PROBLEM 5.

For the beam and loading shown, (a) draw the shear and bending-moment
diagrams, (b) determine the equations of the shear and bending-moment
curves.

SOLUTION

Reactions:
Pb
M C = 0: LA bP = 0 A=
L
Pa
M A = 0: LC aP = 0 C =
L
From A to B: 0< x<a
Pb
Fy = 0: V = 0
L
Pb
V =
L
Pb
M J = 0: M x=0
L
Pbx
M =
L

From B to C: a< x< L

Pa
Fy = 0: V + =0
L
Pa
V =
L
Pa
M K = 0: M + ( L x) = 0
L
Pa( L x)
M =
L
Pab
At section B: M =
L2
 PROBLEM 5.2

For the beam and loading shown, (a) draw the shear and bending-moment
diagrams, (b) determine the equations of the shear and bending-moment
curves.

SOLUTION
Reactions:
L wL
M B = 0: AL + wL =0 A=
2 2
L wL
M A = 0: BL wL =0 B=
2 2

Free body diagram for determining reactions.

Over whole beam, 0< x< L
Place section at x.
Replace distributed load by equivalent concentrated load.
wL
Fy = 0: wx V = 0
2
L
V = w x
2

wL x
M J = 0: x + wx + M = 0
2 2
w
M = (Lx x2 )
2
w
M = x( L x)
2
L
Maximum bending moment occurs at x = .
2
wL2
M max =
8
 PROBLEM 5.15

For the beam and loading shown, determine the maximum

normal stress due to bending on a transverse section at C.

SOLUTION
Reaction at A:
M B = 0: 4.5 A + (3.0)(3) + (1.5)(3) + (1.8)(4.5)(2.25) = 0 A = 7.05 kN
Use AC as free body.
M C = 0: M C (7.05)(1.5) + (1.8)(1.5)(0.75) = 0
M C = 8.55 kN m = 8.55 103 N m

1 3 1
I = bh = (80)(300)3 = 180 106 mm 4
12 12
= 180 106 m 4
1
c= (300) = 150 mm = 0.150 m
2

Mc (8.55 103 )(0.150)

= = = 7.125 106 Pa = 7.13 MPa
I 180 106
 PROBLEM 5.42

Using the method of Sec. 5.3, Solve Prob. 5.9

PROBLEM 5.9 Draw the shear and bending-moment diagrams for the
beam and loading shown, and determine the maximum absolute value
(a) of the shear, (b) of the bending moment.

SOLUTION

Reactions:

M C = 0 : 2 A + (12)(2)(1) (40)(1) = 0
A = 8kN

M A = 0 : 2C (12)(2)(1) (40)(3) = 0
C = 72 kN

Shear diagram: VA = 8 kN
A to C: 0 < x < 2 m w = 12kN/m
2 2
VC VA =
0
wdx = 12dx = 24 kN
0
VC = 24 8 = 32 kN

C to B: VB = 32 + 72 = 40 kN
Areas of shear diagram:
1
A to C: Vdx = (8 32)(2) = 40 kN m
2
C to B: Vdx = (1)(40) = 40 kN m
Bending moments:
MA = 0
M C = M A + Vdx = 0 40 = 40 kN m
M B = M C + Vdx = 40 + 40 = 0

(a) Maximum V = 40.0 kN

(b) Maximum M = 40.0 kN m

 PROBLEM 5.63*

Beam AB supports a uniformly distributed load of 2 kN/m and two

concentrated loads P and Q. It has been experimentally determined that
the normal stress due to bending in bottom edge of the beam is
56.9 MPa at A and 29.9 MPa at C. Draw the shear and bending-
moment diagrams for the beam and determine the magnitudes of the
loads P and Q.

SOLUTION

1
I= (18)(36)3 = 69.984 103 mm 4
12
1
c = d = 18 mm
2
I
S = = 3.888 103 mm3 = 3.888 106 m3
c

At A, M A = S A = (3.888 106 )(56.9) = 221.25 N m

At C, M C = S C = (3.888 106 )(29.9) = 116.25 N m

M A = 0: 221.23 (0.1)(400) 0.2 P 0.325Q = 0

0.2 P + 0.325Q = 181.25 (1)

M C = 0: 116.25 (0.05)(200) 0.1P 0.225Q = 0

0.1P + 0.225Q = 106.25 (2)

Solving (1) and (2) simultaneously, P = 500 N
Q = 250 N

Reaction force at A: RA 400 500 250 = 0 RA = 1150 N m

VA = 1150 N VD = 250
M A = 221.25 N m M C = 116.25 N m M D = 31.25 N m

|V |max = 1150 N

|M |max = 221 N m

 PROBLEM 5.87

Deetermine the largest permissible distributed load w foor the

beeam shown, knowing that the allowable normal streess is
+880 MPa in tension and 130 MPa in compression.

