|AMAL KEBAJIKAN S1/C1/ | kjj

BALANCING REDOX REACTION (acid)

Step to balance redox by ion electron method

Write the reaction
Example : Zn + NO3- Zn2+ + N2O

1.Determine the oxidation numbers each atom.

0 +5 -2 +2 +1 -2
Zn + NO3- Zn2+ + N2O

2.Write the half reactions

Ox : Zn Zn+2 + 2e
Red: NO3-1 + 4e N2O

3.Balance the atoms other than O & H in each half reaction

Ox : Zn Zn2+ + 2e
Red: 2NO3- + 8e N2O

4. Add H2O to balance O

5. Add H+ to balance H
6. Add electron to balance charge
7. Add reactions half reactions
8. Cancel electron on both side
***If the reaction is basic, add enough OH- the side of the reaction that has H+ to change all of the H+ into H2O. Add an
equal number of OH- to the other side. Lastly, cancel any extra H2O that appear on either side of the equation.
-Complete-

4Zn+ 2NO3-+10H+ 4Zn2++ N2O + 5H2O

(check, the equation must contains same number of atom and total charge on both side)

1. Balance each of the half reaction.

1) Re ReO2 3) NO3- HNO2 5) NO NO3-

2) Cl2 HClO 4) H2GeO3 Ge 6) Au Au(OH

2H2O + Re ReO2 + 4H+ + 4e 2H2O + Cl2 2HClO + 2H+ + 2e 2e + 3H+ + NO3 HNO2 + H2O 4e + 4H+ + H2GeO3 Ge + 3H2O 3H2O + Au Au(OH)3 + 3H+ + 3e 2H2O + NO NO3 + 4H+ + 3e

2. Write oxidation and reduction halfr eactions for each of the following redox

i. KI (aq) + Cl2 (g) KCl (aq) + I2 (s) ii. Mg (s) + FeCl3 (aq) MgCl2 (aq) + Fe (s)
Ox : Ox :
Red : Red :

iii. Cu + HNO3 Cu2+ + NO iv. Br2 BrO3 - + Br-

Ox : Ox :
Red : Red :

v.
Bi(OH)3 + SnO 22- SnO32- + Bi vi. S2O32- + I2 S4O62- + I-
Ox : Ox :
Red : Red :

vi.
MnO4- + I- MnO42- + IO3-
Ox :
 |AMAL KEBAJIKAN S1/C1/ | kjj
BALANCING REDOX REACTION (acid)

Red :
i. I I2, Cl2 Cl ii. Mg Mg2+, Fe 3+ Fe iii.Cu Cu2+, HNO3 NO iv.Br 2 BrO3-,Br2 Br- v. SnO 2
2-
SnO32-, Bi(OH)3 Bi vi. S2O32- S4O62-, I2 I- vii. I- IO3-, MnO4- MnO42-

Balance the following redox reactions in acid AND base:

MnO4- + C2O42- Mn2+ + CO2
Steps. 1
Ox. Numbers :

2. Write the half reactions

Ox :
Red :

3. Balance the atoms other than O & H

Ox :
Red :

4. Add H2O to balance O

Ox :
Red :

5. Add H+ to balance H
Ox :
Red :

6. Add electron to balance charge

Ox :
Red :

7. Add reactions half reactions (cancel electron on both side)

Ox :
Red :
Overall :
8. Check, the equation must contains same number of atom and total charge on both side
**** The balanced equation in base:

2MnO4- + 16H+ + 5C2O42- 2Mn2+ + 8H2O + 10CO2

2MnO4- + 8H2O + 5C2O42- 2Mn2+ + 10CO2 + 16OH-
Zn + NO3- NH3 + Zn(OH)42- ( in base)

Write the half reactions

Ox: Red:

Balance the atoms other than O & H Balance the atoms other than O & H

balance O balance O

balance H balance H

balance charge balance charge

Add the half equations together:

add enough OH- the side of the reaction that has H+ & Add an equal number of OH- to the other side
 |AMAL KEBAJIKAN S1/C1/ | kjj
BALANCING REDOX REACTION (acid)

change all of the OH- and H+ into H2O and cancel any extra H2O that appear on either side

Overall equation:

6H2O + 7OH- + 4 Zn + NO3- NH3 + 4 Zn(OH)42-