogr
Sci. 2010 Jul;48(6):456-9.

NMR assignment and characterization of proton exchange of the ellagitannin granatin B.

Steinmetz WE. Magn Reson Chem. 2010 Jul;48(7):565-70.

Dietary antioxidants improve arteriogenic erectile dysfunction. Zhang Q, Radisavljevic ZM,

Siroky MB, Azadzoi KM. Int J Androl. 2010 Jun 24.

The influence of pomegranate by-product and punicalagins on selected groups of human

intestinal microbiota. Bialonska D, Ramnani P, Kasimsetty SG, Muntha KR, Gibson GR,
Ferreira D. Int J Food Microbiol. 2010 Jun 15;140(2-3):175-82.
Prestorage oxalic acid treatment maintained visual quality, bioactive compounds, and
Page | 26
antioxidant potential of pomegranate after long-term storage at 2 degrees C. Sayyari M,
Valero D, Babalar M, Kalantari S, Zapata PJ, Serrano M. J Agric Food Chem. 2010 Jun
9;58(11):6804-8.

Medicinal plants as immunosuppressive agents in traditional Iranian medicine.

Amirghofran Z. Iran J Immunol. 2010 Jun;7(2):65-73.

Effect of pomegranate juice on Angiotensin II-induced hypertension in diabetic Wistar

rats. Mohan M, Waghulde H, Kasture S. Phytother Res. 2010 Jun;24 Suppl 2:S196-203. Erratum
in: Phytother Res. 2010 Jun;24 Suppl 2:S233-4.

Protective effect of pomegranate seed oil on hexachlorobutadiene-induced nephrotoxicity in

rat kidneys. Bouroshaki MT, Sadeghnia HR, Banihasan M, Yavari S. Ren Fail. 2010
Jun;32(5):612-7.

Isolation and Characterization of Novel Microsatellite Markers in Pomegranate (Punica

granatum L.). Pirseyedi SM, Valizadehghan S, Mardi M, Ghaffari MR, Mahmoodi P, Zahravi
M, Zeinalabedini M, Nekoui SM. Int J Mol Sci. 2010 May 3;11(5):2010-6.

Color, sugars and organic acids composition in aril juices and peel homogenates prepared
from different pomegranate accessions. Dafny-Yalin M, Glazer I, Bar-Ilan I, Kerem Z,
Holland D, Amir R. J Agric Food Chem. 2010 Apr 14;58(7):4342-52.

Effects of fruit ellagitannin extracts, ellagic acid, and their colonic metabolite, urolithin A,
on Wnt signaling. Sharma M, Li L, Celver J, Killian C, Kovoor A, Seeram NP. J Agric Food
Chem. 2010 Apr 14;58(7):3965-9.

Efficacy of Punica granatum extract on in-vitro and in-vivo control of Trichomonas

vaginalis. El-Sherbini GM, Ibrahim KM, El Sherbiny ET, Abdel-Hady NM, Morsy TA. J Egypt
Soc Parasitol. 2010 Apr;40(1):229-44.

Pomegranate juice polyphenols increase recombinant paraoxonase-1 binding to high-

density lipoprotein: studies in vitro and in diabetic patients. Fuhrman B, Volkova N, Aviram
M. Nutrition. 2010 Apr;26(4):359-66.

Antifungal activity of extracts of some plants used in Brazilian traditional medicine against
the pathogenic fungus Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. Johann S, Cisalpino PS, Watanabe GA,
Cota BB, de Siqueira EP, Pizzolatti MG, Zani CL, de Resende MA. Pharm Biol. 2010
Apr;48(4):388-96.

Extract of Punica granatum inhibits skin photoaging induced by UVB irradiation. Park
HM, Moon E, Kim AJ, Kim MH, Lee S, Lee JB, Park YK, Jung HS, Kim YB, Kim SY. Int J
Dermatol. 2010 Mar;49(3):276-82.
Ellagitannin
Page | 27 consumption improves strength recovery 2-3 d after eccentric exercise.
Trombold JR, Barnes JN, Critchley L, Coyle EF. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2010 Mar;42(3):493-8.

Occurrence of urolithins, gut microbiota ellagic acid metabolites and proliferation markers
expression response in the human prostate gland upon consumption of walnuts and
pomegranate juice. Gonzlez-Sarras A, Gi