SOLUTION

Reactioons. By symmetry, B = C

Fy = 0 : B + C 0.9w = 0
B = C = 0.45w
Shear: VA = 0

VB = 0 0.2w = 0.2w
VB+ = 0.2w + 0.45w = 0.25w
VC = 0.25w 0.5w = 0.25w
VC + = 0.25w + 0.45w = 0.2w
VD = 0.2w 0.2w = 0

1
Areas: A to B. (0.2)(0.2w) = 0.02w
2
1
B to E (0.25)(0.25w) = 0.03125w
2
Bendingg moments: MA = 0
M B = 0 0.02w = 0.02w
M E = 0.02w + 0.03125w = 0.01125w
Centroid and moment of inertia:

Part A, mm 2 y , mm Ay (103 mm3 ) d , mm. Ad 2 (103 mm 4 ) I (103 mm 4 )

1200 70 84 20 480 40
1200 30 36 20 480 360
2400 120 960 400

120 103
Y = = 50 mm
2400
I = Ad 2 + I = 1360 103 mm 4
 PROBLEM 5.87 (Continued)

Top: I /y = (1360 103 )/30 = 45.333 103 mm3 = 45.333 106 m3

Bottom: I /y = (1360 103 ) / (50) = 27.2 103 mm3 = 27.2 106 m3

Bending moment limits ( M = I / y ) and load limits w.

Tension at B and C : 0.02 w = (80 106 ) (45.333 106 ) w = 181.3 103 N/m

Compression at B and C : 0.02 w = (130 106 )(27.2 106 ) w = 176.8 103 N/m

Tension at E: 0.01125 w = (80 106 ) (27.2 106 ) w = 193.4 103 N/m

Compression at E: 0.01125 w = (130 10) (45.333 106 ) w = 523.8 103 N/m

The smallest allowable load controls: w = 176.8 103 N/m

w = 176.8 kN/m
 PROBLEM 5.89

A 240-kN load is to be supported at the center of the 5-m span shown.

Knowing that the allowable normal stress for the steel used is 165 MPa,
determine (a) the smallest allowable length l of beam CD if the
W 310 74 beam AB is not to be overstressed, (b) the most economical
W shape that can be used for beam CD. Neglect the weight of both
beams.

SOLUTION

For rolled steel section W310 74 of beam AB

S = 1060 103 mm3 = 1060 106 m3
all = 165 MPa = 165 106 Pa
Allowable bending moment.
M all = S all = (1060 106 )(165 106 )
= 174.9 103 N m
= 174.9 kN m
(a) Beam AB.
Area A to C of shear diagram = 120 a
Bending moment at C 120 a
120a = 174.9 = 1.4575 m
Geometry: 2a + l = 5 l = 5 2a = 2.085 m
(b) Beam CD (midpoint E)
Area C to E of shear diagram
= (1.0425)(120) = 125.1 kN m
Bending moment at E.
M = 125.1 kN m = 125.1 103 N m
M 125.1 103
Smin = = = 758.2 106 m3
all 165 10 6

= 758.2 103 mm3

Shape S (103 mm3 )

W460 52 942
W410 46.1 774
W360 57.8 899
W310 60 851
W250 67 809
W200 86 853
Answer: W410 46.1
 PROBLEM 5.93

Beams AB, BC, and CD have the cross section shown

and are pin-connected at B and C. Knowing that the
allowable normal stress is +110 MPa in tension and
150 MPa in compression, determine (a) the largest
permissible value of P if beam BC is not to be
overstressed, (b) the corresponding maximum
distance a for which the cantilever beams AB and CD
are not overstressed.

SOLUTION

M B = MC = 0
VB = VC = P

Area B to E of shear diagram: 2.4 P

M E = 0 + 2.4 P = 2.4 P = M F

Centroid and moment of inertia:

Part A (mm2 ) y (mm) Ay (mm3 ) d (mm) Ad 2 (mm4 ) I (mm4 )

2500 156.25 390625 34.82 3.031 106 0.0326 106
1875 75 140625 46.43 4.042 106 3.516 106
4375 531250 7.073 106 3.548 106

531250
Y = = 121.43 mm
4375
I = Ad 2 + I = 10.621 106 mm 4

Location y (mm) I / y (103 mm3 ) also (106 m3 )

Top 41.07 258.6
Bottom 121.43 87.47
 PROBLEM 5.93 (Continued)

Bending moment limits: M = I / y

Tension at E and F: (110 106 ) (87.47 106 ) = 9.622 103 N m

Compression at E and F: (150 106 )(258.6 106 ) = 38.8 103 N m

Tension at A and D: (110 106 ) (258.6 106 ) = 28.45 103 N m

Compression at A and D: (150 106 )(87.47 106 ) = 13.121 103 N m

(a) Allowable load P : 2.4 P = 9.622 103 P = 4.01 103 N P = 4.01 kN

Shear at A: VA = P

Area A to B of shear diagram: aVA = aP

Bending moment at A: M A = aP = 4.01 103 a

(b) Distance a: 4.01 103 a = 13.121 103 a = 3.27 m